米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于中期妊娠引产的疗效比较

目的比较中期妊娠引产中米非司酮联合米索前列醇、水囊引产、利凡诺引产的疗效。方法回顾性分析暨南大学附属第一医院2003年6月至2007年9月中期妊娠引产528例，将其分成米非司酮联合米索前列醇组、水囊引产组、利凡诺引产组，并进行临床疗效对比。结果米非司酮联合米索前列醇组引产成功率95．36％，显著高于水囊组（90．30％）和利凡诺组（91．63％）。引产时间（13．71±8．52）h，显著短于水囊组（27．83±4．18）h和利凡诺引产组（41．13±11．8）h。结论米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于中期妊娠引产安全，效果好，引产时间短，大大降低住院费用。尤其适用于当前社区及基层医院的应用。     

三种不同中期妊娠引产方式的比较

目的比较中期妊娠引产中米非司酮联合米索前列醇,水囊引产,利凡诺引产的疗效,副作用以及预后等。方法回顾性分析我院2007.6-2009.9中期妊娠引产264例,将其分成米非司酮联合米索前列醇组,水囊引产组,利凡诺引产组,进行临床疗效对比。结果：米非司酮联合米索前列醇组引产成功率94.84%,显著高于水囊组（88.09%）和利凡诺组（92.00%）。引产时间12.71±7.15h）,显著短于水囊组（26.83±8.18h）和利凡诺引产组（31.16±11.51h）。结论米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于中期妊娠引产安全,效果好,引产时间短,大大降低住院费用,尤其适用于当前社区及基层医院的应用。     

三种药物引产方法在中期妊娠中的应用

目的 为探讨药物在中期妊娠引产中的疗效.方法 将96例中期妊娠引产患者随机分为3组,米非司酮与米索前列醇组(A组)、米非司酮与利凡诺组(B组)、利凡诺组(C组),各组患者32例.A组口服米非司酮及米索前列醇;B组口服米非司酮后即行利凡诺羊膜腔注射;C组只行利凡诺羊膜腔注射.结果 A组与B组引产成功率高,出血量少,流产时间短,胎盘胎膜残留需刮宫处置的都少于单纯利凡诺引产组.结论 中期妊娠引产口服米非司酮、米索前列醇与口服米非司酮后即行利凡诺羊膜腔注射,优于利凡诺引产,具有重要临床意义     

米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于中孕引产的临床观察

目的探讨米非司酮顿服联合米索前列醇阴道后穹窿放置用于中孕引产的疗效。方法选取我院2006年10～2008年10月孕16～24周要求终止妊娠者100例,随机分为两组,观察组50例,米非司酮片150mg顿服,隔日晨米索前列醇片0．4mg阴道后穹窿放置;对照组50例,利凡诺针100mg羊膜腔内注射。结果观察组流产时间短、清宫率低、产后出血量少、宫缩痛轻,与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;观察组引产成功率与对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论米非司酮顿服联合米索前列醇阴道后穹窿放置用于中孕引产是一种安全、有效的引产方法,明显优于利凡诺羊膜腔内注射法。     

三种不同中期妊娠引产方式的比较

目的 比较中期妊娠引产中米非司酮联合米索前列醇,水囊引产,利凡诺引产的疗效,副作用以及预后等.方法 回顾性分析我院2007.6-2009.9中期妊娠引产264例,将其分成米非司酮联合米索前列醇组,水囊引产组,利凡诺引产组,进行临床疗效对比.结果:米非司酮联合米索前列醇组引产成功率94.84%.显著高于水囊组(88.09%)和利凡诺组(92.00%).引产时间12.71±7.15h),显著短于水囊组(26.83±8.18h)和利凡诺引产组(31.16±11.51h).结论 米非司嗣联合米索前列醇用于中期妊娠引产安全,效果好,引产时间短,大大降低住院费用,尤其适用于当前社区及基层医院的应用.     

瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产方法的比较与分析

目的观察三种方法用于瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产的疗效及安全性。方法选择瘢痕子宫孕妇120例,孕周14-24周,随机分为三组：A组：米非司酮配伍米索前列醇片;B组：米非司酮联合羊膜腔内注入利凡诺100mg;C组：单用利凡诺100mg羊膜腔内注入法引产。结果用药至宫缩开始时间,总产程,产时产后出血量,胎盘胎膜残留率,引产成功率等;A组,B组无明显差异,但与C组间差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。结论瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产在排除了禁忌症后,联合米非司酮应用方法简单,安全可靠。     

米非司酮配伍米索前列醇在中期妊娠引产中的应用

目的 探讨米非司酮配伍米索前列醇在中期妊娠引产中的临床疗效.方法 150例14~~24周妊娠的健康孕妇分为两组,A组口服米非司酮配伍米索前列醇诱导引产,B组用得凡诺羊膜腔内注射引产.观察宫缩开始时间、胎儿胎盘排出时间、阴道流血量,比较两组间的流产率.结果 A组完全流产率较B组明显升高.结论应用米非司酮配伍米索前列醇终止14~~24周妊娠方法简便、安全、有效、完全流产率高,值得临床推广应用.     

瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产方法的比较与分析

目的 观察三种方法用于瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产的疗效及安全性.方法 选择瘢痕子宫孕妇120例,孕周14-24周,随机分为三组;A组:米非司酮配伍米索前列醇片;B组:米非司酮联合羊膜腔内注入利凡诺100mg;C组:单用利凡诺100mg羊膜腔内注入法引产.结果 用药至宫缩开始时间,总产程,产时产后出血量,胎盘胎膜残留率,引产成功率等;A组,B组无明显差异,但与C组间差异有显著性意艾(P<0.05).结论 瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产在排除了禁忌症后,联合米非司酮应用方法简单,安全可靠.     

米非司酮配伍米索前列醇用于瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产观察

目的分析米非司酮配伍米索前列醇用于终止瘢痕子宫中期妊娠的效果。方法回顾分析我科2006年～2009年采用米非司酮口服配伍米索前列醇后穹隆放置用于瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产资料,并与同期正常子宫中期妊娠引产对比。结果两组引产成功率均为100%,研究组比对照组产后出血量明显增多（P〈0.01）,胎盘残留数明显增高,差异显著（P〈0.05）。两组米索前列醇平均用量、引产时间、不良反应比较差异无统计学意义。结论米非司酮配伍米索前列醇用于瘢痕子宫中期妊娠引产经济、方便、安全有效,值得临床推广应用。     

丙酸睾丸酮配伍米索前列醇终止中期妊娠的临床研究

目的 探索丙酸睾丸酮配伍米索前列醇终止中期妊娠的临床效果。方法 104例孕13－28周要求药物引产的妇女，随机分为2组。I组52例，入院当天起肌注丙酸睾丸酮100mg，QD共3次，肌注末次丙酸睾丸酮后2小时开始给米索前列醇0.2mg放于阴道后穹窿，每3小时1次最多6次。Ⅱ组52例，米非司酮50mg，Q12H共3次，服完末次药后2小时开始给米索前列醇，用法同I组。结果 I、II组24小时内流产成功率分别为90．4％和94．2％，差异无显著性。两组米索前列醇用量和出血量均无差异（P＞0．05），两组副反应分别为10．6％和12．0％，仅流产时间I组较II组长，差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）。结论 肌注丙酸睾丸酮或口服米非司酮合并阴道放置米索前列醇均是终止28周以内妊娠的较好方法，可在临床推广使用。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

Modes of Inheritance of Errors of Refraction

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of +4·0 D to −4·0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22·3-26·0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0·5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0·407) and for the cornea (0·487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coefficients were seen in 19 families in which one of the parents had axial length outside the emmetropic range (nine families with long axes and 10 with short axes).

The pattern of polygenic inheritance for emmetropia (completely correlated optical components) and errors of refraction up to 4·0 D (inadequately correlated components: correlation ametropia) follows that seen in stature and other measurable characters. In contrast the high refractive errors with their abnormal axial lengths (component ametropia) are—like the extremes in stature—pathological anomalies with monofactorial inheritance.

     

Aspects of the problem of direct introduction of Standards of International Organizations

Editorial note. This article is published as part of a discussion. Particular issues of the article are disputable. First of all, this concerns the so-called “folder” method of introduction of international standards for medical devices to domestic medical practice (i.e., by direct translation of the standards and their publication as standardizing documents). Nevertheless, at least one of the problems, the problem of coordination between domestic state standards for medical devices and international recommendations of ISO and IEC, is undoubtedly of topical importance. Advancement of new health service legislation which is to be approved by law-makers will definitely introduce corrections into the present situation. The Editorial Board of Meditsinskaya Tekhnika believes this article will lessen these problems and to be welcomed by readers.