吲哚菁绿清除试验在肝癌术前评估肝脏储备功能的临床应用

【摘要】 目的 探讨吲哚菁绿清除试验(ICGR15)在肝癌术前评估肝储备功能的临床应用价值。方法〓回顾性分析2012年6月至2013年7月我院63例肝细胞癌手术病人临床资料,根据术前ICGR15分组,对比不同组别术后肝功能恢复情况,并对相关临床资料进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果〓ICGR15≥10%组术后肝功能代偿不全的发生率显著高于ICGR15<10%组(68.2% vs 19.5%,P<0.05)。Child-pugh评分中B级组ICGR15分值较A级组显著升高(19.01%±11.14% vs7.57%±8.34%,P<0.05);ICGR15分值与Child-pugh评分有较好的相关性(P<0.05,r=0.313)。ICGR15预测肝癌术后肝功能不全的特异度为82.5%,明显高于OGTT(P<0.05),而敏感度为65.2%,特异度为82.5%,阳性预测值为68.2%,阴性预测值为80.5%,但与OGTT比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。ICGR15与术后肝功能恢复情况有相关性(P<0.05,r=0.434),而OGTT与术后肝功能恢复情况无明显相关性(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析示ICGR15、脉管癌栓、术中出血量以及术后其他相关并发症是发生术后肝功能代偿不全的独立危险因素。结论 ICGR15是肝癌术前评估肝脏储备功能较理想的临床指标,能较准确预测术后肝功能恢复情况。     

ICGR15在肝癌切除术前评估肝脏储备功能的作用

目的 探讨快速肝储备功能检测系统(DDG)中ICGR15在肝癌切除术前评估肝储备功能的作用.方法 从2005年8月至2007年10月收治66例肝癌切除病人,随机将病人分为ChildPugh评分组和ICGR15组,比较两组术后肝功能不全发生率的变化和分析Child-Pugh评分与ICGR15的关系.结果 Child-Pugh评分组术后出现腹水11例,黄疸8例,肝性脑病5例,死亡2例,肝功能不全发生率为34.4%;ICGR15组术后出现腹水8例,黄疽4例,肝性脑病2例,死亡0例,肝功能不全发生率为23.5%;两组肝功能不全发生率相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);ICGR15组Child-PughB级病人ICGR15均值为(14.38±8.2)%,显著高于Chitd-Pugh A级病人(7.84±4.8)%(P<0.01).结论 Child-Pugh评分与ICGR15值有密切关系,但ICGR15较Child-Pugh评分能更准确,灵敏地评估肝脏储备功能,对决定肝癌切除范围和手术预后的评估有指导作用.     

吲哚氰绿清除试验在半肝切除术中应用的价值

目的 探讨半肝切除术中测定吲哚氰绿15 min潴留率(ICGR15)在原发性肝癌手术中评估残余肝脏储备功能的价值.方法 44例原发性肝癌患者术中阻断待切除侧肝动脉和门静脉后,应用肝功能储备分析仪检测ICGR15.同时记录患者术前Child-Pugh评分、Child-Pugh分级及MELD评分,并评价患者术后肝功能恢复情况.结果 手术后共有17例患者出现肝功能不全,其中肝功能代偿轻度不全14例,重度不全3例.术中ICGR15<10%者术后肝功能不全发生率为17.9%(5/28),明显低于10%～15%者的75.0%(12/16),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Child-Pugh评分在肝功能恢复良好者、肝功能代偿轻度不全者和肝功能代偿重度不全者之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 而肝功能恢复良好者的ICGR15及MELD评分则明显低于肝功能代偿轻度和重度不全者(P<0.05).术前Child-Pugh A级者其术中ICGR15明显低于Child-Pugh B级者(P<0.05).结论 术中残余肝脏的ICGR15检测比传统的Child-Pugh评分更能准确地评估残余肝脏储备功能,可用于指导制定手术方案.     

原发性肝癌患者术前肝储备功能的预测和术后评价

目的 运用脉动色素浓度法(PDD)测定吲哚氰绿潴留率(ICGR15)及有效肝脏血流量(EHBF)评估原发性肝癌患者术前肝脏的储备功能.方法 对55例原发性肝癌患者术前应用PDD法检测ICGR15和EHBF并根据ICGR15分为3组,并行Child-Pugh评分;根据术后肝功的恢复情况将患者分为肝功能恢复良好(G)、轻度不全(M)和重度不全组(S).分析ICGR15三组中术后肝功不全的发生率以及在不同肝功恢复组中ICGR15、EHBF与Child-Pugh评分比较.结果 术后肝功不全在ICGR15三组中的发生率差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);肝功恢复不同组间ICGR15、EHBF同Child-Pugh评分比较具有显著性差异(P＞0.05);在不同的Child-Pugh分级之间,ICGR15及EHBF值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 ICGR15、EHBF比传统Child-Pugh评分可以更准确的评估肝储备功能并指导确定手术方案.     

极限量肝切除治疗巨大肝癌的安全性分析

目的 探讨巨大肝癌患者行肝切除的安伞性评价指标.方法 回顾性分析7年间手术治疗的69例巨大原发性肝癌患者的临床资料,综合分析评估巨大肝癌肝切除的术前肝功能、肝储备功能、肝切除量、残肝体积等指标,观察患者术后恢复及牛存情况.结果 全组术前肝储备功能ICGR15均在≤15%.术前估计解剖性肝切除量在50%～70%.43例接受根治性切除,26例为姑息性切除.切除术后1个月内死亡3例,手术病死率为4.4%,术后并发症发生率为27.5%,经治疗后均顺利恢复.结论 肝储备功能评估结合计算机辅助的肝体积精确测量,为确定肝切除安全限量和适当肝切除范围提供了可靠依据.     

吲哚氰绿测定与Child-Pugh分级在肝储备评估中的价值

目的探讨吲哚氰绿清除试验与Child-Pugh肝功能分级在术前评估肝脏储备功能的价值。方法选择我院2009年10月至2011年2月期间的103例肝癌肝切除患者为对象,手术前测定ICG 15min潴留率(ICGR15),并评估肝纤维化百分比,对手术前、后肝功能进行Child-Pugh分级,分析三者之间的关系。结果随着肝功能级别的升高,肝纤维化百分比逐渐升高,在Child-Pugh A、B、C分级间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ICGR15与肝纤维化百分比呈直线相关趋势(rs=0.960,P<0.05)。术后Child-Pugh分级由A级变为B级或由B级变为C级的患者术前ICGR15值均明显高于术前、术后Child-Pugh分级不变的患者(P<0.05)。结论联合ICGR15和Child-Pugh分级能提高术前对于肝脏储备功能评估的准确性。     

白蛋白-胆红素评分、吲哚箐绿15 min清除率与肝癌肝切除后发生肝衰的关系

背景与目的:白蛋白-胆红素评分模型是近年来评估肝脏功能的重要指标,能够对代偿期肝脏疾病严重程度进行分析;吲哚箐绿15 min清除率则已经证实了可以安全、定量评估肝脏预切除代销,同时对患者肝脏功能储备情况进行分析,有利于手术医师为患者制定个体化治疗方案。本研究探讨白蛋白-胆红素(ALBI)评分、吲哚箐绿15 min清除率(ICGR15)与原发性肝细胞癌患者肝切除手术后发生肝衰竭的关系。方法:选取既往肝切除手术治疗的肝细胞癌且发生肝衰竭的患者24例作为研究组,同期实施相同手术且未发生肝衰竭的患者80例作为对照组;对比两组患者年龄、性别、饮酒、乙肝病毒载量(HBV-DNA)、术前甲胎蛋白(AFP)、腹水、总胆红素(TBIL)、白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、ALBI评分、ICGR15值、手术切除范围、手术时间、肝门阻断时间、出血量;并采用Logistic多因素分析法探讨ICGR15、ALBI评分与患者手术后发生肝衰竭的关系。结果:研究组和对照组年龄、性别、饮酒、HBV-DNA、术前AFP、腹水、手术时间、出血量差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组的ALT、AST、手术切除范围、肝门阻断时间与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组的ALBI评分、ICGR15值均高于对照组(P0.05);经Logistic回归分析显示,原发性肝细胞癌患者手术前血清ALT升高、AST升高、ALBI评分增高、ICGR15值增大、肝门阻断时间延长、肝切除范围增大是其术后发生肝衰竭的独立性危险因素(P0.05)。结论:原发性肝细胞癌患者术后发生肝衰竭的危险因素有很多,其中ICGR15值增大、ALBI评分是其危险因素之一;两者对评价肝切除术后肝功能衰竭具有一定的临床意义。     

肝癌肝切除手术后肝功能恢复的影响因素分析及风险预测模型建立

目的:探讨肝癌肝脏切除手术后肝脏功能恢复影响因素,并建立风险预测模型。方法:回顾性分析2015年2月—2016年9月间行半肝切除手术的50例肝癌患者术的相关临床资料,通过单变量与多变量分析对筛选出可能影响肝癌患者术后肝脏功能恢复的因素,用所得各因素及其统计值建立风险预测模型。结果:患者手术前吲哚菁绿15分钟滞留率(ICGR15)、清除指数(HH15)、残余肝脏体积/标准肝脏体积(RLV/SLV)均为半肝切除手术后肝脏功能恢复的独立危险因素(P=0.002、P0.001、P=0.007);所得到的风险预测模型为:风险系数(R)=31.871×(RLV/SLV)-1.689×(ICG R15)-19.663×HH15;R的临界值为0.90时,其预测术后出现肝功能不全的ROC曲线下面积为0.96,敏感度和特异度为97.5%和90%。结论:较低的RLV/SLV以及较高的ICGl5R和HH15是肝癌患者行肝脏切除术后肝功能不全的危险因素,所建立的预测模型有一定的风险评估价值。     

肝癌患者术前ICGR15水平与术后并发症的相关分析

探讨肝癌患者术前ICGR15水平与肝切除术后并发症发生的关系.方法本院1997年12月-2000年12月收治的59例肝癌患者,依其术后并发症的有无分成二组:有并发症组(n＝23)与无并发症组(n＝36).分析两组间术前ICGR15水平、手术操作与其他临床病理因素的差异.结果有并发症组ICGR15水平(12.173±10.184%)显著高于无并发症组(8.529±6.844%,P＝0.043);有并发症组手术时间(346.39±127.34 min)亦显著长于无并发症组(291.53±117.68 min,P＝0.030);ICGR15水平与血清白蛋白、纤维蛋白原水平呈负相关,与血清总胆红素水平呈正相关,与转氨酶、凝血酶原延长时间无关.结论肝癌肝切除术后并发症与术前肝脏储备功能、手术时间有关,ICGR15是反映肝脏储备功能、预测肝切除术后并发症的敏感指标.     

ICGR15和OGTT预测肝癌患者肝脏储备功能的价值

目的研究吲哚氰绿15min储留率(ICGR15)和口服糖耐量试验(OGTT)对原发性肝癌(PHC)肝脏储备功能预测的价值。方法将58例PHC病人按术后肝功能恢复情况分为肝功能代偿良好组(A组)、轻度不全组(B组)和重度不全组(C组),术前做ICGR15,OGTT及常规肝功能检查。结果C组ICGR15(24.17%±6.59%)较A组(11.42%±3.91%)、B组(16.28%±6.07%)显著升高(P均<0.01);C组OGTT120min血糖值(9.91mmol/L±3.09mmol/L)明显高于A组(5.42mmol/L±0.83mmol/L)、B组(6.68mmol/L±1.61mmol/L)(P均<0.01);ICGR15和OGTT的准确性(86.2%,81.0%)、阳性预测值(93.5%,90.6%)、阴性预测值(74.4%,72.5%)均明显高于Pugh肝功能评分(P<0.01)。结论ICGR15和OGTT可作为预测PHC肝脏储备功能的指标,二者联合应用有助于提高预测的准确性。     

应用吲哚青绿试验与血栓弹力图替代去唾液酸糖蛋白受体分析定量评估肝储备功能

目的：应用吲哚青绿实验与血栓弹力图检测指标,替代肝细胞表面去唾液酸糖蛋白受体分析,建立肝储备功能定量评估系统,并与Child-Pugh评分进行比较,了解其在肝切除术患者肝储备功能评估中的临床应用价值。方法对2012年1月1日至12月31日于本科室行肝部分切除术肝占位病变的患者共55例,测量PHCASGPR＋、ICGR15、EHBF、R值与K值,建立以PHCASGPR＋为因变量（Y）, ICGR15、EHBF、R值与K值为自变量（Xn）的肝储备功能定量评估系统,与Child-Pugh评分进行比较,了解两种方法预测术后肝功能代偿情况的准确率。结果 Child-Pugh预测术后肝功能代偿良好准确率为56.67%,Y值预测术后肝功能代偿良好准确率为84.62%（χ2=5.374,P =0.020）;Child-Pugh预测术后肝功能代偿不全准确率为76.00%,Y值预测术后肝功能代偿不全准确率为96.55%（χ2=5.400,P =0.020）。结论建立的肝储备功能定量评估系统能够更全面评价肝切除患者围手术期肝储备功能。     

Preoperative regional maximal removal rate of technetium-99m-galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA-Rmax) is useful for judging the safety of hepatic resection

BACKGROUND: For hepatic resection, the preoperative estimation of hepatic functional reserve in the predicted remnant liver may be more important than that of the entire liver. We evaluated the maximal removal rate of technetium-99m-galactosyl-human serum albumin (GSA-Rmax) in the remnant. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-eight patients were admitted for elective hepatectomy. Conventional liver function, and 15-minute retention rate of indocyanine green (ICGR15) were carried out preoperatively. The GSA-Rmax was calculated according to a radiopharmacokinetic model; then we used the single photon emission computed tomography images to calculate the regional GSA-Rmax in the predicted residual liver (GSA-RL), depending on the operative procedures. The volume of the predicted residual liver (LV-RL) was calculated on the basis of computed tomography images. RESULTS: The preoperative LV-RL correlated well with the GSA-RL in patients with normal liver; however, there was no such correlation in those with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. All of 7 postoperative hyperbilirubinemia occurred in the patients with GSA-RL < 0.15. Two patients died of postoperative liver failure 1 to 2 months after the operation. These 2 patients had GSA-RL values of 0.078 and 0.090, respectively, and severe discrepancies between the GSA-Rmax in the remnant liver and ICGR15. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that GSA-RL may be useful for determining the procedure of hepatectomy and that the value should be maintained at greater than 0.15 to avoid postoperative hyperbilirubinemia or hepatic failure.     

Functional hepatic regeneration following hepatectomy using galactosyl-human serum albumin liver scintigraphy

In extended hepatectomy and liver transplantation, accurate estimation of functional hepatic regeneration is more important than volumetric regeneration. We investigated the usefulness of measuring the functional hepatic volume by 99m-technetium galactosyl-human serum albumin scintigraphy (GSA). Extended hepatectomy was performed in 32 patients. These patients were divided into subgroups with or without chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Functional hepatic volume GSA scintigraphy (GSA-LV) and determination of hepatic volume by CT (CT-LV) measurements were performed preoperatively, at 2 and 4 weeks and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The preoperative GSA-LV values were significantly correlated with the hepatocyte volume and the 15-minute retention rate of indocyanine green (ICGR15). Similarly, the hepatocyte volume correlated well with the CT-LV and ICGR15. However, the CT-LV correlated only with the ICGR15. Recovery of the GSA-LV was delayed, and about 90% of the volumetric and functional regeneration was observed within 6 months after the hepatectomy. In contrast, the CT-LV in patients with normal liver remnants returned to approximately 90% of the initial volume within 1 month after the hepatectomy, whereas patients with injured livers regeneration showed gradual recovery to approximately 80% of the preoperative value by 6 months after hepatectomy. We conclude that measurement of functional hepatic volume using the GSA-LV is useful to evaluate hepatic function based on hepatocyte volume.     

肝细胞癌肝切除术后肝功能衰竭的防治

目的 探讨肝细胞癌肝切除术后肝功能衰竭的原因和防治方法.方法 回顾性分析2000年7月至2008年6月收治的手术切除并病理证实的1000例肝细胞癌患者的临床资料.其中男性922例,女性78例;年龄21～89岁,平均55岁.结果 术后发生肝功能衰竭18例,发生率为1.8%.18例肝功能衰竭患者中,老年患者(>65岁)13例,吲哚氰绿15 min潴留率(ICGR15)>20%者14例,术中出血量>1000 ml 14例,术中输血量>1000 ml 13例,肝纤维化程度Metavir评分中,最严重肝硬化(F4)和严重纤维化(F3)6例(6/7),肝脏余肝体积<40.0%9例(75.0%,9/12).结论 余肝体积过小、术中失血和输血过多、ICGR15>20%、肝纤维化程度Metavir评分F4和F3的肝细胞癌患者较易发生术后肝功能衰竭,人工肝或联合肝移植在治疗术后肝功能衰竭方面有着极其重要的作用.     

标准残肝体积联合瞬时弹性成像技术预测半肝切除的安全性研究

目的探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)患者应用标准残肝体积(SRLV)及肝脏瞬时弹性成像技术(TE)评估半肝手术患者肝储备功能的可行性及安全性。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年1月27例行半肝切除并病理证实为HCC患者的资料，术前CT测定肝脏总体积、瘤体体积、残肝体积，术中排水法测定切除的半肝标本的体积，计算SRLV；采用IBM SPSS 25.0完成分析，计量资料以( ±s)表示，采用t检验或方差分析；计数资料的组间对比采用χ²分析；采用ROC曲线分析不同因素ROC曲线下面积，检验水准P<0.05。 结果半肝切除患者病理分期肝纤维化S2～S4期SRLV临界值均为0.329 L/m²，半肝切除术后发生肝功能不全患者13例，其中肝纤维化S2～S4期SRLV临界值均亦为0.329 L/m^2; Child-Pugh分级预测术后肝功能代偿良好准确率为52.2%，而新评价模型预测术后肝功能代偿良好准确率为100.0%(P<0.05)；Child-Pugh分级预测术后肝功能代偿轻度不良准确率为25.0%，而新评价模型预测术后肝功能代偿轻度不良准确率为88.2%(P<0.05)。 结论SRLV联合是评估HCC行半肝切除安全指标；Child-Pugh分级联合肝瞬时弹性值的新肝储备评估模型对半肝手术患者储备功能的评估有较好的临床指导意义。     

Usefulness of measuring hepatic functional volume using Technetium-99m galactosyl serum albumin scintigraphy in bile duct carcinoma: report of two cases

We report the usefulness of measuring functional liver volume in two patients undergoing hepatectomy. Case 1 involved a 47-year-old man with hepatitis B virus infection. The indocyanine green test retention rate at 15 min (ICGR15) was 14%. Liver uptake ratio (LHL15) by technetium-99 m galactosyl human serum albumin (^99mTc-GSA) liver scintigraphy was 0.91. The patient displayed hilar bile duct carcinoma necessitating right hepatectomy. After preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE), future remnant liver volume became 54% and functional volume by ^99mTc-GSA became 79%. Although the permitted resected liver volume was lower than the liver volume, scheduled hepatectomy was performed following the results of functional liver volume. Case 2 involved a 75-year-old man with diabetes. ICGR15 was 27.4% and LHL15 was 0.87. The patient displayed bile duct carcinoma located in the upper bile duct with biliary obstruction in the right lateral sector. The right hepatectomy was scheduled. After PVE, future remnant volume became 68% and functional volume became 88%. Although ICGR15 was worse as 31%, planned hepatectomy was performed due to the results of functional volume. In the liver with biliary obstruction or portal embolization, functional liver volume is decreased more than morphological volume. Measurement of functional volume provides useful information for deciding operative indication.     

Perioperative real-time monitoring of indocyanine green clearance by pulse spectrophotometry predicts remnant liver functional reserve in resection of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: There is no standard method for predicting remnant liver functional reserve after hepatectomy or for monitoring it in real time. METHODS: Indocyanine green (ICG) clearance (K) was measured non-invasively and instantaneously using pulse spectrophotometry before surgery, during inflow occlusion and after hepatectomy in 75 patients who underwent anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RESULTS: Eight patients (11 per cent) suffered liver failure and one (1 per cent) died in hospital. An estimated remnant K value of 0.090 per min was the cut-off value for liver failure. In a logistic regression model, the estimated remnant K (0.090 per min; P = 0.022) and age (65 years; P = 0.025) were significant predictors of postoperative liver failure. There was a correlation between the estimated and measured post-hepatectomy K, and between the inflow occlusion K and measured post-hepatectomy K (P < 0.001). The cut-off value of less than 0.090 per min for the estimated remnant K resulted in 88 per cent sensitivity and 82 per cent specificity for predicting liver failure. CONCLUSION: Perioperative real-time monitoring of ICG-K is useful for evaluating the remnant liver functional reserve before, during and after liver resection for HCC. The estimated remnant K is a significant predictor of liver failure.     

运用去唾液酸糖蛋白受体定量评估肝脏储备功能体系的建立

目的 肝脏去唾液酸糖蛋白受体(ASGPR)指标结合吲哚氰绿储留率(ICGR_(15))建立综合评估肝脏储备功能的体系。方法 测定不同比例肝脏切除大鼠模型肝脏ASGPR的HH_(15)、LHL_(15)和MRI结合ICGR_(15),建立一个综合定量评估肝脏储备功能的评分体系。结果 在正常肝脏容量丢失15％时,HH_(15)、LHL_(15)、MRI、ICGR_(15)等均不能显著反映出肝脏储备功能的变化,而涵盖上述指标的综合评估体系Y值(肝脏功能残余量)则能显著反映肝脏储备功能的变化。结论 涵盖HH_(15)、LHL_(15)、MRI及ICGR_(15)等指标的回归方程Y=2.56+33.188×MRI-44.844×HH_(15)+24.032×LHL_(15)-34.915×ICGR_(15)中的Y值是评估肝脏储备功能的敏感指标,能够对四氯化碳肝硬化大鼠模型的肝脏储备功能作出准确可靠的定量评估。