都匀亚洲牛带绦虫及从江牛带绦虫实验感染家畜血清酶学动态研究

目的观察都匀亚洲牛带绦虫及从江牛带绦虫实验感染猪牛的血清酶学活性的动态变化及其在肝脏损伤中的作用。方法采用都匀亚洲牛带绦虫及从江牛带绦虫孕节灌喂健康乳猪，乳牛，隔离饲养。分别于感染前、感染后25d、50d、75d抽血，检测γ谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、前白蛋白(PA)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)和α1抗胰蛋白酶(α1-AT)含量变化并进行分析。结果都匀亚洲牛带绦虫及从江牛带绦虫感染猪牛后，γ-GT、ALT、AST、NAG、LDH、LAP和α1-AT含量升高，感染75d与感染前相比含量呈倍数增加，而PA含量呈下降趋势。结论：都匀亚洲牛带绦虫及从江牛带绦虫感染家畜后的血清酶的活性变化，可反映宿主肝脏损伤程度。牛带绦虫囊尾蚴寄生宿主不同。其指标存在不同差异。     

参芍软肝汤抗大鼠肝纤维化的疗效及其对肝星状细胞活化及凋亡的影响

目的探究参芍软肝汤对于大鼠肝纤维化的作用效果,研究其对肝星状细胞(HSC)调控机制的影响。方法采用皮下注射四氯化碳(CCl4)法诱导大鼠产生肝纤维化,对纤维化大鼠进行参芍软肝汤治疗,定量检测各生化指标,包括白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅳ-C型胶原(Ⅳ-C)和Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ);采用Real Time-PCR法检测转化生长因子(TGF)-β1和α-平滑肌动蛋白(SMA)mRNA表达水平研究参芍软肝汤对HSC-T6的影响;采用流式细胞术检测参芍软肝汤对HSC-T6凋亡的影响。结果与模型组比较,治疗组血清中ALT、AST、HA、LN、Ⅳ-C、PC-Ⅲ的表达水平明显降低,ALB含量显著上升(P0.05);与正常组比较,药物组明显抑制HSC-T6细胞α-SMA和TGF-β1的mRNA的表达(P0.01);药物组明显促进HSC-T6凋亡水平(P0.001)。结论参芍软肝汤对CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化具有一定的治疗作用,并且参与调控HSC活化及凋亡。     

血清肝纤维化指标与慢性肝炎肝纤维化程度的相关性

目的:评价血清肝纤维化指标与慢性肝炎肝纤维化程度病理分期的关系.方法:采用放射免疫技术对113例慢性肝炎患者的血清进行肝纤维化指标检测,包括透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原蛋白(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(Ⅳ-C).并按肝穿刺活检进行组织纤维化分期(S),对这些指标的诊断价值进行分析.结果:血清肝纤维化指标HA、PcⅢ、Ⅳ-C与肝组织纤维化程度相关(r=0.677,0.395,O.454,P<0.01或0.05).除LN外(r=0.053,P>0.05),HA、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C均随着肝纤维化程度的加重而呈上升趋势.结论:血清肝纤维化指标对判断肝纤维化程度有一定指导意义,对于难以开展肝穿刺活检的单位可以帮助肝纤维化诊断.     

常用血清学指标与慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化程度相关性研究

目的：研究常用血清学指标与慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化程度的关系。方法：对177例慢性乙型肝炎患者进行血清肝脏生化和肝纤维化指标检测，包括丙氨酸氨基转移酶（AIT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、总胆红素（TBil）、白蛋白（Alb）、球蛋白（Glo）、透明质酸（HA）、层粘连蛋白（LN）、Ⅲ型前胶原蛋白（PcⅢ）、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白（CⅣ）。所有病例均行肝穿刺活检，并进行肝组织纤维化分期（S）。结果：部分血清学指标与肝组织纤维化程度相关，以Alb、Glo、HA、PCⅢ、CⅣ相关性最好，相关系数分别为-0．299、0．282、0．595、0．387、0．480。伴随肝纤维化程度的增加，血清白蛋白呈下降趋势，而血清球蛋白、HA、PCⅢ、CⅣ呈上升趋势。结论：部分血清学指标能反映肝组织纤维化程度，对于难以开展肝穿刺活检的单位可以帮助肝纤维化诊断。     

α1b-干扰素对白蛋白诱导大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的抑制作用

目的观察干扰素对白蛋白诱导的大鼠肝纤维化形成的影响。方法采用人血白蛋白诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,并随机给予大剂量、小剂量干扰素、秋水仙碱处理。观察血清ALT和AST活性、总蛋白(TP),白蛋白(Alb)含量和球蛋白和白蛋白比值。放射免疫分析法测定层连蛋白(LN)、透明质酸(HA)、IV型胶原(Ⅳ-C)的含量,化学法测定肝脏羟脯氨酸(HyP)的含量。光镜观察肝纤维化程度。结果干扰素能明显降低人血白蛋白诱导的肝纤维化大鼠血清ALT、AST活性(P<0.05),提高Alb、TP含量和A/G比值(P<0.05),降低血清LN、HA和Ⅳ-C含量(P<0.05)。病理学观察发现,干扰素能使大鼠胶原纤维沉积明显减轻,假小叶结构明显减少,并明显降低纤维化计分(P<0.05)。结论干扰素可抑制人血白蛋白诱导的大鼠肝纤维化形成和发展。     

联合检测HA、Ⅳ-C、LN对肝纤维化的诊断价值

目的 通过对各型病毒性肝炎患者血清部分肝纤维化指标的检测,以评价其对病毒性肝炎肝纤维化的诊断价值。方法 采用RIA法测定患者直清HA,Ⅳ-C、LN的含量,同时检测肝功能,B超测定门静脉内径。结果 血清HA、Ⅳ-C、LN水平随着慢性肝病的加重而逐渐升高,均显著高于正常对照组。HA、Ⅳ-C、LN联合检测诊断肝纤维化的灵敏度为91.5％,特异度为86.6％,诊断正确率为90.1。结论 HA、Ⅳ-C、LN联合检测对肝纤维化程度的判断有诊断价值。     

慢性乙肝患者HBV-DNA、肝功能指标与肝纤维化的关系

[目的]探究慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)、肝功能指标与肝纤维化的关系.[方法]入选65例慢性乙肝患者为患者组;同期选取肝功能合格的体检者65例作为对照组;检测2组肝纤维化指标[血清透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)],HBV-DNA,肝功能指标[...     

养容胶囊保肝及抗肝纤维化的临床作用

[目的]观察养容胶囊保肝及抗肝纤维化的临床作用.[方法]将133例慢性乙型肝炎及肝硬化患者随机分为2组,治疗组(67例)口服养容胶囊,对照组(66例)口服护肝片,疗程均为6个月.观察2组用药后临床疗效结果,肝功能[谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、血清总胆红素(TBil)、血清白蛋白(Alb)]、血清肝纤维化指标[透明质酸酶(HA)、层黏蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C]等方面的变化.[结果]治疗组治疗后ALT、TBil、Alb及HA、LN、Ⅳ-C较治疗前明显改善(P＜0.05),临床疗效、临床症状改善与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]养容胶囊对慢性乙型肝炎及肝硬化可能具有一定的保肝及抗纤维化作用.     

肝硬化患者血清前白蛋白、胆碱酯酶含量检测及其与肝功能、肝纤维化程度的相关性研究

目的探讨肝硬化患者血清前白蛋白(PA)、胆碱酯酶(ChE)含量检测及其与肝功能、肝纤维化程度的相关关系。方法 2013年2月至2017年5月在本院就诊的肝硬化患者92例,分为代偿组62例、失代偿组30例,取同期在本院进行体检的健康志愿者50名作为正常对照组。对比3组研究对象血清中PA、ChE的含量,肝功能、肝纤维化指标水平的差异。采用Pearson检验评估肝硬化患者血清PA、ChE含量与病情的相关关系。结果代偿组、失代偿组血清中PA、ChE的含量均低于正常对照组,其中失代偿组血清中PA、ChE的含量更低(P0.05)。代偿组、失代偿组外周血中肝功能指标天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)的水平高于正常对照组,肝纤维化指标层黏连蛋白(LN)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PⅢP)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)的水平高于正常对照组,失代偿组中上述指标水平更高(P0.05)。Pearson检验发现,肝硬化患者血清中PA、ChE的含量与肝功能、肝纤维化指标水平直接相关。结论肝硬化患者血清PA、ChE含量异常降低,具体含量与肝功能损伤、肝纤维化程度直接相关,可作为肝硬化病情判断的可靠指标。     

核糖核酸对慢性肝病患者血清HA,LN,Ⅳ—C,PCⅢ的影响

目的:观察RNA抗肝纤维化疗效。方法:应用RNA治疗慢性肝炎130例,肝硬变48例,并设甘利欣对照组。结果:治疗组血清白蛋白及肝纤维化指标中的HA、LN、Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ明显下降,复常率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:RNA能降低慢性肝痛中血清HA、LN、Ⅳ-C、PⅢ的水平,其抗纤维化作用可能是通过保护和修复肝细胞膜而达到的。     

Role of the placenta in the control of the ante-partum surge of prolactin in the rat

A nocturnal surge of prolactin secretion occurs in the dark period preceding parturition in the rat. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the placenta in the control of this prolactin surge. Plasma prolactin and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay in serial blood samples collected after surgical removal of conceptuses during late pregnancy, and after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of placental lactogen (PL) before the prolactin surge. In intact control animals, prolactin secretion remained low until a nocturnal surge of secretion occurred in the dark period preceding parturition, peaking at 269 +/- 51 (S.E.M.) micrograms/l at 03.00 h on day 21. Progesterone levels fell from greater than 200 nmol/l on day 19 to less than 40 nmol/l by 12.00 h on day 20 of pregnancy. PL levels during late pregnancy were modified by partial or complete removal of conceptuses at 10.00 h on day 19 of pregnancy. Removal of all but one or two conceptuses did not change the normal pattern of prolactin or progesterone secretion. Removal of all conceptuses, however, induced a large nocturnal surge of prolactin secretion, peaking at 211.7 +/- 78 micrograms/l at 03.00 h on day 20, 24 h earlier than the surge in intact animals. Progesterone levels after removal of all conceptuses fell to less than 40 nmol/l by 23.00 h on day 19, approximately 12 h before the decline in intact animals. Maintenance of increased progesterone levels after conceptus removal using silicone tubing implants significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced the peak of the premature prolactin surge to 79.7 +/- 18 micrograms/l at 05.00 h on day 20.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

On the Role of the Septal Area in the Development of Doca-Salt Hypertension in the Rat

The extensive destruction of forebrain noradrenergic nerve terminals by the intraventricular injection of 250 μg of 6-hydroxy-dopamine prevents the subsequent development of DOCA-salt experimental hypertension in rats while the lesser destruction of noradrenergic nerve terminals produced by 90 μg of 6-hydroxydopa does not. The greatest difference in brain part noradrenaline levels between these two neurotoxins was in the septal area where noradrenaline was less than 15% of controls after 6-hydroxydopamine but was the same as controls after 6-hydroxydopa. The non-specific destruction of the lateral septal area by radiofrequency lesions prevented the subsequent development of DOCA-salt hypertension. The relatively selective destruction of catecholamine nerve terminals in the lateral septal area by the injection of 1 μg 6-hydroxydopamine in 1 μl vehicle also prevented the development of DOCA-salt hypertension. These data suggest that the lateral septal area may be the location of the forebrain catecholaminergic neural activity that is necessary for the development of DOCA-salt experimental hypertension in rats.     

Oxprenolol in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly

Controversy continues to surround the value of drug treatment of hypertension in the elderly. Epidemiologic evidence implicates hypertension as a major risk factor in the precocious development of stroke and coronary heart disease in the elderly subject as clearly as it is implicated in the younger person. The hemodynamic and neuroendocrine profiles of the older patient with essential hypertension are similar to those of younger patients in the stable phase of the disease. However, the arterial ravages induced by many years of sustained hypertension render the circulation of the elderly subject more sensitive to pharmacologic intervention. The benefit-risk ratio of most antihypertensive drugs appears to be inversely related to age. Diuretics reduce the blood pressure at rest but have no influence on the increases in systolic pressure during normal activity; in addition, they carry potentially serious metabolic hazards in the elderly hypertensive patient. Centrally acting drugs likewise lower the blood pressure at rest without influencing the high systolic pressures induced by exercise. They also enhance the tendency to endogenous depression. Adrenergic-neurone blocking drugs and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists are contraindicated because of the frequency of impaired cardiovascular reflexes in the elderly. The beta-blocking drugs can reduce the risk of coronary and cerebrovascular disease in the older patient with hypertension. They appear to be well tolerated, but because of their impaired metabolic handling in many elderly patients they should probably be used in smaller doses than those prescribed in younger patients. The influence of antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the elderly hypertensive patient is not known.     

Tissue Oxygen Demand in Regulation of the Behavior of the Cells in the Vasculature

The control of arteriolar diameters in microvasculature has been in the focus of studies on mechanisms matching oxygen demand and supply at the tissue level. Functionally, important vascular elements include EC, VSMC, and RBC. Integration of these different cell types into functional units aimed at matching tissue oxygen supply with tissue oxygen demand is only achieved when all these cells can respond to the signals of tissue oxygen demand. Many vasoactive agents that serve as signals of tissue oxygen demand have their receptors on all these types of cells (VSMC, EC, and RBC) implying that there can be a coordinated regulation of their behavior by the tissue oxygen demand. Such functions of RBC as oxygen carrying by Hb, rheology, and release of vasoactive agents are considered. Several common extra‐ and intracellular signaling pathways that link tissue oxygen demand with control of VSMC contractility, EC permeability, and RBC functioning are discussed.