Autoradiographic study of the relationship between the reparative regeneration of the liver and the rhythm of pathogenic action

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine -     

Modifying effect of hypokinezia on reparative regeneration in the liver

Restriction of motor activity in partially hepatectomized animals causes regressive changes in the remaining part of the liver and complementary hypertrophy due to ablation of the largest part of the liver. The extent of reparative regeneration of the liver under these conditions is determined by modifying influence of hypokinesia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 146–148, February, 1998     

The mitotic behavior of the liver during reparative regeneration

Summary Mitoses in the regenerating liver were observed on the 2nd–3rd day after the removal of 2/3 of this organ, mainly from 3 A.M. to 9 A.M. There is not much mitotic activity during the rest of the 24 hours, large number of mitoses being revealed only in individual animals. There were many more mitoses revealed in the liver of the mice operated at 9 to 12 in the morning than in those operated during the evening hours (at 6 to 9 P.M.).Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. N. Chernigovskii     

Binuclear rat liver cells during reparative regeneration of the organ

In the early stages after partial hepatectomy (17 h after the operation) binuclear cells take part in proliferation (the number of binuclear cells in proportion to the total number of cells labeled 1 h after injection of thymidine-³H was considerably smaller, whereas in the later stages (37 and 53 h after the operation) their relative fraction in the population was twice or three times greater. The formation of new binuclear cells from mononuclear cells (reflected in the number of labeled binuclear cells 20 h after injection of thymidine-³H) took place most intensively in the early periods of regeneration (16–36 h after the operation) when about 20% of mitoses were acytokinetic and led to the formation of a binuclear cell. In the later periods only 8% of mitoses ended with the formation of binuclear cells.Laboratory of Chemical Factors of Regulation of Growth and Cell Division, Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Orekhovich.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 4, pp. 347–349, April, 1979.     

The effect of reparative regeneration of the liver on the mitotic activity of the corneal and epidermal epithelium in mice

Summary The author studied changes in the mitotic activity in the epithelium of the cornea and in the epidermis of the conchae auriculae on the 2nd and 3rd day following reaction of 2/3 of the liver. It was found that the mitotic activity in the epithelium of the cornea in the experimental animals was much higher than in the control group. Dirurnal variations in the mitotic activity typical of normal animals was retained. Mitotic activity in the epidermis of the ear in the experimental group of animals was at all times lower, on the average, than in the control group.Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR N. N. Zhukov-Verezhnikov Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 50, No. 11, pp. 105–108, November, 1960     

Morphological and functional changes in the immune system during reparative regeneration of the liver

During reparative regeneration in the liver functional activity of the immune system is increased. Resection of the liver is accompanied by sharp changes in the structure of the thymus and spleen. The thymus-dependent parts of the spleen are particularly reactive. Resection of the liver in rats is accompanied by an increase in the number of stem cells in the bone marrow, as determined by the splenic colonies method. The number of colony-forming cells in the spleen of recipients of lymphocytes taken from the hepatectomized animals is significantly greater than in the spleen of recipients of lymphocytes from intact rats. If the limb is screened, ability to form endogenous colonies also is increased in partially hepatectomized rats compared with intact animals. Resection of the liver in rabbits is accompanied by a significant increase in immunological reactivity on the first to third days after the operation. The reactions of leukergia and leukocytolysis are sharply intensified during this period.Department of General Biology and Central Research Laboratory, S. M. Kirov Gor'kii Medical Institute, (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 10, pp. 480–484, October, 1977.     

The stimulation of reparative regeneration of the liver by subcutaneous injection of glycogen

Summary Regeneration of the liver (following resection of 2/3 of this organ) was stimulated by subcutaneous administration of glycogen at the period of marked drop of its content in the liver (during the first week after the operation). A more intensive regeneration in the rat liver following subcutaneous injection of glycogen is connected with increased cellular multiplication, as shown by the data on mitotic activity of hepatic cells. There were no significant changes in the glycogen content of the regenerating liver of rats following subcutaneous administration of glycogen. No deleterious effect of glycogen injections on the organism was detected.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 104–108, April, 1962     

Physiological and reparative regeneration of mitochondria

The ultrastructure of the mitochondria of hepatocytes was studied under normal and pathological conditions. Restoration of the ultrastructure of swollen mitochondria with a translucent matrix was shown to be completed within 24 h in rat and chick hepatocytes during embryogenesis. One method of intramural regeneration of the mitochondria in hepatocytes of chick embryos and of mice poisoned with CCl₄ twice a week for five months whas shown to be clasmatosis of the damaged fragments of mitochondria, their removal through the partially destroyed outer membrane of the mitochondrion, and subsequent restoration of the integrity of the outer membrane. The process of regeneration of the mitochondrion after clasmatosis of its fragments takes two days in chick embryonic hepatocytes.Laboratory of Evolutionary Histology, A. N. Severtsov Institute of Evolutionary Morphology and Ecology of Animals, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. I. Strukov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 84–87, July, 1979.     

Experimental study of reparative regeneration processes in the wound treated with bioactive dressings

Quantitative and structural functional analysis of granulation tissue cells during treatment with protein-polysaccharide dressing Collahit F was carried out. The preparation effectively cleansed the wound from detritus, prevented secondary infection due to stimulation of the functional activity of macrophages and due to the effect of its antiseptic component (furagin), and stimulated proliferative activity of fibroblasts and granulation tissue microvessels on day 5 of treatment, thus promoting repair processes in the wound.     

Intracellular distribution of hyaluronidase in acute and chronic hepatitis and reparative regeneration of the liver in rats

The dynamics of the subcellular distribution of hyaluronidase was studied in the rat liver after acute and chronic hepatitis induced by CCl₄. In the early period of recovery an increase was found in the relative specific activity of the enzyme in the supernatant fraction but a decrease in the fraction of light mitochondria. Later this index increased in the fraction of heavy and light mitochondria, evidence of active processes of phagocytosis and digestion. After acute hepatitis the process of recovery at the subcellular level lasted much longer than at the morphological level.Central Research Laboratory, Novosibirsk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. D. Yablokov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 295–297, March, 1976.     

Mechanisms of reparative regeneration of the venous endothelium

Central Research Laboratory, A. S. Bubnov Ivanovo Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kupriyanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 105, No. 3, pp. 376–379, March, 1988.     

Electron autoradiographic study of the synthesis of RNA in the reparative regeneration of bones]

The metabolism of RNA in cells of callus 4 and 7 days following the fracture was studied. At the three stages of differentiation of osteogenic cells--preosteoblasts, differentiating osteoblasts, and osteoblasts--there was noted a similar dynamics of synthesis and transfer of RNA. One and a half hour after administration of a precursor of RNA--uridine-5H3 grains of silver concentrated predominantly above the nuclei, nucleoli being marked most intensively. Four hours after the administration of the precursor the total number of grains above the cells increased, mostly above the granular endoplasmatic reticulum; density of grains over the nuclei at this time did not change significantly, whereas that over the nucleoli decreased notably. The relationship between the observed features of the RNA metabolism and various stages of differentiation of osteogenic cells is considered.