胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT诊断价值

目的:探讨CT对胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的诊断价值.方法:回顾分析经手术、病理证实的6例胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现和诊断.结果:6例肿瘤位于胰头2例,胰体尾部4例.6例瘤体均为囊、实混合性,增强后实质部分均有强化,囊性部分无强化.结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤CT表现有一定特征,CT检查对其诊断与鉴别诊断具有重要价值.     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT影像分析

目的:分析胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现,探讨CT对胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析手术病理证实的5例胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT特征,包括肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、密度及强化特征.结果:5例肿瘤位于胰头1例,胰体尾部4例.5例瘤体均为囊、实混合性,其中3例肿瘤有钙化,增强后实性部分均有强化,囊性部分无强化.肿瘤均有完整包膜,不伴有胆总管和胰管扩张.结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现有一定特征,对确定手术方案有重要价值.     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨CT对胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的7例胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现,包括肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、密度及强化特征。结果:7例肿瘤位于胰头2例,胰体尾部4例,异位胰腺1例。7例瘤体均为囊、实混合性,1例肿瘤内有出血灶,3例肿瘤有钙化,增强后实质部分均有强化,囊性部分无强化。结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤有相对特征性CT表现,CT对确定手术方案有重要价值。     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的螺旋CT诊断与鉴别诊断

目的 分析胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现,提高诊断能力.方法 回顾性分析7例经病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的术前CT图像,分析肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、密度及增强方式.7例患者均为年轻女性.结果 3例肿瘤位于胰头部,4例位于胰体尾部.所有肿瘤境界清楚.肿瘤直径为3～10 cm.囊性结构为主4例,囊实结构比例近似1例,实性结构为主2例.4例病灶出现钙化.增强扫描.实性部分强化,静脉期较动脉期明显.结论 胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现有一定的特征性,CT扫描有助于该肿瘤的诊断.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的MSCT影像分析

目的探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤(SPTP)的多层螺旋CT影像特点,提高对该病的诊断准确性。方法回顾性分析9例经手术及病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的临床资料及MSCT平扫及三期增强扫描的影像特点。结果 9例均为中、青年女性,平均年龄26.6岁。2例位于胰头,1例位于胰体部,6例位于胰尾部。肿瘤体积较大,平均直径约8.4cm,边界清楚。CT表现为单发、外突性生长的囊实性肿块,其中5例以囊性成分为多,5例伴有钙化。增强扫描动脉期实性成分呈轻至中度强化,门脉期及延迟期强化进一步增强,呈渐进性、填充式强化,但其强化程度始终低于正常胰腺实质。囊性部分无强化。9例均不伴有胆管及胰管扩张。结论胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的MSCT表现具有一定的特征性,综合分析其影像表现对该病的正确诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT诊断

目的分析胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT诊断价值,以提高对该病的认识及诊断水平。方法回顾性分析6例经手术及病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的临床资料及CT表现。结果胰腺实性假乳头状瘤好发于13～45岁年轻女性。6例肿瘤,位于胰头2例,胰尾4例,肿瘤体积较大,6例瘤体均为囊、实混合性,实性为主4例,囊性为主2例,2例肿瘤见线条状及斑点状钙化,增强扫描实性成分呈中度强化,囊性成分无强化,瘤体包膜较完整,边缘清楚。不伴有胆总管及胰管扩张。结论胰腺实性假乳头状瘤具有特征性的CT表现及临床表现。     

MSCT在胰腺实性假乳头状瘤诊断中的价值

目的探讨MSCT在胰腺实性假乳头状瘤(solid-pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas,SPTP)诊断中的特点。方法分析经手术病理证实的13例SPTP影像资料,评价MSCT对SPTP检出的优越性。结果 13例患者均为单发肿瘤,3例位于胰头或胰颈部,8例位于胰腺体尾部,2例位于胰腺边缘;肿瘤多呈类圆形或椭圆形,部分边缘呈不规则型分叶状; 10例为囊实性结构,有1例主要是囊性结构,在周边见局部条状实性密度,以实性结构为主2例,伴有少量低密度区;所有肿瘤增强扫描各期强化CT值较正常胰腺实质低。实性部分呈渐进性强化,门脉期及延迟期较动脉期明显强化。结论 MSCT在SPTP中的影像学特点有一定的特异性,结合临床可较好地进行诊断及鉴别诊断。     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤CT表现

目的探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤CT表现。方法回顾分析经手术病理证实的15例胰腺实性假乳头状瘤,患者均为女性。年龄15～40岁。术前其中13例均经CT平扫及双期CT增强扫描。其中2例仅行CT平扫。结果 15例中肿瘤位于胰头者8例,肿瘤位于胰体尾者7例。肿瘤直径约4～15cm。CT平扫肿瘤成囊实性,其边界清晰。增强扫描动脉期实性成分成轻度强化,静脉期强化程度增加。结论 CT对胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的诊断具有一定的诊断价值。     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的多层螺旋CT诊断

目的:探讨胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤(SPTP)在多层螺旋CT上的影像特点.方法:回顾性分析40例经手术切除和病理学证实的胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的临床、多层螺旋CT影像学资料,结合CTA、多平面重建和二维曲面重建等影像技术观察其影像学表现,分析影像学表现与病理结果的相关性.结果:女性35例,男性5例.40例患者SPTP影像学表现中,22例位于胰头,5例位于胰颈体交界区,6例位于胰体,3例位于胰体尾部,3例位于胰尾部,1例胰头、胰体尾部均见;类圆形30例,圆形5例,分叶状4例,表现为胰头增大1例,边界清楚,包膜完整;肿块多数较大,最大横断面达15 cm×18 cm,最小1.0 cm×1.1 cm;肿块完全实性7例,囊实性成分33例,其中囊性为主8例,实性为主17例,囊实性相仿8例.实性部分CT平扫呈稍低或等密度,增强扫描动脉期实性部分可见中等强化,至门静脉期肿瘤实性部分渐进性强化略高于动脉期,但强化程度均略低于正常胰腺组织,囊性部分平扫及增强均呈低密度.CT表现1例患者见恶性倾向,9例推压、包绕肠系膜血管,8例脾血管受压,3例累及肝总动脉及分支,2例累及十二指肠,11例伴有胰管扩张,其中1例伴有明显胆总管及肝内胆管扩张,13例伴有钙化.病理示良性37例,潜在恶性或低度恶性3例.结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤具有特征性的影像学表现,螺旋CT能协助诊断,运用CTA、多平面重建和二维曲面重建等影像技术有助于术前评估肿瘤的良恶性.     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT诊断和鉴别诊断

目的 描述胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现，探讨CT对该肿瘤的诊断价值。方法 回顾分析经手术、病理证实的11例胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT表现和诊断。结果 (1)肿瘤内有实性和囊性结构，CT平扫实性结构呈低或等密度，造影后动脉期呈轻度强化，门静脉期呈明显强化，囊性部分在增强前后扫描均呈低密度。(2)囊实性结构比例相仿的肿瘤7例，囊性结构为主者3例，其CT表现分别为囊实部分相间分布或实质部分呈附壁结节。(3)实性结构为主的肿瘤1例，其CT表现为囊性部分位于包膜下。(4)肿瘤绝大多数来源于胰腺，呈圆形、椭圆形，多有完整包膜，增强后强化明显，与胰腺分界清晰。(5)不伴有胆总管和胰管扩张。(6)8例术前诊断为良性、3例诊断为低度恶性肿瘤。结论胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤CT表现有一定特征，且CT诊断有其重要价值，需与黏液性或浆液性囊腺瘤、囊腺癌、胰腺癌囊变、胰性假性囊肿等进行鉴别。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.