Barbecue翻滚法治疗水平半规管良性位置性眩晕疗效探讨

目的探讨Barbecue翻滚法治疗水平半规管良性位置性眩晕（benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,HC-BPPV）的临床疗效。方法采用滚转检查方法 ,确诊HC-BPPV32例,对该组患者实施Barbecue翻滚法复位,其中2例嵴帽结石患者首先采用Gufoni法复位后转化为管结石,后经过Barbecue翻滚法复位,并分析其疗效。结果 32例患者中,1次复位痊愈23例（包括2例嵴帽结石患者）,2次复位痊愈6例,有效2例,无效1例,无效者为水平半规管结石复位中转化为后半规管结石患者。总治愈率为90.6%,总有效率为96.9%。结论 Barbecue翻滚法治疗水平半规管良性位置性眩晕效果好,简单易学,值得临床推广应用。     

管石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕

目的 探讨管石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)的效果与方法.方法 回顾分析了2006年4月至2010年3月间我院治疗的BPPV患者96例,其中男性34例,女性62例,年龄43～70岁(平均55.5岁),后半规管BPPV 78例,水平半规管BPPV 16例,同时合并同侧后、水平半规管BPPV 2例,分别采用Epley管石复位法、Barbecue翻滚疗法及Brandt-Daroff习服疗法治疗.结果 后半规管BPPV 78例,经用Epley管石复位法治疗1～3次眩晕消失;水平半规管BPPV 16例,14例采用Barbecue翻滚疗法治疗1～2次眩晕消失,2例复位4次仍有眩晕,考虑嵴顶结石症,改用Brandt-Daroff习服疗法治疗半月眩晕消失;2例同时合并同侧后、水平半规管BPPV患者各复位2次眩晕消失.结论 管石复位法治疗BPPV安全有效,可疑嵴顶结石症患者,改用Brandt-Daroff习服疗法治疗效果良好.     

不同复位手法治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕疗效及原因分析

目的　探讨不同复位手法治疗后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕（benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV）疗效及原因。方法　回顾性分析我院2013年6月 ～2016年12月300例后半规管BPPV患者临床资料,按照患者治疗方法不同分为A组156例,施行Epley复位手法;B组144例,施行Semont管石解脱法。比较两组患者治疗效果、复发率并分析效果不佳的原因。结果　B组患者首次疗效、1周疗效及1个月疗效均明显好于A组（χ2=4.371、5.294及4.542,P 均＜0.05）;Semont管石解脱法治疗管结石症与嵴顶结石症疗效均较好,Epley管石复位法治疗嵴顶结石症疗效较差;两组复发率无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论　Semont 管石解脱法治疗后半规管BPPV管结石症与嵴顶结石症疗效均较好,Epley管石复位法治疗嵴顶结石症疗效较差。两组BPPV复发率均较高。     

外半规管嵴帽型耳石症的治疗

目的　探讨应用被动和主动配合顺序颠震方法治疗外半规管嵴帽型耳石症的临床疗效。方法　2018年2月～2019年12月在北京市垂杨柳医院耳鼻咽喉科门诊诊断为外半规管嵴帽型耳石症患者113例,应用被动和主动配合顺序颠震方法,睡眠时限制体位,同时对有循环障碍者给予改善循环药物,对眩晕症状明显者给予抗眩晕药物治疗。与2016年4月～2018年1月应用Gufoni手法治疗的106例外半规管嵴帽型耳石症患者比较,此106例的体位限制和药物治疗方法与前113例相同。结果　新方法治疗患者中,15例在被动颠震过程中出现嵴帽耳石转变为管石症现象,7天内共复位成功102例,成功率90.3%;Gufoni手法复位治疗,8例在第一次复位过程中出现嵴帽耳石转变为管石,7天内共复位成功73例,成功率68.9%。两种方法7天内复位成功率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=16.565,P＜0.05）。结论  被动和主动配合顺序颠震方法治疗外半规管嵴帽型耳石症,与Gufoni手法复位治疗比较,临床效果更满意。     

外半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕的诊疗

良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)是最常见的周围性眩晕,主要表现为随头位变化出现的短暂性眩晕发作,该病分为后半规管型、外半规管型、上半规管型及多半规管.其中后半规管BPPV最常见,其次为外半规管BPPVo外半规管BPPV根据发病机制、原理、眼震方向等有多种分类方法.近年来外半规管BPPV的手法复位逐渐被熟悉,但一些患者复位后效果不佳,如外半规管嵴帽结石症,部分患者行常规手法复位后发作性眩晕仍然存在.我们将这部分手法复位后眩晕症状改善不明显的类型归结为难治型外半规管嵴帽结石症.本文主要围绕外半规管BPPV的概念及分类、流行病学、病因、发病机制、诊断及复位方法,尤其对于难治型外半规管嵴帽结石症的复位方法做一综述.     

水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕手法复位中耳石移位的临床分析

目的探讨水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(HSC-BPPV)患者管结石复位过程中耳石移位误入其他半规管的发生率、识别方法和治疗策略。方法对98例HSC-BPPV患者应用红外线视频眼动记录仪分析其变位试验诱发的眼震特点,进行分型、定侧,并采用相应的耳石复位法治疗,分析复位过程中出现耳石移位误入其他半规管的情况。结果 63例水平向地性眼震(水平半规管BPPV)患者复位过程中转变为后半规管BPPV患者5例;35例水平背地性眼震患者(水平半规管嵴帽结石)在Gufoni法复位后变为管结石4例;总发生率为9.18%(9/98)。结论 HSC-BPPV患者在复位过程中可能发生耳石移位至其他半规管,可通过仔细观察并正确识别眼震方向发现;水平半规管嵴帽结石在转化为管结石后可以进行管结石复位治疗。     

耳石振动治疗仪结合手法复位治疗外半规管壶腹嵴帽结石症

目的　探讨耳石振动治疗仪结合手法复位治疗外半规管壶腹嵴帽结石症（horizontal semicircular canal cupulolithiasis,HSC-Cup）的临床疗效。方法　回顾分析42例确诊为HSC-Cup患者,均进行耳石振动治疗仪结合手法复位治疗,根据患者发病时间分为3个组,发病时间＜1周者18例（A组）,1周～1个月内者15例（B组）,＞1个月者9例（C组）。按照疗效分级标准对患者进行疗效评估。结果  A组15例治愈,1例改善,2例无效,总有效率88.89%;B组9例治愈,1例改善,5例无效,总有效率66.67%;C组无治愈患者,3例改善,6例无效,总有效率33.33%。A组与C组比较,差异有显著统计学意义（t =5.487,P＜0.001）;B组与C组比较,差异有统计学意义（t =2.687,P＜0.05）;A组与B组间比较,差异无统计学意义。42例患者中共24例治愈,5例改善,13例无效,总有效率69.05%。结论　耳石振动治疗仪结合手法复位治疗HSC-Cup安全可靠,尤其对发病1周内患者治疗有效率高。     

良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者发病特点及手法复位疗效分析

目的 探讨良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)患者的发病特点及手法复位治疗的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月～2013年12月广西右江民族医学院附属医院耳鼻咽喉一头颈外科确诊并治疗的968例BPPV患者的临床资料,分析该病发病特点及手法复位疗效.结果 ①968例BP-PV患者中男577例(59.61％),女391例(40.39％),男女比例为1.48:1,发病平均年龄51.36±10.63岁(23～96岁);后半规管BBPV 921例(95.14％,921/968),其中管结石症877例(95.22％,877/921),嵴顶结石症44例(约4.78％,44/921);水平半规管BBPV 39例(4.03％,39/968),其中管结石症35例(89.74％,35/39),嵴顶结石症4例(10.26％,4/39);上半规管BBPV 5例(0.52％,5/968),混合型BBPV 3例(0.31％,3/968).②921例后半规管BBPV行传统Epley法复位治疗,首次有效率为91.64％,远期(半年)有效率92.73％;水平半规管BBPV行Barbecue法复位治疗,首次有效率92.31％,远期(半年)有效率94.87％;上半规管BBPV行前翻法复位治疗,首次有效率60.00％,远期(半年)有效率80.00％;混合型半规管BBPV行联合复位治疗,首次有效率66.67％,远期(半年)有效率66.67％;③968例患者中半年内复发92例,复发率9.50％(92/968).结论 本组BPPV患者发病以男性患者和后半规管BPPV多见,手法复位能有效治疗BPPV,尤以后半规管BPPV及水平半规管BPPV疗效显著.     

良性阵发性位置性眩晕复位短期疗效不佳的分析

目的探讨短期内多次手法复位疗效不佳的良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2014年1月-2015年6月39例在本院耳鼻喉门诊首诊,2周以内经反复(3次以上)手法复位疗效不佳的BPPV患者其2周后的临床表现、治疗及随诊结果,探讨其影响因素。结果此类患者占同期全部BPPV患者的9.8%(39/396),其中,男15例,女24例,年龄26岁~81岁,平均63.0±14.5岁,60岁以上的28例,占71.8%。单侧后半规管BPPV 5例,单侧后半规管嵴顶BPPV 7例,单侧水平半规管BPPV 7例,单侧水平嵴顶BPPV 10例,上半规管BPPV 3例,混合型BPPV 7例。其中特发性的25例,继发性的14例(头部外伤7例,梅尼埃病2例,前庭神经炎1例,突发性耳聋1例,中耳炎1例,偏头痛2例)。所有患者均经过超过2周3次以上的手法复位,后半规管及后半规管壶腹嵴受累者采用Epley+Semont法,水平半规管及水平壶腹嵴顶受累者多采用Barbecue+Gufoni或Casani+强迫健侧卧位法,上半规管受累者采用Yacovino法进行复位,39例中28例结合Brandt-daroff体位训练及其药物辅助治疗。2周后-1个月内眩晕和变位性眼震能够完全缓解的19例,1个月后能够完全缓解的26例,2个月后和3个月后能够完全缓解的分别为31例和34例,随诊1年手法复位完全无效的5例,完全缓解的34例中1年内复发的21例(占61.8%)。结论 2周内经历多次手法复位疗效欠佳的BPPV患者多为60岁以上的老年患者,嵴顶结石、多管受累、头部外伤、梅尼埃病等内耳疾病是可能是其复位效果不佳的影响因素。此类患者一次手法复位难以成功,多数需要联合多种复位方法,结合体位训练和药物辅助治疗;个别患者手法复位完全无效;复位有效者,部分容易复发。     

良性阵发性位置性眩晕临床特征分析

目的　观察良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）患者的临床特征和疗效。方法　回顾性分析1000例符合标准的BPPV患者病例资料并行数据分析。结果　①男女发病 年龄无显著性差异,发病率有显著性差异;②单个半规管受累993例,两个半规管受累7例,管石型818例,嵴帽型175例;③后半规管587例,外半规管402例,上半规管4例,右侧发病率明显高于左侧;④管石型和嵴帽型平均治疗次数差异有统计学意义;⑤BPPV管石型与嵴帽型复位治疗,1次治愈率分别为62.5%与42.3%;⑥外半规管管石型BPPV患侧、健侧眼震慢相角速度及差值与复位治疗次数无相关性。结论　BPPV具有中老年高发、女性多、单个半规管受累多、后半规管最多、外半规管次之、上半规管最少、右耳易受累、管石型多、嵴帽型平均治疗次数多等特点。     

Horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo--its affected side and horizontal semicircular canal function

We report horizontal canal BPPV (HC-BPPV) targeting its pathophysiology, the affected side, and the function of the horizontal semicircular canal, together with a review of the literature. Subjects were 13 patients with HC-BPPV visiting our vertigo outpatient clinic at Nara medical university hospital and a related hospital in the 2.5 years from January 2000 to June 2002. Subjects were classified into 7 with canalolithiasis and 6 patients of cupulolithiasis after a neurotological examination. CP was positive in 54% of all patients, 71% of those with canalolithiasis, and 33% of those with cupulolithiasis. To determine the affected side in HC-BPPV, we used the affected side by using the law of Ewald in canalolithaisis patients and the detection of a neutral diminishing nystagmus in cupulolithiasis patients. CP positive in caloric testing indicated insignificant dysfunction of the horizontal semicircular canal in canalolithiasis patients compared to that in cupulolithasis patients. The mechanism behind caloric nystagmus was thought to be a convection of endolymphatic fluid interrupted consequently by an otolith in the semicircular canal in canalolithiasis patients. In contrast, CP was positive in cupulolithiasis patients regarded as having no convection of endolymphatic fluid. The mechanism causing a difference in caloric test results between canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis patients thus requires a larger patient population and further examination to be conclusive.     

Conversion of canalolithiasis to cupulolithiasis in the course of a horizontal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo case

The benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the horizontal semicircular canal is manifested with either geotropic or apogeotropic horizontal nystagmus. A 61-year-old male patient who experienced repeated episodes of positional vertigo is presented in this study. The vertigo was reported to be more severe while rotating his head to the left and then to the right. The initial examination revealed a geotropic purely horizontal nystagmus at the lateral positions of the head compatible with canalolithiasis of the left horizontal semicircular canal. In this case, the otoconia debris migrates from the vestibule into the horizontal semicircular canal through its nonampullary end, where they float freely (canalolithiasis). Five days later, the geotropic nystagmus transformed to apogeotropic. Thus, it may be assumed that the otoconia debris adhered to the cupula and converted the canalolithiasis to cupulolithiasis of the horizontal semicircular canal on the same side. With rotation of the head to the left while the patient was in the supine position, gravity causes the weighted cupula to deflect ampullofugally, resulting in apogeotropic nystagmus; the opposite was noticed when the head was rotated to the right. The so-called barbecue maneuver was initially effective curing the geotropic form of the condition and consequently the modified Semont maneuver for the apogeotropic form.     

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is characterized by positional vertigo (brief attacks of rotatory vertigo triggered by head position changes in the direction of gravity) and is the most common peripheral cause of vertigo. There are two types of BPPV pathophysiology: canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis. In canalolithiasis, otoconial debris is detached from the otolithic membrane and floats freely within the endolymph of the canal. In cupulolithiasis, the otoconial debris released from the otolithic membrane settles on the cupula of the semicircular canal and the specific gravity of the cupula is increased. Consensus has been reached regarding three subtypes of BPPV: posterior-canal-type BPPV (canalolithiasis), lateral-canal-type BPPV (canalolithiasis) and lateral-canal-type BPPV (cupulolithiasis). In the interview-based medical examination of BPPV, questions regarding the characteristics of vertigo, triggered movement of vertigo, duration of vertigo and cochlear symptoms during vertigo attacks are important for the diagnosis of BPPV. The Dix–Hallpike test is a positioning nystagmus test used for diagnosis of posterior-canal-type BPPV. The head roll test is a positional nystagmus test used for diagnosis of lateral-canal-type BPPV. When the Dix–Hallpike test is repeated, positional nystagmus and the feeling of vertigo typically become weaker. This phenomenon is called BPPV fatigue. The effect of BPPV fatigue typically disappears within 30 min, at which point the Dix–Hallpike test again induces clear positional nystagmus even though BPPV fatigue had previously caused the positional nystagmus to disappear. For the treatment of BPPV, sequential head movements of patients can cause the otoconial debris in the semicircular canal to move to the utricle. This series of head movements is called the canalith repositioning procedure (CRP). The appropriate type of CRP depends on the semicircular canal in which the otoconial debris is located. The CRP for posterior-canal-type BPPV is called the Epley maneuver, and the CRP for lateral-canal-type BPPV is called the Gufoni maneuver. Including a time interval between each head position in the Epley maneuver reduces the immediate effect of the maneuver. This finding can inform the development of methods for reducing the effort exerted by doctors and the discomfort experienced by patients with posterior-canal-type BPPV during the Epley maneuver.     

手法复位治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕

目的回顾性分析60例良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）诊断和治疗方法,为提高BPPV疗效提供参考依据。方法60例患者（男34例,女26例）通过常规神经耳科学检查、Dix—Hallpike和滚转试验确诊为BPPV。40例在发病10天内就诊,6N在发病1月内就诊,10例在5月内就诊,4例在6月以上就诊。采用Semont摆动手法、Epley颗粒复位法和Barbecue翻滚疗法治疗。对治疗1次无效者间隔7天重复治疗,重复3次无效者采用其它方法治疗。完成冶疗后2周复查评定疗效。结果后半规管BPPV54例,22例采用Semont手法复位治疗,14例痊愈,4例改善,4例无效。4例无效改用Epley颗粒复位法。Epley颗粒复位法治疗36例,28例痊愈,4例改善,4例无效。6例外半规管BPPV采用Barbecue翻滚疗法治疗4例痊愈,2例无效。40例10天内就诊者治愈32例,8例改善。6例发病1月内就诊者治愈2例,改善4例。10例5月内就诊者4例痊愈,4例改善,2例无效。4例6月以上就诊者治疗3次均无效。46例治疗1次有效,4例患者治疗2次有效,4例患者治疗3次有效。结论手法复位治疗BPPV有效率高,BPPV治疗效果与发病至就诊时间相关。     

离地性眼震水平半规管BPPV诊治策略

目的 探讨离地性眼震水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(HC-BPPV)的诊治策略.方法 回顾性分析2017年7月～2019年6月确诊的48例离地性眼震HC-BPPV患者的临床资料,均采用滚转试验(roll test)、低头仰头试验(bow and lean test)等方法判断侧别,通过Gufoni法、Barbecue法...     

咳嗽对良性阵发性位置性眩晕手法复位疗效的影响

目的：分析患良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）的慢性咳嗽患者经手法复位治疗后的疗效,为BPPV的综合治疗及病因探索提供帮助。方法：分析2009—10—2012—12期间400例BPPV患者的治疗效果,包括观察患者的症状和行体位试验检查。结果：后半规管BPPV的一次治疗成功率为93．4％,水平半规管BPPV治疗成功率为83．0％。在400例BPPV患者中随访到372例,一次治疗成功的复诊患者中,有35例复位治疗好转后又出现阵发性眩晕发作,再次行手法复位仍取得良好效果。追问病史,有29例存在不同程度的咳嗽。控制咳嗽后再行手法复位治疗,眩晕症状消失,随访半年未再发作。结论：BPPV的发生机制可能与咳嗽所致的头部震动有关。     

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the anterior semicircular canal: clinical aspects and treatment

OBJECTIVE: To describe the videonystagmographic characteristics and the treatment of the patients reached with a canalolithiasis or a cupulolithiasis of the anterior semicircular canal. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study concerning patients treated for a Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) of the anterior semicircular canal. Each patient after analysis under videonystagmoscopy (VNS) and under videonystagmography (VNG) was treated by maneuvers. RESULTS: On 462 observations of typical BPPV 6 cases of VPPB of the anterior semicircular canal were treated concerning 5 patients (1.3%). CONCLUSION: The BPPV of the anterior semicircular canal are rare. We modified our method of diagnosis, and our therapeutic techniques could be validated with the help of the two-dimensional videonystagmography.     

Horizontal canal type BPPV: bilaterally affected case treated with canal plugging and Lempert's maneuver

A 54-year-old woman complained of positional vertigo. During 3 months' observation, the patient showed mostly geotropic or apogeotropic nystagmus due to right canalolithiasis or cupulolithiasis, however, she sometimes showed nystagmus which suggested left horizontal canalolithiasis. We suspected that she suffered from bilateral horizontal canal type benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and performed Lempert's maneuver for both directions, however, they were ineffective. She underwent canal plugging for right horizontal canal. After surgery she showed no positional nystagmus of right horizontal canal origin. However, apogeotropic nystagmus of the left horizontal canal origin was still observed. This nystagmus changed to geotropic nystagmus and finally disappeared following Lempert's maneuver for the left side. Bilateral horizontal canal BPPV is difficult to be resolved, probably because physical treatment for one side would move debris to the cupula in the other canal. Canal plugging combined with Lempert's maneuver to the other side is one treatment option for intractable bilateral horizontal canal BPPV.     

Experimental model of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with biphasic nystagmus using isolated semicircular canals

Conclusions: The co-existence of cupulolithiasis and canalolithiasis might be a possible mechanism for the spontaneous inversion of positional nystagmus.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of spontaneous inversion of nystagmus direction without a positional change in experimental models of co-existing cupulolithiasis and canalolithiasis.

Methods: Co-existing canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis models were prepared using the bullfrog posterior semicircular canal (PSC). Ten bullfrogs were used. The ampullary nerve discharges were recorded as compound action potentials (CAPs). First, an otoconial mass was placed on the cupula to produce cupulolithiasis. Subsequently, another otoconial mass was introduced into the canal lumen to produce canalolithiasis. Decremental time constants for cupulolithiasis and incremental time constants for canalolithiasis were determined.

Results: At first the CAPs increased and continued for a long time when the cupulolithiasis was generated. Subsequently the CAPs were suppressed by creating canalolithiasis. Finally, the CAPs increased again after the motion of otoconia inside the canal lumen stopped. The decremental time constant for cupulolithiasis was significantly longer than the incremental time constant for canalolithiasis.     

A cupulolith repositioning maneuver in the treatment of horizontal canal cupulolithiasis

Objective

We evaluated outcomes and their significance of a new treatment method for horizontal canal cupulolithiasis that could be applied regardless of the side of the cupula where otoliths are attached.

Methods

Consecutive 78 patients who showed persistent apogeotropic horizontal canal positional vertigo (horizontal canal cupulolithiasis) were enrolled, and they were treated with the new cupulolith repositioning maneuver.

Results

Horizontal semicircular canal cupulolithiasis was alleviated in 97.4% of patients, after an average of 2.1 repetitions of the maneuver. Otoliths were suspected to be attached to the canal side of the cupula in 30 cases and the utricular side in 44 cases.

Conclusion

The cupulolith repositioning maneuver is an effective method for treating horizontal canal cupulolithiasis. It may also provide an insight into the side of the cupula where otoliths are attached.