系统性红斑狼疮患者树突状细胞亚型绝对数及与疾病活动程度相关性研究

目的:检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血中树突状细胞亚型绝对数,分析其与疾病活动程度的相关性。方法:荧光染色标记DC,流式细胞仪检测分析DC亚型绝对数,并分析与SLEDAI、dsDNA、C3、C4的相关性。结果:SLE患者外周血MDC(13630.50±2548.55)和PDC(9196.29±1837.75)较正常对照组(15859.18±2550.55和11362.5±2100.14)明显降低(P<0.05)。静止期MDC和PDC(14503.06±2165.74和9564.75±1748.62)较对照组无明显下降,活动期组两DC亚型(12466.33±2600.32和8514.67±1918.73)较对照组下降明显(P<0.01)。SLE患者外周血MDC和PDC与SLEDAI、dsDNA明显负相关(P<0.01),与C3、C4呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:DC参与疾病的发生,其绝对数可反映SLE疾病活动程度。     

尿道下裂患儿肤纹分析

本组对31例尿道下裂患儿手部进行肤纹分析,与国内正常值比较有显著差异的是:A~t频率高(1.29%±0.11,正常0.29%±0.07);W~d频平高(9.35%±0.29,正常5.42%±0.31),食指A频率高(9.68%,正常2.70%),环指W~d频率高(8.07%,正常2.85%);小指W频率高(51.61%,正常33.80%);相似文献   

淋巴瘤患者外周血TCRVα24+Vβ11+自然杀伤T细胞体外活化特性研究

目的： 研究淋巴瘤患者外周血TCRVα24+Vβ11+自然杀伤T（NKT）细胞的数量以及体外活化后的功能状态，与正常人外周血NKT细胞的数量及功能状态进行比较。方法: 制备30例淋巴瘤患者和30例年龄及性别匹配的正常对照外周血单个核细胞（PBMNCs），以流式细胞术（FACS）检测TCRVα24+Vβ11+NKT细胞数量，以α-半乳糖神经酰胺（α-Galcer）及白细胞介素-2（IL-2）从PBMNCs中扩增活化NKT细胞，采用细胞内细胞因子流式细胞术检测手段，测定NKT细胞中胞内白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）阳性细胞的比例。结果: 淋巴瘤患者与正常对照PBMNCs中TCRVα24+Vβ11+NKT细胞的细胞比率分别为0.17%±0.10%、0.28%±0.18%(P<0.05)。PBMNCs培养体系中加入α-Galcer及IL-2，将NKT细胞扩增活化7d后，淋巴瘤患者与正常对照的NKT细胞的扩增倍数分别为101.37±44.61、129.66±56.31(P<0.05)。扩增活化后，淋巴瘤患者与正常对照的NKT细胞中胞内细胞因子IFN-γ阳性细胞的比例分别为41.96%±15.06%、52.48%±18.85%(P<0.05)；TNF-α阳性细胞的比例分别为46.30%±16.03%、71.37%±17.28%(P<0.05)；IL-4阳性细胞的比例分别为36.19%±11.74%、33.12%±12.95%(P>0.05)。不同病理分型及分期的淋巴瘤患者之间上述各指标无显著差异。结论: 淋巴瘤患者外周血TCRVα24+Vβ11+NKT细胞数量较正常对照明显减少，经α-Galcer扩增活化后扩增倍数较正常对照降低，分泌细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α的功能较正常降低，此数量及功能的降低与淋巴瘤的分型及分期无关。但其仍保持有对α-Galcer刺激后的扩增活化反应能力。     

妊娠子宫微环境中uNK细胞NKG2A和NKG2D及其配体表达的研究

目的：研究妊娠子宫微环境中子宫自然杀伤细胞（uNK细胞）NKG2A和NKG2D及其相应配体的表达，探讨NKG2A与NKG2D的不平衡表达在母胎免疫耐受形成中的作用。方法：选择30例孕6-9周的正常妊娠妇女,分离其新鲜蜕膜组织，除去绒毛,分离蜕膜和外周血单个核细胞，采用流式细胞仪测定NK细胞的数量及NKG2A与NKG2D的表达；采用RT-PCR技术检测滋养层组织NKG2A与NKG2D配体人类白细胞抗原-E(HLA-E)、主要组织相容性复合体-Ⅰ类分子相关蛋白A(MICA)mRNA的表达结果：妊娠子宫蜕膜淋巴细胞中NK细胞约占70%,流式细胞分析的结果显示，子宫自然杀伤细胞NKG2A的表达显著高于外周血NK细胞，分别为97.86%±1.75%与33.35%±10.92%（〖AKx-D〗±s），两者差异显著（P<0.05），在滋养层细胞中检测到其配体HLA-E的表达；而与外周血相比，uNK细胞表面NKG2D的表达与之较为相近，分别为93.21%±4.52%与97.80%±1.72%，但两者仍有显著差异（P<0.05）。在滋养层组织未检测到其相应配体MICA mRNA的表达结论：蜕膜中的淋巴细胞主要为NK细胞，其免疫学表型与外周血NK细胞有较大的区别，妊娠期子宫自然杀伤细胞表面高表达抑制性受体NKG2A，同时滋养层组织表达相应的配体人类白细胞抗原-E，这可能是维持母胎界面免疫耐受的重要因素。     

糖皮质激素吸入对哮喘患儿外周血CD4+CD25+ 调节性T细胞水平的影响

目的： 探讨糖皮质激素吸入对哮喘患儿外周血CD4+CD25+ 调节性T细胞（Tr）水平的影响。方法：采用糖皮质激素吸入治疗70例发作期哮喘患儿,应用流式细胞术检测患儿外周血的Tr细胞数。结果：糖皮质激素规则治疗后患儿外周血CD4+CD25+Tr水平（7.05%±1.61%）明显高于治疗前（5.62%±1.29%）,P<0.01。完全控制组患儿外周血CD4+CD25+Tr水平最高（7.56%±1.88%）,部分控制组患儿次之（7.09%±1.23%）,控制不佳组患儿最低（6.11%±1.96%）,差异均显著,P<0.05。经激素规则治疗的患儿外周血Tr水平（7.05%±1.61%）明显高于不规则治疗组患儿（5.91%±1.76%）,P<0.01。结论：规则使用糖皮质激素吸入疗法可明显提高哮喘患儿外周血Tr水平,Tr水平与哮喘的激素治疗效果有关。     

喜树碱诱导Jurkat细胞线粒体膜电势和线粒体质量变化的研究

目的： 研究喜树碱（camptothecin，CPT）诱导Jurkat细胞凋亡过程中线粒体膜电势和线粒体质量的变化。 方法： 用喜树碱处理Jurkat细胞，利用Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术研究细胞早期凋亡, PI染色流式细胞术测细胞周期, Annexin V-PE/DiOC6(3) 双染流式细胞术检测线粒体膜电势（△ψm），NAO染色流式细胞术检测线粒体质量。 结果： 在10 μmol·L-1 CPT诱导下，6 h 时Jurkat 细胞早期凋亡的细胞比率（22.59±1.04）%显著高于对照组（3.93±0.73）%（P<0.01）。CPT组坏死比率（2.48±0.53）%与对照组（2.78±0.63）%无显著差异（P>0.05）；并可使细胞出现明显的凋亡峰。晚期凋亡的细胞比率为（13.58±0.97）%显著高于对照组（3.18±0.51）%（P<0.01），CPT组G0/G1期细胞比率（48.14±0.96）% ，明显高于对照组（44.09±0.43）%（P<0.01）。CPT组线粒体发生明显去极化现象，AnnexinV+DiOC6(3)-的细胞比率为（19.47±0.69）%，而对照组比率为（4.21±0.40）%，差异显著（P<0.01）。同时，CPT组线粒体质量显著低于对照组：CPT组NAO+细胞比率为（74.77±1.66）%，对照组为（92.24±1.41）%（P<0.01）。 结论： CPT诱导Jurkat细胞凋亡过程中线粒体去极化作用增强并且线粒体质量下降，表明该凋亡过程与线粒体途径密切相关。     

重组人CD40配体对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞生长特性的影响

目的： 观察重组人CD40配体（rhCD40L）对卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3增殖、表面抗原变化、细胞周期、凋亡相关基因及肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子( TRAFs)的影响。 方法： 在体外将SKOV3细胞与不同浓度的rhCD40L作用72 h后MTT法测定细胞增殖；直接免疫荧光标记流式细胞术测定细胞表面抗原及TRAFs变化，RT-PCR法测定凋亡相关基因c-myc、bcl-2、bcl-xl的表达程度，并用Annexin V和PI双标记测定细胞凋亡水平。 结果： rhCD40L在100 μg/L的低剂量时即可抑制SKOV3细胞增殖（0.65±0.10 vs 0.81±0.05），其作用随着rhCD40L浓度的增加而加强，10 mg/L时抑制率达（0.13±0.12 vs 0.83±0.15，P＜0.01），呈明显的浓度相关性，并使细胞分裂阻滞于G1期；rhCD40L可上调SKOV3细胞CD95的表达（42.4% vs 59.2%, P＜0.05），下调抗凋亡基因bcl-2和bcl-xl的表达，促进其凋亡；SKOV3细胞高表达TRAF2（81.3%±9.2%）、TRAF5（47.2%±7.2%）和TRAF6（44.5%±6.3%），rhCD40L可显着下调TRAF2（50.4%±5.3%，P＜0.05）、TRAF5（7.2%±2.1%，P＜0.01）和TRAF6（5.1%±1.1%，P＜0.01）表达，而上调TRAF3（25.2%±6.2% vs 68.8%±5.3%，P＜0.01）表达，对TRAF1（4.3%±1.2% vs 5.1%±1.4%）和4（7.4%±1.2% vs 8.1%±1.4%）的表达则无作用。 结论： rhCD40L通过下调bcl-2和bcl-xl基因表达，并改变细胞内TRAFs表达，使SKOV3细胞的增殖受阻滞于G1期，并促进其凋亡。     

清髓性和非清髓性干细胞移植后树突状细胞亚群的动态观察

探讨不同预处理方法移植后树突状细胞亚群早期重建情况。采用三色流式细胞仪动态检测不同移植方法后早期患者外周血树突状细胞亚群DC1(Lin-HLA-DR+CD11c+)、DC2(Lin-HLA-DR+CD123+)水平。结果:清髓性干细胞移植组包括同胞全相合干细胞移植和HLA半相合移植,移植后14dDC1分别为0.093%±0.091%,0.090%±0.064%,DC2为0.056%±0.026%,0.130%±0.036%,二者差别无统计意义。非清髓性干细胞移植组移植后14dDC1为0.223%±0.084%,DC2为0.360%±0.023%,非清髓性干细胞组DC1、DC2略低于正常对照组,和清髓性移植组相比,非清髓性干细胞组明显增高,P<0.05,二者差别有统计学意义。移植前的预处理方案强度影响树突状细胞亚群重建。     

恶性肿瘤患者CD4+CD25+/CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞的研究

目的：探讨恶性肿瘤患者外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋/CD4^＋CD25^high调节性T细胞（Regulatory T cell，Treg）水平的特点及其临床意义。方法：采用流式细胞术检测Treg水平，并进行分层分析。结果：62例恶性肿瘤患者外周血中CD4^＋CD25^＋/CD4^＋CD25^high Treg占T细胞的百分比分别为19.61%±8.17%和4.20%±1.90%，高于正常对照组（分别为P〈0.05和P〈0.001），它们与NK细胞呈负相关（r分别为-0.2361和-0.306）。随疾病进展，CD4^＋ CD25^＋Treg水平升高，肿瘤进展期（IV期）与前3期比较有极显著差异（P〈0.001）。CD4^＋CD25^high Treg占CD4＋T细胞的百分比率逐渐升高，中期（Ⅲ期）患者与早期患者、正常对照组比较有极显著差异（P〈0.001）；晚期患者与中期患者比较有极显著差异（P〈0.001）。结论：恶性肿瘤患者外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋/CD4^＋CD25^high Treg水平的升高，与恶性肿瘤免疫功能低下及肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。     

重症肌无力患者外周血中CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞的变化及意义

研究CD4 + CD2 5 + 调节性T细胞在重症肌无力 (MG )发病中的作用。本文采用三色流式细胞术对 2 9例MG患者和 2 3例健康对照者外周血中CD4 + CD2 5 + T细胞 (CD3+ CD4 + CD2 5 + )的百分率进行测定。结果显示病情未能很好控制的MG患者外周血CD4 + CD2 5 + T细胞比率略低于健康对照组 (分别为 3 79%± 1 4 0 %、 4 5 3%± 0 96 % ,P =0 12 ) ,病情稳定或缓解的MG患者CD4 + CD2 5 + T细胞比率 (8 4 5 %± 1 96 % )显著高于健康对照组 (P =0 0 0 0 1) ;胸腺切除的MG患者CD4 + CD2 5 + T细胞比率 (8 4 4 %± 2 39% )显著高于非胸腺切除的MG患者 (5 88%± 2 89% ,P =0 0 38)和健康对照组 (4 5 3%± 0 96 % ,P =0 0 0 3)。提示MG患者外周血中存在异常比例的CD4 + CD2 5 + 调节性T细胞 ,可能参与疾病的发生与发展。     

Frequencies of dendritic cells (myeloid DC and plasmacytoid DC) and their ratio reduced in pregnant women: comparison with umbilical cord blood and normal healthy adults

CD11c⁺ peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells (MDC), and CD123^bright plasmacytoid cells (PDC), are two human dendritic cell (DC) populations. In the present study, the percentages of MDC [lin⁻/HLA-DR⁺/CD123⁻/CD11c⁺] and PDC [lin⁻/HLA-DR⁺/CD123^bright] in a peripheral blood (PB) sample obtained from women at the time of delivery and in their umbilical cord blood (UCB) were compared with those in the PB of healthy volunteers. The percentages of MDC and PDC were determined by four-color flow cytometry. The percentages of MDC and PDC were significantly lower in the PB obtained at delivery (MDC, 0.11% ± 0.08%; PDC, 0.06% ± 0.06%) and in the UCB (MDC, 0.15% ± 0.03%; PDC, 0.05% ± 0.05%) than in the PB of the controls (males, 0.28% ± 0.12%, 0.11% ± 0.06%; females, 0.32% ± 0.13%, 0.11% ± 0.07%). Among the pregnant women at delivery, there were significant correlations between the percentage of MDC or percentage of PDC in the PB at delivery and the respective parameter in the UCB. The PB of other pregnant women, at 20–35 weeks of gestational age, also indicated significantly low percentages of MDC and PDC (0.1% ± 0.1%, 0.06% ± 0.07%). The ratio of MDC/PDC was not reduced in the UCB (4.25 ± 2.74), but was reduced in the PB obtained at delivery and the PB obtained during pregnancy (0.79 ± 0.91) in comparison with that in age-matched, nonpregnant females (3.96 ± 2.95). It was assumed that reduction of MDC during pregnancy plays an important role in maintaining immune tolerance against the embryo.     

自发性流产小鼠模型主动脉旁淋巴结CD45+CD86+细胞亚群分析

目的：检测主动脉旁淋巴结(PLN)CD45+CD86+细胞，用于间接分析小鼠母-胎界面局部免疫状况。 方法： CBA/J×DBA/2、未孕CBA/J雌鼠和CBA/J×BALB/c小鼠分别作为自发性流产模型（A组）、未孕对照（N组）和生育力正常对照（F组）。采用流式细胞术检测CD45+CD86+细胞在CD45+细胞中的百分率（简称CD45+CD86+百分率）和这些细胞的绝对数，其中单个核细胞从孕5.5、9.5和13.5 d小鼠PLN和孕13.5 d胎盘分离获得。为鉴定CD86+细胞所属类型，采用CD3、CD19和DX5分别作为T细胞、B细胞和NK细胞特异性标志物进行流式细胞检测。 结果： A组胚胎吸收率和绝对数(29.3%, 1.8±1.0)均显著高于F组(4.8%, 0.3±0.5, P<0.01)。相应地，A组孕13.5 d PLN CD45+CD86+细胞百分率和绝对数也均显著高于F组(分别为27.5%±14.0% vs 12.3%±7.1%和1 362±687 vs 615±353, P<0.01)。未孕CBA/J雌鼠PLN CD45+CD86+百分率为7.5%，与孕5.5 d A组小鼠相近(10.6%)，至孕9.5 d时显著升高至23.9%(与未孕鼠相比，P<0.01；与孕5.5 d小鼠相比，P<0.05)，并保持高水平直至13.5 d(27.5%)。相反，在CBA/J×BALB/c小鼠孕期未观察到这种趋势。 结论： CBA/J×DBA/2小鼠流产开始发生于孕9.5 d，此时CD45+CD86+细胞数增多，提示这些细胞与胚胎吸收相关。从PLN中分离淋巴细胞进行表型分析，有助于间接评价母-胎界面局部免疫状况。     

Comparison of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Measurements by Radioimmunoassay and In Vitro Bioassay

ABSTRACT: A sensitive, accurate, and reproducible in vitro bioassay was developed for measuring human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), based on testosterone production by collagenase-dispersed interstitial cells of rat testes in response to hCG. The results were compared to those obtained by established beta hCG radioimmunoassay. The assay sensitivity was 25 pg hCG-CR119/ml (65 μIU second IRP/ml). The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 8.8%, and the interassay CV was 13% and 33% in the high and low ranges of the standard curve, respectively. hCG recoveries were 89.6 ± 3.12% (SE, n = 12). The pattern of serum bio-hCG followed established patterns of immuno-hCG, with the highest level measured during the first trimester (mean, 52,600 ± 7,250 SE (mIU/ml, n = 11), decreasing thereafter to a mean value of 7,400 ± 1,500 mIU/ml at term. The mean ratio of the bio/immunoactivity was consistently greater than one and did not significantly change at the various stages of pregnancy, or between normal and molar pregnancies (first trimester, 1.75 ± 0.12 SE; mid-trimester, 1.46 ± 0.12; term, 1.50 ± 0.09; molar, 1.55 + 0.2). When serum bioactive and immunoactive hCG were measured in a woman at five weeks of pregnancy, an episodic secretion of hCG was obtained by both assays.     

CHOP/GADD153在血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导心肌细胞凋亡中的表达及作用

目的： 离体观察CHOP/GADD 153蛋白表达变化与血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)诱导的心肌细胞凋亡的关系，并探讨CHOP/GADD 153反义寡核苷酸抗凋亡作用。方法: 对体外培养的乳鼠心肌细胞，单用AngⅡ刺激或预加不同浓度CHOP/GADD 153反义寡核苷酸干预后，再加入AngⅡ刺激。用MTT法检测细胞活力，乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测试剂盒测定培养上清液中LDH含量，Annexin V流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率，Western blotting法检测CHOP/GADD 153、Bcl-2及Bax表达变化。结果: AngⅡ组,心肌细胞CHOP/GADD 153表达(0.75±0.06)显著高于对照组(0.20±0.02)，P<0.01；心肌细胞活性(66.32±2.09)%显著低于对照组(100.00±0.00)%，P<0.05；培养上清液中LDH含量(79.36±5.69)U/L显著高于对照组(20.23±2.83)U/L；细胞凋亡率(16.62±2.09)%显著高于对照组(3.33±0.28)%，P<0.05；Bcl-2表达(0.44±0.05) 显著低于对照组(0.73±0.05),P<0.01；Bax表达(0.90±0.10) 显著高于对照组(0.69±0.08),P<0.01；Bax/Bcl-2比值(2.00±0.22)显著高于对照组 (0.93±0.09),P<0.01。预加CHOP/GADD153反义寡核苷酸干预，可显著逆转AngⅡ的以上作用，虽对Bax 蛋白表达无显著影响，但对照组Bax/Bcl-2的比值显著低于AngⅡ组 (P<0.01)，而错义寡核苷酸无此效应。脂质体组与对照组无显著差异。结论: CHOP/GADD153表达升高可能是AngⅡ诱导的心肌细胞凋亡机制之一，CHOP/GADD153反义寡核苷酸能抑制AngⅡ诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。     

Reciprocal regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and monocytes during viral infection.

Reciprocal regulation of opposing functions characterizes biological systems. We now show that adenovirus-infected plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) inhibit monocyte to myeloid dendritic cell (MDC) differentiation and function, and that adenovirus-infected monocytes inhibit PDC type I interferon secretion. Adenovirus-infected PDC secreted IFN-alpha, beta and omega in an 86:2:1 ratio. PDC type I interferons inhibited MDC differentiation and function (reduced IL-12 secretion, IFN-gamma induction, MLR and CD40 expression, and increased CD1a(+)CD14(+) cells). Type I interferon receptor blocking antibody reversed all PDC effects, and recombinant IFN-alpha, beta or omega replicated all effects, except reduced CD40. Adenovirus-infected monocytes suppressed PDC type I interferon secretion, which was reversed with anti-IL-10 neutralizing antibodies. Exogenous IL-10 suppressed PDC type I interferon secretion without reducing PDC viability. Therefore, monocyte IL-10 regulates PDC type I interferon secretion, and PDC type I interferons inhibit MDC differentiation and function. Such reciprocal regulation of potentially opposing influences may help modulate anti-pathogen immunity.     

Immunomagnetic selection of functional dendritic cells from human lymph nodes

It was investigated whether positive immunomagnetic selection with two novel DC-specific mAb allowed purification of functional myeloid dendritic cells (MDC) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) from the human lymph nodes (LN). The results were compared with enrichment of DC by low-density Nycodenz gradient centrifugation followed by immunomagnetic depletion of residual B- and T-cells (Nycodenz method). MDC were selected from inguinal LN cell suspensions using CD1c mAb and PDC using anti-BDCA-4 mAb. Immunomagnetic selection with anti-CD1c mAb yielded highly pure MDC preparations (90 +/- 3% MDC; n = 7), provided that the B-cells were thoroughly depleted by using CD19 magnetic beads and Large Depletion (LD) columns prior to selection of MDC. The purified MDC comprised both mature and immature cells and were functional, secreting large amounts of cytokines upon stimulation and strongly stimulating allogeneic T-cell proliferation. Immunomagnetic selection with anti-BDCA-4 mAb enriched PDC 70-fold to a purity of 59 +/- 26% (n = 8). The contamination consisted mainly of BDCA-4(+) T- and NK-cells. The previously used Nycodenz method yielded mixtures of MDC and PDC, not allowing functional studies of MDC and PDC separately. In conclusion, positive immunomagnetic selection with CD1c mAb from human LN cell suspensions yields almost pure MDC preparations, which are, in contrast to those obtained by the Nycodenz method, not contaminated with PDC. Moreover, these MDC are functionally intact. Selection with anti-BDCA-4 mAb does enrich PDC from human LN, but the resulting preparations are contaminated with T- and NK-cells.     

Interaction between “mental stress” and baroreceptor reflexes concerning effects on heart rate,mean arterial pressure and renal sympathetic activity in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were compared concerning the interactions between cortico-hypothalamic alerting responses and baroreflex influences on neurogenic cardiovascular control. For this purpose mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were continuously recorded during night time in conscious, otherwise undisturbed rats. Baroreceptor sensitivity was assessed as percentage HR and RSNA reductions per mmHg MAP elevation when a standardized phenylephrine infusion was performed. A state of acute “mental stress” could be induced by a likewise standardized sudden blowing of air. These two opposing influences on neurogenic cardiovascular control were also experimentally superimposed in various ways and the effects on MAP, HR and RSNA followed. During “rest” RSNA was higher in SHR than in WKY and it also increased more during “mental stress”. The baroreflex sensitivity was clearly reduced in SHR and WKY concerning HR reduction (0.44±0.06 vs. 0.78±0.08%/mmHg; p<0.01) but not so concerning RSNA, which was similar in SHR and WKY (2.6±0.2 vs. 2.9±0.4%/mmHg). If expressed (HR + 1±3%; p<0.025 vs. SHR and RSNA + 11%±10, p<0.01 vs. SHR). These results) (0.10±0.02 vs. 0.06±0.01 μV/mmHg; p<0.12). Also single fibre recordings in anaesthetized rats showed the same principle difference between SHR and WKY. Addition of “mental stress” during phenylephrine baroreflex activation clearly increased both HR (24±7%) and RSNA (114±21 %) in SHR, while almost no change then occurred in WKY (HR + 1±3%; p<0.025 vs. SHR and RSNA + 11%±10, p<0.01 vs. SHR). These results suggest that a modestly accentuated cortico-hypothalamic activity ordinarily prevails in SHR, explaining the suppressed baroreflex control of heart rate and the augmented sympathetic activity to e.g. renal and splanchnic areas. Further, environmental alerting stimuli induce in SHR more powerful defence reactions which, unlike the situation in WKY, readily overcome baroreflex inhibitory influences on sympathetic activity.     

心脏糜酶活性改变在心肌肥厚患者心肌纤维化中的意义

目的： 观察心脏糜酶与心肌肥厚患者心肌组织胶原合成和心肌纤维化的关系。方法: 应用病理检查、放射免疫、计算机分析和逆转录-聚合酶链式反应等方法，检测心肌肥厚患者（心肌肥厚组）和正常人（对照组）心脏糜酶活性、心肌局部血管紧张素II（Ang II）水平、心肌胶原容积分数（CVF）、心肌血管周围胶原面积比（PVCA）及心肌组织I型和III型胶原mRNA表达。心脏糜酶活性和心肌局部Ang II水平与CVF及PVCA之间的关系采用相关分析。结果: 心肌肥厚组心脏糜酶活性为(0.27±0.06) kU/g蛋白，对照组为(0.12±0.06) kU/g蛋白，心肌肥厚组心脏糜酶活性明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。心肌肥厚组心肌组织匀浆液Ang II水平为(179.3±36.1) ng/g心肌组织，对照组心肌组织匀浆液Ang II水平为(103.2±13.6) ng/g心肌组织，心肌肥厚组心肌组织Ang II水平明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。心肌肥厚组CVF为39.5%±9.8%，对照组为20.9%±8.2%，心肌肥厚组明显高于对照组（P<0.01）；心肌肥厚组PVCA为1.98±1.05，对照组为0.41±0.12，心肌肥厚组也明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。心肌肥厚患者心肌组织I型胶原及III型胶原mRNA表达相对含量均明显高于正常人（均P<0.01）。心脏糜酶活性与CVF及PVCA呈明显正相关（相关系数分别为0.52和0.69，P<0.05和P<0.01）。心肌局部Ang II水平也与CVF及PVCA呈明显正相关（相关系数分别为0.49和0.58，均P<0.05）。结论: 心脏糜酶可增加胶原的合成，参与细胞外基质的形成和降解，促进心肌纤维化。     

Myeloid and lymphoid dendritic cells in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia

The aim of our study was to estimate the populations of peripheral blood myeloid and lymphoid dendritic cells (CD1c+, BDCA-2+) and the CD1c+ : BDCA-2+ ratio in normal pregnant women and in patients with pre-eclampsia. Fifteen women in the first, second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy, and 25 patients with pre-eclampsia were included in the study. The dendritic cells were isolated from peripheral blood, stained with monoclonal antibodies against blood dendritic cell antigens (anti-CD1c, anti-BDCA-2) and estimated using the flow cytometric method. CD1c+ and BDCA-2+ dendritic cells were present in women during all trimesters of physiological pregnancy and in pre-eclamptic patients. It was observed that the numbers of dendritic cells were significantly lower in the second trimester when compared with the first and third trimesters of normal pregnancy. Furthermore, in the second trimester, CD1c+ : BDCA-2+ ratio was higher than in the other trimesters of physiological pregnancy. All populations of dendritic cells and CD1c+ : BDCA-2+ ratio did not differ in the first and third trimesters of normal pregnancy. The percentage of BDCA-2+ dendritic cells was significantly lower in pre-eclampsia in comparison with healthy women in the third trimester of physiological pregnancy, while CD1c+ : BDCA-2+ ratio was significantly higher in pre-eclamptic patients when compared with control groups. We concluded that dendritic cells may be involved in the immune regulation during physiological pregnancy. CD1c+ and BDCA-2+ cells can influence the Th2 phenomenon which is observed during physiological pregnancy. Furthermore, it seems possible that lower BDCA-2+ cells percentage and higher CD1c+ : BDCA-2+ ratio can be associated with increased Th1-type immunity in patients with pre-eclampsia.