颅内小型动脉瘤破裂危险因素分析

目的 探讨颅内小型动脉瘤破裂的危险因素.方法 回顾分析235例颅内小型动脉瘤患者的病例资料,根据动脉瘤是否破裂分为破裂组(n=177)与未破裂组(n=58).对2组患者的临床资料及瘤体特征进行单因素分析,运用Logistic回归模型分析颅内小型动脉瘤破裂的独立危险因素.结果 2组高血压病史、吸烟史、饮酒史、动脉瘤部位以...     

影响颅内动脉瘤破裂的危险因素分析

【目的】探讨与颅内动脉瘤（IA）破裂相关的危险因素。【方法】回顾性分析167例经数字减影血管造影（DSA）确诊的IA患者资料,分为破裂IA（A组）和未破裂IA（B组）,比较两组动脉瘤的位置、大小以及患者的血压、血糖、颅内血管粥样硬化情况。【结果】位于大脑前、后交通动脉以及左侧椎动脉的动脉瘤在B组所占比例大;两组动脉瘤的平均直径无显著性差异;高血压、颅内血管粥样硬化可能为动脉瘤破裂的高危因素,而血糖对动脉瘤的破裂无明显影响。【结论】IA的破裂可能与动脉瘤的位置及患者的血压、颅内血管粥样硬化有关。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂危险因素的研究进展

颅内动脉瘤是我们生活中常见的脑血管病之一,具有高发病率、高致残率及高致死率的特点。然而,随着影像学技术的广泛应用及提高,越来越多的未破裂颅内动脉瘤能够在破裂前得到诊断及治疗,降低了其破裂导致的蛛网膜下腔出血的发病率。但目前对于未破裂动脉瘤的最佳治疗方法仍然存在争议,预防性干预的风险必须与个体动脉瘤破裂的未知风险进行权衡。因此,对未破裂动脉瘤进行治疗之前,有必要对破裂的风险进行预测。我们通过文献调研和大量临床数据分析,探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂的高危因素,为颅内动脉瘤的治疗提供依据。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂危险因素及护理进展

颅内动脉瘤是由于脑动脉局部血管异常改变引起的脑血管样瘤突起,本身并不是肿瘤,因血管异常所致颅内动脉瘤是一种致残、致死率较高的脑血管疾病。如何尽早发现,有效地干预,针对颅内动脉瘤危险因素的论述、对症治疗及护理,预防动脉瘤破裂,降低患者死亡率,提高治愈率和手术后的生活质量,增加预防脑血管病的观念、健康教育是今后的发展方向。     

颅内多发动脉瘤破裂危险因素及治疗方法

尽管现在关于颅内多发动脉瘤有许多相关报道,但对于颅内多发动脉瘤的治疗仍然具有争论性。随着CT血管造影(CTA,CT angiography)、磁共振血管成像(MRA,magnetic resonance angiography)及血管造影(DSA,digital subtraction angiography)的广泛应用,颅内多发动脉瘤也越来越多见,颅内多发动脉瘤的主要风险是破裂导致蛛网膜下腔出血,     

颅内多发性动脉瘤的危险因素

尽管近年神经内外科治疗技术有所进展 ,但脑动脉瘤并发蛛网膜下腔出血( SAH)病死率仍在 40 %～ 5 0 %,而且颅内多发性动脉瘤的预后比单一动脉瘤的预后更差。作者对芬兰赫尔辛基大学中心医院的2 6 6例动脉瘤并发 SAH病人进行了研究 ,年龄 15～ 6 0岁 ,其中 186例为单一动脉瘤 ,80例为颅内多发性动脉瘤。作者用多变量统计分析比较单一和多发性动脉瘤病人的几种影响健康的因素 (吸烟、饮酒 )、病史和用药情况。校正了年龄、性别和高血压后 ,仅有规律地吸烟是发生多发性动脉瘤的危险因素 ,优势比 ( OR) =2 .10 ,95 %置信区间 ( 95 %CI) =1.0…     

破裂颅内动脉瘤患者介入治疗后早期预后的相关危险因素

目的:探讨影响颅内动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,aSAH)患者介入治疗术后早期预后的相关因素.方法:回顾性分析广州市第一人民医院神经外科2005年1月至2010年12月血管内治疗的223例aSAH患者的临床特征及早期预后.SPSS13.0统计软件分析临床特征与预后的关系.结果:年龄、患者入院时Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher分级、WFNS分级、是否有血管痉挛、是否发生感染、高血压和糖尿病病史有统计学差异.Hunt-Hess分级、WFNS分级、Fisher分级和是否发生感染进入Logistic多因素方程.结论:本组病例中,Hunt-Hess分级、WFNS分级、Fisher分级、血管痉挛、是否发生感染是独立影响aSAH患者介入治疗术后早期预后的危险因素.     

破裂颅内动脉瘤夹闭术后迟发症状性脑血管痉挛危险因素分析

【目的】探讨破裂颅内动脉瘤术后迟发症状性脑血管痉挛的危险因素。【方法】回顾性分析本院2012年9月至2013年10月51例前循环破裂颅内动脉瘤开颅夹闭术患者的临床资料,采用非条件多因素Logistic回归分析夹闭术后迟发症状性脑血管痉挛的危险因素。【结果】患者年龄,Hunt-Hess分级,术中动脉瘤破裂,脑肿胀,慢性贫血,手术时间是其可能的危险因素,术中发现责任血管痉挛是独立危险因素。【结论】提高手术技巧,术中积极降低脑血管痉挛因素,是减少症状性脑血管痉挛的重要措施。     

Hypertension predisposes to the formation of saccular intracranial aneurysms in 467 unruptured and 1053 ruptured patients in Eastern Finland

Abstract

Objective. Hypertension associates with subarachnoid hemorrhage from saccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA-SAH) when compared to matched controls or general population. Few series compare hypertension in unruptured sIA versus sIA-SAH, so its impact on the sIA disease remains uncertain.

Methods. Kuopio sIA Database (www.uef.fi/ns) contains all cases of unruptured and ruptured sIAs admitted to Kuopio University Hospital from its Eastern Finnish catchment population. We compared the age-adjusted incidence of drug-treated hypertension in 467 unruptured and 1053 ruptured sIA patients admitted to Kuopio University Hospital from 1995 to 2007, using the national registry of prescribed medicines.

Results. Antihypertensive medication was more frequent in the unruptured (73% versus 62%) with higher age-adjusted incidence. At sIA diagnosis, the sIA-SAH group had more often untreated hypertension (29% versus 23%). The size of unruptured sIAs increased with age at sIA diagnosis, independently of hypertension. Multiple sIAs, familial sIA, and sIA-SAH were not associated with hypertension in multivariate analysis. Results indicate that drug-treated hypertension associates with the formation of sIAs rather than their growth or rupture.

Conclusion. Hypertension is highly prevalent in the carriers of unruptured sIAs when compared to those with ruptured sIA. Hypertension may associate with the sIA formation, and may predispose to the rupture of sIA if untreated.     

Increased rupture risk in small intracranial aneurysms associated with methamphetamine use

BackgroundAneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the most common cause of nontraumatic SAH. Current guidelines generally recommend observation for unruptured intracranial aneurysms smaller than 7 mm, for those are considered at low risk for spontaneous rupture according to available scoring systems.ObjectiveWe observed a tendency for SAH in small intracranial aneurysms in patients who are methamphetamine users. A retrospective, single center study to characterize the size and location of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms in methamphetamine users was performed.Materials and methodsClinical characteristics and patient data were collected via retrospective chart review of patients with intracranial aneurysms and a history of methamphetamine use with a specific focus on aneurysm size and location.ResultsA total of 62 patients were identified with at least one intracranial aneurysm and a history of methamphetamine use, yielding 73 intracranial aneurysms (n = 73). The mean largest diameter of unruptured aneurysms (n = 44) was 5.1 mm (median 4.5, SD 2.5 mm), smaller than for ruptured aneurysms (n = 29) with a mean diameter of 6.3 mm (median 5.5, SD 2.5 mm). Aneurysms measuring less than 7 mm presented with SAH in 36.5%. With regard to location, 28% (n = 42) of anterior circulation aneurysms less than 7 mm presented with rupture, in contrast to 70% (n = 10) of posterior circulation aneurysms which were found to be ruptured.ConclusionsMethamphetamine use may be considered a significant risk factor for aneurysmal SAH at a smaller aneurysm size than for other patients. These patients may benefit from a lower threshold for intervention and/or aggressive imaging and clinical follow-up.     

CTA与高分辨磁共振血管壁成像评估颅内动脉瘤破裂风险的临床价值

目的 探讨CT血管造影(CTA)与高分辨磁共振血管壁成像(HR-MRI)评估颅内动脉瘤破裂风险的临床价值.方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月我院收治的189例颅内动脉瘤患者作为研究对象,入院后均行数字减影血管造影(DSA)、CTA、HR-MRI检查,检测患者动脉瘤破裂情况,并根据诊断结果将患者分为破裂组(n=5...     

Long-term follow-up results of the SMART coil in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms

BackgroundThe Penumbra SMART coil is a novel device that becomes progressively softer from its distal to proximal end to maximize coil packing and prevent microcatheter prolapse or coil migration. Here, we report a large series of patients detailing the long-term experience of a single institution using the SMART coil among patients with intracranial aneurysms (IAs).MethodsProspective data of 105 consecutive patients with 106 IAs treated using SMART coils was collected between March 2015 and July 2018. Clinical and angiographic data were analyzed.ResultsForty-nine patients (46.7%) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 16 (14.2%) had recurrent aneurysms. Two patients had minor intraprocedural ruptures and remained neurologically stable. One patient had a thromboembolic complication with progressive neurologic decline. There was only one case microcatheter prolapse related to placement of a stent before coiling. An initial post-treatment modified Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification (mRROC) I or II closure was achieved in 56 (52.8%) aneurysms. The average time to last follow-up was 8.4 months at which 70 (81.4%) aneurysms had mRROC I or II occlusion and a major recurrence was seen in 5 (5.8%) patients. Thirteen (12.3%) aneurysms required re-treatment of which one aneurysm was clipped.ConclusionsThe Penumbra SMART coil is safe and effective for the endovascular treatment of appropriately selected IAs. Additional studies at multiple centers comparing safety and efficacy profile over long-term periods to other mainstream coils are necessary.     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血术后分流依赖性脑积水的危险因素分析

目的:分析动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血术后分流依赖性脑积水(shunt-dependent hydrocephalus,SDHC)的发生率,并探讨其发生的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析经血管内介入治疗和开颅夹闭手术治疗的108例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的资料。比较未发生SDHC(No-SDHC组)、发生SDHC(SDHC组)患者的人口统计学及临床特征,采用单因素、多因素logistic回归分析法分析SDHC发生的危险因素。结果:108例患者以女性为主(68例,63.0%),平均年龄为(59.6±8.9)岁,中位随访时间为63.0个月,随访期间SDHC发生率为30.6%(33例)。SDHC组Hunt-Hess分级4～5级、Fisher分级3～4级、急性脑积水及开颅夹闭手术比例均高于No-SDHC组(P0.01)。单因素分析表明,Hunt-Hess分级4～5级、Fisher分级3～4级、大脑中动脉瘤、合并急性脑积水、开颅夹闭手术治疗及无脑脊液引流是动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者术后发生SDHC的危险因素(P0.05)。多因素回归分析表明,Fisher分级3～4级(OR=6.406, 95%CI 1.800～22.799,P=0.004)及无脑脊液引流(OR=14.267, 95%CI 1.196～170.268,P=0.036)是SDHC发生的独立风险因素。结论:高级别Fisher分级(3～4级)及行无脑脊液引流的患者易发生SDHC,应加以关注。     

原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的相关危险因素分析

目的：探讨原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的相关危险因素。方法将2006年1月至2012年12月重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治的原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的56例患者纳入研究组,另选择同期住院肝癌未发生破裂的56例患者纳入对照组。比较两组患者一般情况、实验室检查结果、影像学检查结果等资料。结果对照组与研究组在有无门静脉癌栓、肿瘤突出肝脏表面是否大于1 cm ,以及甲胎蛋白、凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白原（FIB ）、乙肝病毒e抗原（HBeAg）水平等方面比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。Logistic回归分析显示肿瘤突出肝脏表面大于1 cm ,以及FIB、HBeAg水平为原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的独立危险因素。结论肿瘤突出肝脏表面大于1 cm ,以及FIB、HBeAg水平是原发性肝癌自发性破裂出血的独立危险因素。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血介入栓塞治疗60例临床体会

蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH）是一种常见的突发疾病,自发性SAH约85%是由于动脉瘤破裂所致,可从病史、脑脊液、头部CT等中得到诊断,应用全脑血管造影术（DSA）可以明确SAH的病因、动脉瘤的部位及大小,并选择适当的治疗方案即颅内动脉瘤介入栓塞术或开颅动脉瘤夹闭术。我院神经内科自2008-02-2012-12共完成颅内动脉瘤介入栓塞术60例,     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后再出血分析

目的 评估动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（aSAH）后再出血的临床特征及危险因素,为aSAH再出血的预防提供指导。方法 对12例再出血患者的临床特征、影像学资料、治疗及预后进行分析。结果 12例再出血患者首发症状表现为头痛10例（83％）,意识障碍8例（67％）;入院时Hunt Hess评分Ⅲ~Ⅳ级8例（67%）,改良Fisher Ⅲ~Ⅳ级10例（83%）。在SAH后的最初24小时内发生再出血7例（58％）。入院后再出血时平均动脉压显著增加。再出血患者责任动脉瘤位于大脑前动脉（ACA）及前交通动脉（AComA）4例（33％）,多发动脉瘤5例（42％）,所有患者均对动脉瘤进行处理。SAH后并发急性脑积水9例（75％）,行脑室外引流6例（50%）,减压颅骨切除术1例（8%）,最终死亡5例（42％）。结论 SAH后院内再出血死亡率高、预后差,积极干预危险因素,从而减少残疾率及病死率。     

Acute intracranial hemorrhage caused by acupuncture

A 44-year-old Chinese man developed severe occipital headache, nausea, and vomiting during acupuncture treatment of the posterior neck for chronic neck pain. Computed tomography of the head showed hemorrhage in the fourth, third, and lateral ventricles. A lumbar puncture confirmed the presence of blood. Magnetic resonance angiography with gadolinium did not reveal any saccular aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations. The patient's headache resolved over a period of 28 days without any neurological deficits. Acupuncture of the posterior neck can cause acute intracranial hemorrhage.