椎弓根钉道参数的变异性及其相关因素的研究

目的研究椎弓根钉道相关参数的变异性及引起变异的具有临床意义的相关因素。方法用PickerPQ6000螺旋CT扫描仪对C3～L5椎体进行扫描。共扫描198例(男118例,女80例)的736个椎体。测量每个椎体的椎弓根横径、钉道长度、及e角(椎弓根轴线与矢状面夹角),观察椎体形态及椎体、棘突、人体三者各自矢状轴间的关系,如有异常则测量并记录。同时记录受检者的性别、身高、体重。以上数据用SPSS软件进行统计学处理。结果统计结果显示:每一节椎体的椎弓根宽度、钉道长度及e角均有较大的极差及四分位数间距。虽然t检验显示不同性别间的钉道长度、椎弓根宽度均有明显的统计学差异,但在进一步以协方差分析法分析各因素的交互效应时发现,在消除体重、身高两因素后,椎弓根宽度及钉道长度均与性别无关。泊松相关分析显示身高、体重均与椎弓根宽度及钉道长度呈显著正相关,而e角与后两者无显著相关性。对椎体畸变的观察显示:14(1.9%)个胸腰椎椎体矢状轴与人体矢状轴不一致;11(1.0%)个椎体棘突轴与椎体矢状轴不一致;T9以下,14(4.9%)个椎体的椎弓根横径小于4mm;4个椎体椎弓根外凸变形,影响置钉位置。结论人体椎弓根钉道参数具有较大的变异性,不同个体、不同节段水平均有显著不同;体重和身高是两个影响变异性重要的相关因素。偶发     

术中三维CT导航引导下半椎体切除治疗小儿先天性脊柱侧凸

目的观察在术中CT导航引导下行小儿脊柱后路半椎体切除、椎弓根螺钉内固定的置钉准确率及近期疗效。方法 10例先天性半椎体畸形的患儿,手术时年龄为3～6岁,平均4.5岁。所有患儿均为单发完全分节半脊椎,其中半脊椎1例位于T10,2例位于T11,3例位于T12、2例位于L2,1例位于L3,1例位于L4。术中在CT导航引导下进行置钉和半椎体切除。结果本组病例共置椎弓根螺钉48枚,经术中CT扫描证实位置良好,无穿透椎弓根内侧壁进入椎管者,大部分螺钉刚好穿出椎体前缘皮质骨,置钉准确率达100%。术前半脊椎上下相邻节段侧凸Cobb角为20.0°～60.0°,平均40.5°,术后矫正至1.0°～14.0°,平均矫正至8.3°,平均矫正率为78.5%。在6例胸椎半脊椎病例中,术前半脊椎上下相邻节段后凸Cobb角为23.0°～36.0°,平均29.3°,术后Cobb角矫正至0°～13.0°,平均矫正至8.3°,平均矫正率为69.5%;在4例腰椎半脊椎病例中,半脊椎上下相邻节段后凸Cobb角为0°～2.0°,平均1.5°,术后腰椎前凸恢复至8.0°～18.0°,平均恢复腰椎前凸13.0°。本组病例平均随访5个月,未发生螺钉松脱、折断等并发症,远近端代偿弯基本恢复正常。结论利用术中CT导航系统有利于在小儿患者中准确地置入椎弓根螺钉,能够有效增加矫形力和防止内固定的失败,使得切除小儿半脊椎更加简便和安全。     

胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉置钉的准确性分析

目的:分析胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定术的置钉准确性.方法:回顾分析2010年7月～2012年12月我院53例胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定术患者,男31例,女22例;年龄18～73岁,平均51.2岁.腰椎退变性疾病24例,胸腰椎骨折29例.置钉节段为T8～S1.根据术后CT轴位扫描图像以及患者是否出现椎弓根螺钉相关并发症,将椎弓根螺钉位置分级:0级,螺钉位于椎弓根皮质内;1级,螺钉突破椎弓根骨壁但≤2mm;2级,螺钉突破椎弓根骨壁＞2mm,但无神经受压等症状;3级,出现螺钉相关并发症.结果:共置入椎弓根螺钉212枚,平均4.0枚/例.212枚螺钉中,0级175枚(82.5％);1级32枚(15.1％);2级4枚(1.9％);3级1枚(0.5％),患者出现神经受压症状,行翻修术.37枚位置不佳的螺钉中,24枚向内侧切出椎弓根,13枚向外侧切出.结论:胸腰椎经皮椎弓根螺钉固定技术虽置钉位置欠佳率较高,但很少发生2级以上置钉位置不佳者.     

胸椎椎弓根形态测量研究

目的:观察不同节段胸椎椎弓根形态特征,探讨其临床意义。方法:测量40具国人胸椎标本的椎弓根横径、矢状径、矢状面夹角、椎弓根间距、椎弓根后缘皮质到椎体前缘皮质距离及椎弓根-椎板夹角,观察椎弓根后缘中点与相应横突根部的关系。结果:（1）除T1外,各节段椎弓根矢状径均明显大于横径（P<0.01）;（2）椎弓根矢状面夹角从T1到T9逐渐减小,T10以下为负角;（3）椎弓根后缘皮质沿其轴线到椎体前缘的长度从T1到T7逐渐增加,T7到T12基本相同;（4）T1与T12椎弓根螺钉拟进钉点位于横突根部中点,T2及T11位于横突根部中上1/3点,其余各节段均位于横突根部上缘。结论:进行胸椎椎弓根螺钉固定时,应根据不同节段椎弓根形态特点,结合X线片或CT片,选择相应的螺钉直径、长度、进钉部位及方向。     

青少年胸椎椎弓根影像学特征及其临床意义

目的 :探讨青少年胸椎椎弓根影像学特征及其临床意义。方法 :随机选择正常青少年 42人 ,平均年龄12 .4岁 ,摄胸椎X线片 ,对 2 7人行全胸椎椎弓根CT扫描 ,分别测量各节段椎弓根横径、螺钉进钉点和深度 ,以及椎弓根轴线与矢状面夹角等 ,并根据X线测量方法 ,对 10 3例脊柱侧凸患者进行节段椎弓根螺钉器械矫正。结果 :正常C4椎弓根横径最小 (3 .9± 0 .66)mm ,胸椎椎弓根钉进钉点均位于横突根部上缘与中点之间 ,T11、12 椎弓根矢状角为负角 ,其余为正角。 10 3例患者共置入 10 82枚胸椎椎弓根螺钉 ,穿透椎弓根内外侧及椎前皮质的螺钉分别占 18.6%、 14 .5 %和 2 .1% ,仅 1例患者出现了与椎弓根穿透内侧皮质有关的神经系统症状 ,无其他相关并发症。结论 :认真阅读X线片 ,了解与掌握不同节段椎弓根形态特征及周围解剖关系 ,有助于进行正确的胸椎椎弓根螺钉置入。     

L4～S1椎弓根形态与椎板间及椎间孔大小的相关性

目的 研究腰椎椎弓根形态（长度及角度）与L₄/L₅和L₅/S₁节段椎板间及椎间孔大小的相关性。方法 回顾性分析海军军医大学长征医院2020年1月—2022年6月收治的50例L₄/L₅或L₅/S₁单节段腰椎椎间盘突出症（LDH）患者作为研究组，并选取同时期50名健康志愿者作为对照组。测量2组腰椎正侧位X线片上L₄/L₅和L₅/S₁节段椎板间的最大高度和宽度，在CT上测量椎弓根长度和角度、椎间孔最小高度和宽度，采用逐步多元线性回归的多元相关性来确定相关变量对椎间孔及椎板间大小的独立影响。结果 2组L₄~S₁椎弓根长度、L₄/L₅及L₅/S₁节段椎间孔和椎板间高度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。研究组S₁椎弓根外展角小于对照组；研究组L₄椎弓根头倾角低于对照组，S₁椎弓根头倾角高于对照组；研究组L₄与L₅、L₅与S₁椎弓根头倾角差值低于对照组；研究组L₄/L₅和L₅/S₁节段椎间孔宽度、椎板间宽度小于对照组；以上指标差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示，年龄与椎板间高度和宽度及椎间孔高度呈负相关，椎弓根外展角与椎板间宽度呈正相关，椎弓根长度与椎间孔宽度呈正相关，相邻腰椎椎弓根头倾角差值与椎间孔宽度呈正相关，椎板间宽度与椎间孔宽度呈正相关。多重线性回归分析显示，患者的年龄、椎弓根长度及角度与椎板间及椎间孔大小独立相关，L₅、S₁椎弓根外展角与椎板间宽度显著正相关，L₅椎弓根头倾角与L₄/L₅及L₅/S₁椎间孔高度显著负相关；相邻腰椎椎弓根头倾角差值与椎间孔宽度显著正相关。结论 椎板间及椎间孔高度和宽度会随着患者年龄增长而变小，椎板间宽度随着L₅、S₁椎弓根外展角度增大而变大，L₅椎弓根头倾角越大，相邻椎间孔高度越小；相邻椎体椎弓根头倾角差值增加，椎间孔宽度增大。椎弓根角度和长度影响椎板间及椎间孔的大小，这些变化可能会影响手术难度和手术方式选择。     

胸椎椎弓根-肋骨单元与椎弓根的CT测量

目的:比较经胸椎椎弓根-肋骨单元(pedicle rib unit;PRU)置钉与传统经椎弓根置钉技术的相关径线;为临床应用提供依据.方法:对30例患者脊柱T1～T10节段进行薄层CT扫描;层厚为1mm;选择有完整PRU结构的CT横断面图像进行以下指标测量:(1)PRU宽度(PRU-W);椎弓根宽度(PW);(2)PRU钉道长度(PRU-L);椎弓根钉道长度(PL);(3)PRU中轴与矢状面夹角(PRU-A);椎弓根中轴与矢状面夹角(PA);(4)经PRU置钉的安全角度范围(△A).结果:PRU-W和PW均以T5最小;以T1为最大;由T1至T5逐渐减小;由T5至T10逐渐增大.PRU-L和PL以T1为最小;以T10为最大;由T1至T10逐渐增大.PRU-A和PA以T1为最大;以T10最小;由T1至T10逐渐缩小.PRU-L与PL、PRU-W与PW间均有显著性差异(P＜0.01).PRU-W、PRU-L在男女之间差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.01).PRU置钉的安全角度范围△A为20°～30°.结论:胸椎PRU的横径、钉道长度均较同节段的椎弓根大;经PRU可置入更粗更长的螺钉;有更大的内倾角;安全置钉角度范围也较大.     

胸腰椎爆裂骨折椎弓根钉预出钉点与椎前大血管距离变化的影像学研究

目的探讨胸腰椎爆裂骨折椎弓根钉预出钉点与椎前大血管距离变化的影像学关系。方法回顾性分析自2005-04—2018-08采用椎弓根钉内固定治疗的108例胸腰椎爆裂骨折(骨折组)与正常体检的48例健康成年人(健康组),比较健康组与骨折组T_(11)～L_4左侧椎弓根出钉部位到主动脉后壁的距离(BE)、右侧椎弓根出钉部位到主动脉或下腔静脉的距离(BF),探讨伤椎Cobb角与骨折椎体BE值的相关性、骨折椎体BE值与骨折上下椎体BE值的相关性。结果 Spearman相关性分析结果显示骨折组伤椎Cobb角与骨折椎体BE值无相关性(P0.05)。骨折组T_(12)～L_4BE值较健康组大,L_2、L_3BF值较健康组大,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,骨折组骨折椎体BE值和骨折上椎体BE值呈正相关(P0.05),骨折椎体BE值和骨折下椎体BE值呈正相关(P0.05)。结论胸腰椎爆裂骨折后上下节段椎体与椎前大血管之间的距离有所增加,左侧出钉点至主动脉距离L_3、L_4节段较T_(11)、T_(12)节段增加明显,椎体右侧预出针点损伤大血管的风险较左侧低。椎体骨折后预出钉点至大血管的距离增加,椎弓根钉损伤椎前大血管的风险并不会增大。     

脊柱虚拟手术系统术前测量胸腰椎椎弓根植钉准确性的实验研究

目的应用脊柱虚拟手术系统(spinal virtual surgery system,SVSS)进行脊柱胸腰段椎弓根钉固定术前设计,建立植钉相关参数测量的方法;通过对SVSS植钉相关参数与实际测量参数进行统计学分析比较,验证SVSS测量的准确性。方法取成人胸腰段脊柱标本8具(T11～L3椎体节段),先用SVSS进行椎弓根植钉术前设计和各椎体节段椎弓根左右两侧相关参数的测量,包括外展角(angle of axial view,Aa)、头倾角(angle of sagittal view,As)、入点横坐标(x-direction entrance,XE)、轴位面上测量的椎弓根轴线骨性通道全长(total pedicle length of axial view,TLa)、矢状位面上测量的椎弓根轴线骨性通道全长(total pedicle length of sagittal view,TLs)、椎弓根狭部皮质骨高度(pedicle height,PH)、椎弓根狭部皮质骨宽度(pedicle width,PW)、椎弓根狭部松质骨宽度(pedicle spongy width,PSW);然后完成尸体标本椎弓根植钉左右两侧相关参数的实际测量;最后进行虚拟植钉相关参数和实际植钉相关参数的统计学分析。结果虚拟测量(Aa、As、TLa、TLs、XE、PW、PSW、PH)和实际测量(Aa、As、TLa、XE、PW、PSW、PH)椎弓根左右两侧植钉的所有相关参数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除L3节段的XE及T11和T12节段的PSW的虚拟测量值与实际测量值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其他各节段各参数虚拟测量值与实际测量值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经过与实际测量参数进行统计学分析,验证了SVSS进行胸腰椎椎弓根钉固定术前设计的可行性和测量的准确性。     

漏斗技术结合徒手椎弓根探针技术在椎弓根置钉术中的应用

目的探讨利用漏斗技术结合徒手椎弓根探针技术置入椎弓根钉的安全性及准确性。方法术前测量目标椎的e角、f角及椎弓根直径,选择准确的进针点:骶椎以下关节突左7点右5点为进针点,腰椎以人字嵴顶点作为进针点,胸椎按Kim推荐的入点进针。在椎弓根入口去皮质后据e、f角徒手推进椎弓根探针至椎体前缘,测量所需螺钉长度,再沿钉道扩孔、攻丝及置入相应直径与长度的螺钉;术后CT片按照椎弓根内侧壁穿透<2 mm,外侧壁穿透<4 mm作为安全评价标准。回顾性分析自2009年6月~2012年1月利用该技术在184例中置入736枚椎弓根钉的情况。结果所有螺钉椎弓根内侧壁穿透<2 mm,外侧壁穿透<4 mm,总合格率100%;无一例出现神经根或脊髓损伤加重的表现,无一例出现脑脊液漏。结论利用合理的进针点,在个体化置钉的基础上,利用漏斗技术结合徒手椎弓根探针技术能成功置入胸腰椎椎弓根钉。     

幼猪胸腰椎椎弓根参数的CT测量对置钉的指导意义

[目的]采用CT扫描测量约克夏幼猪的胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉置入的相关参数,提供动物实验的解剖学参考数据。[方法]10只6周龄的雌性约克夏幼猪进行CT平扫三维重建后测量T1～L5的椎体高度、椎体横径、椎体纵径、椎管横径、椎弓根骨性通道全长、椎弓根宽度等参数,按照测量数据置入椎弓根螺钉,术后再次行CT扫描检查,评估螺钉置入准确性。[结果]根据CT影像学测量结果,椎弓根宽度平均为5.3～7.4 mm,椎弓根骨性通道全长平均为18.8～22.6 mm,椎弓根水平面置入角度平均为32.1°～44.4°之间。根据测量数据,选取直径为4.5 mm,长度为25 mm的椎弓根螺钉,并在幼猪脊柱成功置入,固定效果可靠。[结论]尽管幼猪的脊椎较小,通过术前CT测量的指导,可以有效地指导椎弓根螺钉的置入。     

Prospective evaluation of thoracic pedicle screw placement using fluoroscopic imaging

BACKGROUND: In this prospective 18-month study, 29 patients underwent posterior thoracic instrumentation with placement of 209 transpedicular screws guided by intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging and anatomic landmarks. We assessed the safety, accuracy, complications, and early stability of this technique. METHODS: Pedicle and pedicle-rib units were measured, and screw cortical penetrations were graded on anatomy and depth of penetration. All 29 patients underwent preoperative computed tomographic (CT) imaging, and 28 underwent postoperative CT imaging (199/209 screws). RESULTS: From T2 to T12, screw diameters were >or=5 mm with mean medial screw angulation measuring 20-25 degree. Of the 209 screws placed from T1 to T12, 111 had diameters greater than or equal to the pedicle width. From T3 to T9, the mean diameter of the pedicle screws exceeded the mean pedicle width. Lateral pedicle wall penetration occurred significantly more often than superior, inferior, and medial pedicle wall penetrations and anterolateral vertebral body penetration. Five of six high-risk screw penetrations occurred in one patient when intraoperative technique was compromised. We observed no new postoperative neurologic deficits, visceral injuries, or pedicle screw instrumentation failures. The three high-risk anterolateral vertebral body penetrations at T1 and T2 were associated with a significantly decreased mean screw transverse angle; the three high-risk medial pedicle wall penetrations occurring from T3 to T9 were associated with a significantly increased mean screw transverse angle. Among all 26 patients available at postoperative follow-up (mean 11.9 months), the mean loss of kyphosis correction was 2.0 degree. CONCLUSIONS: Guided by intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging and anatomic landmarks, thoracic pedicle screws can be placed safely. Early clinical follow-up reveals excellent results with minimal loss of kyphosis correction.     

Analysis of the morphometric characteristics of the thoracic and lumbar pedicles

A total of 2,905 pedicle measurements were made from T1-L5. Measurements were made from spinal computerized tomography (CT) scan examinations and individual vertebral specimen roentgenograms. Parameters considered were the pedicle isthmus width in the transverse and sagittal planes, pedicle angles in the transverse and sagittal planes, and the depth to the anterior cortex in a line parallel to the midline of the vertebral body and along the pedicle axis. There was no significant difference between data obtained from CT scans and specimen roentgenograms. Pedicles were widest at L5 and narrowest at T5 in the transverse plane. The widest pedicles in the sagittal plane were seen at T11, the narrowest at T1. Due to the oval shape of the pedicle, the sagittal plane width was generally larger than the transverse plane width. The largest pedicle angle in the transverse plane was at L5. The posterolateral to anterolateral pedicle axis orientation in the transverse plane, seen at other levels throughout the thoracolumbar spine, reversed at T12. In the sagittal plane, the pedicles angled caudally at L5 and cephaladly from L3-T1. The depth to the anterior cortex was significantly longer along the pedicle axis than along a line parallel to the midline of the vertebral body at all levels with the exception of T12 and T11.     

In vivo accuracy of thoracic pedicle screws.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective observational study of 279 transpedicular thoracic screws using postoperative computed tomography (CT). OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of transpedicular thoracic screws. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Previous studies have reported the importance of properly placed transpedicular thoracic screws. To our knowledge, the in vivo accuracy of pedicle screw placement throughout the entire thoracic spine by CT is unknown. METHODS: The accuracy of thoracic screw placement within the pedicle and vertebral body and the resultant transverse screw angle (TSA) were assessed by postoperative CT. Cortical perforations of the pedicle were graded in 2-mm increments. Screws were regionally grouped for analysis. RESULTS: Forty consecutive patients underwent instrumented posterior spinal fusion using 279 titanium thoracic pedicle screws of various diameters (4.5-6.5 mm). The regional distribution of the screws was 39 screws at T1-T4, 77 screws at T5-T8, and 163 screws at T9-T12. Fifty-seven percent of screws were totally confined within the pedicle. Although medial perforation of the pedicle wall occurred in 14% of screws, in <1% there was >2 mm of canal intrusion. Lateral pedicular perforation occurred in 68% of perforating screws and was significantly more common than medial perforation (P < 0.0005). Seventeen screws penetrated the anterior vertebral cortex by an average of 1.7 mm. Screws inserted between T1 and T4 had a decreased incidence of full containment within the pedicle (P < 0.0005) and vertebral body (P = 0.039) compared with T9-T12. The mean TSA for screws localized within the pedicle was 14.6 degrees and was significantly different from screws with either medial (mean 18.0 degrees ) or lateral (mean 11.5 degrees ) pedicle perforation (P < 0.0005). Anterior vertebral penetration was associated with a smaller mean TSA of 10.1 degrees (P = 0.01) and with lateral pedicle perforation (P < 0.0005). There were no neurologic or vascular complications. CONCLUSIONS: Ninety-nine percent of screws were fully contained or were inserted with either < or =2 mm of medial cortical perforation or an acceptable lateral breech using the "in-out-in" technique. Anterior cortical penetration occurred significantly more often with lateral pedicle perforation and with a smaller mean TSA. The incidence of fully contained screws was directly correlated with the region of instrumented thoracic spine.     

下胸椎和腰椎椎弓根形态学测量及其临床意义

对15具T_9—L_5段尸体脊椎标本的推弓根进行了实体及X线片形态学测量.测量内容包括:椎弓根高、椎弓根宽、椎弓根后缘皮质与前缘皮质的距离及椎弓根轴线与矢状面夹角.结果提示:临床应用椎弓根螺钉固定时,应选择合适的螺钉,选准进钉点,并注意进钉方向及深度.     

Morphometric analysis of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in idiopathic scoliosis

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study on the morphometry of 337 pedicles in 29 patients with idiopathic scoliosis. OBJECTIVES: To analyze by means of computed tomographic scans the vertebral morphometry in idiopathic scoliosis treated by pedicle screw instrumentation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although several studies exist on the vertebrae's morphometry in normal spines, little is known concerning the morphometry of scoliotic vertebrae. METHODS: The pedicles' morphometry between T5 and L4 was analyzed by computed tomographic scans in 29 surgically treated patients with idiopathic right thoracic scoliosis. Measurements included chord length, endosteal transverse pedicle width, transverse pedicle angle, and pedicle length. RESULTS: The endosteal transverse pedicle width was significantly smaller (P < 0.05) on the concavity in the apical region of the thoracic spine and measured between 2.5 and 4.2 mm in the middle thoracic spine (T5-T9) and between 4.2 and 5.9 mm in the lower thoracic spine (T10-T12). In the lumbar spine, the width varied between 4.8 and 9.5 mm without significant differences between the concave and convex sides (P > 0.05). The chord length was shortest at T5, measuring 37 mm and increased gradually to 50 mm at L3 with significantly larger dimensions in male patients and on the concavity of the apical region in the thoracic spine (P < 0.05). The pedicle length varied minimally, with a range of between 20 and 22 mm, and was relatively consistent throughout the thoracic and lumbar spine. The transverse pedicle angle varied between 6 degrees in the lower thoracic spine and 12 degrees in the upper thoracic and lower lumbar spine. CONCLUSION: The morphometry in scoliotic vertebrae is substantially different from that of vertebrae in normal spines, with an asymmetrical intravertebral deformity shown in scoliotic vertebrae. Pedicle screw instrumentation on the concavity in the apical region of thoracic curves appears critical because of the small endosteal pedicle width.     

An anatomic study of transpedicular posterior fixation of spine and its clinical application]

Intact anatomic specimens of spinal column from T8-L5 were obtained and the height and width of vertebral pedicles, the distance between the pedicle to the upper and lower borders of the vertebral body, the angle of inclination of the coronal surface of vertebral pedicles, and other parameters were measured. Simulating pedicle screw implant in operation, K-wires were inserted into the pedicles and after taking X-ray films the pedicles were sectioned transversely. A series of morphologic parameters of the pedicles were obtained. The distances between the two K-wires' entry and exit points, and between the two pedicles of the same or the adjacent vertebra were measured. The relationships of the sites of determining the pedicle screw site was evaluated also from roentgenograms. Twenty two patients of thoracolumbar fracture were treated. The vertebral body height, kyphotic deformity and the displacement were corrected obviously. After operation the neural functions from incomplete paraplegia were recovered. Several problems about the pedicle screw implant technique were discussed.     

胸椎椎弓根螺钉治疗上胸椎严重骨折

目的：探讨胸椎椎弓根螺钉治疗上胸椎严重骨折的方法及疗效。方法：自2000年3月至2008年6月回顾性分析18例上胸椎严重骨折患者的临床资料,男10例,女8例;年龄20～76岁,平均34.3岁。按Denis分型：爆裂骨折15例,骨折伴脱位3例。损伤节段：T1-T22例,T32例,T3-T42例,T4-T58例,T5-T62例。Wolter外伤性椎管狭窄分型：Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型2例。Frankel分级：A级5例,B级4例,C级2例,D级4例,E级3例。均采用后路胸椎椎弓根螺钉固定治疗,手术前后通过影像观察Cobb角及椎管狭窄度,通过Frankel分级的变化评估神经症状,通过CT复查术后椎弓根螺钉与椎弓根的位置。结果：18例患者均获随访,时间1～6年,平均2.3年。Cobb角由术前的（26.50±5.62）°改善为术后的（21.20±3.54）°（P〈0.05）;椎管内占位改善率61%。术后Frankel分级：A级4例,B级2例,C级3例,D级3例,E级6例,手术前后Frankel分级有明显改善（P〈0.05）。CT复查示椎弓根螺钉88.5%（69/78）位于椎弓根内。结论：后路椎弓根螺钉固定方法是坚强、安全、有效的胸椎严重骨折的治疗方法。