调脂治疗对老年冠心病患者血管内皮功能的影响

[目的]探讨老年冠心病(CHD)伴高脂血症患者在调脂治疗的同时对血管内皮功能的影响.[方法]30例老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者(A组)服用血脂康调脂治疗前、后及20例老年健康人对照组(B组)测定血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET),采用高分辨超声检测肱动脉基础动脉内径(D0)、内皮依赖性血流介导的舒张功能(FMD)、非内皮依赖性硝酸甘油介导的舒张功能(NID).[结果]A组治疗前的TC、TG、LDL、ET明显高于B组(P＜0.01),HDL、NO、FMD低于B组(P＜0.01),D0、NID两组无显著性差异(P＞0.05).A组调脂治疗前、后比较治疗后TC、TG、LDL、ET降低(P＜0.05),HDL、NO、FMD升高(P＜0.05),D0、NID无显著性改变.TC、TH、LDL与ET呈正相关(P＜0.01),与NO、FMD呈负相关(P＜0.01);HDL与FMD呈正相关(P＜0.01).[结论]老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者存在血管内皮功能受损.血脂康在调脂治疗的同时,可显著降低ET,提高NO、FMD,改善血管内皮功能.     

超声检测冠心病患者血管功能的临床意义

目的探讨多普勒超声检查方法无创检测冠心病患者血管内皮功能和平滑肌功能的临床意义.方法检测56例冠心病患者和38例正常人的肱动脉舒张功能：反应性充血后肱动脉血管舒张（FMD）和舌下含服硝酸甘油后的血管舒张（NID）,同时检测血浆内皮素（ET）、一氧化氮浓度（NO）,并进行对比分析.结果（1）冠心病组内皮依赖性血流介导的和非内皮依赖性硝酸甘油介导的肱动脉舒张反应均明显低于正常对照组（均P〈0.01）.（2）冠心病组FMD与NO呈正相关（r=0.54,P〈0.01）;与肱动脉基础内径和ET呈负相关（r=-0.21,P〈0.05,r=-0.47,P〈0.01）.而NID与肱动脉基础内径呈负相关（r=-0.41,P〈0.01）,与FMD呈正相关（r=0.43,P〈0.01）.结论冠心病患者肱动脉血管内皮功能和平滑肌功能均受损,肱动脉舒张功能的测定对冠心病的预测和防治具有重要意义.     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者血管内皮舒张功能检测的价值

目的:探讨冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的变化。方法:采用无创性高分辨超声技术检测单纯冠心病患者45例(A组),冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者40例(B组),健康人群对照组40例(C组)休息时、反应性充血、舌下含服硝酸甘油(GTN)后3组肱动脉的内皮依赖血流介导的扩张反应(FMD),并分别检测血管活性因子内皮素(ET)和一氧化氮(NO)。结果:1A组、B组分别与C组比较,FMD、NO明显降低,ET明显升高。2B组FMD、NO与A组比较明显降低;ET则明显升高,差异有统计学意义。结论:冠心病患者血管内皮舒张功能损害明显,合并2型糖尿病时损害更为严重。     

阿魏酸钠对介入治疗后内皮功能的干预作用

目的　探讨阿魏酸钠对介入治疗 (PCI)后血管内皮功能的影响及干预作用。方法　对 6 0例成功行PCI后的冠心病患者在常规治疗 (阿托伐他汀、阿斯匹林、ACEI、硝酸酯类 )的基础上按分层随机分配法分为阿魏酸钠组 (n =30例 )和对照组 (n=30例 )。全部病例采用高分辨超声技术 ,分别在PCI后 3天、18天检测肱动脉舒张功能 :反应性充血后血管舒张 (FMD)、含服硝酸甘油后的血管舒张 (NID) ,且同步检验血内皮素 (ET)、一氧化氮 (NO)等指标并进行对比分析。结果　 (1)两组干预后的FMD、NO均较干预前显著升高 (均P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ,ET则降低 (均P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;(2 )干预后 :阿魏酸钠组的FMD、NO均较对照组显著升高 (均P <0 0 5 ) ,ET则降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;(3)NID在各组干预前后、组间比较均无差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　应用国产阿托伐他汀能改善PCI后血管内皮功能 ;阿魏酸钠可进一步改善PCI后血管内皮功能。     

冠心病患者肱动脉内皮功能与血液中动脉粥样硬化危险因子的相关性分析

目的观察冠心病患者血内皮素（ET）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的水平，探讨这些危险因素之间相关性及相关程度。进一步研究这些危险因素与超声心动图检测的肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（FMD）之间的关系。方法研究对象共53例，所有受检者均接受冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查，测血压、血ET、Hcy、LDL，并用超声心动图检查FMD，行定量化处理。所有病例依据CAG结果分为冠心病组（n=35）和对照组（n=18）。结果冠心病组ET、Hcy、LDL、FMD与对照组相比明显升高（P〈0．01或0．05）。在冠心病组患者中，ET与Hcy呈正相关（r=0．490，P〈0．01）；ET与FMD呈负相关（r=-0．603，P〈0．01）；Hcy与FMD呈负相关（r=-0．376，P〈0．05）。应用Logistic回归分析ET、Hcy、LDL相关性，证实ET、Hcy、LDL是冠心病患者动脉粥样硬化的危险因素，冠心病患者动脉粥样硬化危险因素中以Hcy作用最强，其次是LDL。结论冠心病患者血科、Hcy、LDL、FMD明显异常：其巾血Hcy、LDL与冠心病关系最为密切。     

叶酸对老年脑梗死伴高同型半胱氨酸血症患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的探讨叶酸对老年脑梗死伴高同型半胱氨酸血症患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法选取本院2015年1月至2016年1月期间本院收治的脑梗死伴高同型半胱氨酸血症患者90例,随机将其分为治疗组(n=45)和对照组(n=45),收集治疗前后患者的空腹血,分离血清,应用荧光偏振免疫分析法检测Hcy的水平;使用硝酸还原酶法检测血清NO的水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中内皮素-1(ET-1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的水平;应用超声法评价肱动脉内皮依赖性血管舒张功能(FMD)。结果治疗后两组患者Hcy、FMD、NO、ET-1和VEGF均有所改善,但与对照组相比,治疗组的改善结果更显著,数据差异具有统计学意义。结论叶酸与老年脑梗死伴高同型半胱氨酸血症患者血管内皮功能具有一定的关系,为疾病的治疗提供新的途径和思路。     

老年冠心病患者脂联素和同型半胱氨酸水平及其与血管内皮功能的相关性研究

目的:探讨老年冠心病患者脂联素(ADP)和同型半胱氨酸(HCY)及其与血管内皮功能的相关性。方法:选择老年冠心病患者73例为观察组,健康体检老年人73例为对照组,行临床指标检测和彩色多普勒超声检查。结果:观察组血清ADP、肱动脉内径基础(D0)、肱动脉反应性充血后内径值(D1)、肱动脉血流介导的舒张功能(FMD)低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组HCY高于对照组(P<0.05)。ADP与D0、D1、FMD呈负相关性。HCY与D0、D1、FMD呈正相关性。结论:老年冠心病患者血清ADP降低,伴HCY升高。ADP与血管内皮功能呈负相关性,而HCY与血管内皮功能呈正相关性。     

OSAS合并心血管病患者血管内皮功能及颈动脉内膜中层厚度的变化

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征合并心血管病患者的血管内皮功能、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)及斑块的变化及相互关系。方法对24例OSAS患者分为单纯OSAS组11例及OSAS合并合并心血管病患者组13例,20例健康对照组采用高分辨超声检测肱动脉基础动脉内径(D0)、内皮依赖性血流介导的舒张功能(FMD)、非内皮依赖性硝酸甘油介导的舒张功能(NID)、颈动脉超声检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度和斑块。结果OSAS合并心血管病组的FMD,NID均低于单纯OSAS组及对照组(P<0·05);而单纯OSAS组的FMD,NID亦均低于对照组(P<0·05);OSAS合并心血管病组的IMT和颈动脉粥样斑块检出率明显高于单纯OSAS组及对照组(P<0·01)。结论OSAS患者存在内皮功能紊乱,OSAS合并心血管病者内皮功能紊乱更严重,同时伴IMT增厚及劲动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率增加。     

冠状动脉慢血流与血管内皮功能的关系

目的 探讨冠状动脉慢血流(CSF)与血管内皮功能的关系.方法 选取50例经冠状动脉造影(CAG)诊断为CSF的患者为CSF组,50例CAG提示无管腔狭窄及CSF的患者为对照组.检测两组患者的血常规、凝血功能、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血生化指标、内皮素-1(ET-1)及一氧化氮(NO)水平、循环内皮细胞(CEC)数量,采用彩色多普勒超声评价动脉血管内皮功能,包括肱动脉内皮依赖的血流量介导的舒张反应(FMD)及非内皮依赖的硝酸甘油介导的舒张反应.结果 CSF组吸烟者比例、ET-1水平、CEC数量高于对照组,而NO水平、FMD低于对照组(P＜0.05);与对照组比较,CSF组的红细胞分布宽度升高、高敏C反应蛋白、Hey升高,而HDL-C降低(P＜0.05).结论 血管内皮功能损伤与CSF的发生、发展有关联.     

叶酸对冠心病患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的 探讨大剂量叶酸能否改善冠心病患者的血管内皮功能.方法 共60例冠心病患者分为叶酸治疗(20 mg/d)组30例和对照组30例,随访6个月,观察2组间同型半胱氨酸水平,以超声测定肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性舒张变化率(FMD)变化来评价血管内皮功能,并观察2组间差别.结果 大剂量叶酸治疗组血浆同型半胱氨酸水平低于对照组[(8.58±3.40) μmol/L vs. (12.57±3.12) μmol/L,P＜0.01].叶酸治疗后FMD由4.20%±1.51%增加至8.62%±1.48%(P＜0.01).结论 大剂量叶酸治疗可能通过降低同型半胱氨酸以外的途径改善血管内皮功能,对冠心病患者有潜在的益处.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.