LA M、ETV抗病毒治疗对伴活动性肝硬化肝癌患者术后的影响

目的：探讨LAM、ETV抗病毒治疗对伴活动性肝硬化肝癌患者术后的影响。方法2011年至2013年我院收治的48例接受手术治疗的伴活动性肝硬化肝癌患者分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予单纯手术治疗,观察组采用手术治疗联合LAM、ETV抗病毒治疗。结果观察组患者的并发症发生率为16．7％（4/24）,比对照组62．5％（15/24）明显降低（P＜0．05）;治疗后48、96周观察组患者的ALT、AST、TBil、Alb、Child-Pugh 评分均较治疗前显著下降（P＜0．05）;治疗前后观察组患者各项生化指标和病毒学指标的改善程度比对照组大（P＜0．05）;观察组患者的生存时间明显比对照组显著增高,治疗后48、96周累计生存率均比对照组明显增高（P＜0．05）。结论 LAM、ETV 抗病毒对治疗伴活动性肝硬化肝癌的患者术后效果良好。     

65岁以上老年人胃癌332例临床分析

目的 探讨老年胃癌患者的临床特点及其外科治疗方法的选择及预后。方法 回顾性分析1990年1月至2003年6月收治的332例65岁以上老年人胃癌的临床资料和生存资料。结果 本组临床好转率为97．0％，围手术期病死率为3．0％，手术并发症发生率为24．7％。根治性胃切除组术后1、3、5年生存率分别为89.6％、63.2％和40.6％，姑息性胃切除组分别为68.6％、15．7％和0，未切除组平均生存10个月。各组术后生存率比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论 老年人胃癌术后并发症较多，围手术期处理至关重要。术中应尽量采用硬膜外麻醉，缩短手术时间。手术方式应视患者全身情况、癌肿所在部位、大小及侵犯范围而定，对早中期患者力争行根治性胃切除术(D1或D2)。     

适形放疗联合化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的观察适形放疗联合化疗同步与序贯治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法选择不能手术的中晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者100例,随机分成同步组和序贯组各50例。适形放疗采用三维适形放疗（3D—CRT）和调强放疗（IM—RT）方法,化疗方案为盖诺＋顺铂（NP方案）。结果治疗总有效率比较（CR＋PR）：同步组78％,序贯组46％,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;生存率（Kaplan—Meier法）比较：同步组1年生存率为71．2％,序贯组为50．3％,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;两组病人均能耐受治疗中的不良反应。结论同步组的近期疗效明显优于序贯组,能提高患者的一年生存率。该方法是治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌较好的方案。     

生存素基因在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌预后关系

目的探讨生存素(survivin)基因在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌预后关系。方法病例来源于1995年7月至1996年6月中山医院住院手术患者，采用免疫组化Envision二步法检测手术切除的胃癌病灶组织中生存素基因表达。根据手术病理诊断与临床表现确定肿瘤TNM分期。所有病例随访至少5年或直到死亡。比较不同病理类型、不同TNM分期生存素表达差异。按生存素基因是否表达比较两组患者生存曲线的差异。结果共有96例患者进入研究和随访观察，其中男59例，女37例；年龄29～84岁，平均56岁，68例表达生存素基因产物，阳性率70．8％。病理类型中腺癌78例，非腺癌18例，不同病理类型生存素基因表达相似(腺癌69．7％、非腺癌60．0％，P=0．369)。对腺癌病例分析显示：低分化组生存素基因表达高于中高分化组(82．1％比62．5％，P=0．053)；肿瘤累及固有肌层组和全层组生存素基因表达高于肿瘤局限于黏膜或黏膜下层组(81．3％，75．9％比33．3％，P=0．020)。生存素表达与淋巴结转移与否无关(68．1％比70．8％，P=0．771)。生存素阳性组5年生存率(42．93％)低于生存素阴性组(52．93％)，但差异无统计学意义。结论生存素基因在胃癌中高表达。生存素基因表达与胃腺癌分化程度以及肿瘤累及深度有关，需进行更多研究评价其在预后中的作用。     

早期他汀序贯治疗在行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗冠心病患者中的临床应用

目的评价冠心病行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）患者中早期应用阿托伐他汀序贯治疗方法的安全性和有效性。方法170例冠心病患者随机分为序贯治疗组和常规治疗组,每组85例。比较两组基线资料,随访观察治疗前后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月的总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、肝功能、肾功能、肌酸激酶（CK）、超敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）等生化指标的变化以及不良事件和不良反应的发生情况。结果两组治疗后LDL-C和TC的水平较治疗前均有显著下降（P〈0．05）。两组1周时LDL-C和TC的下降幅度差异有统计学意义（LDL-C：31．2％vs12．5％;TC：29．2％vs13．1％;P〈0．05）,1个月时在原有基础上进一步降低,两组差异有统计学意义（LDL-C：43．0％vs17．6％;TC：41．3％vs22．3％：P〈0．05）。3个月和6个月时,两组间LDL-C和TC变化无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。序贯治疗组1周、1个月、3个月时LDL-C的达标率明显高于常规治疗组（1周：48．2％ vs 25．9％;1个月：77．6％vs60．0％;3个月：81．2％vs68．2％;P〈0．05）。与治疗前相比,两组均可显著降低hs-CRP的水平,序贯治疗组1周和1个月时hs-CRP降低幅度明显大于常规治疗组f序贯治疗组治疗前（8．17±5．69）mg／L,1周时（4．23±2．43）mg／L,1个月时（1．96±0．77）mg／L;常规治疗组治疗前（7．75±4．31）mg／L,1周时（4．87±2．70）mg／L,1个月时（3．21±1．27）mg／L;P＜0．05]。序贯治疗组6个月内主要心血管事件发生率明显低于常规治疗组（5．9％vs15．3％,P〈0．05）,序贯治疗组比常规治疗组风险进一步降低了9．4％。序贯治疗组不良反应轻微,两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论他汀序贯治疗的疗效和安全性良好,可以明显改善冠心病PCI术患者的临床预后。     

新型胃癌筛查评分系统对本地区早期胃癌患者的筛查价值

背景:早期胃癌的预后明显优于晚期胃癌,但由于缺乏完善的普查手段,导致早期胃癌检出率较低。血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、PGⅡ、胃泌素-17(G-17)可用于早期胃癌的筛查。目的:探讨新型胃癌筛查评分系统对本地区早期胃癌患者的筛查价值。方法:纳入2017年4月—2018年12月收治的393例患者,依据病理结果分为对照组、胃溃疡组、异型增生组和早期胃癌组,检测PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17浓度、Hp抗体,并计算PGR。采用ROC曲线分析各指标筛查早期胃癌的价值。比较新型胃癌筛查评分系统、血清ABC法、新ABC法对早期胃癌的检出率。结果:与对照组相比,胃溃疡组PGⅠ、PGⅡ升高,PGR降低(P 0. 05);异型增生组和早期胃癌组PGⅡ、G-17升高,PGⅠ、PGR降低(P 0. 05)。与胃溃疡组相比,异型增生组PGⅠ、PGⅡ和PGR均降低(P 0. 05),早期胃癌组PGⅠ、PGR降低,G-17升高(P 0. 05)。PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17、PGR筛查早期胃癌的AUC分别为0. 858、0. 744、0. 791、0. 937。PGⅠ、G-17、PGR的临界值分别为≤68. 46μg/L、 12. 80 pmol/L和≤6. 90,三者联合的敏感性为90. 6%,特异性为91. 1%,AUC为0. 965。新型胃癌筛查评分系统对早期胃癌高风险人群的检出率显著高于血清ABC法(P 0. 05),而与新ABC法无明显差异(P 0. 05)。结论:血清PGⅠ、PGR明显降低且G-17升高提示可能发生早期胃癌。新型胃癌筛查评分系统对早期胃癌的筛查效率较高。     

幽门螺杆菌感染与胃癌的相关性研究

目的：为了研究幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染与胃癌及肠化类型的关系。方法：对胃癌高发区1333例普查人群的胃活检组织和30例胃癌手术标本病理切片做Warthin－starry染色，对慢性萎缩胃炎伴肠化生、慢性浅表胃炎伴肠化生、癌旁肠化生用粘液组化方法染色分型。结果：Hp感染与十二指肠球部溃疡高度相关，与胃溃疡、慢性浅表活动性胃炎、早期胃癌显著相关，与单纯萎缩性胃炎、萎缩胃炎伴肠化生、胃增生性息肉亦相关（P均＜0．05）；进展期胃癌的Hp感染率与慢性非活动性胃炎相比较，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；各型胃癌中以腺癌Hp检出率高（75．4％），与粘液细胞癌Hp检出率（30％）相比较，差异有非常显著性（P＜0．01）。各型肠化生之间的Hp检出率比较，差异无显著性（P均＞0．05）。结论：Hp感染与胃癌有相关性。     

胃癌组织P~(53)蛋白免疫组化研究及临床病理学特征和预后的关系

利用免疫组化LSAB法，检测36例胃癌患者胃癌组织石蜡切片标本。结果发现P53蛋白在胃癌组织中阳性率为44．4％。晚期胃癌P53蛋白阳性率显著高于早期胃癌（P＜0．05）；P53蛋白阴性者生存时间长于P53蛋白阳性者（P＜0．01）。提示P53蛋白表达与胃癌患者预后有关。     

自然人群序贯粪隐血试验连续性结直肠癌普查的队列研究：19年结果分析

筛查是早期发现结直肠癌（CRC）的重要手段。目的：评价自然人群序贯粪隐血试验（SFOBT）连续性CRC普查在提高早期CRC检出率、患者长期生存率和降低CRC发生率方面的作用。方法：于1987～2005年，应用SFOBT对一组基本固定的中老年人群（初次普查人群3002例）行连续性CRC普查。每1～2年接受一次普查者计入普查组，连续3年或3年以上未接受普查者计入未普查组。FOBT阳性者行结肠镜检查。于北京军区总医院行手术治疗的1033例CRC患者作为对照组。结果：19年中普查人群共发生CRC52例，总CRC发生率为90．4／10万人·年。普查组共检出CRC25例，漏诊7例，CRC检出率为57．6／10万人·年，发生率为73．8／10万人·年；未普查组发生CRC20例，发生率为141．4／10万人·年。普查组DukesA／B期患者比例（95．5％对31．2％和43．9％，P〈0．05）和5年生存率（77．8％对33．3％和39．8％，P〈0．05）显著高于未普查组和对照组。SFOBT筛查CRC的19年总敏感性为90．6％，特异性为98．0％，阳性预测值为3．2％，阴性预测值为99．99％。结论：SFOBT应用于自然人群连续性普查可提高早期CRC检出率和患者5年生存率。切除普查中发现的腺瘤可明显降低CRC发生率。该筛查方案具有较高的敏感性和特异性，但仍需高度关注其结肠镜检查的依从性.     

胃癌组织内微血管定量的意义

目的：研究胃癌组织中微血管数量（MVC）与临床病理因素及预后的关系。方法：材料取自瑞金医院1988年～1991年胃癌手术切除标本，共128例。抗因子Ⅷ相关抗原（F-ⅧRAg）的单克隆抗体和免疫组化试剂盒购自Dako公司。研究方法按LSAB法免疫组织化学操作技术常规进行；微血管定量以镜下200倍，肿瘤内5个最高微血管密度区的MVC均数表示；分析MVC与临床病理因素之间关系，并对有完整5年随访资料的86例胃癌患者预后与MVC关系进行探讨。结果：所有胃癌组织中的平均MVC为16.5±8．5，MVC随TNM分期增加而增加，有淋巴结转移患者的MVC（18．3±8.7）明显高于无淋巴结转移患者（13．8±7．4）（P＜0．01），高MVC（≥16）胃癌患者比低MVC（＜16）患者预后明显为差，5年生存率分别为42.5％和58．7％（P＜0．05）。结论：MVC在胃癌患者是一个有意义的预后指标．     

Gastric remnant cancer compared with primary proximal gastric cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, detections of early-stage gastric remnant cancer and small proximal gastric cancer are increasing. The aim of this study was to compare pathologic and prognostic data of gastric remnant cancer with those of primary proximal gastric cancer including upper gastric cancer based on a recent 15-year experience at a single institute in Japan. METHODOLOGY: Among 698 patients who underwent gastrectomy for cancer between 1984 and 1998, 15 (2.1%) were patients with gastric remnant cancer. During the same period, 139 patients underwent primary gastrectomy for proximal gastric cancer which included 71 with upper gastric cancer confined to the upper one-third of the stomach. Clinicopathologic findings of gastric remnant cancer were compared with those of proximal gastric cancer. RESULTS: Of 15 gastric remnant cancers, 8 (53%) were stage I tumors. Although gastric remnant cancer and proximal gastric cancer was not different in several clinicopathologic factors, gastric remnant cancer and upper gastric cancer confined to the upper one-third of the stomach was different with regard to the frequency of tumor size > or = 4 cm (60% vs. 32%, p < 0.05), poorly differentiated type (67% vs. 38%, p < 0.05), serosal invasion (40% vs. 11%, p < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (47% vs. 20%, p < 0.05), stage III or IV disease (47% vs. 10%, p < 0.01), and noncurative gastrectomy (20% vs. 1%, p < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate of gastric remnant cancer (69%) was higher than that of proximal gastric cancer (57%) and lower than that of upper gastric cancer (81%), although the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In our recent series, a half of gastric remnant cancers are stage I tumors. Although gastric remnant cancers are similar to proximal gastric cancers, they are more advanced and their surgical results are less satisfactory when compared with upper gastric cancers confined to the upper one-third of the stomach.     

FGFR4蛋白表达与胃癌临床病理特征和预后的关系

背景:许多肿瘤组织中成纤维细胞生长因子受体4(FGFR4)蛋白高表达,且与患者的预后相关,然而关于FGFR4在胃癌中的表达及其作用的研究相对较少。目的:研究FGFR4在胃癌中的表达及其与胃癌临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法:应用免疫组化法检测182例胃癌组织中FGFR4蛋白表达情况,并分析其与不同胃癌临床病理特征的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析FGFR4蛋白表达与预后的关系。结果:在182例胃癌组织标本中,81例(44.5%)FGFR4蛋白表达阳性,FGFR4蛋白表达与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、分化程度、TNM分期、神经侵犯、血管侵犯均无关。FGFR4阳性与阴性者的总体5年生存率无明显差异,但在高分化、T1+T2期或伴有远处转移的胃癌中,FGFR4阳性者的预后明显差于FGFR4阴性者(5年生存率:47.0%对62.1%,P=0.036 8;5年生存率:54.5%对78.6%,P=0.041 3;中位生存期:5个月对15个月,P=0.040 5)。结论:FGFR4阳性表达尚不能作为独立指标判断胃癌预后,但在高分化胃癌、T1+T2期胃癌或伴有远处转移的胃癌中,FGFR4阳性表达可能是影响预后的危险因素。     

Surgical outcome of 483 patients with early gastric cancer: prognosis, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and gastric remnant cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the characteristics, treatment, postoperative morbidity, mortality, and prognosis of early gastric cancer patients as well as the incidence of gastric remnant cancer after curative surgery based on an analysis of the surgical results of Nippon Medical School Hospital over the past 10 years (1991-2000). METHODOLOGY: Out of 1057 patients with gastric cancer (all stages), 483 patients (301 males and 182 females; mean age 60.9 years) underwent surgery for early gastric cancer. Early gastric cancer, defined as that invading the m or sm layer regardless of lymph node metastasis, was classified according to the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma. The survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The stages of the 483 patients were as follows: stage Ia patients, 443 cases; stage Ib, 29 cases; stage II, 7 cases; and stage IV, 4 cases. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 95.9% and 95.9% for stage Ia, 82.9% and 80.2% for stage Ib, 73.2% and 68.6% for stage II and 0% for stage IV, respectively. No difference was observed in the 5- and 10-year survival rates between patients with D1 and D2 dissections in cases without lymph node metastasis. In patients with n1 positive sm cancer, however, the 5-year survival rate of the patients who underwent D2 dissection was 91.0% while that of those who underwent D1 dissection was 80.0% (P<0.05). The incidences of postoperative morbidity from various cancers included 4.2% from surgical site infections, 1.6% from anastomotic dehiscence, 1.6% from intestinal obstructions, and 3.9% from respiratory and/or heart dysfunction. Three patients (0.6%) died of multiple organ failure. Five patients who had undergone gastrectomy for early gastric cancer were diagnosed as having early cancer in the gastric remnant during a periodic follow-up endoscopy and underwent regastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of early gastric cancer is usually excellent, and the morbidity and mortality rates are satisfactory. D2 lymph node dissection is necessary in patients with n1 positive sm cancer. Periodic follow-up endoscopies in gastrectomized patients may be useful for the early detection of gastric remnant cancer.     

Gastric cancer detected by mass survey. Comparison between mass survey and outpatient detection

Although the incidence of stomach cancer in Japan has decreased only slightly, the mortality has decreased markedly. The main reason for this success is the early diagnosis of cancer, to which mass survey has contributed. From 1964 to 1985, 290,914 screening examinations were done at the Mass Survey Center of the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. In 474 people (0.16%) cancer was detected, and of those, 52% were in an early stage of disease. For the mass survey group, the 5-year survival rate was 80%, and the 10-year survival rate 78.5%. The outpatient group rates were 56.2% and 55.1% for 5 and 10 years, respectively. This difference could be explained by the higher percentage of early gastric cancer and less extensive lymph node metastasis in patients with serosal involvement, in the outpatient group. The 10-year survival results show that early treatment results in an absolute better long-term survival. This refutes the hypothesis that 5-year survival rates of early gastric cancer patients are biased because of lead time of early diagnosis. Mass survey, even for a small district, provides an excellent opportunity to detect gastric cancer in people without symptoms. The high percentage of cases detected with cancer in an early stage reduces stomach cancer mortality.     

沙利度胺对胃癌外周血微转移的影响

背景：沙利度胺具有明显抗血管生成作用。前期研究发现较高的胃癌组织和血浆血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平能促使胃癌外周血微转移发生以及在远处形成转移灶。目的：探讨沙利度胺对胃癌外周血微转移发生和转归的影响及其可能机制。方法：40例经病理检查确诊的初治胃癌患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组20例。术前一周准备时间内,试验组口服沙利度胺50mg tid,对照组不予任何干预。分别于试验前后抽取外周血,密度梯度离心分离单个核细胞,以免疫磁珠分选技术（抗CD45抗体阴性分选和Ber-EP4阳性分选）结合形态学观察检测外周血微转移,ELISA方法检测血浆VEGF水平。结果：试验组与对照组问胃癌病理学特征以及试验前外周血微转移率和血浆VEGF水平无明显差异。试验后,对照组外周血微转移率和血浆VEGF水平较试验前显著增高[90．0％对50．0％,P〈0．05;（14．89±3．36）pg/mL对（8．28±1．63）pg/mL,P〈0．05],试验组则较试验前显著降低[10．0％对45．0％,P〈0．05;（4．13±1．08）pg／mL对（8．11±1．69）pg/mL,P〈0．05],且显著低于对照组试验后（P〈0．05）。外周血微转移率与血浆VEGF水平呈正相关（r=0．602,P〈0．05）。结论：沙利度胺可能通过降低血浆VEGF水平延缓甚至逆转胃癌外周血微转移的发生。     

Post-operative chemotherapy in non-curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The definitive effects of post-operative chemotherapy for prolonging survival in patients with non-curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer have not been established. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-three patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent non-curative gastrectomy were divided into 49 patients with post-operative chemotherapy (chemotherapy group) and 34 patients without post-operative chemotherapy (control group). Chemotherapy regimens were as follows: oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) alone (n = 22), intravenous mitomycin (MMC) plus 5-FU (n = 20), intravenous methotrexate (MTX) plus 5-FU (n = 3), intravenous cisplatin plus 5-FU (n = 2), and hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU plus oral 5-FU (n = 2). No prior chemotherapy or radiation therapy was given. RESULTS: Although the age in the control group (mean: 71.9 years) was significantly older than in the chemotherapy group (mean: 66.1 years), there were no significant differences in the other clinical and pathological background data between the two groups. The 1-year survival rate in the chemotherapy group (71.4%) was significantly higher than in the control group (50.0%). However, the 3-year and 5-year survival rates did not significantly differ in the chemotherapy group versus the control group, 30.6% vs. 32.4% and 24.5% vs. 32.4%, respectively. Although a significant difference did not exist between the two groups, median survival after operation in the chemotherapy group (20.5 months) was longer than that in the control group (16.2 months). Furthermore, median survival of patients with peritoneal dissemination in the chemotherapy group (16.4 months) was significantly longer than that in the control group (7.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative chemotherapy may contribute to prolonged survival in patients with non-curable advanced gastric cancer, even when patients had peritoneal dissemination. However, the long-term survival rate was not improved by post-operative chemotherapy. More aggressive chemotherapy may be needed to improve the long-term prognosis for such patients.     

Treatment of early gastric cancer in the elderly patient: results of EMR and gastrectomy at a national referral center in Japan

BACKGROUND: The Japanese population is rapidly aging, and the actual number of elderly patients with gastric cancer, including early cancer, has been increasing, even though the standardized incidence of gastric cancer in the population is decreasing. The optimal treatment for these patients remains a challenge to the surgeon. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to describe the results of gastrectomy and EMR for early gastric cancer in elderly patients (80 years of age and over). METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 93 elderly patients who had undergone gastrectomy or EMR at the National Cancer Center Hospital for early gastric cancer. EMR was performed aiming en bloc local resection with a clear curative margin (R0). The clinicopathologic characteristics, comorbidity, postoperative mortality, and outcome were recorded. RESULTS: Gastrectomy was performed in 44 patients (surgery group) and EMR in 49 patients (EMR group). There were significant differences in mean tumor size (p < 0.05), histologic type (p < 0.05), and depth of tumor invasion (p < 0.05) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in comorbidity between the two groups. No operative death was reported in either group. In the EMR group, 7 patients were reported to have recurrence of local disease and two patients died of advanced disease. There were no significant differences in the overall 3-year survival rate or the 5-year survival rate between the surgery group and EMR group (73.5% vs. 82.5% and 55.0% vs. 62.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EMR (R0) resection was performed safely in the elderly, and the overall results were excellent, the same as the results with gastrectomy. Gastrectomy can still be performed if EMR is unsuccessful.     

进展期胃癌术前冲击化疗联合术中腹腔内温热化疗疗效观察

目的观察术前短程冲击化疗联合术中即时腹腔内温热灌注化疗治疗进展期胃癌的临床疗效。方法136例进展期胃癌随机分术前短程冲击化疗联合术中腹腔内温热灌注化疗组（治疗1组）、术前短程冲击化疗组（治疗2组）和单纯手术组（对照组），比较三组患者的手术并发症发生率和术后长期生存率。结果治疗1组的3a生存率为88．1％，明显高于治疗2组（68．1％）和对照组（42．6％）（P〈0．05），治疗1组2a内无复发，治疗2组、对照组复发率为17．0％、38．3％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论进展期胃癌术前短程冲击化疗联合术中即时腹腔内温热灌注化疗能提高患者生存率，延缓肿瘤复发。     

HER-2/neu Amplification Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Gastric Cancer

The HER-2/neu protein is intimately involved with normal cell proliferation and tissue growth and is extensively homologous and related to the epidermal growth factor receptor. HER-2/neu protein expression has been most intensively studied in the context of breast carcinoma, in which its amplification and overexpression correlate with the overall course of disease, and with a poor prognosis, and constitute a predictive factor of poor response to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the expression of HER-2/neu and the clinicopathological characteristics of tumors, including survival. This study was performed with a view toward the future introduction of Herceptin therapy for gastric cancer patients. HER-2/neu overexpression and gene amplification was examined with semiquantitative standardized immunohistochemical staining, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 182 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative surgery at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Twenty-nine (15.9%) of 182 patients expressed the HER-2/neu protein by immunohistochemistry. HER-2/neu gene amplification was detected in seven patients by CISH and FISH. Intestinal-type cancers exhibited higher rates of HER-2/neu amplification than did diffuse-type cancers (P < 0.05). Tumors with HER-2/neu amplification were associated with poor mean survival rates (922 vs 3243 days) and 5-year survival rates (21.4% vs 63.0%; P < 0.05). Age, TNM stage, and amplification of HER-2/neu were found to be independently related to survival by multivariate analysis. HER-2/neu amplification may constitute an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients, and patients exhibiting HER-2/neu amplification might constitute potential candidates for new adjuvant therapies which involve the use of humanized monoclonal antibodies.     

Gastric cancer patients treated by a general or gastric cancer surgical team: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Although gastric cancer has been decreasing in incidence in many countries, it is still the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Its prognosis is poor and depends, among other factors, on early diagnosis as well as on surgeon expertise. AIM: To compare the outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated at a university hospital by a general surgical team and later on by a gastric cancer surgical team. METHODS: Gastric cancer patients were separated into two groups according to whether they were treated by a general surgical team (group 1, n = 136; 1984 to 1993) or by gastric cancer team (group 2, n = 149; 1994 to 2003). Clinical and pathologic features and survival rates were assessed. RESULTS: During a 20-year period, a decreased number of patients underwent surgical resection in the second period (94% vs 86%), a greater number of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed resulting in an increased number of tumors diagnosed as stage I (5% vs 22%). Also, D2 gastrectomies were more frequently performed instead of D0 gastrectomies and negative surgical margins were adequate. Mortality decreased from 9% to 6% in group 1 and 2, respectively and adjuvant therapy has been considered. CONCLUSION: Surgical specialized units for gastric cancer are necessary if better results are to be expected since this approach definitely provides better patient care.