Blood rheology in patients with transient ischemic attacks

A complete ischemic stroke is associated with a significant hemorheologic disturbance leading to a rise of the viscous component of the peripheral resistance. This abnormality represents a consequence of the acute event. Nonetheless, it could be causally related to ischemia. In an attempt to clarify this question, 26 patients suffering from transient ischemic attacks were compared with controls in terms of blood and plasma viscosity, hematocrit, blood cell filterability, and erythrocyte aggregation. In patients there was a significant impairment of blood fluidity comprising plasma viscosity, blood cell filterability, and erythrocyte aggregation, suggesting that the flow properties of blood are jeopardized even before an acute stroke. Most likely this is due to the underlying arteriosclerotic process. Our results open the way to speculating that hemorheologic mechanisms might predispose to the development of a stroke by decreasing cerebral blood flow. If this hypothesis were true, it would have important therapeutic implications.     

创伤性颅内出血病人并发深静脉血栓形成的危险因素

目的 探讨创伤性颅内出血病人并发深静脉血栓形成的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2015年6月至2018年6月收治的260例创伤性颅内出血病人的临床资料。使用多因素logistics回归分析检验创伤性颅内出血病人并发深静脉血栓形成的危险因素。结果 260例中,60例并发深静脉血栓形成,发生率为23.1%。多因素logistics回归分析显示出血量>50 ml、入院GCS评分≤8分、多发伤、急性生理与慢性健康量表Ⅱ评分≥20分、合并糖尿病、机械通气、住院时间≥30 d、术后下床活动时间≥7 d、血清D-二聚体≥1.5 ng/ml是创伤性颅内出血病人并发深静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 创伤性颅内出血病人继发深静脉血栓形成的发生率较高,病情重、多发伤、合并糖尿病、术后下床活动延迟和血清D-二聚体水平增高是创伤性颅内出血病人并发深静脉血栓形成的独立危险因素。     

Contribution of multiple thrombophilic and transient risk factors in the development of cerebral venous thrombosis

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) have been associated with thrombophilic defects. However, in contrast to DVT or PE, CVT is a rare disease. We performed a study to identify differences in thrombotic risk profile, predisposing to CVT rather than DVT or PE, particularly the contribution of oral contraception and 11 thrombophilic defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single center case-control study (63 CVT cases and 209 controls with DVT or PE) was performed. RESULTS: Of CVT patients, 11% had experienced prior DVT or PE, and none had recurrent CVT at 5 years follow-up. CVT was more frequently observed in females (79% versus 51%, P<0.001). It was more often secondary (75% versus 50%, P<0.001), mainly due to the difference in age between both groups. At presentation of CVT and DVT/PE, oral contraceptives were used by 78% and 74% of non-pregnant fertile women (P=0.8), respectively. Any thrombophilic defect was demonstrated in 88% of CVT and 75% of DVT/PE patients (P=0.22), sex and age matched. Individual and two or more defects were equally distributed among both groups. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a majority of CVT and DVT or PE patients show single or multiple thrombophilic defects. At presentation, oral contraceptive intake was observed more frequently in CVT patients. However, no differences were observed in thrombotic risk profile between both groups of comparable age. Hence, additional unknown risk factors should be considered to explain the different sites of thrombosis in these patients.     

Superficial venous thrombosis: prevalence of common genetic risk factors and their role on spreading to deep veins

Introduction

Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) has been considered for a long time a limited clinical condition with a low importance, but this approach has changed in recent years, when several studies demonstrated spreading to deep veins occurring from 7.3 to 44%, with high prevalence of pulmonary embolism.

Materials and methods

To evaluate the prevalence of genetic risk factors for VTE in patients suffering from SVT on both normal and varicose vein, and to understand their role on spreading to deep veins, we studied 107 patients with SVT, without other risk factors. Ultrasound examination was performed, and the presence of FV Leiden, Prothrombin G20210A mutation, and MTHFR C677T mutation was researched.

Results

In the patients where SVT occurred in normal veins, the presence of FV Leiden was 26.3% of the non-spreading and 60% of the spreading to deep veins SVT; Prothrombin mutation was found in 7.9% of the former case and in 20% of the latter; MTHFR C677T mutation was found respectively in 23.7% and 40%. In the patients with SVT on varicose veins, the presence of these factors was less evident (6.7%, 4.4% and 6.7% respectively), but their prevalence was considerably higher (35.7%, 7.4% and 21.4% respectively) in SVT spreading to deep veins than in non-spreading.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate the high prevalence of these mutations, especially FV Leiden and associations, in patients with SVT on normal veins and their role in the progression to deep vein system.     

Blood rheology, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease: the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study

The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS) showed that pravastatin reduced the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events in 6,595 middle-aged hypercholesterolaemic men aged 45-64 years without prior myocardial infarction followed for an average of 4.9 years. We hypothesised prospectively (a) that baseline levels of haemorheological variables were related to baseline and incident CHD and to mortality; and (b) that reduction in lipoproteins by pravastatin would lower plasma and blood viscosity, a potential contributory mechanism to CHD events. We therefore studied plasma and blood viscosity, fibrinogen, haematocrit, and blood cell counts at baseline and 1 year. At baseline, plasma and blood viscosity were related to risk factors, CHD measures, and claudication. On univariate analysis, baseline levels of all rheological variables (except platelet count) were related to incident CHD; CHD mortality; and total mortality. On multivariate analysis including baseline CHD and risk factors, plasma and blood viscosity, haematocrit and white cell count each remained significantly associated with incident CHD; while fibrinogen remained an independent predictor of mortality (all p < 0.03). After one year, lipoprotein reduction by pravastatin was associated with significant reductions (about one quarter of a standard deviation) in plasma viscosity (mean difference 0.02 mPa.s, p <0.001) and in blood viscosity (mean difference 0.06 mPa.s, p<0.001), but was not associated with significant changes in other rheological variables. We therefore suggest that pravastatin therapy, which reduces elevated lipoproteins in hypercholesterolaemic men, may lower risks of CHD and mortality partly by lowering plasma and blood viscosity. Further studies are required to test this hypothesis.     

重症脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素及预防

目的探讨神经重症(NICU)脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的相关危险因素,观察低分子肝素(LMWH)及气压治疗(IPC)对DVT的预防效果。方法回顾性分析270例NICU脑梗死患者临床资料,通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析NICU脑梗死患者并发DVT的独立危险因素;在LMWH与IPC干预下,统计NICU脑梗死患者DVT发生情况;彩超观察DVT发生的特点。结果单因素分析发现,卧床时间、机械通气时间、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、入院NIHSS评分、静脉穿刺部位、刺激性药物应用、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、纤维蛋白原、凝血酶原时间、D-二聚体与DVT发生相关(P0.05),抗凝药物及抗血小板药物为保护因素(P0.05),性别、吸烟史差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析进一步证,实年龄、卧床时间、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原水平是影响DVT的独立危险因素,抗凝药物、抗血小板药物为保护因素(P0.05)。LMWH联合IPC预防DVT效果最好(P0.05),单独应用LMWH、IPC效果也优于常规预防(P0.05)。结论 NICU脑梗死患者是DVT高发人群,存在多种发生DVT的高危因素,预防性使用LMWH联合IPC可显著降低DVT发生。     

Minor events and the risk of deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis is a common disease, with genetic and acquired risk factors. Many patients have a history of minor events (short periods of immobilisation such as prolonged travel, short illness, minor surgery or injuries) before onset of venous thrombosis. However, the role of these minor events has received little formal study. Also, we do not know how minor events might interact with the presence of genetic prothrombotic defects (factor V Leiden mutation, factor II mutation, protein C, S and antithrombin deficiency). PATIENTS AND METHODS: On the basis of case-control data from a thrombosis service in the Netherlands, we added a follow-up period for a case-cross-over analysis of minor events as risk factors, and a case-only analysis for the interaction with factor V Leiden. A total of 187 patients with first, objectively diagnosed venous thrombosis of the legs, aged 15-70, without underlying malignancies and without major acquired risk factors entered the study. For the analysis of minor events in the case-cross-over analysis, we used a matched odds ratio; in the case-only analysis, we used the multiplicative synergy index. RESULTS: In 32.6% of the 187 patients with deep venous thrombosis who did not have major acquired risk factors, minor events were the only external risk factors. Minor events increased the risk of thrombosis about 3-fold, as estimated in the case-cross-over analysis (odds ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.5-5.4). The synergy index between minor events and factor V Leiden mutation in the case-only analysis was 0.7 (95% confidence interval 0.3-1.5). Therefore, persons with factor V Leiden mutation who experience a minor event will have an estimated risk increase of about 17-fold, which exceeds the sum of the individual risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Minor events are likely to play an important role in the development of deep venous thrombosis, especially in the presence of genetic prothrombotic conditions.     

脑卒中患者早期下肢深静脉血栓形成的研究

目的探讨脑卒中患者早期下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的危险因素。方法对144例发病48 hrs内的脑卒中住院患者于入院后24 h内行D-二聚体(DD)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平测定,并于发病后3d和14d进行双下肢深静脉超声检测,确定下肢早期DVT的发生率;通过比较脑卒中后早发DVT组与非DVT组患者相关临床信息,筛选脑卒中后下肢DVT发生的危险因素。结果脑卒中后患者早期下肢DVT发生率为6.3%。Logistic回归分析显示中重度脑卒中、CPR及FIB升高是脑卒中患者早期DVT的独立危险因素。结论脑卒中患者是发生DVT的高危人群,对CRP、FIB升高的严重脑卒中患者进行DVT监测和预防是十分必要的。     

脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素分析

目的了解脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率,并分析其危险因素。方法选取西南医科大学附属医院自2018年3月至2019年11月收治的431例脑梗死患者的临床资料信息,根据是否发生下肢深静脉血栓分为血栓组(52例)和非血栓组(379例),比较两组临床资料,分析相关危险因素。结果两组在年龄(≥60岁)、高血压病史、糖尿病病史、高脂血症病史、恶性肿瘤病史、合并感染、NIHSS评分≥16分、脱水剂应用≥4次/d、卧床时间≥14 d、行介入治疗、服用氯吡格雷等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,合并高血压、脱水剂使用次数≥4次/d、NIHSS评分≧16分、合并感染是脑梗死患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑梗死患者发生下肢深静脉血栓是多种因素共同作用的结果。     

Sex-specific risk factors for recurrent venous thromboembolism

Background

Men have higher risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) than women but this sex difference remains unexplained. In addition, whether men and women share same risk factors for recurrent VTE is unclear.

Methods

In a prospective cohort study, 583 patients (234 men and 349 women) aged 18 to 90, with a first idiopathic VTE, were followed for an average of 28 months. We assessed the association between baseline characteristics and VTE recurrence by gender.

Results

Recurrent VTE occurred in 38 women and 36 men (incidence = 4.6% and 7.5% per year respectively; HR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.6). This relation between sex and recurrent VTE was more pronounced in patients younger than 50 years and in the presence of factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation. Multivariate analyses showed that obesity (HR, 2.8 (95% CI, 1.3-6.0)) and aging (HR, 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1-1.4) per 10 years increase) were related to an increased risk of recurrent VTE in women while FVL mutation (HR, 3.5 (95% CI, 1.5-8.1)) was a risk factor of recurrent VTE among men.

Conclusion

Men and women do not share the same risk factors for recurrent VTE. Consequently, gender has to be taken into account to improve the risk stratification and prevention of VTE recurrence.     

Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis in the population-based Malmö thrombophilia study (MATS). Epidemiology, risk factors, recurrence risk, and mortality

Background

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is much less common in the upper than in the lower extremity. Furthermore, there is limited information on risk factors for and the prognosis of upper extremity (UE)DVT in the general population.

Aims

To estimate incidence, risk factors, and prognosis in UEDVT.

Material and methods

Among a total of 1203 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosed during 1998-2006 in the prospective population-based Malmö thrombophilia study, 63 (5%, 33 men [52%, age 54 ± 17 years], and 30 women [48%, age 55 ± 22 years]) had UEDVT and were evaluated concerning risk factors, treatment, recurrent VTE, and mortality.

Results

At diagnosis, 19(30%) patients had known malignancy and 6(10%) had VTE heredity. Among female UEDVT patients 4(13%) used hormone therapy, 1(3%) was pregnant, while none was in the postpartum period. Of all 63 UEDVT patients, 12(19%) were heterozygous, and 3(5%) homozygous for the Factor V Leiden (FVL)-mutation. Two (3%) patients were heterozygous for the prothrombin mutation, and 1 patient (1.6%) showed both heterozygous FVL-mutation and lupus anticoagulant antibodies. Phlebography had been used for diagnosis in 48(76%), ultrasonography in 16(25%), and computer tomography (CT) in 9(14%) patients. Twenty-two patients (35%) were treated in hospital, and the remaining 41(65%) as out-patients. Sixty-two (98%) was treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMH), 60(95%) with oral anticoagulants (OAC), 3(5%) with unfractionated heparin, and 3(5%) with thrombolysis. VTE recurrence rate during median 62 (range 31-117) month of follow-up was 8/63(13%). Fifteen (24%) UEDVT patients died during follow-up; 9(47%) of the 19 patients with known malignancy at diagnosis and 6(14%) of the other patients. Yearly incidence of UEDVT was 3.6/100.000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3 – 4.03).

Conclusion

Malignancies and the FVL mutation were common among patients with UEDVT. Mortality during follow-up vas high.     

Arterial, venous and other vascular risk factors in multiple sclerosis

Purpose of review: This article reviews vascular risk factors with specific emphasis on lipid abnormalities reported to be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent findings: The current paradigm of MS, supported only partially by MS lesion histopathology and its animal model (experimental allergic encephalomyelitis) considers MS to be a predominantly autoimmune disease. Until recently, most of the known risk factors for MS were interpreted in the context of the autoimmune theory, which still fails to explain why genetically close populations exposed to similar pathogens and/or environmental risk factors have different incidences of MS. Therapies which partially modulate the inflammatory arm of MS pathogenesis, fail to achieve similar benefits in later disease stages, when less inflammatory lesions and more neurodegeneration are present. Several studies have reported an increased cardiovascular morbidity in MS patients and that vascular comorbidity at any time during the disease course also increased the risk of progressive disability. A condition named chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency provided a different perspective, on the possible association of MS with the abnormalities of the venous system. Our recent findings revealed increased prevalence of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency associated with MS disease progression as well as with other neurologic disorders. On the other hand, recently emerging evidence indicates that there is an association between lipoproteins and cholesterol metabolism and MS disease progression. Expanded disability status scale worsening was associated with higher baseline low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol, and higher serum high-density lipoprotein levels were associated with lower contrast-enhancing T1-weigthed lesion volume. It is thought that apolipoprotein A-1 and paraoxonase anti-oxidant enzyme are associated with high-density lipoprotein and contribute to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. A significant inter-dependence was also recently demonstrated between vitamin D, one of the best known environmental risk factors for MS and MS disease progression and the serum lipid profile. Future work in this direction is required in order to better elucidate the role of lipid metabolism and vascular pathology in pathogenesis of MS.     

Incidence and risk factors of symptomatic venous thromboembolism related to implanted ports in cancer patients

Introduction

The true incidence of symptomatic implanted port related venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients is unclear and there is very limited data on its associated risk factors.

Materials and methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive cancer outpatients who received an ultrasound guided implanted port insertion for the administration of chemotherapy. The primary outcome measure was symptomatic VTE. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for symptomatic VTE.

Results

A total of 400 cancer patients with a newly inserted implanted port for deliverance of chemotherapy were included in the study. Median age was 58 years (range of 21 to 85 years) and 120 (30%) were males. Patients were followed for a median of 12 months and none received thrombophrophylaxis. Of the 400 patients included in the analysis, 34 patients (8.5%; 95% CI: 6.0 to 11.7%) had symptomatic VTE (16 DVTs, 16 PEs, and 2 with both). In the univariate analyses, metastatic disease, male gender and right sided implanted port insertion were significantly associated with the risk of VTE. In the multiple-variable analysis, male gender (OR 2.17, p = 0.04) and presence of metastases (OR 8.22, p < 0.01) were the two significant independent predictors of implanted port related VTE.

Conclusion

Symptomatic VTE is a frequent complication in cancer patients with implanted port receiving chemotherapy. Gender and presence of metastatic disease are independent risk factors for symptomatic VTE. Future trials assessing the role of thromboprophylaxis among these higher risk patients are needed.     

Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction

Recently it has been hypothesized that leukocyte rheology could be a relevant variable of the microcirculation during cerebral ischemia. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on the rheologic behavior of leukocytes in vascular diseases. This study aimed at quantifying the filterability through Nuclepore filters (mean pore diameter 5 microns) of both leukocyte subpopulations and red blood cells in patients with acute stroke compared with age-matched healthy controls. Leukocytes were separated by density into polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells. Filterability of the red blood cells and polymorphonuclear and mononuclear subpopulations in buffer was measured using a constant-flow and low-positive pressure system. We used one-way analysis of variance, signed rank sum, and simple and multiple regression tests for statistical analysis. Twenty consecutive male patients with acute ischemic infarction were compared with 20 age-matched healthy subjects. Mononuclear cell filterability was impaired in acute stroke (7.26 +/- 2.00) compared with the controls (5.55 +/- 1.23) (p less than 0.01). Polymorphonuclear cell filterability was less, but still significantly (p less than 0.05), impaired in acute infarction (5.75 +/- 0.87 vs. 4.19 +/- 0.43). The results show that leukocyte and, especially, mononuclear cell filterability is impaired in acute infarction, while no differences exist in red blood cell filterability.     

急性脑卒中住院患者深静脉血栓研究

目的探讨脑卒中患者发生深静脉血栓(DVT)的危险因素。方法对47例入选的的脑卒中患者空腹抽血,进行D-二聚体、抗心磷脂抗体、同型半胱氨酸、C反应蛋白等检测,同时进行双下肢血管超声检查,并通过Logistic回归分析寻找脑卒中患者发生DVT的危险因素。结果47例脑卒中患者中,13例出现了DVT,发生率为27.7%。DVT组的D-dimer、HCA、CRP水平均高于非DVT组,差异有显著性(P0.05)。ACA在两组间未见显著性差异。经Logistic回归分析示D-二聚体和HCA是造成卒中患者发生DVT的独立危险因素。结论D-二聚体和HCA可能是造成卒中患者发生DVT的独立危险因素。     

卒中后深静脉血栓形成调查及危险因素探讨

目的 调查卒中后急性期和随访期深静脉血栓形成(DVT)发生率,并探讨DVT发生的危险因素.方法 采用多中心、前瞻性研究设计.所有患者于发病后10～14 d进行双下肢静脉超声检查,出院后继续随访6个月.计算出卒中后急性期和随访期DVT发生率.通过比较卒中后并发DVT与卒中后无DVT的患者多种相关因素,筛选出卒中后DVT发生的危险因素.结果 卒中急性期DVT发生率为4.49%,其中有DVT症状者为51.6%,无症状者为48.4%;多因素Logistic分析显示:年龄(≥70岁,OR=1.63,95%CI 1.08～2.84)、卧床(OR=4.85,95%CI 2.65～9.68)、Wells评分≥2(OR=3.96,95%CI 1.86～7.86)、下肢NIHSS评分≥3分(OR=4.56,95%CI 2.07～8.85)、D-二聚体水平高(OR=3.45,95%CI 2.01～8.52)、Barthel指数(BI)评分低(OR=2.98,95%CI 1.52～6.47)、是否康复治疗(OR=1.82,95%CI 1.22～3.43)、是否抗凝治疗(OR=1.91,95%CI 1.34～4.92)是急性期卒中患者DVT发生的独立危险因素,其中康复治疗和抗凝治疗是保护因素;卒中随访期DVT发生率为1.51%,年龄(≥70岁,OR=1.82,95%CI 1.21～3.98)、出院后仍卧床(OR=5.12,95% CI 2.82～11.32)、出院时下肢NIHSS评分≥3分(OR=4.25,95%CI 2.11～7.87)、出院时BI评分低(OR=2.18,95%CI 1.18～6.23)、急性期有DVT(OR=3.81,95% CI 1.87～7.48)是随访期卒中患者DVT发生的独立危险因素.结论 卒中后DVT多发生于老年患者,48.4%DVT无症状,卒中患者发生DVT的独立危险因素多,对有上述危险因素卒中患者进行DVT监测和预防干预十分必要,康复治疗和抗凝治疗可能能降低DVT的发生.     

The incidence and risk factors of recurrent venous thromboembolism during pregnancy

Introduction

Recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy is a challenging topic with relatively few publications. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence and the risk factors of recurrent antepartum VTE in women with a history of at least one previous VTE episode.

Materials and Methods

This observational cohort study involved 270 pregnant women (369 pregnancies) with at least one previous episode of VTE. The risk factors of recurrent antepartum VTE were identified by using group A (women without recurrent venous thromboembolism VTE) as a control group for group B (women with recurrent VTE despite LMWH (low molecular weight heparin) prophylaxis) and C (women with VTE recurrence in early pregnancy before the planned initiation of LMWH prophylaxis).

Results and Conclusions

The incidence of recurrent VTE was 7.6% (n = 28).Twelve recurrent VTEs in ten women (3.3%) developed during early pregnancy before initiation of LMWH and sixteen recurrent VTEs (4.3%) developed in 15 women despite LMWH prophylaxis.In women with recurrent antepartum VTE, the incidence of a history of two or more previous VTEs (group A vs. B: 5.7% vs. 40.0%, p < 0.001; group A vs. C: 5.7% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.022), previous VTE in connection with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (group A vs. B: 2.6% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.012) and a history of VTE related to hormonal risk factors (group A vs. B: 60.4% vs. 93.3%, p = 0.011) was significantly higher compared to those with successful LMWH-prophylaxis. The percentage of the women with long-term anticoagulation was also significantly higher among the women with recurrent antepartum VTE (group A vs. B: 7.6% vs. 46.7%, p < 0.001) compared to those with successful LMWH-prophylaxis. The risk of antepartum recurrent VTE is considerable in women with a history of two or more previous VTEs, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome or long-term anticoagulation. The antepartum prophylaxis with prophylactic dose of LMWH or even with intermediate dose of LMWH might not be sufficient in this high-risk population.     

急性脑梗死患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素及近期预后分析

目的研究急性脑梗死患者发生下肢深静脉血栓形成(LDVT)的相关危险因素,及其对患者近期预后的影响。方法分析2012年11月-2015年9月本院神经内科诊治的急性脑梗死患者536例,统计下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率并探讨其危险因素,及其对患者近期预后的影响。结果急性脑梗死患者发生LDVT的比例为8.4%,经多因素Logistic回归分析,NIHSS评分、血D2聚体水平及糖尿病是急性脑梗死发生LDVT的危险因素。与非LDVT组相比,LDVT组的患者发病1个月之内死亡率高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者发生LDVT概率较高,NIHSS评分及糖尿病是脑梗死合并LDVT的危险因素,而D2聚体对急性脑梗死患者合并LDVT存在一定预测价值。