Phase I trial of carboplatin and weekly paclitaxel in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel administered weekly in combination with carboplatin and to assess its dose limiting toxicity and preliminary activity in patients with previously untreated, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: Carboplatin was administered at a fixed dose that maintained an area under the curve of 6. Paclitaxel was given over 1 h once a week for 3 weeks starting at 60 mg/m(2) and escalated in 10 mg/m(2) increments. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were treated with six dose levels (60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 mg/m(2)) of paclitaxel. The dose limiting toxicity was infection and the maximum tolerated dose was 110 mg/m(2). Nine of 21 (42.9%) patients demonstrated a therapeutic response. CONCLUSION: Weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin were well tolerated. Based on our results, 100 mg/m(2) of paclitaxel for 3 weeks of a 4-week cycle, in combination with carboplatin, was recommended for a phase II study.     

Preclinical and clinical evaluation of four gemcitabine plus carboplatin schedules as front-line treatment for stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: To explore the activity and tolerability of gemcitabine (GEM) and carboplatin (CBDCA) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) we tested four administration sequences on H460 NSCLC cells, and at the same time performed a randomized phase II trial using analogous schedules. PATIENTS AND METHODS: GEM was given first in two in vitro sequences, and CBDCA first in the other two; interaction was quantified calculating a combination index. Eighty-eight chemotherapy-na?ve, stage IV NSCLC patients were randomly assigned to receive either: GEM (1000 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 and CBDCA (AUC 5 mg.min/ml) on day 1, 4 h before GEM (arm A); same as arm A except CBDCA given 4 h after GEM (arm B); GEM on days 1 and 8 and CBDCA on day 2 (arm C); GEM on days 2 and 9 and CBDCA on day 1 (arm D). Courses were repeated every 21 days. RESULTS: In the preclinical study, CBDCA given before GEM produced a synergistic cytotoxic effect. Two complete and 29 partial responses occurred in 86 of 88 treated patients (intention-to-treat analysis 35%; 95% confidence interval 25.5% to 46.8%). One- and 2-year survivals were 44% and 11%, respectively. Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 11%; grade 3/4 neutropenia in 17%; and non-hematological toxicity was insignificant. Median survival was 11 months (range 7-18+), but better in patients receiving CBDCA first (arms A and D) (13 versus 9 months) than in patients receiving GEM first (arms B and C). The response was greater (50% versus 31%) in arm A than in the other arms. CONCLUSIONS: The CBDCA/GEM combination is safe and active against stage IV NSCLC. Our preclinical and clinical findings suggest that administration of CBDCA before GEM gives the better outcome.     

A randomised phase II trial of docetaxel vs docetaxel and irinotecan in patients with stage IIIb-IV non-small-cell lung cancer who failed first-line treatment

Response rate and toxicity of second-line therapy with docetaxel (75 mg m(-2)) or docetaxel, irinotecan, and lenogastrim (60 mg m(-2), 200 mg m(-2), and 150 microg m(-2) day(-1), respectively) were compared in 108 patients with stage IIIb-IV non-small-cell lung cancer. Addition of irinotecan to docetaxel does not improve response rate, and increases gastrointestinal toxicity.     

First-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with docetaxel and cisplatin: A multicenter phase II study

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the docetaxel-cisplatin combination in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and methods: Chemotherapy-naïve patients with histologically confirmed, measurable stage IIIB or IV NSCLC, a World Health Organization (WHO) performance status of 0–2 and adequate bone marrow, renal, hepatic and cardiac function were eligible for the study. Patients received docetaxel (100 mg/m²) as an one-hour infusion on day 1 and cisplatin (80 mg/m²) as a 30-min infusion with appropriate hydration on day 2. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; 150 µg/m² , SC) was given on days 3 to 13. Treatment was repeated every three weeks.Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled (28 with stage IIIB and 25 with stage IV). One complete and 23 partial responses were observed (overall response rate (OR): 45%; 95% CI: 34.1%–61.8%). The response rate was 57% and 32% in patients with stages IIIB and IV disease (P = NS). The median time to progression was 36 weeks and the median survival 48 weeks; the one-year survival was 48%. Grade 3–4 neutropenia occurred in 23 patients, 15 of whom were hospitalized for neutropenic fever; two patients died of sepsis. Grade 2 neurotoxicity was observed in six patients and grade 3 in five patients; grade 3 fatigue occurred in seven patients, grade 3–4 mucositis in four patients and grade 3–4 diarrhea in six patients. Mild allergic reactions and oedema were observed in five and four patients, respectively. The median dose intensity was 30 mg/m² /week for docetaxel and 24 mg/m² /week for cisplatin, corresponding to 91% and 89% of the specified protocol doses, respectively.Conclusions: The docetaxel–cisplatin combination is an active regimen in advanced NSCLC, but hematologic toxicity remains high despite the prophylactic use of G-CSF.     

国产多西紫杉醇治疗非小细胞肺癌的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的 :评价国产多西紫杉醇 (艾素 ,江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司产品 )单用以及艾素 +顺铂联合化疗方案对非小细胞肺的临床疗效和安全性 ,并以进口多西紫杉醇 (泰索帝 ,安万特公司产品 ) +顺铂联合化疗方案作对照。方法 :患者随机分入艾素单用组 (A组 ) :艾素 75mg/m2 ;艾素 +顺铂组 (B组 ) :艾素 75mg/m2 +顺铂 75mg/m2 ;泰索帝 +顺铂组 (C组 ) :泰索帝 75mg/m2 +顺铂 75mg/m2 ;3组均为每 3周重复。结果 :入组的 115例中 10 4例可评价疗效 ,A、B和C组有效率分别为 8 10 %、2 3 5 3%、2 7 2 7%。B和C组有效率相似。不良反应主要有中性粒细胞减少、贫血、粒细胞减少性发热、其他发热、脱发、恶心呕吐和乏力。C组中性粒细胞减少的发生率高于B组 ,两组间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。其余不良反应两组相似。结论 :国产多西紫杉醇 (艾素 ) +顺铂与进口多西紫杉醇 (泰索帝 ) +顺铂两联合化疗方案相似 ,对非小细胞肺癌有一定疗效 ,且毒性可耐受。     

Docetaxel and carboplatin is an active regimen in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase II study in Caucasian and Asian patients.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to report response rates, survival and toxicity in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following docetaxel and carboplatin, and to explore potential differences in these end points between Caucasian and Asian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-eight patients of good performance status with Stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were entered on a phase II study at three sites in Australia and Singapore. Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC 6 were given every 3 weeks. Response to treatment and toxicity were graded by standard criteria. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival rates, and subgroups compared by the log-rank test. Cox's proportional hazards regression was used to determine which potentially explanatory variables independently affected the outcome. RESULTS: The response rate was 39% (95% confidence interval 27% to 52%), and 42% in evaluable patients. Response occurred in 65% of Asian and 31% of Caucasian patients (P = 0.01). Ethnicity was the only significant predictor of response in multivariate analysis. The 1-year survival rate was 53%. Performance status (P = 0.021), ethnicity (P = 0.035) and presence of bone or liver metastases (P = 0.011) were independent predictors of overall survival. Neutropenia (grade IV in 73% of patients), febrile neutropenia (26% patients) and diarrhea (grade III/IV in 11% of patients) were the major treatment related toxicities. A high rate (three of six) of febrile neutropenia in Singapore, including one treatment-related death in the initial patients treated, resulted in a reduction in the carboplatin dose to AUC 4.5 at that site. CONCLUSIONS: This regimen is active in advanced NSCLC. The potential impact of ethnicity on efficacy and toxicity of treatment requires further investigation.     

紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的 :研究紫杉醇联合卡铂 (铂尔定 ) (PC方案 )治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和毒副作用。方法 :经病理组织学或细胞学证实的 4 8例非小细胞肺癌患者给予紫杉醇 5 5～ 6 0mg/m2 静滴 ,第 1、8、15天 ,卡铂按浓度 /时间曲线下面积 (AUC) =5给药 ,静滴 ,第 1天。 2 8天为一周期。结果 :全组CR 2例 ,PR 16例 ,NC 2 0例 ,PD 10例 ,总有效率为 37.5 %。其中初治组有效率为 4 6 .4 % (13/2 8) ,有两例CR ;复治组有效率为 2 5 .0 % (5 /2 0 ) ,无CR病例 ,两组差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。毒副反应为骨髓抑制 (白细胞下降及血小板减少 )、恶心 /呕吐和脱发。结论 :紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效较高 ,初治组疗效优于复治组 ,且毒性可耐受。     

Randomised phase II study of cisplatin-etoposide versus infusional carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma.

Background:A randomised phase II study was performed to comparestandard combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin and etoposide withinfusional carboplatin. Patients and methods:One hundred twenty patients with locallyadvanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer or mesothelioma were enrolled.All were chemotherapy-naïve and had a Karnofsky performance status of50. Patients were randomised to either four cycles of bolus therapy ofcisplatin 80 mg/m² day 1, etoposide 120 mg/m² day1–3, or continuous infusion of carboplatin 100/mg/m²/week forsix weeks. Results:No patients on infusional therapy incurred grade3–4 toxicity while in the bolus arm, grade 3 and grade 4 leucopeniaoccurred in 17% and 35% of patients, respectively. Grade 4thrombocytopenia occurred in 8% of patients and there were twoinstances of grade 3 renal toxicity. No responses occurred in the pump arm.Eight of forty-six patients with non-small-cell lung cancer responded totreatment (response rate 17.3%) with two complete responses and sixpartial responses. Only one patient with mesothelioma responded to bolustherapy. There was no difference in survival for the subset of NSCLC patients.Survival for mesothelioma patients in the pump arm was superior but this waslikely to be a result of early deaths in the bolus arm. Conclusions:The pump arm was well-tolerated but not active,whilst combination platinum-based therapy demonstrated activity butsignificantly more toxicity than the pump arm. Further studies of infusionalcarboplatin with this schedule are not warranted.     

A phase I/II study comparing regimen schedules of gemcitabine and docetaxel in Japanese patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: Gemcitabine and docetaxel are non-platinum agents with activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was conducted to determine and evaluate the recommended regimen of gemcitabine-docetaxel and evaluated its efficacy and safety in chemonaive Japanese NSCLC patients. METHODS: In phase I, patients with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were randomized and received either gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 plus docetaxel on day 1 or gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 plus docetaxel on day 8. The recommended regimen was the dose level preceding the maximum tolerated dose; once determined, patients were enrolled in phase II. Efficacy and toxicity were evaluated in all patients. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were enrolled in phase I and six patients were given the recommended regimen; gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus docetaxel 50 mg/m(2) on day 8. An additional 34 patients were enrolled into phase II and administered with the recommended regimen. The response rate was 32.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 20.6-45.6%] overall and 30.0% (95% CI 16.6-46.5%) in patients with the recommended regimen (40 patients). Although grade 3 interstitial pneumonia was observed in two patients (5.0%) who received the recommended regimen, both recovered shortly after steroid treatment. No unexpected events were observed throughout this study. CONCLUSIONS: Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus docetaxel 50 mg/m(2) on day 8 has comparable efficacy and more tolerable toxicities than previously reported platinum-based regimens. These results should be verified by a phase III study.     

多西他赛联合异环磷酰胺方案与多西他赛单药方案二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌

背景与目的：多西他赛（多西紫杉醇．进口药泰索帝．TXT）单药是晚期非小细胞肺癌二线治疗的标准治疗。本研究探讨多西他赛联合异环磷酰胺（IFO）方案与多西他赛单药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和不良反应。方法：随机对照研究56例非小细胞肺癌病例：共设立两组，T组：多西他赛单药方案；TI组：多四他赛联合异环磷酰胺方案。结果：PR：T组6例（23．0%）；TI组7例（23．3％）：NC：T组9例（34．6％）；TI组14例（46．7％）。PD：T组8例（30．8％）；TI组8例（26．7%）：NE：T组3例（11．5％）；TI组1例（3．3％）。两组相比．差异无显著性（P=0．6425）．1年生存率：T组21．2％；TI组22．0％。中位生存期：T组237．0d；TI组226．0d。两组相比。差异无显著性（P=0．8815）。中位肿瘤进展时间：T组157．1d；TI组69．8d：差异有显著统性（P=0．0039）。T组Ⅲ／Ⅳ度血小板减少为53．8％，TI组为16．7％。差异有非常显著性（P=0．0056）。T组Ⅲ／Ⅳ度中性粒细胞减少为65．4％．TI组为33．3％．差异有显著性（P=0．0137）。结论：多西他赛联合异环磷酰胺方案在非小细胞肺癌二线治疗中是安全、有效的。但是与多西他赛单药方案比较。有效率和生存期差异均无显著性。     

A phase II study of single-agent gefitinib as first-line therapy in patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of gefitinib ('IRESSA') in Japanese patients with previously untreated stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This was a multi-institutional phase II study. Thirty-four patients with previously untreated stage IV NSCLC were enrolled between May 2003 and September 2004. Gefitinib was administered orally 250 mg once a day and was continued until there was either disease progression or severe toxicity. Objective tumour response rate was 26.5% (95% confidence interval, 11.7-41.3%). Adverse events were generally mild (National Cancer Institute-Common Toxicity Criteria grade 1 or 2) and consisted mainly of skin rash, fatigue and liver dysfunction. No pulmonary toxicity was observed. The global health status revealed that there was no change in quality of life during the study. This study found that single-agent gefitinib is active and well tolerated in chemo-naive Japanese patients with advanced NSCLC.     

Randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine plus irinotecan or docetaxel in stage IIIB or stage IV NSCLC.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the activity and tolerability of gemcitabine plus irinotecan or docetaxel as first-line chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients with chemotherapy-na?ve stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were randomized to receive gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, plus either irinotecan 100 mg/m2 or docetaxel 40 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. Treatment was administered every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Of the 80 enrolled patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC, 78 were evaluable for activity and safety. Overall response rates, consisting of partial responses, were 12.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4% to 35%] for gemcitabine-irinotecan and 23.1% (95% CI 10% to 42%) for gemcitabine-docetaxel. Median overall survival was 7.95 months (95% CI 5.2-10.2) and 12.8 months (95% CI 7.9-17.1) for gemcitabine-irinotecan and gemcitabine-docetaxel, respectively. The corresponding estimated 1-year survivals were 23% and 51%, respectively. The 2-year survival rate in arm A (gemcitabine-irinotecan) is not currently estimable. The 2-year survival rate for arm B (gemcitabine-docetaxel) is 22% (95% CI 6% to 37%). Both combinations were well tolerated; the most common hematological toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred in 26% of patients in each treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that gemcitabine plus docetaxel or irinotecan is well tolerated in patients with chemotherapy-na?ve advanced NSCLC. The survival data with the combination gemcitabine-docetaxel are promising. Gemcitabine-docetaxel combination therapy may be particularly useful for patients who have experienced toxicities with a platinum regimen or in patients who may be more susceptible to platinum-related toxicity.     

Phase II randomised trial comparing docetaxel given every 3 weeks with weekly schedule as second-line therapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

BACKGROUND: Taxotere (docetaxel) at the dose of 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks is a standard therapy for pretreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of two schedules of docetaxel administration (every 3 weeks versus weekly) in patients with pretreated NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From February 2000 to February 2001, 125 patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC were randomised after failure of a previous platinum-based regimen to receive either docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) administered every 3 weeks (Dq3w) or docetaxel 40 mg/m(2) given weekly for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks of rest (Dqw). Safety evaluations focused on grade 3-4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, nausea-vomiting and asthenia. RESULTS: Patients' characteristics were well balanced between arms. The most common National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC) grade 3-4 toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred in 48.4% of Dq3w patients versus 15.9% of Dqw patients (P=0.001). In addition, febrile neutropenia were observed in 6.5% of patients in Dq3w versus 0% in Dqw. Grade 3-4 asthenia was more frequent in Dqw. Other non-haematological toxicities were very rare. Regarding efficacy, there was a trend towards a better disease control rate in Dq3w: 32.2% versus 25.4% in Dqw. Median time to progression and survival were rather similar in both arms, respectively: 2.1 months (range 2-3.2) and 5.8 months (range 4.0-7.0) in Dq3w and 1.8 months (range 1.6-2.3) and 5.5 months (range 3.7-6.6) in Dqw. CONCLUSIONS: While both schedules had a favourable safety profile, a significant lower rate of severe neutropenia was observed in the weekly arm. Both regimens had similar efficacy. The weekly regimen could be considered as a good alternative for patients at risk of severe neutropenia.     

健择、卡铂联合治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的 观察健择、卡铂联合治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒性。方法 对50例Ⅲb-Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者采用随机、双盲方法分为治疗组25例，对照组25例，治疗组采用健择1000mg/m^2第1、8天静脉滴注，卡铂300mg／m^2第1天静脉滴注，4周为一周期；对照组足叶乙甙0．1／m^2第1、2、3天静脉滴注，卡铂300mg／m^2第1天静脉滴注，3周为1周期；2周期后评价疗效。结果 治疗组25例可评价疗效，完全缓解6例，部分缓解8例，总有效率56％，中位缓解期3．8月；对照组25例可评价疗效，完全缓解2例，部分缓解7例，有效率36％。结论 健择、卡铂联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌效果较好。     

多西他赛和吉西他滨协同放疗增敏对老年非小细胞肺癌近期疗效观察

目的 观察三维适形放疗分别联合多西他赛、吉西他滨治疗老年非小细胞肺癌的疗效及不良反应.方法 将106例经病理学或细胞学证实的老年非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为多西他赛组和吉西他滨组;所有入组患者均先给予2个周期诱导化疗,多西他赛20～25mg/m2,dl、8、15、28大重复;吉西他滨800mg/m2,d1、8、15、28天...     

Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and docetaxel in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an induction chemoradiotherapy regimen followed by surgery in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). A total of 22 patients with LA-NSCLC were treated with induction chemoradiotherapy consisting of cisplatin (40 mg m(-2)) and docetaxel (40 mg m(-2)) given on days 1, 8, 29 and 36 plus concurrent thoracic irradiation at a dose of 40-60 Gy (2 Gy fraction(-1) day(-1)). Surgical resection was performed within 6 weeks after completion of induction therapy. Objective response to the induction therapy was obtained in 16 patients (73%). In all, 20 patients (91%) underwent surgery and complete resection was achieved in 19 patients (86%). Pathological downstaging and pathological complete response were obtained in 14 (64%) and five (23%) patients, respectively. With a median follow-up period of 32 months, the calculated 3-year overall and progression-free survival rates were 66 and 61%, respectively. It is noteworthy that the 3-year overall survival rate in 14 patients achieving pathological downstaging was extremely high (93%). Toxicity was manageable with standard approaches. No treatment-related deaths occurred. This combined modality treatment is feasible and highly effective in patients with LA-NSCLC. The results warrant further large-scale study to confirm the effectiveness of this regimen.     

A phase II study of weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin in previously untreated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Purpose: Both paclitaxel (P) and carboplatin (C) have a significant activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Weekly administration of P is active, is dose intense, and has a favorable toxicity profile. To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of weekly P and C in advanced-stage NSCLC, we initiated this phase II study in patients with advanced NSCLC (III B with pleural effusion and stage IV). Patients and Methods: Eligible patients were treated with paclitaxel 100 mg/m² intravenously (iv) over 1 h followed by carboplatin AUC 2 iv over 30 min. This treatment was administered weekly for 3 of every 4 wk until disease progression or intolerable toxicities. Results: Of the 30 patients enrolled in the study, one patient did not meet the eligibility criteria. Of the remaining 29 patients, 6 did not complete at least two cycles of treatment and hence were not assessable for response. The overall response rate was 43.5% (10/23) (all partial responses). An additional 43.5% had stable disease. The median time to progression was 162 d and the median duration of response was 169 d. Overall survival at 1 yr on intent-to-treat analyses was 44% and median survival was 10.8 mo. We observed the following grade 3/4 toxicities: hypersensitivity to paclitaxel (13%), hypersensitivity to carboplatin (3%), neutropenia (31%), thrombocytopenia (7%); 31% experienced grade 1 neuropathy and 17% experienced grade 2 neuropathy. Conclusions: We conclude that weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin is active and very well tolerated in patients with advanced NSCLC.     

Vinorelbine alternating oral and intravenous plus carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a multicentre phase II study.

BACKGROUND: Vinorelbine and carboplatin are both active agents in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Vinorelbine has recently been developed in an oral formulation, which is as active as the intravenous (i.v.) form. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-two chemonaive patients with unresectable localised or metastatic NSCLC received i.v. vinorelbine 25 mg/m(2) plus carboplatin (AUC 5) on day 1 and oral vinorelbine 60 mg/m(2) on day 8 (or day 15 if neutrophils <1500/mm(3)) every 3 weeks in an open-label, multicentre phase II study. RESULTS: A total of 224 cycles were given, with the median number per patient of four (range one to eight). Eight responses out of 52 enrolled patients were documented and validated by an independent panel review, yielding a response rate of 18.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.8-29.6%] in the evaluable population. This response rate was balanced by a high rate of disease control (78.9% in the intention-to treat population and 90.9% in the evaluable population). The median progression-free and median survival were 5.1 months (95% CI 4.3-8.1) and 9.3 months (95% CI 6.8-11.4), respectively. Overall, the safety profile of the combination regimen alternating i.v. and oral vinorelbine appeared similar to that expected for each individual agent. Some lung cancer-specific items (pain, dyspnoea) improved or were stabilised by assessment using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of carboplatin with an alternating regimen of i.v./oral vinorelbine is a well tolerated regimen with a low level of toxicity and a low rate of serious adverse events. A high rate of disease control (partial response + no change) was achieved. Progression-free survival and overall survival fell within the expected range. This regimen is convenient and safe for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients.     

Randomised phase II study of docetaxel/cisplatin vs docetaxel/irinotecan in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a West Japan Thoracic Oncology Group Study (WJTOG9803)

Docetaxel plus cisplatin and docetaxel plus irinotecan are active and well-tolerated chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A randomised phase II study compared their efficacy and toxicity in 108 patients with stage IIIb/IV NSCLC, who were randomised to receive docetaxel 60 mg m(-2) and cisplatin 80 mg m(-2) on day 1 (DC; n=51), or docetaxel 60 mg m(-2) on day 8 and irinotecan 60 mg m(-2) on day 1 and 8 (DI; n=57) every 3 weeks. Response rates were 37% for DC and 32% for DI patients. Median survival times and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 50 weeks (95% confidence interval: 34-78 weeks), 47 and 25% for DC, and 46 weeks (95% confidence interval: 37-54 weeks), 40 and 18% for DI, respectively. The progression-free survival time was 20 weeks (95% confidence interval: 14-25 weeks) with DC and 18 (95% confidence interval: 12-22 weeks) with DI. Significantly more DI than DC patients had grade 4 leucopenia and neutropenia (P<0.01); more DC patients had grade >/=2 thrombocytopenia (P<0.01). Nausea and vomiting was more pronounced with DC (P<0.01); diarrhoea was more common with DI (P=0.01). Three treatment-related deaths occurred in DC patients. In conclusion, although the DI and DC regimens had different toxicity profiles, there was no significant difference in survival.     

Impact of KRAS codon subtypes from a randomised phase II trial of selumetinib plus docetaxel in KRAS mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Background:

Selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886)+docetaxel increases median overall survival (OS) and significantly improves progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) compared with docetaxel alone in patients with KRAS mutant, stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC; {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT00890825","term_id":"NCT00890825"}}NCT00890825).

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of OS, PFS, ORR and change in tumour size at week 6 for different sub-populations of KRAS codon mutations.

Results:

In patients receiving selumetinib+docetaxel and harbouring KRAS G12C or G12V mutations there were trends towards greater improvement in OS, PFS and ORR compared with other KRAS mutations.

Conclusion:

Different KRAS mutations in NSCLC may influence selumetinib/docetaxel sensitivity.