复杂胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗

复杂胫骨平台骨折为关节内骨折较严重的一种，均为高能量暴力所致，有重度关节面塌陷和正常轴向对线的丧失，治疗相当困难。如处理不当将严重影响膝关节功能。本院自１９９７年以来，共收治胫骨平台骨折１２８例，其中Schat－zkerⅣ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ型３１例，均行手术治疗。现将结果报告如下。临床资料１．一般资料：本组３１例，男２５例，女６例。年龄１７～６５岁，平均３４．８岁。其中开放性骨折５例。受伤原因：车祸２３例，高处坠落８例。合并半月板损伤１４例，合并侧副韧带损伤９例。四肢其它部位骨折８例，脑挫裂损伤２例。按Schatzker…     

胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗

目的 总结胫骨平台骨折的临床特征、检查方法和手术方式。方法 回顾分析196例胫骨平台骨折的诊断与治疗过程及预后。结果 162例获得随访。按Rasmussen评分标准评定：优86例，良55例，可16例，差5例，优良率87％。结论 根据具体情况适时早期手术；重视膝关节稳定结构，损伤争取一期修复；胫骨平台高度与宽度的准确恢复是手术成功的关键；内固定以支撑钢板最为可靠；功能锻炼应根据损伤及手术情况适时早期进行。     

胫骨平台后侧骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨后内侧或后外侧入路治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折的临床疗效。方法随访分析2009年12月至2010年9月治疗的8例胫骨平台后侧骨折,按胫骨平台骨折的三柱分型,后侧柱3例,后侧柱及内侧柱1例,后侧柱及外侧柱2例,三柱2例。其中涉及后内侧4例,后外侧4例。采用后内侧入路4例,后外侧入路4例,＂T＂型钢板支撑固定。结果本组病例均获随访,时间6～14个月,平均（10.3±2.9）个月,骨折愈合时间为8～16周,平均（11.8±2.3）周,Rasmussen放射评分16～18分,平均（17.5±0.9）分,膝关节屈曲110°～135°,平均（122.5±11.0）°,膝关节伸直-5°～5°,平均（-1.3±3.5）°,膝关节HSS评分86～100分,平均（93.3±4.1）分。结论采用后内侧或后外侧入路＂T＂型钢板支撑固定治疗胫骨平台后侧骨折可以获得良好的临床疗效。     

胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗策略

目的探讨胫骨平台骨折外科治疗的思路和手术方法的选择。方法自2000年6月～2003年9月共收治胫骨平台骨折207例(陈旧性损伤不统计在内),男129例,女78例,共212个胫骨平台骨折(5例为双侧骨折)。闭合性损伤165侧,开放性损伤47侧。按Schatzker分类并予以分别行非手术治疗19例、单髁空心螺钉固定24例、单侧植骨并高尔夫钢板螺钉固定116例、切开复位植骨双侧高尔夫钢板螺钉固定37例、经皮间接复位钢板内固定11例。结果根据Hohl膝关节功能平分法进行综合平分：优149例,良29例,可20例,差16例。结论根据胫骨平台骨折的特点而选择不同的手术方法,在首先保护骨折部血运的情况下,对胫骨平台进行解剖复位并予以适当的内固定,以及手术后积极的无负重下膝关节功能训练是获得良好手术效果的关键。     

胫骨平台骨折手术治疗186例

目的　总结胫骨平台骨折的临床特征和治疗方法。方法　手术治疗胫骨平台骨折 186例 (189处 ) ,根据骨折类型并结合主骨折块与塌陷部位选择切口显露及有限切开部位 ,术中单纯空心钉、松质骨螺钉或螺栓固定 5 1处 ,T型、L型或曲棍球棒形支撑钢板固定 89处 ,复合固定包括曲棍球棒形支撑钢板加T板、L板或松质骨拉力螺钉固定 4 9处 ;骨折压缩部位复位后的骨缺损应用髂骨或人工骨植骨 10 1处。结果　 178例获得随访 ,骨折均在 12周内愈合 ,采用Rasmussen评分标准评定临床疗效 ,结果优 96例 ,良 6 8例 ,可 11例 ,差 3例 ,优良率 92 %。结论　胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗需依据骨折类型 ,遵循分期治疗原则 ,满意的疗效取决于 :①关节面平整、下肢力线和关节韧带连续性的恢复 ;②骨折压缩部位复位后骨缺损必须植骨支撑 ;③能满足早期功能锻炼的有效内固定 ;④妥善处理软组织包括关节韧带、半月板损伤 ;⑤适时早期功能锻炼。     

复杂胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗

目的　探讨复杂胫骨平台骨折的治疗方法。方法　自 1993年 1月～ 1999年 6月收治复杂胫骨平台骨折 5 9例 ,均经切开复位、“AO”T型支撑钢板内固定。结果　随访 1年～ 5年 ,共 47例 ,优良率 89 36 %。结论　复杂胫骨平台骨折应当考虑手术治疗。MRI检查有助于全面评价骨折区域的整体情况 ;必须早期处理受损的软组织 ;在手术中 ,压缩的骨折块应整块上抬复位 ,而钢板与螺钉的置入方法相当重要 ,其它稳定结构应予修复并于术后早期作功能训练     

复杂胫骨平台骨折手术治疗体会

目的 :探讨复杂胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗。方法 :采用切开复位T型支撑钢板内固定 ,复杂胫骨平台骨折 2 5例 ,其中Ⅳ型 1 0例 ,Ⅴ型 3例 ,Ⅵ型 1 2例。结果 :随访 1～ 4年 ,优良率 88%。结论 :对于复杂胫骨平台骨折均应考虑手术治疗。术前要完善必要检查 ,包括MRI、CT等全面评价骨折情况及关节损伤情况 ;手术要选择适宜时机 ,术中尽可能解剖复位胫骨平台 ,同时修复其它稳定结构 ,并于手术后早期功能锻炼。     

胫骨平台高能骨折的手术治疗

目的: 探索胫骨平台高能骨折手术治疗的临床疗效。方法: 回顾分析本院从 1997年 1月 ~2004年 3月共收治胫骨平台高能骨折即SchatzkerⅣ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ型骨折的 56例, 高能创伤造成的高能骨折均行切开复位“AO”钢板内固定治疗, 高能量创伤不仅对软组织损伤严重而且对肌肉有持续影响。结果: 随访 10个月 ~5年, 平均 1年 8个月。采用Merchant标准综合评定, 优良率达 85 .3%。结论: 胫骨平台骨折分型是高能骨折治疗的基础, 牢固可靠的内固定和早期正确处理软组织损伤是手术治疗和功能恢复的关键。     

胫骨平台骨折的手术时机选择

目的选择合适时机治疗胫骨平台骨折。方法我院自2004年2月至2006年7月41例闭合性胫骨平台骨折患者,根据不同情况,于伤后不同时间,均采用切开复位内固定治疗。结果仅2例患者发生浅表感染,无深部感染。结论手术内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折疗效满意,而选择合适的时机是保证手术成功的必要条件。     

胫骨平台骨折的治疗

本文综述了胫骨平台骨折的Schatzker分类、现代治疗概念及治疗方法     

胫骨平台骨折手术治疗新趋势

胫骨平台骨折涉及关节面,手术治疗难度很大。复杂胫骨平台骨折的手术入路或内固定选择错误往往造成严重并发症,手术疗效不尽满意。随着关节内骨折内固定理念的不断更新,锁定接骨板和微创内固定技术的迅速发展,胫骨平台骨折治疗方法较以往有了较大改变。该文就近期文献中胫骨平台骨折的手术入路、手术技巧、内固定技术等新趋势,以及临床疗效和并发症作一综述。     

Complications and unplanned outcomes following operative treatment of tibial plateau fractures

IntroductionThe operative management of tibial plateau fractures is challenging and post-operative complications do occur. The purpose of this study was three-fold. 1). To report complications and unplanned outcomes in patients who had sustained tibial plateau fractures and were operatively managed 2). To report predictors of these post-operative events 3). To report if differences in clinical outcomes exist in patients who sustained a post-operative event.MethodsOver 11 years, all tibial plateau fractures were prospectively followed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the validated Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA) score. Demographics, initial injury characteristics, surgical details and post-operative events were prospectively recorded. Student’s t-tests were used for continuous variables and chi-squared analysis was used for categorical variables. Binary logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were conducted for independent predictors of post-operative events and complications and functional outcomes, respectively.Results275 patients with 279 tibial plateau fractures were included in our analysis. Ten patients (3.6%) sustained a deep infection. Six patients (2.2%) developed a superficial infection. One patient (0.4%) presented with early implant failure. Two patients (0.7%) developed a fracture nonunion. Eight patients (2.9%) developed a venous thromboembolism. Seventeen patients (6.2%) went on to re-operation for symptomatic implant removal. Nine patients (3.3%) underwent a lysis of adhesions procedure. Univariate analysis demonstrated bicondylar tibial plateau fractures (P < 0.001), Moore fracture-dislocations (P = 0.005), open fractures (P = 0.022), and compartment syndrome (P = 0.001) to be associated with post-operative complications and unplanned outcomes. Long-term functional outcomes were worse among patients who developed a post-operative complication or unplanned outcome (P = 0.031).ConclusionOrthopaedic trauma surgeons should be aware of complications and unplanned outcomes following operatively managed tibial plateau fractures, along with having the knowledge of factors that are associated with development of post-operative events.     

The results of surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures]

Between 1995-2003 84 patients were treated because of the tibial plateau fracture in the Department of Orthopaedics of Gdansk Medical University. 47 patients were evaluated at the follow-up. In the pure cleavage fractures after joint opening an open reduction and internal fixation via screws or buttress plate was performed. In the cleavage fractures combined with depression the treatment consisted of: open reduction, elevation of the depressed plateau "en mass", bone grafting of the metaphysis, fixation of the fracture with cancellous screws and buttress plating. Rasmussen modified scale was used to assess the outcome. Resnick and Niwoyama criteria were used in calculating the degree of the degenerative changes. The clinical results were very good in 5 patients, good in 26, fair in 9 and poor in 5 patients. In the radiological assessment a very good result were observed in 8 patients, good in 28, fair in 7 and poor in 4 patients. An anatomical reduction of the articular surface together with stable internal fixation of the fracture site decreases the risk of the degenerative changes and helps to achieve a good final result.     

联合入路手术治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折

目的:探讨后内侧倒"L"形辅助前外侧联合入路手术治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的早期临床疗效。方法:自2011年3月至2014年6月,采用后内侧倒"L"形辅助前外侧联合入路手术治疗SchatzkerⅣ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折34例,其中男23例,女11例;年龄18~67岁,平均34.9岁;左侧19例,右侧15例。按Schatzker分型:Ⅳ型11例,Ⅴ型15例,Ⅵ型8例。按三柱分型:双柱骨折23例,三柱骨折11例。记录X线愈合时间、膝关节活动度,测量并记录患者术后即刻、6、12个月胫骨平台内翻角(TPA)及后倾角(PA),术后3、6、12个月采用美国特种外科医院评分系统(HSS)评定膝关节功能。结果:28例患者获得随访,时间8~39个月,平均(21.6±8.7)个月。骨折全部愈合,X线愈合时间12~24周,平均(14.5±3.6)周;膝关节活动度105°~135°,平均(121.5±5.5)°。术后即刻、6、12个月胫骨平台内翻角分别为(84.3±1.8)°,(85.1±1.3)°和(85.6±1.6)°;后倾角分别为(7.8±1.6)°,(7.8±1.3)°和(7.7±2.3)°;术后即刻、6、12个月胫骨平台内翻角及后倾角比较差异均无统计学意义。术后3、6、12个月HSS膝关节功能评分为71.4±1.4,76.7±1.7和81.6±1.2;术后3、6、12个月HSS膝关节功能评分比较差异均无统计学意义。1例早期膝关节僵硬,经积极功能锻炼,术后1年膝关节伸直受限范围6°;1例术后前外侧伤口裂开,经换药后愈合,未发生深部感染;4例天气变化时出现疼痛。末次随访,无膝关节不稳、膝关节外翻、内固定松动及断裂发生。结论:后内侧倒"L"形辅助前外侧联合入路手术治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折,能够充分显露手术区域,直视下精准复位骨折,同时对塌陷平台进行足量植骨,从而恢复了关节面的平整性,固定牢靠,利于早期功能锻炼,并发症少,临床疗效满意。     

两种手术治疗胫骨平台骨折41例临床分析

目的 通过回顾性研究,比较胫骨近端解剖钢板与锁定钢板在胫骨平台骨折治疗中的应用和疗效.方法 回顾性分析收治41例胫骨平台骨折患者,按收治年限分为两组,A组是早期采用的手术采用胫骨近端解剖钢板内固定治疗的患者(26例),B组为后期采用锁定钢板治疗的患者(15例).结果 A组:优13例,占50.00％;良9例,占34.61％;可3例,占11.54％;差1例,占3.85％;优良率86.15％.B组:优8例,占53.33％;良5例,占33.33％;可1例,占6.67％;差1例,占6.67％;优良率83.33％.两组优良率比较,无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 胫骨近端解剖钢板与锁定钢板内固定术两种方法,均是临床治疗胫骨平台骨折的安全有效方法.     

胫骨平台骨折手术治疗疗效分析

目的:探讨胫骨平台骨折手术治疗的临床效果。方法:手术治疗胫骨平台骨折26例,根据骨折类型、主要骨折块与塌陷部位选择切口,术中采用“T”形、“L”形或曲棍球棒形支撑钢板固定,骨折压缩部位复位后的骨缺损应用髂骨或人工骨植骨,同时分析术后外固定和屈膝功能锻炼时间对膝关节功能恢复的影响。结果:本组26例随访6个月~4年,采用Rasmussen评分标准评定临床疗效,结果优7例,良16例,可2例,差1例,优良率88.5%。术后2周内作屈膝功能锻炼者膝关节伸屈功能22例中20例恢复正常,外固定6周后再作膝功能锻炼4例中1例出现膝关节伸屈活动度减小。结论:胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗按骨折类型而定,其疗效取决于关节面平整、下肢力线和关节韧带骨组织连续性的恢复,骨折压缩部位复位后骨缺损必须植骨、有效固定、适时早期功能锻炼。     

Reasons for failure of surgical treatment in 25 tibial plateau fractures

BackgroundThe management of tibial plateau fracture is challenging. Restoration of articular congruity and early range of motion should be the primary goal. Proper and adequate preoperative planning is essential for a good outcome.PurposeThe study was a retrospective analysis of failed surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures.MethodsTwenty-five patients with tibial plateau fractures were referred to our hospital after having undergone surgery elsewhere. Because of functional disability, the patients received revision surgery with concomitant treatment of associated soft tissue injuries. The average age at operation was 43.5 years (range, 27–71 years). The average interval between the first treatment and the secondary operation was 10.4 months (range, 6–24 months). From the radiographs and operative findings, we analyzed the factors that cause failure of the index surgical treatments for tibial plateau fractures.ResultsSchatzker classification identified five type II, one type III, four type IV, seven type V, and eight type VI fractures. Among these 25 cases, nonunion was found in seven (28%) patients and malunion in 18 patients (72%). The causes of failed surgeries included inadequate fixation (76%), malreduction (84%), and bone defect (100%). In addition, there were associated soft tissue injuries in nine patients (36%).ConclusionsThe main elements of the surgical management of tibial plateau fractures are anatomical reduction, firm fixation, and bone grafting. Inadequate fixation, malreduction, and bone defects can lead to the failure of surgical treatment. The key to successful surgical treatment is a well-designed surgical scheme tailored on the specific fracture type and soft tissue condition; this can prevent serious complications and resultant malpractice suits.     

胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗

2004年1月～2007年12月,我们采用钢板内固定治疗48例胫骨平台骨折患者,术后注重早期康复锻炼,获得满意疗效。 1材料与方法 1．1病例资料本组48例,男33例,女15例,年龄21-60岁。闭合性骨折43例,开放性骨折5例。按Schatker分型：Ⅰ型6例,Ⅱ型12例,Ⅲ型12例,Ⅳ型10例,Ⅴ型5例,Ⅵ型3例。合并伤：半月板损伤8例,前交叉韧带损伤6例,内侧副韧带损伤3例。手术时问为伤后2h～7d。开放性损伤均急诊手术治疗,闭合性损伤根据软组织情况择期手术治疗。