胃肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤的分布与CT诊断

目的探讨胃肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现及分型。方法搜集经内镜活检和手术病理证实的胃肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤23例,其中来源于胃11例,小肠6例,小肠及盲肠、结肠同时受累3例,结肠3例。所有病例均行CT平扫,部分行强化CT扫描、胃肠钡餐造影及内镜检查。结果 11例胃非霍奇金淋巴瘤中原发性9例,继发性2例。胃非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现分两类:1弥漫性胃壁增厚型7例;2局限性胃腔内肿块型4例。肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤共12例,原发性10例,继发性2例。肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现分3类:1弥漫性肠壁增厚型8例;2肿块型3例;3肠系膜受累伴腔外肿块型1例。结论 CT检查胃肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤可提供病变部位、范围和类型,有无周围侵犯及淋巴结转移等信息,并可对病变进行准确分期,在指导临床治疗和预后判断中有不可替代的作用。     

乳腺原发性非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤诊断（附3例报告）

乳腺原发性非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤罕见，现将3例经手术病理证实的乳腺原发性非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤回顾性分析如下，以提高对本病的认识。 1 临床资料     

改良Hyper-CVAD方案治疗高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效观察

目的:观察改良Hyper-CVAD方案治疗高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效和毒性反应.方法:21例高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者接受改良Hyper-CVAD方案化疗,21 ～ 28天为1周期,连用2个周期以上评价疗效.结果:全组21例,总有效率为85.7％,其中CR13例(61.9％),PR5例(23.8％).1、2年总生存率分别为76.2％、57.1％.不良反应主要为Ⅲ～Ⅳ度骨髓抑制和轻至中度胃肠道反应.结论:改良Hyper-CVAD方案治疗高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效较好,不良反应可以耐受,值得进一步探讨.     

儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT诊断价值

目的探讨儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT平扫及增强表现,提高对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析50例经手术或活检病理证实的儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤(原发性1例,继发性49例)CT表现。结果 50例儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤影像学表现多样,根据CT表现可分为5型:多发结节型、单发结节型、弥漫浸润型、邻近后腹膜淋巴瘤侵犯型及肾周肿块型。本组36例多发结节型,其中双侧多发34例,单侧多发2例;8例单发结节型,其中右侧单发6例,左侧单发2例;3例弥漫浸润型;2例邻近后腹膜淋巴瘤侵犯型;1例肾周肿块型。结论儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现形式多样,但具有一定特征,对于准确诊断儿童肾脏非霍奇金淋巴瘤,指导临床分期、制定治疗方案及观察疗效具有重要意义。     

胃肠道非霍奇金淋巴瘤多层螺旋CT诊断与临床分期的对比研究

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT对胃肠道非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤分期的价值。方法：对35例经手术或活检病理证实为胃肠道非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤多层螺旋CT资料进行分析,对其行螺旋CT分期并与术后临床病理分期进行比较。结果：本组病例对胃肠道非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤分期的符合率为83.0%（29/35）,其中Ⅰ期符合率为100.0%（8/8）,Ⅱ期符合率为70.1%（12/17）,Ⅲ期符合率为80.0%（4/5）,Ⅳ期符合率为100.0%（5/5）。结论：多层螺旋CT可全面评价胃肠道非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤的部位、侵犯程度、区域淋巴结及远处转移情况,对胃肠道非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤术前分期具有重要价值。     

未经处理的头颈部结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤病人的预后CT及MRI影像特征

<正>摘要目的确定头颈部结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤的预后CT和MRI影像特征。方法回顾性分析59例经病理证实为头颈部结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤病人的临床数据及CT和MR影像表     

原发性双侧卵巢非霍奇金恶性淋巴瘤2例

卵巢原发性淋巴瘤是一种极为少见的结外淋巴瘤,占女性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的0.1%～0.2%[1～3].因其发病率低且早期无特异性表现,临床极易误诊.     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的影像诊断

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤（primary central nervous system lymphorna,PCNSL）是一种局限于巾枢神经系统内的结节型淋巴瘤。发生于中枢神经系统的淋巴瘤中93％为原发性。淋巴瘤可分为霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤两型,以原发性结节为主要表现者占5％。在原发性淋巴瘤中,98％为B细胞淋巴瘤,其余少见的为T细胞淋巴瘤、Burkitt淋巴瘤和间变性大细胞淋巴瘤。     

原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现

目的 提高对原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现的认识.方法 回顾性分析经病理及临床随访证实的19例原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现.结果 CT表现为结节影7例,肿块影8例,大多边界模糊,强化明显,病变内常可见支气管充气征;斑片影9例,常为双肺多发,呈散在分布;实变影7例,多为大叶性实变,强化明显,病变内常可见支气管充气征;间质性改变1例,表现为双肺弥漫性磨玻璃影、网格影;混合影10例,为多种影像表现并存;胸腔积液4例,较为少见.结论 原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤CT表现形式多样,具有一定特征性,CT检查结合临床表现有助于该疾病的诊断.     

肾上腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现

目的:分析肾上腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现,以提高对该病变的认识.方法:回顾性分析6例经手术病理或临床穿刺活检证实的肾上腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤病例,男性5例,女性l例.年龄53～66岁(61.2±4.2岁).6例均行CT检查,观察6个病例的CT表现并与临床和病理结果进行对照.结果:6例非霍奇金淋巴瘤共9个病灶,其中3例单侧,3例双侧.肿瘤最大径6～13cm (8.4± 1.7cm).病灶呈椭圆形7个,不规则形2个.与正常肌肉相比,CT平扫呈稍低密度8个,等密度1个.5例伴有同侧肾脏的直接侵犯,表现为肿瘤包绕肾上极、肾门或相邻的血管,合并后腹膜淋巴结肿大4例,脾脏浸润l例.4例行增强扫描,5个病灶轻度强化,肿瘤内部强化较均匀的3个,不均匀者2个.结论:肾上腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现多为肾上腺区较均匀密实的密度较肌肉稍低软组织肿块,增强扫描常轻度强化.肾上腺淋巴瘤易侵犯同侧肾脏及邻近血管.如果合并后腹膜淋巴结肿大以及脾脏浸润者,对肾上腺淋巴瘤诊断具有重要价值.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.