卡介菌多糖核酸对SLE患者辅助T细胞因子和疾病活动性的影响

为研究卡介菌多糖核酸（BCG-PSN）对SLE患者辅助T(Th)细胞因子及疾病活动性的影响。将SLE患者分为处理组34例和对照组32例，于治疗产后采用ELISA法检测患者血清中细胞因子水平，并评估疾病活性。治疗后处理γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）、白介素（IL）-4、IL-10均降至正常；治疗后对照组IFN-γ水平低于正常，而IL-4、IL-10水平仍高于正常，处理组疾病活动降低的程度明显优于对照组。提示BCG-PSN可作为SLE的一种辅助治疗方法。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对寻常型银屑病患者外周血单一核细胞产生干扰素-γ和白细胞介素-4的影响

目的探讨卡介菌多糖核酸对寻常型银屑病患者外周血单一核细胞(PBMCs)产生干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-4的影响。方法用ELISA法各检测30例来源于正常对照组、银屑病组及卡介菌多糖核酸组外周血单一核细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ和IL-4的量。结果卡介菌多糖核酸组IFN-γ水平明显低于银屑病组而高于正常对照(P<0.05),IL-4水平在三组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论卡介菌多糖核酸可通过降低IFN-γ的水平而对银屑病起到治疗作用。     

糖皮质激素对SLE患者Th1/Th2类细胞因子mRNA表达及产生的影响

目的 探讨糖皮质激素治疗对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单一核细胞(PBMC)中Th1/Th2类细胞因子mRNA表达及产生的影响.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应和酶联免疫吸附试验检测糖皮质激素治疗前后SLE患者PBMC中Th1类细胞因子干扰素γ(IFN-γ)和Th2类细胞因子白介素4(IL-4)、白介素10(IL-10)mRNA表达和产生的变化.结果 经糖皮质激素治疗后SLE患者PBMC产生IFN-γ,IL-4和IL-10水平分别为(74.08±15.85)pg/mL,(246.43±45.25)pg/mL,(549.52±67.00)pg/mL;mRNA平均表达水平分别为0.3298±0.2181,0.4951±0.2938,0.8671±0.6620.治疗前IFN-γ,IL-4和IL-10水平分别为(113.5±27.6)pg/mL,(272.97±33.78)pg/mL,(625.32±104.61)pg/mL;mRNA平均表达水平分别为1.4094±0.6317,0.6872±0.4713,1.1758±0.6255;治疗后各细胞因子水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01);但IFN-γ较IL-4,IL-10降低更为显著.结论 糖皮质激素可通过影响SLE患者细胞因子mRNA表达和产生,调节Th1/Th2类细胞因子网络平衡,可能为糖皮质激素治疗SLE的机制之一.     

卡介菌多糖核酸调节特应性皮炎患者PBMC中NF-κB和Th1/Th2细胞因子的表达

目的探讨卡介菌多糖核酸对特应性皮炎患者外周血单一核细胞（PBMC）中NF—κB和IL-4、IgE、IFN-γ、IL-12表达的影响。方法采用NF—κB p65 ELISA试剂盒检测NF—κB，所有细胞因子均用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测。结果特应性皮炎患者PBMC经卡介菌多糖核酸干预后NF—κB活性降低（P=0．003），细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-12明显升高（P=0．000），而IgE水平下降（P=0．009），IL-4干预前后则无明显改变（P〉0．05）。干预前后NF—κB活性变化量与IFN-γ、IL-12表达水平的变化呈显著负相关，与IL-4、IgE则无显著相关性。结论卡介菌多糖核酸可能通过抑制NF—κB的活化，上调IFN-γ、IL-12表达而发挥治疗作用。     

斑秃患者外周血单一核细胞中Th1/Th2型细胞因子的表达

【摘　要】:目的:探讨斑秃患者外周血单一核细胞(PBMC)中Th1/Th2型细胞因子的表达状况与斑秃发病的关系。方法:用逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分别检测18例轻型斑秃、24例重型斑秃患者及20例正常人外周血单一核细胞(PBMC)经PHA刺激后具有代表性的Th1型细胞因子：γ干扰素（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子β（TNF-β）和具有代表性的Th2细胞因子白介素4（ IL-4）、白介素10（IL-10）的表达水平。结果:经PHA刺激后轻型斑秃患者PBMC中Th1型细胞因子(IFN-γ、TNF-β)基因表达水平明显升高,与正常对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0. 05);Th2型细胞因子(IL-4、 IL-10)基因表达水平下降,显著低于正常对照组(P<0. 05);重型斑秃患者PBMC中Th1型细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-12)基因表达不仅显著高于正常对照组(P<0. 05),而且还高于轻型斑秃病人(P<0. 05);Th2型细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)基因表达显著低于正常对照组(P<0. 05),与轻型斑秃病人比较有显著性差异。结论:斑秃患者PBMC中Th1/Th2型细胞因子基因表达失衡,表现以Th1型细胞因子基因过度表达为特征的Th1型反应,可能参与了斑秃的发病机制。 关键词:斑秃;细胞因子;基因表达; γ-干扰素; 肿瘤坏死因子-β; 白介素-4 ; 白介素-10 ;外周血单个核细胞;     

卡介菌多糖核酸对慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌干扰素γ和白介素4的影响

目的 探讨卡介菌多糖核酸治疗慢性荨麻疹的可能机制。 方法　用不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸处理慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞,并设立健康对照组。用免疫细胞化学法和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测卡介菌多糖核酸作用96 h后淋巴细胞分泌干扰素（IFN）-γ和白介素（IL）-4的水平。　结果　慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞IFN-γ的表达量明显低于健康对照组（P < 0.05）,经不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸作用96 h后,慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ明显增多,且随着卡介菌多糖核酸浓度的增加而逐渐接近健康对照组。慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞IL-4的表达量明显高于健康对照组（P < 0.05）,经不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸作用96 h后,慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IL-4明显减少,且随着卡介菌多糖核酸浓度的增加而逐渐接近健康对照组。 结论　卡介菌多糖核酸体外可促进慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ,抑制淋巴细胞分泌IL-4,起到调节免疫的作用。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌干扰素γ和白介素4的影响北大核心CSCD

目的探讨卡介菌多糖核酸治疗慢性荨麻疹的可能机制。方法用不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸处理慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞,并设立健康对照组。用免疫细胞化学法和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测卡介菌多糖核酸作用96h后淋巴细胞分泌干扰素（IFN）-γ和白介素（IL）-4的水平。结果慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞IFN-1的表达量明显低于健康对照组（P〈0．05）,经不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸作用96h后,慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IFN-1明显增多,且随着卡介菌多糖核酸浓度的增加而逐渐接近健康对照组。慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞IL-4的表达量明显高于健康对照组（P〈0．05）,经不同浓度卡介菌多糖核酸作用96h后,慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IL-4明显减少,且随着卡介菌多糖核酸浓度的增加而逐渐接近健康对照组。结论卡介菌多糖核酸体外可促进慢性荨麻疹患者外周血淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ,抑制淋巴细胞分泌IL-4,起到调节免疫的作用。     

卡介菌多糖核酸联合伐昔洛韦对生殖器疱疹患者Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

目的:探讨卡介菌多糖核酸联合伐昔洛韦对生殖器疱疹患者Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响。方法:72例复发性生殖器疱疹患者,分为对照组和观察组。对照组使用盐酸伐昔洛韦,观察组采用盐酸伐昔洛韦联合卡介菌多糖核酸治疗。结果:治疗后,观察组患者IL-4水平和IFN-γ水平均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗后,观察组患者中性粒细胞、Ig G、Ig A、Ig M及C3指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。观察组疗效高于对照组,复发率少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盐酸伐昔洛韦联合卡介菌多糖核酸治疗生殖器疱疹疗效显著,纠正Th1/Th2的失衡,改善患者机体免疫功能,降低患者复发率。     

雷公藤多苷对变应性接触性皮炎患者细胞因子表达影响的研究

目的探讨雷公藤多苷（TWP）对变应性接触性皮炎（ACD）患者白介素（IL）-2、IL-4、干扰素（IFN）-1和IL-10细胞因子的表达。方法RT—PCR方法测定与不同浓度雷公藤多苷共同培养ACD患者外周血单一核细胞（PBMC）IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ和IL-10mRNA表达。结果①ACD患者的PBMC中IL-2mRNA水平高于对照组（2．446倍），对照组与各组之间比较均有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。②ACD患者的PBMC的IL-4mRNA水平低于健康对照组（0．786倍）高浓度组与各组之间比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。③ACD患者PBMC IFN-γ mRNA水平高于对照组（1．975倍），其余各组比较均具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。④ACD患者PBMC IL-10mRNA水平低于对照组（0．869倍），高浓度组与对照组、低浓度组、中浓度组比较差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．01），中浓度组与空白对照组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论①体外培养ACD患者PBMC中IL-2、IFN-γmRNA表达明显增高，产生Th1炎症：提示ACD是Th1优势疾病。②雷公藤多苷对体外培养ACD患者PBMC中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-7、IL-10mRNA有抑制作用。③雷公藤多苷在低浓度时即对体外培养ACD患者PBMC中高表达的IL-2和IFN-1有抑制作用，对于低表达IL-4、IL-10抑制作用不显著。④雷公藤多苷在高浓度时对Th1和Th2细胞因子表达均有抑制作用但无选择性。     

梅毒患者外周血Th1/Th2类细胞因子mRNA表达及临床意义

为探讨Th1和Th2类辅助性T细胞在梅毒发病中的作用,我们以IFN-γ和IL-2代表Th1类细胞因子,IL-4和IL-10代表Th2类细胞因子,通过RT-PCR方法检测了一、二期梅毒患者和正常对照组外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中Th1和Th2类细胞因子mRNA表达水平.     

Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in leather and elicitation of eczema

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between the content of Cr(VI) and soluble Cr(III) in leather and the ability of the leather to elicit eczema in chromium allergic patients. An array of chromium-tanned leather samples was analysed for the content of total Cr(VI) and soluble Cr(III) using the DIN 53314 and the DS/EN 420 methods. Subsequently, a group of 15 patients with a history of foot eczema and leather exposure was exposed to a selection of 14 chromium- and 1 vegetable-tanned leather sample on the upper back for 48 hr. In addition, one leather sample was used for a prolonged 14-day exposure study. In total, 4 of the 15 patients reacted to at least one leather sample, and 5 of the 14 leather samples elicited a reaction in at least 1 patient. The prolonged exposure study demonstrated that an extended exposure period may reveal allergenic potential of a leather sample not otherwise identified using an ordinary 48-hr exposure period. No relation was observed between the measured content of Cr(VI) and soluble Cr(III) in the leather and the elicitation of eczema. Thus, in order to evaluate the quality of chromium-tanned leather in relation to preventing allergic skin reactions, other more clinical relevant methods reflecting the actual bioavailable Cr(III) and Cr(VI) fractions should be developed.     

A case of contact urticaria syndrome due to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) in work clothes

We previously reported a case of contact urticaria syndrome (CUS) due to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) grip on cotton gloves. The patient reported in this previous paper was careful not to have any contact with PVC products in his daily life or in his working environment. He discontinued the use of protective gloves with a PVC grip that was the cause of CUS. When working, he used cotton gloves without a PVC grip. We prescribed antihistamines which slightly improved his condition. However, when he wore work clothes while on duty, CUS relapsed. This condition was severe and made him feel anxious. When we advised him to wear a cotton shirt under his work clothes, the contact urticaria did not develop. We suspected that some component of the work clothes was the cause of his symptoms. A prick test with the extract solution of his work clothes showed a wheal and flare at the 15 min reading. The common component of the grip and the work clothes was found by analysis to be DOP.     

Cr(III) reactivity and foot dermatitis in Cr(VI) positive patients

Chromium allergy has become synonymous with Cr(VI) allergy. However, real exposure to chromium from leather products may include both Cr(III) and Cr(VI). In this study, we investigate the reactivity to both Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in consecutive patients to analyse the relation between foot eczema/leather exposure and reactivity to Cr(III). From March 2002 to December 2004, 2211 consecutive patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested with 0.5% potassium dichromate (Cr(VI)) and 13% chromium trichloride (Cr(III)). A total of 71 (3.2%) patients had a positive reaction to Cr(VI), of which 31 also had a positive Cr(III) reaction. No Cr(VI) negative patients had a positive reaction to Cr(III). An increased risk of foot dermatitis was found in Cr(VI) positive patients with a concomitant positive or doubtful reaction to Cr(III) compared with Cr(VI) positive patients with no reactions to Cr(III). The increased risk was not due to a higher degree of sensitivity to Cr(VI). Leather was reported most frequently as the suspected cause of chromium dermatitis (54%). However, Cr(VI) allergics having foot eczema and positive or doubtful Cr(III) reactions often had positive reactions to other shoe allergens. Thus, Cr(III) allergy is part of a multiple shoe allergy pattern.     

钙通道阻滞剂在皮肤科的应用

钙通道阻滞剂(CCB)是广泛应用于临床治疗心血管疾病的药物。近年的研究表明，CCB具有稳定肥大细胞膜和阻止脱颗粒，抑制淋巴细胞转化及白介素2产生，降低表皮郎格罕细胞数，扩张血管、抑制血小板聚集、增强红细胞变形能力，抑制细胞的分裂和增殖作用。此外对淋菌的耐药性有逆转作用。用于临床某些过敏性疾病、寒冷性脉管性疾病及银屑病取得了较好的效果，为临床增添了新的治疗手段．给变应性接触性皮炎、耐药性淋病的治疗带来了新的展望。本文对药物的副作用亦有概述。     

Minimum phototoxicity dose (MPD)

Summary A pilot study was performed on groups of 5–7 volunteers to evaluate the minimum phototoxicity dose (MPD) of several light sources with different UVA qualities to optimise photochemotherapy. Visual observation was more suitable than reflection photometry in determining the threshold and gradation of erythema reactions; thermometry gave poor results. There were no individual differences between the MPD of a PUVA 4000 box and a continuously emitting argon-ion laser with 40 and 400 mW, respectively. The pulsed radiation of a nitrogen laser was the most effective. The limited validity of the Bunsen-Roscoe law for high peak power could thus be tested for a secondary photochemical reaction of the skin. The nitrogen laser (337.1 nm) proved that a repetition rate of 20 Hz was superior to 10 and 40 Hz. The MPD was intraindividually higher at 25 Hz than at 10 and 16.7 Hz for the dye laser tested (325 and 330 nm, respectively).     

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) and systemic scleroderma (SSc)

We measured serum levels of SP-D in collagen diseases (110 cases) such as systemic scleroderma (SSc), scleroderma spectrum disorders (SSD), systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE), Sjogren syndrome (Sjs), dermatomyositis (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and dermatitis (DE) (109 cases) as a control. Additionally, we performad a correlation analysis to determine how these levels were related to pulmonary fibrosis and function test (vital capacity, %DLco). The serum levels of SP-D increased in SSc patients with Barnett type III more than in SSc patients with Barnett type I or II, while they increased slightly in SSD (incomplete type of SSc) patients. The differences in these figures were statistically significant between the SSc (SSc & SSD) and non-SSc (SLE, DM, Sjs & RA) groups (p<0.005). The serum levels of SP-D in SSc patients with anti-topoisomerase I antibodies were statistically higher than those in SSc patients with other types of anti-nuclear antibodies. There was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and the serum levels of SP-D, and a statistically negative correlation between SP-D levels and vital capacity or %DLco, but there was no proportional correlation with the forced expiatory volume (FEV1.0%). There was no statistical relationship between pre- and post-therapy with photopheresis; however, there was a statistical correlation between the serum levels of SPD and KL-6. In the group of collagen diseases, plasma levels of SP-D were higher than serum levels of SP-D. Patients with SSc possess higher levels of SP-D than do those with other collagen diseases and dermatitis, which may correspond to the severity of pulmonary fibrosis.