完全性腹腔镜全结肠切除治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜完全性全结肠切除术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病的可行性与安全性.方法 应用腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗家族性息肉病患者68例,总结手术过程及术后恢复情况.结果 68例均在腹腔镜完全性全结肠切除术成功,下腹部正中切口长度平均为5cm,手术时间130～340min,术中失血约30～240mL.术后前3d的腹腔日平均引流量约30mL,术后1～2天排便排气,住院时间6～9d.术后3个月随访无近期并发症发生.结论 腹腔镜完全性全结肠切除治疗FAP创伤小、恢复快、安全、可行,但尚需进一步的手术病例积累.     

腹腔镜全结肠切除术在家族性腺瘤性息肉病中的临床应用(附4例报道)

目的探讨腹腔镜全结肠切除术在家族性腺瘤性息肉病（FAP）中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2008年1月至2009年10月期间收治的行腹腔镜全结肠切除术的4例FAP患者的临床资料,对手术安全性和术后恢复情况进行分析。结果 4例患者均顺利行腹腔镜全结肠切除术,无中转开腹,无手术并发症及死亡。腹部切口长6.0cm,手术时间300～380min（平均330min）,术中出血量90～250ml（平均160ml）。术后2～3d肛门开始排气,术后住院时间7～11d（平均9d）出院。出院后大便稀薄,8～12次/d,给予易蒙停治疗后缓解。随访2～22个月（平均14个月）,无近期并发症发生。结论腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗FAP安全、有效,近期效果良好。     

腹腔镜下全结肠切除17例体会

目的 探讨腹腔镜下全结肠切除术的可行性和安全性.方法 回顾分析腹腔镜全结肠切除术17例的临床资料.17例均为家族性腺瘤性息肉病,在腹腔镜下行全结肠切除术,如有癌变者同时行肿瘤区域淋巴结清扫术.结果 17例手术顺利完成,无中转开腹,无手术死亡.平均手术时间320 min,平均出血量150 ml,辅助切口平均长度6 cm,平均术后住院8 d,无严重手术并发症.结论 腹腔镜全结肠切除术安全可行,手术创伤小,恢复快.     

1例FAP患者腹腔镜全结肠切除术的护理

对1例家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)患者在全麻下行腹腔镜全结肠切除术.结果手术顺利,术后患者恢复良好.提出术前良好的心理沟通、充分的术前准备、手术方式的慎重选择及术后周密细致的护理措施是手术成功的基础.     

腹腔镜全结肠切除治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病12例

目的探讨腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)的可行性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2015年6月～2018年12月腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗12例FAP的临床资料,4例癌变者行腹腔镜全结肠直肠切除、末段回肠造口术,6例直肠下段未扪及明显息肉者行腹腔镜全结肠切除、直肠次全切除、回肠J形储袋直肠吻合术,2例直肠下段有少量息肉者行腹腔镜全结肠切除及直肠次全切除、残留直肠黏膜剥脱、经直肠肌鞘内回肠肛管吻合术。结果 12例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹,术后2～3天肛门排气,住院时间8～12 d。随访3～24(13±3)月,无近期并发症发生,除回肠造口4例外,其余8例术后控便较好,3个月后大便能控制在3～6次/日。结论腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗FAP创伤小,恢复快,安全,有效。     

腹腔镜辅助下全结直肠切除术治疗结直肠多发性疾病

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助下全结直肠切除术治疗结直肠多发疾病的可行性与安全性。方法:回顾性分析11例在腹腔镜辅助下进行的全结肠切除术患者的临床资料,其中家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)2例,息肉癌变2例,结直肠多发癌3例,慢性溃疡性结直肠炎2例,慢性顽固性便秘2例。结果:11例腹腔镜辅助下全结肠切除术均成功,手术时间约(348±47)m in,术中出血量约(187±68)m l,术后胃肠功能恢复时间(65±18)h,辅助切口3~5 cm,术后无腹腔出血、感染、吻合口瘘等并发症;随访6~24月,大便5~12次/d;无肿瘤复发、转移。结论:在熟练掌握腹腔镜操作技术和开腹大肠切除技巧的前提下,完成腹腔镜辅助下全结直肠切除术是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜全结肠切除术在家族性腺瘤性结肠息肉病及溃疡性结肠炎中的临床应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜全结肠切除术在家族性腺瘤性结肠息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)及溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)治疗中的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2009～2012年为12例患者行腹腔镜全结肠切除术(FAP患者7例,UC患者5例)及18例传统开腹全结(直)肠切除术(FAP患者7例,UC患者11例)的临床资料。结果:腹腔镜组在切口长度、术中出血量、术后止痛药使用量、术后排气时间、拔除导尿管时间、术后住院时间等方面优于开腹组,住院总花费明显高于传统开腹手术。结论:腹腔镜全结肠切除术用于FAP及UC安全、可行,与传统开腹手术相比,具有患者创伤小、康复快等优点,手术效果不亚于传统开腹手术,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

1例FAP患者腹腔镜全结肠切除术的护理

对1例家族性腺瘤性息肉（FAP）患者在全麻下行腹腔镜全结肠切除术。结果手术顺利，术后患者恢复良好。提出术前良好的心理沟通、充分的术前准备、手术方式的慎重选择及术后周密细致的护理措施是手术成功的基础。     

腹腔镜全结肠切除术

腹腔镜全结肠切除手术在文献报道中并不多见,究其原因,与手术操作复杂,难度较大,手术用时较长有关,另外也受适应证的限制。自1991年Jacobs首先报道腹腔镜乙状结肠切除以来,腹腔镜全结肠切除术在发展中逐步成熟。1腹腔镜全结肠切除术的适应证与禁忌证(1)适应证:暴发性结肠炎(包括溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病和感染性肠炎)、结肠慢传输障碍、家族性腺瘤性息肉     

腹腔镜辅助全结肠切除治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病1例

家族性腺瘤性息肉病（familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP）是常染色体显性遗传的结肠疾病,易恶变,预防性手术是外科普遍采用的治疗和预防其恶变的方法,目前多采用传统开腹手术.我院2004年8月于腹腔镜辅助下治疗1例FAP,报道如下.     

Laparoscopic-assisted operation for familial adenomatous polyposis patients-two case reports.

OBJECTIVE: We describe herein the results of 2 laparoscopic operations to treat patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). METHODS: Two female FAP patients, aged 32 and 29 years old, were treated with restorative proctocolectomy and total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery), respectively. RESULTS: The operative time was 360 minutes for the restorative proctocolectomy and 150 minutes for the total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. The blood loss was 500 cc for the restorative proctocolectomy and minimal for the total colectomy patient. The return of bowel movements took 3 days for each patient, and no complication occurred. Patients were discharged on the 15th and 7th postoperative days. CONCLUSION: A laparoscopic approach for restorative proctocolectomy or total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis is safe and technically feasible, and provides good cosmesis.     

腹腔镜与开腹全结肠切除术治疗家族性息肉病的疗效比较

目的:比较腹腔镜下全结肠切除术和传统开腹术在治疗家族性息肉病的安全性与有效性。方法:回顾性分析2003年1月—2011年1月间收治的家族性息肉病患者56例的临床资料,按术式将患者分为腹腔镜组(31例)和传统开腹组(25例),比较两组术前、术中及术后情况。结果:两组术前一般资料具有可比性(P>0.05);两组术中失血量无明显差异,均无输血(均P>0.05),腹腔镜组平均手术时间长于开腹组(330 min vs.160 min)(P<0.05);术后,两组除胃肠道恢复时间无统计学差异外(P>0.05),与开腹组比较,腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率(0 vs.24%),止痛药使用例数(0 vs.6),平均住院时间(8 d vs.14 d)及术后前3天平均引流量(30 mL vs.100 mL)均明显减少(均P<0.05);术后3个月,腹腔镜组未见复发,而开腹组3例复发(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下全结肠切除术可以安全有效地治疗家族性息肉病,且较开腹术在生活质量和远期疗效方面存在优势。     

A critical analysis of laparoscopic colectomy at a single institution: lessons learned after 1000 cases

BACKGROUND: A critical outcome analysis of a large, single-institution experience provides a better frame of reference for an assessment of the role of laparoscopic colectomy for colorectal pathology. METHODS: Review of a prospectively gathered database was performed of a consecutive series of laparoscopic colectomy patients who were operated on by 2 surgeons at a single institution (tertiary referral center) using standardized techniques and care plans. Patients were assessed for operative indications, type of resection, operative time, conversion, complications, duration of stay, and readmission within 30 days. RESULTS: One thousand consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy from January 1999 thru June 2004 were analyzed. The types of resections were right colectomy = 314, left/sigmoid colectomy/anterior resection = 435, total colectomy = 61, total proctocolectomy = 14, and other = 176. The indications for surgery were diverticular disease = 285, colorectal neoplasia = 285, inflammatory bowel disease = 172, rectal prolapse = 81, and other = 177. The conversion rate was 11.4%. The mean operative time was 112 +/- 45 minutes for all resections. The mean duration of hospitalization for all patients was 3.7 +/- 3.8. The overall complication rate was 9.9%, with the most frequent complications being ileus 2.8%, pulmonary 1.6%, cardiac 1.4%, and wound infection 2.6%. The 30-day readmission rate was 9.1%, and the most frequent reasons for readmission were ileus/small-bowel obstruction, intra-abdominal infection, and anastomotic leak. CONCLUSIONS: This largest single-institution experience with laparoscopic colectomy confirms the benefits of a standardized approach including shorter hospital rehabilitation and low rates of cardiopulmonary and wound complications. Efforts must be directed at improving access to training in laparoscopic colectomy techniques so that patients can benefit from this new technology.     

腹腔镜下全结肠切除治疗多原发结肠癌3例

目的:探讨腹腔镜下全结肠切除术的可行性和安全性。方法:回顾分析腹腔镜全结肠切除术3例的临床资料。3例均为多原发结肠癌,在腹腔镜辅助下行全结肠切除术,并行肿瘤区域淋巴结清扫、回肠直肠吻合术。结果:3例手术顺利完成,无中转开腹,无手术死亡。平均手术时间300min(270～330min),平均出血量110ml(80～150ml),辅助切口平均长度6cm(5～7cm),平均术后住院8d(7～10d),无手术并发症。术后随访3例患者6～18个月,其中1例术后2个月出现肝内多发转移癌和脾转移癌,行B超介入射频治疗和静脉联合化疗后至今存活。结论:腹腔镜辅助全结肠切除术治疗多原发结肠癌安全可行,近期疗效良好。     

Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy for chronic diverticular disease.

BACKGROUND: The feasibility of laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy for diverticular disease has now been well established. We report herein our experience with laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy in 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic colectomy for chronic diverticular disease. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of a 7-year period from January 1995 to June 2002. Chronic diverticular disease was treated with laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy in 100 patients. The setting was a community hospital. All cases were performed by 1 of 2 colorectal surgeons. All laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy patients received lighted ureteral stents placed preoperatively that were removed at the end of surgery. RESULTS: Mean age was 61.6 years. The male to female ratio was 38:62. The mean estimated blood loss was 138 mL, liquid diet was tolerated for 2.4 days, and hospital length of stay was 4.6 days. The mean operative time for laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was 196 minutes. Relative complications for laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy are as follows: anastomotic leak in 2 (3.0%) patients, hematuria in 95 (95%) with an average duration for 3.1 days, urinary tract infection in 6 (6%), and ureteral injury in 1 (1%). The mean operating room charges in the laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy patients was dollars 9,643. CONCLUSION: We recommend laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy as the modality of treatment for chronic diverticular disease. Laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy appears to be a reliable, safe, and efficacious treatment modality for chronic diverticular disease. The operative time for laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy is decreasing as surgeons gain more experience.     

Advantages of laparoscopic colectomy in older patients

HYPOTHESIS: Few data describe the relative benefits of an expedited recovery program and laparoscopic technique in older vs younger patients undergoing colectomy. We compared short-term outcomes in age-matched cohorts of patients undergoing laparoscopic vs open segmental colectomy managed with the Controlled Rehabilitation With Early Ambulation and Diet program. DESIGN: Four age-matched cohorts of patients were compared: (1). patients 70 years or older undergoing laparoscopic colectomy (group 1), (2). those 70 or older undergoing open colectomy (group 2), (3). those younger than 60 undergoing laparoscopic colectomy (group 3), and (4). those younger than 60 undergoing open colectomy (group 4). METHODS: Data collected included age, sex, body mass index, Physiologic and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Morbidity and Mortality, American Society of Anesthesiologists' score, estimated blood loss, operative duration in minutes, pathologic findings, type of segmental colectomy, complications, mortality, length of hospital stay, and 30-day readmission rate. RESULTS: Four hundred seventy-six patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had complete data available for collection (group 1, 50 patients; group 2, 123 patients; group 3, 181 patients; and group 4, 122 patients). Demographic data, operative procedures, and pathologic findings were similar among the cohorts. The mean +/- SEM length of hospital stay was significantly shorter with laparoscopic surgery in both age cohorts (group 1, 4.2 +/- 3.0 days; group 2, 9.3 +/- 7.6 days; group 3, 3.9 +/- 5.9 days; and group 4, 6.1 +/- 3.0 days). The mean +/- SEM direct hospital costs were significantly lower only with laparoscopic colectomy in the older cohorts. Using the Physiologic and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Morbidity and Mortality, it was noted that group 2 experienced an observed rate of morbidity similar to that predicted. Conversely, groups 1, 3, and 4 had rates that were significantly lower than expected. Mean +/- SEM readmission rates were comparable in the older cohorts (group 1, 6.0%, and group 2, 6.5%) but significantly different in the younger cohorts (group 3, 9.4%, and group 4, 4.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The Controlled Rehabilitation With Early Ambulation and Diet program in combination with laparoscopic segmental colectomy can be safely performed in all age groups. The technique offers particular advantages to older patients because of reductions in length of hospital stay, morbidity and mortality rates, and direct cost of care.     

家族性腺瘤性息肉病的诊断与治疗

目的 总结家族性腺瘤性息肉病（ＦＡＰ）的诊断和治疗经验。方法 回顾性分析１３例ＦＡＰ的临床病理资料。结果 本组１３例患者,男５例,女８例,平均年龄３１．５岁。其中良性５例,平均年龄２５岁;癌变８例,平均年龄３６岁。８例有家族史者源于６个家系,３代中共发现１９例患者其中４个家系中有７例２死于大肠癌。本组患者病史２－２０年,每例息肉数均超过１００个。最多达３－９个／ｃｍ＾２。全部病例均施行了全结肠切除     

Gasless laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis

PURPOSE: We evaluated the data on initial experience of gasless laparoscopic surgery for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seven patients (male/female = 3:4, median age 23, UC/FAP=5:2) underwent gasless laparoscopic total (procto) colectomy. Our basic surgical procedure involved (1) a 6- to 8-cm incision made at the beginning of the operation, (2) the wound pulled upward and/or laterally by retractors, and (3) conventional surgical instruments used through the wound; occasionally laparoscopic assistance and abdominal lifting were employed. The results were compared to those of 7 patients who had undergone conventional open surgery. RESULTS: Oral intake started earlier (p = 0.03) and C-reactive protein level on POD 4 was lower (p = 0.03) in the gasless group than in the control group. Duration of surgery, blood loss, requirement of analgesia, and morbidity rate were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that gasless laparoscopic surgery for UC and FAP is feasible and can be an alternative method for minimally invasive surgery.