粒细胞集落刺激因子对儿童急性粒细胞性白血病的疗效及安全性

目的探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)对儿童急性粒细胞性白血病(AML)的疗效及安全性。方法17例AML病儿化疗后中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)<0.5×109/L者共67例次,其中治疗组42例次应用rhG-CSF,对照组25例次不用rhG-CSF。比较两组ANC升达1.5×109/L所需时间,感染的发生率,发热及抗生素应用与住院时间,成分输血量。并观察rhG-CSF治疗的不良反应。结果治疗组ANC升达1.5×109/L平均所需时间明显短于对照组;治疗组感染的发生率较对照组显著降低;治疗组的发热、抗生素应用与住院时间均短于对照组;而两组成分输血量比较无显著差异。rhG-CSF治疗过程中病儿无严重不良反应,治疗结束后复查骨髓无原始、幼稚细胞增多,未见其导致AML复发。结论应用rhG-CSF治疗儿童AML是安全而有效的。     

粒细胞集落刺激因子在急性白血病化疗后不同时期疗效比较

目的　观察急性白血病化疗后不同时期应用粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G CSF)的疗效。方法　选择处于缓解期且上一疗程化疗后曾经中性粒细胞数 (ANC) <0 .5× 10 9L-1的急性白血病患者 5 6例 ,分为 3组 ,分别在巩固化疗结束后 48h(A组 )、ANC <1.5× 10 9L-1(B组 )和ANC <0 .5× 10 9L-1(C组 )时使用G CSF ,当连续 2dANC >1.5× 10 9L-1L时停药。观察ANC变化及感染的发生率。结果　A组ANC <1.5× 10 9L-1的天数、恢复至≥ 1.5× 10 9L-1所需的天数以及G CSF的使用天数均少于其他两组 (均P <0 .0 1) ,ANC最低值高于其他两组 (P <0 .0 1) ,感染的发生率也较其他两组明显低 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　对化疗后有发生粒细胞缺乏倾向的急性白血病患者在化疗结束后应早期使用G CSF。     

粒生素促进急性白血病化疗后中性粒细胞的恢复

目的　观察粒生素对急性白血病化疗后粒细胞减少的治疗效果。方法　 75例接受联合化疗的急性白血病患者随机分为两组 ,治疗组的 38例在化疗后中性粒细胞绝对值 (ANC)降至 1 5× 10 9 L时 ,加用粒生素 15 0 μg 天皮下注射使粒细胞恢复 ,直至复查ANC超过 2 0× 10 9 L后停药 ,平均用药时间 5 9天 ;对照组的 37例仅给予常规支持治疗。结果　使用粒生素治疗组ANC恢复到超过 2 0× 10 9 L的时间为 5 4± 2 7天 ,明显比未使用粒生素的对照组的 14 7± 3 5天短 ,且治疗组感染率为 18 4 2 %(7 38) ,对照组感染发生率为 75 6 8%(2 8 37) ,两者差异有显著性。结论　粒生素能够明显促进白血病患者化疗后粒细胞的恢复 ,疗效可靠 ,毒副作用轻微。     

粒细胞集落刺激因子治疗中性粒细胞减少症临床观察

目的观察中粒细胞减少症(neutropenia)用粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)治疗后白细胞(WBC)变化情况。方法对本院2002～2004年血液肿瘤科WBC减少住院病人200例和门诊病人4例,均已进行G-CSF治疗作为治疗组,对照组50例。结果治疗组总有效率为92.6%,时间3～14d不等,WBC数量从(2.39±1.20)×109/L上升到(8.60±2.86)×109/L,中性粒细胞(ANC)数量从(1.10±0.80)×109/L上升到(3.60±1.16)×109/L;对照组上升率为58.0%。治疗组和对照组WBC和ANC变化比较差异有显著性,P<0.01。血红蛋白、血小板其数量无明显变化。结论用G-CSF治疗白细胞减少症WBC和ANC上升显著。     

急性白血病化疗后不同时期应用粒细胞集落刺激因子疗效观察

目的观察急性白血病化疗后不同时期应用粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）的疗效。方法选择处于缓解期,且上次疗程化疗后中性粒细胞数（ANC）曾降至〈0.5×10^9/L的急性白血病患者共41例,分为3组,分别在巩固化疗后48 h,ANC降至〈0.5×10^9/L和ANC降至1.5×10^9/L时使用G-CSF,连续用至2 d ANC〉1.5×10^9/L停药。观察ANC变化情况及感染的发生率。结果化疗后48 h用药组ANC持续〈1.5×10^9/L的天数,ANC恢复至≥1.5×10^9/L所需的天数均小于其他两组（P〈0.01）,感染的发生率低于其他两组（P〈0.01）。ANC最低值高于其他两组（P〈0.01）。用药天数以ANC〈0.5×10^9/L,预防用药组最少（P〈0.05）。结论对化疗后有发生粒细胞缺乏倾向的患者建议化疗结束后早期使用G-CSF。     

白血病巩固化疗后不同时期应用粒细胞集落刺激因子疗效比较

目的　观察白血病巩固化疗后不同时期应用粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G -CSF)的疗效。方法　选择处于缓解期 ,且上次疗程化疗后中性粒细胞数 (ANC)曾降至 <0 5× 10 9/L的急性白血病患者共 4 1例 ,分为 3组 ,分别在巩固化疗后 4 8h ,ANC降至 <0 5× 10 9/L和ANC降至 1 5× 10 9/L时使用G -CSF ,用至连续 2dANC>1 5× 10 9/L停药。观察ANC变化情况及感染的发生率。结果　化疗后 4 8h用药组 ,ANC持续ANC <1 5×10 9/L的天数 ,ANC恢复至≥ 1 5× 10 9/L所需的天数均 <其它 2组 (P <0 0 1) ,感染的发生率 <其它 2组 (P<0 0 1)。ANC最低值高于其它 2组 (P <0 0 1)。用药天数以ANC <0 5× 10 9/L ,预防用药组最少 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　对化疗后有发生粒细胞缺乏倾向的患者建议化疗结束后早期使用G -CSF。     

PEG-rhG-CSF注射液对乳腺癌术后化疗致中性粒细胞减少的防治效果

目的 探讨聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(PEG-rhG-CSF)注射液对乳腺癌术后化疗致中性粒细胞减少的防治作用.方法 法将89例术后接受化疗的乳腺癌患者分为观察组(PEG-rhG-CSF 100 μg/kg皮下注射1次)与对照组[rhG-CSF 5 μg·kg-1·d-1皮下注射,以外周血中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)至最低点后连续2次其值大于或等于5.0×109/L为宜],比较两组患者疗效及安全性.结果 观察组第2个高峰ANC水平明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组患者4度中性粒细胞减少率、抗生素使用率、4度中性粒细胞减少持续时间及其他不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组ANC由最低点上升至大于或等于2.0×109/L所需时间明显少于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 PEG-rhG-CSF 1次注射防治乳腺癌术后化疗致中性粒细胞减少效果与rhG-CSF多次注射相当,且未增加不良反应.     

急性白血病化疗后应用粒细胞集落刺激因子的时机探讨

目的　观察急性白血病化疗后不同时期使用粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G -CSF)的疗效。方法　随机选择急性白血病化疗病人 2 6例 ,分别在化疗结束后 4 8h(治疗组 )和中性粒细胞数 (ANC)≤ 0 .5× 10 9/L时 (对照组 )使用G -CSF ,观察ANC恢复时间及感染发生率。结果　治疗组ANC≥ 1.5× 10 9/L所需时间及感染发生率、发热持续天数均明显小于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　急性白血病化疗后早期使用G -CSF能进一步改善预后。     

洁欣防治肿瘤化疗所致的白细胞减少

目的研究基因、重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(thG-CSF洁欣),防治实体瘤化疗所致白细胞(WBC)和中性白细胞(ANC)减少的临床效果及不良反应.方法对化疗后白细胞＜2.5×109/L,中性粒细胞＜1.2×109/L的40例肿瘤患者分成观察组、对照组.观察组给于洁欣治疗,对照组口服利血生.结果洁欣可明显减轻化疗所致WBC和ANC下降程度,缩短WBC和ANC降至正常值以下持续时间,促进WBC和ANC早日恢复,有助于化疗按期进行.主要不良反应有轻度发热、骨肌肉疼痛.结论洁欣是一种有价值的化疗辅助药物.     

G-CSF对儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病诱导缓解治疗作用

目的探讨粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）在儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病诱导缓解治疗中的作用。方法初治儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病诱导化疗后中性粒细胞绝对计数（ANC）≤0.5×10^9/L者46例,分为2组。治疗组给予VDLD方案化疗同时加用G-CSF,对照组给予VDLD方案化疗同时加用复方皂矾丸,观察两组化疗效果、ANC恢复时间、感染率、发热持续时间等。结果化疗效果两组间差异无显著意义,ANC恢复时间、发热持续时间、抗生素治疗时间以及住院时间,治疗组均明显短于对照组,感染率治疗组明显低于对照组,未发现G-CSF副作用。结论G-CSF可加速中性粒细胞恢复,缩短粒细胞减少时间,降低感染发生率及严重程度,用于儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病的辅助治疗是安全有效的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.