鼻内镜鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗复发性泪囊炎

目的探讨鼻腔泪囊造口术后复发患者,再次手术中的常见问题及其防治措施。方法2003年7月至2008年7月我科共收治鼻腔泪囊造口术后复发患者44例（44眼）,探讨再次手术中常见问题及防治措施,所有患者术后随访6个月至1年以上,观察疗效。结果术中常见的问题依次为出血、泪囊定位、骨孔大小及位置、造口的大小以及鼻及鼻窦疾病等。术后44例患者,有41例溢泪等症状完全消失,手术成功率达93.18%。结论专业的设备、熟练的手术操作、熟悉泪囊的解剖和适当的处理,有助于我们正确处理术中常见的各种问题,提高手术的成功率。     

眼内光导纤维引导下经内镜鼻腔泪囊造口术

目的：寻找用于经内镜鼻腔泪囊造口术时引导泪囊定位的方法。方法：在眼内光导纤维引导下对7例（8眼）慢性泪囊炎患者进行鼻腔泪囊定位。结果：7例患者均顺利完成手术,术中出血10～20ml,术后恢复良好,无感染。5例患者行二次手术,均留置麻醉导管3～6个月后拔管,拔管后每个月行泪囊冲洗1次。随访1年以上无再阻塞,无并发症发生。结论：眼内光导纤维可用于经内镜鼻腔泪囊造口术中进行泪囊定位。     

鼻内镜下经鼻泪囊鼻腔造口术

我科于1998年3月～2001年6月在鼻内镜下经鼻行泪囊鼻腔造口术32例,取得良好效果,报告如下。1 资料与方法 32例中男8例,女24例;年龄19～75岁。32例中慢性泪囊炎30例,鼻内镜手术鼻泪管损伤2例。均溢泪明显,长期或问歇溢脓,泪道冲洗提示泪囊以下狭窄、阻塞。其中3     

改良鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术

目的提高鼻腔泪囊造口术的成功率。方法于泪囊在鼻腔外侧壁的投影，即中鼻甲的前端，鼻丘处，“工”形切开鼻腔黏膜，形成前后二个“门”形黏膜瓣，磨开骨壁，造口约1?cm，泪囊内侧壁也做同样较小的“工”形切开，形成相似的“门”形泪囊壁瓣，将其前后分别与鼻腔黏膜瓣对应缝合，覆盖骨性造口缘，使造口表面光滑，无纤维肉芽和瘢痕组织形成，不易造成阻塞。硬膜外麻醉导管自泪点进入泪道系统，并自下鼻道鼻泪管开口及造口处拉出，形成两条通道。结果术后7?d拆除固定于造口处的导管上的高分子膨胀材料，“门”形瓣缝合处已愈合，无黏膜的上下部分骨面已有上皮爬行，造口表面黏膜红润、光滑，冲洗泪道通畅，溢泪症状消失。本组慢性泪囊炎的治愈率为97%。结论本改良鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术的造口光滑，不易形成肉芽。而硬膜外麻醉导管所形成的第二条通道，更加保证了手术的成功。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术探讨

目的 探讨经鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术方式、技巧及临床疗效。方法 采用鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎28例(30眼),术后在鼻内镜下行常规泪道冲洗及鼻腔清理换药。结果 所有病例随访6个月,治愈率93.33%,总有效率100% 。结论 经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎的理想方法,具有创伤性小、治愈率高、不影响美容的特点。     

鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造口术

慢性泪囊炎的治疗方法传统为泪囊鼻腔吻合术，颜面部遗留瘢痕。手术操作烦杂，时间长。我院自１９９６年２月起开展鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造口术，效果满意，报告如下。1 临床资料与方法1．１ 临床资料于门诊选择慢性泪囊炎成年人患者１５只眼，女９只，男6只；所有病例均为患眼溢泪、溢脓；病史３年～１２年不等；经药物系统治疗、冲洗及探通无效，无严重重要器官功能障碍及出血性疾病患者。1．２ 手术方法常规体位，消毒，２％地卡因鼻腔粘膜表面麻醉，１％利多卡因作鼻丘粘膜下浸润麻醉。如有鼻中隔弯曲、中鼻甲前端大等作相应处理。鼻外使用…     

经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗复发性泪囊炎

临床上鼻内径路和鼻外径路泪囊鼻腔造孔术后常因造孔狭窄或闭锁,导致手术失败,引起症状复发.再手术时要不要放置扩张管和如何放置一直有争议,我们在开展经典鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术的基础上对手术方法进行改良,将硅胶扩张管逆行置入泪囊,以硬膜外麻醉导管"环扎"法固定于泪道,行手术28例,取得了满意的效果,现报告如下.     

复发性泪囊炎经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔造孔术

目的评价复发性泪囊炎经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔造孔术的疗效。方法对38例(44眼)病人行鼻内镜下吻合口瘢痕组织切除,造孔留置支撑物2-3个月。结果经术后随访6个月-36个月,治愈40眼,占91％;好转2眼,无效2眼,各占4.5％。结论该手术方式效果确切,易操作,创伤小,不影响面部美观,是治疗复发性泪囊炎的一种理想方法。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的报告改良鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术的手术方法和疗效。方法由鼻内径路鼻内镜下施行鼻腔泪囊吻合术,治疗慢性泪囊炎共13例(14眼),术中做好骨窗后将泪囊壁向后翻转,剪除翻转的鼻腔黏膜约3.0mm后与泪囊黏膜对合一针。结果治愈12眼,好转1眼,无效1眼,有效率92.8%(13/14)。结论本术式操作简便,损伤小,恢复快,无面部瘢痕,疗效显著。     

鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的 探讨经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔吻合术的方法与临床效果。方法 1991年11月-2006年3月采用鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎患者144例（155眼）。回顾分析其临床资料，总结手术方法，观察临床疗效。结果 144例患者（155眼）术后随访1年，治愈率为87．7％（136／155），显效率4．5％（7／155），有效率1．9％（3／155），无效5．8％（9／155），总有效率94．2％（146／155）。结论 严格掌握手术适应证、熟悉有关解剖、牢记手术操作要点，鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎的一种有效方法，同时对鼻-鼻窦疾病的治疗及术后随访处理是提高鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术疗效的有效手段。     

改良鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的:探讨改良鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术方法及其疗效。方法:通过对造孔、泪囊黏膜瓣的切开及固定方式等的改良处理,在鼻内镜下完成泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎22例(23眼)。结果:术后随访6～10个月,平均8个月。22例(23眼)中,21例(22眼)治愈,症状完全消失,泪道冲洗畅通,内镜检查造孔通畅;1例(1眼)症状改善不明显。总有效率95.7%(22/23)。所有患者未出现严重并发症。结论:改良鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎明显提高了手术成功率,值得临床推广。     

External and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in chronic dacryocystitis: comparison of results

To compare external and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy outcomes in patients with chronic dacryocystitis, a total of 103 patients with the complaint of epiphora and diagnosed as chronic dacryocystitis were included in the study. We performed external dacryocystorhinostomy on 55 patients under local anesthesia and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy on 48 patients under general anesthesia by means of drill and placed silicon stents to all the patients. The patients were examined endoscopically, at postoperative intervals of 1 week, first month, third month, sixth month and the first year. The patency of the tubes and nasolacrimal ducts were evaluated by irrigation and complaints of the patients were noted. Silicon stents were harvested at the sixth week postoperatively. Outcomes were classified as successful when epiphora diminished, no recurrent infection was noted and minimal or no reflux from the canaliculis during or after lacrimal irrigation was seen. A prospective endoscopic surgery group was compared to a prospective control group (external dacryocystorhinostomy). Full success was achieved in 69.9% of the patients with external dacryocystorhinostomy group whereas the full success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy was 89.7%. Recently popularized endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is a safe and reliable procedure with high success rates.     

经鼻内镜鼻腔泪囊开放术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的 分析经鼻内镜鼻腔泪囊开放术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术方式及治疗效果。方法 收治慢性泪囊炎患者30例,均行鼻内镜下泪囊开放术,术后行泪道冲洗,随访6~12个月,观察手术疗效。结果 手术均顺利进行,30例术中、术后均无并发症发生,治愈28例(93.3%),好转2例(6.6%)。结论 鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊开放术视野清晰、无面部瘢痕,治疗慢性泪囊炎效果良好,符合外科手术微创和美容的要求。     

The application of endoscopic sinus surgery to the treatment of recurrent sinus barotrauma

Recurrent sinus barotrauma is an uncommon condition but it may terminate the career of an aviator. Sinus barotrauma occurs almost exclusively on descent and probably results from occlusion of the sinus ostia through a combination of mucosal disease and anatomical abnormalities. Traditional methods of treating sinus barotrauma have achieved mixed results so we have employed functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) since 1990. The presentation and outcome of 39 patients with recurrent sinus barotrauma managed by FESS have been reviewed. Ninety-five per cent were able to resume their full flying duties without further treatment or recurrence of sinus barotrauma. Passing a postoperative decompression testing is a reliable indicator of an aviators's fitness to fly after FESS.     

修正性鼻内镜手术治疗复发性 慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床分析

目的探讨修正性鼻内镜手术治疗复发性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床疗效分析。方法回顾性分析2011年1月~2016年1月收治的68例复发性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,所有患者均在鼻内镜下行规范化修正性手术,并在围手术期进行规范化的综合处理,对患者进行术后12个月以上随访,观察其对临床疗效的影响。结果68例复发性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者术后1年,不伴鼻息肉41例,总有效率为90.2%,伴鼻息肉27例,总有效率为81%,均未发生严重眶内及颅内并发症。结论鼻内镜手术疗效显著,具有十分重要的临床意义。     

Sorbalgon藻酸钙敷料在功能性鼻内镜手术中的应用

目的：选择有效的鼻腔堵塞止血材料。方法：比较功能性鼻内镜手术凡士林纱条和Sorbalgon藻酸钙敷料鼻腔堵塞止血效果及堵塞后鼻腔反应情况。结果：应用Sorbalgon藻酸钙敷料止血效果好，头痛及鼻腔疼痛较轻，抽除堵塞物时鼻腔很少出血，术后鼻粘膜反应轻。结论：Sorbalgon藻酸钙敷料是一种良好的鼻腔，鼻窦手术后堵塞止血材料。     

Diagnosis and treatment of chronic epiphora and recurrent dacryocystitis

The goal of this article is to highlight relevant diagnostic tools to assess chronic epiphora and recurrent dacryocystitis in order to avoid unnecessary diagnostic explorations. Probing of the canaliculi is important for the differential diagnosis of chronic epiphora. Surgical steps are detailed, such as the inferiorly based mucosal flap on the AGGER NASI, which is repositioned at the end of the surgery improving wound healing on the lateral wall. Potential complications are presented, as well as measures to avoid and to treat them. Long-term follow-up of 750 endoscopic DCR confirms the good results in more than 90% after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomies in adults and in children.     

The microbiology of recurrent rhinosinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the microbiology of recurrent sinus infections occurring in patients after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). DESIGN: Retrospective review of sinus cultures obtained over a 4-year period from a consecutive series of patients who underwent ESS. SETTING: An academic general otolaryngology practice. RESULTS: A total of 290 cultures were performed in 125 patients after ESS. The female-male ratio of cultures was 2.5:1 with an average patient age of 47.3 years. This group of patients represents 14.5% of 860 patients who underwent ESS during the same period. A total of 65 patients had 1 culture performed, and 60 patients had multiple cultures. Of the 290 culture specimens, 87 (30.0%) demonstrated no growth. Gram-positive cocci predominated, accounting for 37.9% of culture results. Gram-negative rods constituted 14.8% of the isolates. Of the cultures yielding gram-negative rods, 90.7% occurred in patients who had multiple cultures (P = .03). Fungal forms were cultured in 1.7% of the specimens. None of the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates demonstrated penicillin-based resistance. The percentages of beta-lactamase-producing strains for Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella (Moraxella) catarrhalis were 45.4% and 81.8%, respectively. Staphylococcal species also exhibited significant antibiotic resistance patterns, but no statistical association with multiple cultures was noted (P = .23). CONCLUSIONS: A wide range of bacteria may be present in the infected post-ESS sinus cavity, with a considerable population of gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas species. Beta-Lactamase-producing organisms continue to be prevalent in postoperative sinus infections. Culture and sensitivity analyses of pathologic secretions may identify drug-resistant organisms or organisms related to difficult-to-treat infections in exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis in the postoperative setting.     

The role of endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic sinonasal sarcoidosis

The aim of this study was to define a role for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in the treatment of chronic sinonasal sarcoidosis. All patients seen for sinonasal sarcoidosis in an otolaryngology practice in a tertiary care center from 1991 to 2000 were reviewed. Of 86 patients, 6 were treated with ESS for an operative rate of 7%. Surgeries were performed on those patients with significant sinonasal anatomic blockage. This included nasal obstruction from nasal polyposis and chronic and recurrent acute sinusitis from granulomatous lesions of the ostiomeatal complex. Patients remained symptom free for years after surgery on a nasal steroid regimen. Endoscopic sinus surgery is a viable treatment for those few patients with nasal obstruction or chronic sinusitis due to anatomic blockage from sinonasal sarcoidosis. Although it does not eradicate the disease or prevent recurrence, it does markedly improve quality of life by relieving severe symptoms and reducing the need for systemic steroids. This is the first study to advocate a role for surgery in sinonasal sarcoidosis beyond biopsy and management of complications. Although it may not be the appropriate approach for every patient, ESS certainly should be considered in the treatment options.