Transgenic tobacco cells producing the human monoclonal antibody to hepatitis B virus surface antigen

The recombinant human monoclonal antibody (MAb) against hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) was expressed in tobacco suspension cultures. The parental CL4MAb was produced by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed human cell line TAPC301-CL4. The CL4MAb cDNA was introduced into tobacco suspension cells by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), B294 and B303, which were derived from CL4 and subsequently produced in plant cells were selected for study. After purification on Protein A columns, B294 and B303 MAbs had anti-HBs relative affinity constants similar to the parental CL4MAb. B303 MAb interacted with cell surface HBsAgs and showed complement-dependent cytotoxicity in a manner that was similar to anti-HBs human immunoglobulins (HBIg) that are used clinically. The results of this study point to the feasibility of producing MAbs to HBsAg in plants as an alternative to HBIg.     

Direct Production of the Fab Fragment Derived From the Sperm Immobilizing Antibody Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and cDNA Expression Vectors

PROBLEM : Sperm immobilizing antibodies cause infertility mainly through complement dependent sperm immobilization. To analyze any effect of sperm immobilizing antibody on fertilization, we had already established cell lines that secrete IgM monoclonal antibody (MAb H6-3C4) and IgG monoclonal antibody (MAb EnBCMGS). The latter was a class-switched recombinant IgG antibody that shares the same variable region as MAb H6-3C4. The biological effects of the IgG antibody were also reported previously to eliminate sperm immobilizing or sperm agglutinating activities. However, the method of chemical digestion of IgG had some disadvantage to prepare the purified Fab fragment stably and in large quantities. This time we report a unique method to obtain the recombinant Fab fragments (Fab EnBCMGS) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cDNA expression vectors. METHOD : Two kinds of PCR primers were designed to make a truncated heavy chain (Fd) gene of MAb EnBCMGS. The amplified Fd gene and light chain gene were ligated into cDNA expression vectors and then transfected into mammalian cells. RESULTS : Expression of the Fd gene and light chain gene were confirmed by Northern blotting. Secretion of the recombinant Fab fragment from mammalian cells was also confirmed by Western blotting. The Fab fragment showed biological activity as is expected by FACS analysis. CONCLUSION : This method enables the stable production of genuine Fab fragments of IgG in mammalian cells without any chemical treatment that may be time consuming and affect the quality of the Fab fragments.     

单克隆抗-D细胞株的建立及抗-D抗体Fab段的基因序列分析

目的:建立分泌抗-D抗体的人B淋巴细胞株,分析编码一株人单克隆抗-D抗体Fab段的基因序列。方法:以EB病毒(EBV)转化分泌抗-D抗体的人B淋巴细胞,建立分泌抗-D抗体的淋巴细胞株。设计扩增人lgM重链Fd段及κ轻链的引物,以聚合酶链反应进行扩增,对扩增产物进行分子克隆及测序。结果:分别用轻链引物和重链引物从一分泌lgM抗-D的单克隆细胞株扩增出一约650bp和700bp的特异带。序列分析表明,其核苷酸及其所推导的氨基酸(AA)序列符合人lgFab段的序列特征。结论:获得了抗-D抗体Fab段基因,为基因工程抗-D的研制及Rh新生儿溶血病的预防提供物质基础。     

人源抗HBsAg单克隆抗体组合文库的建立

应用固相抗原筛选法，建立了人抗ＨＢｓＡｇ单克隆抗体组合文库。以液相ＨＢｓＡｇ包被酶标板，对抗ＨＢｓＡｇ血清阳性供者文库经多次筛选，扩增，建立起针对ＨＢｓＡｇ的组合抗体子文库。     

人-鼠嵌合抗血小板单抗SZ-2 Fab片段基因的构建和表达研究

目的：降低鼠源性抗血小板单克隆抗体SZ-2的免疫原性。为其进一步研究，应用奠定基础。方法：用Trizol试剂从SZ-2杂交瘤细胞抽提RNA，应用RT-PCR技术，扩增出SZ-2重链，轻链可变区基因，克隆入载体pUCm-T，测序分析，应用基因重组技术，将SZ-2轻，重链可变区基因与人免疫球蛋白γ1重链CH1和к轻链恒区基因进行拼接，构建人-鼠嵌合Fab片段基因表达质粒pSW1-2Fab/Hu，并导入大肠杆菌XL1-blue诱导表达，以ELISA，Western blot和瑞斯托霉素诱导血小板聚集抑制试验。对表达产物进行检测，验证。结果：克隆的基因序列符合小鼠轻，重链可变区基因的特征；表达质粒pSW1-2Fab/Hu拼接正确；在大肠杆菌中的表达量约为180μg/L；表达产物具有与血小板GPIb结合的特性并可抑制瑞斯托霉素诱导血小板聚集。结论：成功地克隆了SZ-2可变区基因；并表达了可溶性人-鼠嵌合Fab基因工程抗体。     

嵌合抗CD20抗体Fab片段在大肠杆菌中表达及活性鉴定

目的 :构建抗CD2 0 嵌合抗体Fab片段表达载体 ,并在大肠杆菌中进行高效可溶性分泌表达。方法 :利用PCR方法从抗CD2 0 单链抗体 (ScFv)表达载体上扩增抗CD2 0 抗体轻链可变区基因 (VL)、重链可变区基因 (VH) ,然后将VH、VL 基因重组到Fab表达载体pYZF中 ,构建抗CD2 0 Fab表达载体pYZF1cd2 0 ,并在 2 7C7菌中高效表这。结果 :经Fab表达载体转化的 2 7C7菌株 ,进行表达培养 ,经分离纯化获得具有CD2 0 特异结合活性的Fab片段 ,竞争性免疫荧光抑制实验表明 ,表达产物Fab片段能竞争性抑制鼠源性抗CD2 0 抗体HI47和CD2 0 表达细胞Raji细胞结合。结论 :在大肠杆菌中高效可溶性分泌表达有活性的抗CD2 0 嵌合抗体Fab片段。     

从噬菌体抗体库筛选获得中和性人源抗甲型肝炎病毒Fab抗体

目的 研究人源抗甲型肝炎病毒基因工程抗体,为预防甲型肝炎病毒感染提供有效的方法。方法 采用噬菌体表面展示技术,从一名甲型肝炎恢复期病人的抗凝血中分离淋巴细胞,提取总ＲＮＡ逆转录后,用一组人ＩｇＧ Ｆａｂ特异性引物扩增。结果 克隆和表达了８株人源抗甲型肝炎病毒抗体Ｆａｂ段基因,经ＥＬＩＳＡ检测为特异性人抗甲型肝炎病毒Ｆａｂ段抗体。结论 该８株人源抗甲型肝炎病毒Ｆａｂ抗体都能与具有中和活性的鼠抗甲型肝炎病毒单克隆抗体产生竞争抑制反应,选其中的２株做体外中和实验,证明都有中和甲型肝炎病毒的活性。     

基因工程乳腺癌特异性人单链抗体的表达与特性

研究解决分泌人单抗的杂交瘤细胞系难于稳定持久分泌抗体的难题，制备单链抗体，使单抗分子小型化，为进一步研究其在肿瘤诊断和治疗中的应用作准备。从分泌抗乳腺癌人单抗的杂交瘤细胞CM－1总RNA中，利用RT－PCR技术分别扩增出人单抗重链可变区VH基因和轻链可变区VL基因，将扩增产物纯化后克隆于pGEM-T载体中，进行DNA测序和序列比较分析后，将两者共克隆于表达载体中诱导表达，利用斑点免疫印迹及竞争抑制法检测表达产物的抗原性。所克隆的CM－1人单抗重链可变区和轻链可变区基因片段，分别属于人免疫球蛋白IgM Ⅲ亚群，和鼠κ轻链V亚群，ⅩⅦ家族，用斑点免疫印迹法检测可见表达产物能与人乳腺癌细胞特异结合；人CM－1单克隆抗体对此单链抗体与人乳腺癌细胞的结合有竞争性抑制作用，抑制率为75．7％。结论：成功地制备了可特异结合乳腺癌细胞的CM－1单链抗体。     

人源抗乙肝表面抗原基因工程抗体的研究

目的 研制人源抗乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)基因工程抗体.方法 采集多个HBsAg加强免疫后表面抗体阳性(HBsAb+)志愿者的外周血,分离淋巴细胞,构建人源抗HBsAg Fab噬菌体抗体基因文库.用纯化的HBsAg对抗体库进行富集筛选,经过序列测定确定抗体轻重链型别,分别克隆入真核细胞表达载体pAc-FcR和HL51-14,转染昆虫Sf9细胞和293T细胞,利用杆状病毒/昆虫细胞系统和哺乳动物细胞系统实现全抗体的分泌型表达.结果 成功筛选出20株抗HBsAg的人源Fab抗体并制备出其中6株的IgG全抗体,竞争性ELISA结果显示6株全抗体针对的是HBsAg 3个不同表位.结论 成功筛选并获得了6株针对3个不同表位的抗HBsAg的IgG全抗体,为治疗性抗体和新疫苗的研制奠定了基础.     

Monoclonal antibody recognizing pre-S(2) epitope of hepatitis B virus: characterization of pre-S(2) epitope and anti-pre-S(2) antibody

A hybrid cell line producing monoclonal antibodies recognizing an epitope encoded by the pre-(S)2 region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was obtained by fusion of mouse myeloma cells with lymphocytes from mice immunized with HBV. The monoclonal antibody Mo-F124 secreted from the hybrid line reacted with the pre-S(2) epitope expressed on the surface of both viral and recombinant HBsAg particles--pre-S(2) and S gene product--localised on 34 kD glycoprotein of the viral envelope. The pre-S(2) epitope was sensitive to digestion with V8 protease from Staphylococcus aureus. The enzyme abolished reactivity with Mo-F124 and polymerized human serum albumin (pHSA) binding activity of recombinant particles. Mo-F124 antibody was used to develop highly sensitive radioimmunoassays for determination of pre-S(2) epitope and anti-pre-S(2) antibody in sera of hepatitis B patients. Detection of a pre-S(2) epitope by the monoclonal antibody-based assay in the early phase of acute HBV infection correlated well with the presence of markers of active viral replication (HBeAg, HBV DNA). The appearance of anti-pre-S(2) antibody, usually in the third month after onset of symptoms, was followed by elimination of circulating HBsAg and seroconversion to anti-HBs in all tested cases of uncomplicated acute hepatitis followed by recovery. Anti-pre-S(2) response was not observed in patients with chronic hepatitis B or acute HBV infection progressing to chronic disease. The observed correlation of anti-pre-S(2) response with recovery suggests that the pre-S(2) epitope may represent one of the epitopes inducing antibodies that neutralize the hepatitis B virus.     

抗血小板膜糖蛋白单抗SZ—21嵌合Fab片段基因的构建和表达研究

目的 为降低抗血小板膜糖蛋白单克隆抗体SZ－21的免疫原性,克隆了SZ－21可变区基因,构建并表达人－鼠嵌合Fab基因工程抗体。方法 利用基因克隆技术,从杂交瘤细胞系SZ－21克隆出轻、重链可变区基因,然后亚克隆到质粒pSW1中,构建成人－鼠嵌合Fab片段基因质粒pSZ-21,在大肠杆菌中表达。结果 pSZ－21基因构建正确,在大肠杆菌中表达出可溶性抗体片段,表达产物具有与血小板结合的活性。结论 成功地克隆了SZ－21可变区基因,并表达了可溶性人－鼠嵌合Fab基因工程抗体。     

Monoclonal antibodies to human malignant mesothelioma

Murine monoclonal antibodies were used to identify tumor-cell membrane antigens on a new human mesothelioma cell line. Hybridomas were constructed by fusing SP2/0 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from Balb/C mice immunized by the human mesothelioma cell line MT-1. Hybridoma antibody was detected in 55/672 microculture wells that reacted to these MT-1 tumor cells by an indirect¹²⁵I-protein A binding assay. Six cultures produced antibody binding selectively to the MT-1 tumor cells but not to a human lymphoblastoid cell line. These six hybridomas were cloned: three were IgG and three were IgM antibodies. One monoclonal, MAb 45, reacted with 4 of 7 human mesothelioma cell lines but with only 1 of 11 carcinomas, 1 of 3 sarcomas, 4 of 11 melanomas, and 0 of 5 lymphoid lines. The other five monoclonals had a much broader cross-reactivity. Using an immunoperoxidase technique, MAb 45 bound to mixed-type malignant mesotheliomas but not to normal lung and pleura. The specificity of MAb 45 for diffuse mesotheliomas and the low cross-reactivity with carcinomas and normal adjacent tissues suggest that this monoclonal may be clinically useful.     

人源抗HBs基因工程抗体在E. coli中的高效表达与折叠研究

目的 高效表达是基因工程抗体走向临床的关键问题之一.本试验旨在研究人源抗HBs基因工程抗体在E. coli中的高效表达与折叠.方法 本实验将抗HBsAg抗体的轻链(L)和重链Fd段基因,分别克隆于pET20b质粒中并分别转化到大肠肝菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE分析发现在Mr27 000(L)和Mr25 000(Fd)处有外源蛋白表达,表达蛋白含量分别为53%和48%.L链和Fd 包涵体蛋白经盐酸胍变性后,等量混合于折叠液中.结果 L和Fd可复性形成了Mr约50 000的蛋白,ELISA结果表明,复性蛋白具有与HBsAg结合的能力.结论 抗HBsAg抗体Fab段在大肠杆菌中的表达与复性的成功,表明包涵体表达基因工程抗体在技术是可行的.     

抗SARS-CoV抗原的人源Fab段噬菌体抗体库的构建

目的 :利用抗SARS冠状病毒IgG抗体阳性的SARS康复患者外周血淋巴细胞 ,构建人源Fab段抗体文库。方法 :制备外周血淋巴细胞总RNA ,逆转录成cDNA。以其为模板 ,利用针对家族特异性Ig基因的引物扩增重链Fd段和轻链基因 ,并重组到噬菌粒载体pComb3中 ,将重组噬菌粒载体电转化大肠杆菌XL 1Blue,酶切鉴定抗体库的重组率 ,并测定噬菌体抗体库的库容量。结果 :构建了源于SARS康复患者血清中抗Fab段的抗体文库 ,轻链、重链Fd段基因的重组率分别为91%和 75 % ,库容量为 7.2 3× 10 7。结论 :成功地构建了抗SARS CoV抗原的人源Fab段噬菌体抗体库     

Both VH and VL chains of polyreactive IgM antibody are required for polyreactivity: expression of Fab in Escherichia coli.

Monoclonal polyreactive antibodies can bind to many structurally dissimilar self and non-self antigens. Neither the precise antigen-binding site on the polyreactive antibody molecule nor the molecular basis of polyreactivity has been elucidated. The present study was initiated to see whether antibody genes encoding the Fab fragment of a human monoclonal polyreactive IgM antibody (MoAb 67) could be efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli, and whether the bacterially expressed Fab fragments possessed biological activity. cDNA encoding the variable domains of the heavy and light chains of MoAb 67 were cloned, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and expressed in E. coli. Neither the recombinant heavy nor light chain showed antigen-binding activity. In contrast, the recombinant Fab 67 fragment showed the same antigen-binding reactivity profile as the native IgM antibody. It is concluded that the antigen-binding activity of polyreactive antibodies resides in the Fab fragment, and that both the heavy and light chains are required for activity.     

Production and characterization of a human recombinant monoclonal Fab fragment specific for influenza A viruses

A human recombinant monoclonal Fab fragment that specifically recognizes all the influenza A virus strains tested was produced in transformed Escherichia coli using the phage display technique. No strain of influenza B virus reacted with it. It was purified after four cycles of panning and by a single passage through an immunoaffinity column. About 1 mg of pure monoclonal antibody was obtained from 1 liter of culture medium in 3 working days. The Fab fragment reacted with a viral 27-kDa protein, which could reasonably be a matrix protein. Indirect immunofluorescence tests performed on virus-infected MDCK cells showed that this Fab fragment was at least equally efficient as other commercial monoclonal antibody-based systems in detecting influenza A viral infections. The potential advantages of human recombinant Fabs on murine monoclonal antibodies are discussed.     

人源抗人免疫缺陷病毒1型噬菌体抗体库的构建及筛选

目的构建人免疫缺陷病毒１型（ＨＩＶ－１）特异性噬菌体抗体库，制备人源抗ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０单克隆抗体。方法以半巢式聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）从ＨＩＶ－１感染者外周血单个核淋巴细胞中扩增抗体重链Ｆｄ和轻链（ｋ）基因，与噬菌体载体ｐＣｏｍｂ３连接，构建噬菌体抗体Ｆａｂ组合文库。对抗体库进行３轮吸附－洗脱－扩增的亲和选择后，以ＥＬＩＳＡ法筛选抗ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０噬菌体抗体，并进行ＤＮＡ序列分析和Ｆａｂ的可溶性表达。结果半巢式ＰＣＲ有效地扩增出Ｆｄ和ｋ基因，以此构建成容量为１９５×１０７的噬菌体抗体库。３轮亲和选择使特异性抗体得到高度富集，抗ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０噬菌体抗体阳性克隆占３２％。对一阳性克隆抗体基因ＣＨ１和ＣＬ部分ＤＮＡ序列进行了测定，并在大肠杆菌表达出可溶性Ｆａｂ。结论抗ＨＩＶ－１特异性噬菌体抗体库的构建和人源抗ＨＩＶ－１ｇｐ１２０单克隆抗体的制备为今后筛选抗ＨＩＶ中和抗体奠定了基础，具有重要的应用价值。     

HBV-SAg特异性靶细胞系的构建

目的　研究特异性细胞免疫反应在病毒性肝炎发生发展中的作用及观察药物等对细胞免疫反应的影响。方法　用ＤＮＡ 重组技术构建逆转录病毒重组质粒ＰＬＸＳＮＳ，以电穿孔方法转入ＰＡ３１７ 细胞，筛选高表达克隆，收集其假病毒颗粒感染ＥＬ４ 细胞，经有限稀释选择高表达克隆。结果　重组质粒转染ＰＡ３１７ 细胞后，５３ 个克隆形成（１∶１０ 传代），在２４ 孔板中扩增后有７ 个克隆细胞上清ＨＢｓＡｇ 阳性。用ＨＢｓＡｇ Ａ值（曾称ＯＤ值） 最高克隆的假病毒感染ＥＬ４ 细胞，再经有限稀释得到稳定、高效表达ＨＢｓＡｇ 的靶细胞系（ＥＬ４Ｓ），在体外传１００ 代以上，ＨＢｓＡｇ 仍能高效表达（４８ 小时上清中ＨＢｓＡｇ 的Ａ值达０－８５）。经检测ＰＬＸＳＮＳ及重组腺病毒ｒＡｄＢ７２Ｓ免疫后小鼠对ＨＢｓＡｇ 特异的细胞免疫反应，得到较为满意的结果。结论　我们成功构建了稳定表达ＨＢｓＡｇ 的靶细胞，对研究ＨＢｓＡｇ 细胞免疫反应及乙肝免疫发病机理等方面有重要意义     

Production of high-affinity human monoclonal antibody fab fragments to the 19-kilodalton C-terminal merozoite surface protein 1 of Plasmodium falciparum

A combinatorial immunoglobulin gene library was constructed from peripheral blood lymphocytes of eight patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum and was screened for the production of human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments to the C-terminal 19-kDa fragment of P. falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1(19)). Three Fab clones recognized recombinant MSP-1(19) under nonreducing conditions. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that three Fab clones stained the surfaces of late trophozoites/schizonts and merozoites of the FCR3 and 3D7 strains, suggesting the Fabs' reactivities to a conserved epitope. Sequence analysis of the heavy-chain genes revealed that the closest germ line V segments were VH1-8 and VH7-81, with 91% to 98% homology. The closest germ line D segment was D3-10, and the closest germ line J segment was JH4 or JH5, with 90% to 97% homology. In the light-chain genes, the closest germ line V segment was A27 for the Jkappa2, Jkappa4, and Jkappa5 segments. The dissociation constants of these Fab fragments for recombinant MSP-1(19) ranged from 1.09 x 10(-9) to 2.66 x 10(-9) M. The binding of the three Fab fragments to MSP-1(19) was competitively inhibited by the anti-MSP-1(19) mouse monoclonal antibody 12.8, which inhibits erythrocyte invasion by merozoites. However, the human Fab fragment with the highest affinity did not inhibit in vitro growth of P. falciparum. This is the first report of gene analysis and bacterial expression of human monoclonal antibodies to P. falciparum MSP-1(19). The combinatorial immunoglobulin gene library derived from malaria patients provides a potential tool for producing high-affinity human antibodies specific for P. falciparum.     

Production and Characterization of a Human Recombinant Monoclonal Fab Fragment Specific for Influenza A Viruses

A human recombinant monoclonal Fab fragment that specifically recognizes all the influenza A virus strains tested was produced in transformed Escherichia coli using the phage display technique. No strain of influenza B virus reacted with it. It was purified after four cycles of panning and by a single passage through an immunoaffinity column. About 1 mg of pure monoclonal antibody was obtained from 1 liter of culture medium in 3 working days. The Fab fragment reacted with a viral 27-kDa protein, which could reasonably be a matrix protein. Indirect immunofluorescence tests performed on virus-infected MDCK cells showed that this Fab fragment was at least equally efficient as other commercial monoclonal antibody-based systems in detecting influenza A viral infections. The potential advantages of human recombinant Fabs on murine monoclonal antibodies are discussed.