低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿先天性舌根囊肿的临床疗效

目的　探讨新生儿先天性舌根囊肿低温等离子射频消融术的临床疗效。方法　回顾性分析本院2014年7月～2017年1月,7例行全麻低温等离子舌根囊肿射频消融术后患儿病历资料,术后予阶段性密切随访,并均行电子鼻咽喉镜检查。结果　7例患儿均顺利完成手术,完整切除舌根囊肿,术后未行气管切开等有创操作。随访3个月～2年,仅1例在术后半年内复发。结论　低温等离子具有术中出血少,损伤小等优点,用于治疗新生儿先天性舌根囊肿安全有效。电子鼻咽喉镜作为一种无创、便捷、准确的检查手段,可以应用于新生儿上呼吸道梗阻疾病的诊断与鉴别及喉部手术的随访。     

新生儿及婴儿会厌囊肿手术方式的探讨

目的探讨婴幼儿会厌囊肿治疗方法及疗效。方法 1995年7月～2011年7月对69例新生儿及婴儿会厌囊肿患者行手术治疗,其中钳除术17例,剪切术11例,圈套器摘除术35例,低温等离子射频消融术6例,分析其疗效、手术时间、术中出血量和术后恢复时间。结果 17例钳除术患儿术后有2例复发,治愈率88.24%,手术时间平均约25.8分钟,术中出血平均4.2毫升,术后恢复时间平均6.73天;11例剪切术患儿2例复发,治愈率81.82%,手术时间平均约23.7分钟,术中出血平均3.6毫升,术后恢复时间平均5.21天;35例圈套器摘除术患儿术后无一例复发,治愈率100%,手术时间平均约11.6分钟,术中出血平均1.6毫升,术后恢复时间平均3.76天;6例低温等离子射频消融术患儿术后无一例复发,治愈率100%,手术时间平均约13.5分钟,术中无出血,术后恢复时间平均7.56天。结论圈套器摘除术和低温等离子射频消融术是治疗新生儿及婴儿会厌囊肿安全、有效的手术方式。     

婴幼儿舌根囊肿的诊断及围手术期治疗要点

目的 探讨婴幼儿舌根囊肿诊断、手术及围手术期治疗的要点。方法 回顾性分析因舌根囊肿而进行手术治疗的38例婴幼儿患者病历资料, 诊断主要依靠患儿病史、体格检查、辅助检查三方面, 全麻下行低温等离子射频消融术, 术后对症治疗。结果 38例患儿舌根囊肿全部切除。其中3例因呼吸困难, 术前即于儿童重症监护病房(ICU)行气管插管, 术后带管转入ICU病房后顺利拔管出院;5例因合并严重喉软骨软化或其他疾病, 术后带管转入ICU病房后顺利拔管出院;余30例术后拔管返回耳鼻喉病房。38例中2例出现麻醉插管困难, 紧急予囊肿穿刺减张后顺利插管。全部患儿术后行电子喉镜复查, 随诊8个月～2年无复发。结论 电子喉镜及颈部B超检查可准确诊断舌根囊肿, 低温等离子射频消融术治疗舌根囊肿具有损伤小、出血少等显著优点。舌根囊肿的婴幼儿患者麻醉风险较高, 必要时需先行囊肿穿刺减张后实行麻醉;新生儿且合并其他疾病的患儿为避免术后呼吸困难可带管转入ICU病房。舌根囊肿术后需严密监测生命体征, 避免术后呼吸困难的发生。     

显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿疗效观察

目的观察显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿的临床疗效。方法采用显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术对本科2011年1月～2016年6月收治的21例新生儿舌根囊肿患儿进行治疗,观察患儿预后,并进行随访。结果21例新生儿囊肿均完全切除,患儿无明显咽痛、出血等并发症,吸奶、舌根运动及发音功能不受影响。随访6个月至3年,无一例复发,治愈率100%。结论显微支撑喉镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗新生儿舌根囊肿具有创伤小、术后并发症少和复发率低的优点,值得临床推广应用。     

可视麻醉喉镜下低温等离子消融术治疗15例先天性会厌囊肿疗效观察

目的 探讨可视麻醉喉镜下低温等离子消融术治疗婴幼儿先天性会厌囊肿的临床疗效及特点。方法 选取苏州大学附属儿童医院2017年2月-2020年1月接受手术治疗的先天性会厌囊肿婴幼儿15例,对手术时间、术中出血量、创面反应进行统计分析,并观察随访半年以上。结果 15例先天性会厌囊肿患儿手术均获得成功,手术时间（22.67±7.99）min;术中出血量（3.47±1.60）mL;术后会厌创面轻度水肿3例,中度水肿2例;术后半年无1例复发。结论 可视麻醉喉镜下低温等离子消融术治疗先天性会厌囊肿具有可行性,为先天性会厌囊肿患儿提供了一种微创、安全有效的治疗方法,疗效明确,值得临床推广。     

低温等离子射频技术在婴幼儿甲状舌管囊肿手术中的应用

目的 探讨低温等离子射频技术在婴幼儿喉内型甲状舌管囊肿手术切除中的应用.方法 实施低温等离子手术治疗由于喉内型甲状舌管囊肿引起上呼吸道梗阻的婴幼儿患者9例,回顾性分析临床资料,结合相关文献进行总结讨论.结果 9例患者均手术成功,无术后出血、感染等并发症,患者术后随访1年呼吸道梗阻消失,未复发.结论 低温等离子技术应用于婴幼儿喉内型甲舌囊肿切除术时短,创伤小,并发症发生率低.     

低温等离子消融术与传统术式治疗会厌囊肿的疗效比较观察

目的比较低温等离子消融术与传统手术方法治疗会厌囊肿的临床疗效。方法2012年7月-2014年1月收治的42例会厌囊肿患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,均在全麻支撑喉镜引导下手术。治疗组采用低温等离子射频消融术,对照组采用喉钳切除术。观察比较两种手术方法的优越性及其临床疗效。结果与传统方法比较,低温等离子手术的手术时间明显缩短、术中出血量明显减少、术后疼痛时间甚短、黏膜修复很快,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后随访1年,对照组病变复发19例,而治疗组无1例出现病变复发。结论低温等离子治疗会厌囊肿临床疗效满意,安全可靠,值得推广。     

等离子微创技术在婴幼儿会厌囊肿手术中的应用

目的 探讨等离子微创技术在婴幼儿会厌囊肿手术中的应用前景.方法 对2008年1月至2011年1月收治的30例婴幼儿会厌囊肿患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析.全组患儿均在完善术前检查后全麻下行支撑喉镜联合内镜下会厌囊肿低温等离子射频融切术,术后定期随访.结果 30例患儿均顺利接受手术,术中出血少于2 ml,术中、术后无并发症出现,术后有15例患儿送重症监护室监护24 ～48 h.所有患儿手术后住院时间少于10 d,出院时喉鸣、气促、进食时呕吐症状均明显改善或消失,所有患儿术后随访6个月以上未见复发.结论 等离子微创技术治疗婴幼儿会厌囊肿具有出血少、损伤小、术后组织反应轻等优点.     

低温等离子射频消融术治疗儿童慢性鼻炎的临床观察

目的：观察低温等离子射频消融术治疗儿童慢性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法慢性鼻炎患儿60例随机分为治疗组与对照组各30例,治疗组采用低温等离子射频消融术,对照组采用下鼻甲部分切除术。观察两组的临床疗效,手术时间,术中出血量,黏膜修复时间,患儿依从性及术后并发症。结果治疗组与对照组的有效率分别为96.67%和86.67%,两组比较无显著差异性（P〉0.05）。两组术中出血量、手术时间、患儿依从性对比有明显差异（P〈0.05）,患者术后黏膜修复时间对比无明显差异性（P〉0.05）。患者术后并发症有显著差异（P〈0.05）。结论低温等离子射频消融术治疗儿童慢性鼻炎与传统下鼻甲部分切除术疗效无明显差异,但综合比较优于后者。     

麻醉喉镜下低温等离子射频消融显微手术治疗巨大会厌囊肿

目的探讨麻醉喉镜下显微镜下低温等离子射频消融术治疗巨大会厌囊肿的疗效。方法 2013年1月~2016年1月年我科收治的30例巨大会厌囊肿患者,男18例,女12例,年龄26~57岁,均在全麻麻醉喉镜下显微镜下暴露会厌,用低温等离子喉刀头行会厌囊肿射频消融术,观察术后创面恢复情况及有无复发。结果术后创面干净,术后1月假膜完全脱落,无大出血及假膜脱落引起内源性气管异物等并发症,术后随访1年,无1例复发。结论全麻下麻醉喉镜配合显微镜低温等离子射频消融治疗巨大会厌囊肿临床疗效满意,安全可靠,有独特的优势。     

Radiofrequency ablation of laryngeal saccular cyst in infants: a series of six cases

Saccular cysts of larynx are uncommon entity. These are infrequent causes of respiratory obstruction in neonates and infants. The saccular cysts are thought to arise in the saccule of the ventricle as a result of atresia of the ventricular orifice. The treatment options used in the management of saccular cysts are endoscopic needle aspiration, marsupialization and endoscopic extended ventriculotomy. We have found that removal of the saccular cyst can be achieved relatively safely and effectively by endoscopic radiofrequency ablation with improved surgical precision and better healing. We share our experience with a series of six cases, diagnosed under the sedation, thereafter radiofrequency ablation of laryngeal saccular cysts was done.     

A new classification system for congenital laryngeal cysts

OBJECTIVES: A new classification system for congenital laryngeal cysts based on the extent of the cyst and on the embryologic tissue of origin is proposed. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: The charts of 20 patients with either congenital or acquired laryngeal cysts that were treated surgically between 1987 and 2002 at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentation, radiologic findings, surgical management, histopathology, and outcome were recorded. A new classification system is proposed to better appreciate the origin of these cysts and to guide in their successful surgical management. RESULTS: Fourteen of the supraglottic and subglottic simple mucous retention cysts posed no diagnostic or therapeutic challenge and were treated successfully by a single endoscopic excision or marsupialization. The remaining six patients with congenital cysts in the study were deemed more complex, and all required open surgical procedures for cure. On the basis of the analysis of the data of these patients, a new classification of congenital laryngeal cysts is proposed. Type I cysts are confined to the larynx, the cyst wall composed of endodermal elements only, and can be managed endoscopically. Type II cysts extend beyond the confines of the larynx and require an external approach. The Type II cysts are further subclassified histologically on the basis of the embryologic tissue of origin: IIa, composed of endoderm only and IIb, containing endodermal and mesodermal elements (epithelium and cartilage) in the wall of the cyst. CONCLUSIONS: A new classification system for congenital laryngeal cysts is proposed on the basis of the extent of the cyst and the embryologic tissue of origin. This classification can help guide the surgeon with initial management and help us better understand the origin of these cysts.     

早期声门型喉癌低温等离子射频术后喉部感染诊治经验与教训

回顾性分析早期声门型喉癌低温等离子射频切除术后喉部感染的2例患者诊治过程,总结得出等离子手术切割过深、档位过高、范围过大、电凝止血过度是造成喉部软骨热损伤的主要因素,软骨坏死继发导致喉部感染.2例分别通过喉内清创及喉内外联合清创,加抗感染治疗治愈.对诊治经过不当之处进行剖析,汲取教训,为提高临床医生对类似疾病的诊治能力...     

Acquired subglottic cysts in premature infants

Advances in the management of premature infants have resulted in improved survival. However, long-term intubation may produce associated laryngeal complications. We report 12 infants and children who developed subglottic cysts following long-term intubation as newborns. The majority of the cysts were in the posterior subglottic larynx. Laser excision of the cysts was undertaken in 8 patients and 3 underwent removal with cupped forceps. Recurrent cysts in 3 patients required more than one endoscopic procedure. The differential diagnosis of stridor in infants who have required long-term intubation includes subglottic cysts. The cysts are not always obvious at endoscopy and indeed may be buried below the mucosa within a soft tissue subglottic stenosis. Their presence may be suspected when tiny beads of mucus are released when laser surgery of a soft tissue stenosis is applied. Successful management of these cysts includes early precise diagnosis, with careful identification of these cysts to differentiate them from other types of subglottic stenosis. An initial attempt of conservative management with endoscopic excision is made. If this fails, an anterior cricoid split may be indicated in cases where the cysts are associated with soft tissue subglottic stenosis. Tracheostomy may be unavoidable in some cases.     

鼻内镜下离子刀切除鼻前庭囊肿18例分析

目的探讨鼻内镜下离子刀切除鼻前庭囊肿的治疗方法及疗效。方法在舞窦内窥镜系统30°镜指引下在鼻腔内行一约0.8cm大小竖型切口,将鼻前庭囊肿顶壁切开,通过美国杰西低温等离子射频消融刀头EIC5872,在直视下沿鼻前庭囊肿的内、外、前、后、顶、底六壁周围逐步消融囊壁,术后明胶海绵两片术腔填塞。结果 18例均获治愈.无并发症.随访半年以上.均未见囊肿复发和并发症。结论鼻内镜下离子刀切除鼻前庭囊肿具有较好的临床治疗效果,且有手术精确、手术时间短、手术损伤小、术后恢复快、病人痛苦轻、并发症少等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

The clinical characteristics of congenital laryngeal saccular cysts

Conclusion: The first step when treating newborns and infants with hoarseness and dyspnea is to consider the possibility of CLSCs. The appropriate operation can then be chosen based on the cyst sub-type. Complete resection of the cyst wall is the key to preventing recurrence. Background: A laryngeal saccular cyst is an unusual congenital lesion that appears clinically during the neonatal period or early infancy. Because few reports on congenital laryngeal saccular cysts (CLSCs) exist, this study investigated the clinical features of patients with a history of CLSCs to determine the clinical characteristics of this disease. Methods: The data from 28 CLSC patients admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital from July 2004 to September 2014 were reviewed. Gender, age at onset of symptoms, number of surgical procedures performed, effect of the operation, and CLSC classification were analyzed. Results: CLSCs accounted for 0.79% of laryngeal operations during the study period. Of the cases examined, 35.7% (10/28) had first been treated as laryngomalacia. With respect to cyst type, 17.9% (5/28) were anterior laryngeal saccular cysts, and 82.1% (23/28) were lateral saccular cysts. The patients underwent a total of 53 surgeries, including 21 procedures performed at other hospitals. The time to recurrence of the cysts following needle aspiration ranged from 5–10 days. The time to recurrence after the roof of the cyst was excised ranged from 1–10 months. There were no recurrences after the complete resection of the cyst wall using a CO₂ laser and microsuturing of the wound surfaces via an endoscopic procedure, which is much better than the 41% of endoscopic de-roofing cases which recurred reported by Mitchell et al.     

鼻内镜下低温等离子射频手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦良性肿瘤

目的 总结鼻内镜下低温等离子射频切除鼻腔良性肿瘤的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年5月诊治并完成1年随访的17例鼻腔鼻窦良性肿瘤患者的临床资料。患者均在鼻内镜下应用低温等离子射频实施手术, 其中内翻性乳头状瘤8例, 鼻咽纤维血管瘤1例, 鼻腔血管瘤3例, 上颌窦出血坏死性息肉5例。结果 术中出血量为5~150 mL, 中位数为30 mL。手术时间为20~55 min, 中位数为35 mim。术后2个月术腔上皮化良好, 无出血、鼻腔干燥等并发症。随访1年未见复发。结论 鼻内镜下低温等离子射频手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦良性肿瘤具有出血少、损伤小、手术时间短等优点。     

内镜下等离子射频消融术治疗儿童先天性梨状窝瘘232例

目的 探讨儿童先天性梨状窝瘘的诊断、手术适应证及内镜下低温消融术的疗效。方法 回顾分析郑州大学第一附属医院内镜下低温消融术治疗的232例儿童先天性梨状窝瘘的临床资料。结果 217例(93.5%)为左侧梨状窝瘘,14例(6.0%)为右侧梨状窝瘘,1例(0.4%)双侧梨状窝瘘。男女比约1.1∶1.0。232例均行内镜下梨状窝瘘口低温消融术。术后复发17例(7.3%)、声音嘶哑12例(5.2%),均无呛咳、食管损伤或咽瘘。结论 内镜下梨状窝瘘口低温消融术治疗先天性梨状窝瘘具有微创、并发症较少、复发率低等优点,是治疗先天性梨状窝瘘的首选手术方案之一。