鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微外科手术治疗

目的 总结鞍结节脑膜瘤的治疗效果,以提高鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗水平.方法 对2002年8月至2005年12月接受手术的14例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.所有的患者都采用显微手术.结果 根据Simpson分级标准肿瘤全切除率为85.7%,无手术死亡患者.71.4%的患者术后视力得到满意的恢复.结论 根据肿瘤的大小选择手术入路,应用显微外科技术能够提高鞍结节脑膜瘤的治疗效果.     

内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤显微神经外科手术中血管和神经的保护

背景与目的：内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤手术全切难度大,并发症较多,是颅底外科的难题之。本研究探讨内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤显微外科手术中血管和神经的保护,进一步减少并发症．以提高肿瘤切除率。方法：采用经翼点入路对35例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤进行显微神经外科手术切除．观察疗效和并发症,对与手术相关的血管和神经保护方法进行总结。结果：本组SimpsonⅠ级切除22例（62．9％）,SimpsonⅡ级切除9例（25．7％）,SimpsonⅢ级切除4例（11-4％）,无手术死亡。术前视力明显减退或视野缺损的22例中,术后明显好转16例,术后轻瘫2例、动眼神经麻痹1例,经积极治疗出院时恢复良好。结论：准确全面的术前评估,术中对视神经、海绵窦及其内神经、颈内动脉及其分支的保护．是提高内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤全切率、术后神经功能改善恢复和减少手术并发症发生的关键技术．     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术

报告显微手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤２５例，其中镜下全切肿瘤１７例，近全切５例，大部切除３例，无手术死亡，疗效满意。重点讨论了手术方法。认为在熟悉掌握鞍区显微解剖结构的基础上，采用显微手术的方法，利用鞍区各脑池间隙分块切除肿瘤，可有效地避免对下丘脑视神经，颈内动脉及穿动脉等重要结构的损伤，从而提高鞍结节脑膜瘤手术切除的彻底性，提高病人的生存质量，降低死亡率。     

眶上锁孔入路在鞍结节脑膜瘤手术中的应用

背景与目的：鞍结节脑膜瘤手术是神经外科中有挑战性的难题。本研究探讨眶上匙孔入路在切除小型鞍结节脑膜瘤手术中的应用价值、手术技巧及其适应证。方法：回顾分析瑞金医院神经外科采用眶上匙孔入路治疗的21例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。结果：21例患者出院时均恢复良好,肿瘤全切除20例（93.3%）,术后视力改善者19例（86.7%）,没有与手术入路相关的严重术后并发症。结论：对于有经验的神经外科医生来说,大多数小于3cm的鞍结节脑膜瘤可以通过眶上匙孔入路切除;尽管开颅骨孔小,但可提供足够的空间进行颅内操作切除肿瘤,并保护脑和其他重要结构;手术全切除率高,并发症少,手术效果良好。     

WHOⅡ级脑膜瘤术后复发的相关性因素分析

目的:探讨WHOⅡ级脑膜瘤的手术治疗方式及影响患者术后复发的相关因素。方法:以我院2008年1月-2018年6月收治的103名WHOⅡ级的脑膜瘤患者为研究对象，103例WHOⅡ级脑膜瘤患者中9例采用肿瘤次全切（Simpson IV级），94例采用肿瘤全切术（Simpson I-III级）。103例患者术后复发31例，无复发72例。分析患者年龄、性别、脑膜瘤病理类型、瘤周水肿、肿瘤最大径、肿瘤切除程度及术后放疗等与肿瘤复发的关系。结果:单因素Cox回归分析显示，年龄、性别、肿瘤最大径与肿瘤病理类型对WHO Ⅱ级脑膜瘤术后复发影响较小（P＞0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析显示，伴有瘤周水肿、Simpson分级是影响WHO Ⅱ级脑膜瘤术后复发的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。术后放疗是WHO Ⅱ级脑膜瘤术后复发的保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论:Simpson分级、有无瘤周水肿及术后是否放疗是影响WHO Ⅱ级脑膜瘤是否复发的相关因素。     

脊髓髓内室管膜瘤的显微外科治疗——附173例临床总结

背景与目的：随着神经影像技术，显微外科技术和术中监测手段的发展，大多数脊髓髓内肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗已成为现实。本研究旨在探讨显微外科手术治疗脊髓室管膜瘤的经验。方法：回顾性研究北京天坛医院神经外科脊柱脊髓组从2000年1月至2005年4月经显微外科手术治疗的髓内室管膜瘤173例，并分析其预后影响因素。结果：肿瘤全切除163例（94．2％），近全切除8例（4．6％），大部分切除2例（1．2％），出院3-6个月门诊随访好转142例（76．3％），余随访不全。结论：积极的显微外科治疗，争取全切是髓内室管膜瘤治疗的最佳选择，术前神经功能状况、肿瘤的性质与部位、手术技巧与切除程度等都是影响预后的重要因素。     

颅内外沟通型巨大鞍结节脑膜瘤全切除并颅底重建

目的探讨颅内外沟通型巨大鞍给节脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗及鞍结节脑膜瘤的分型。方法4例直径为6．8～7.2cm的鞍结节脑膜瘤经双额冠状开颅额下入路切除并肌肉、阔筋膜和生物胚颅底重建。结果肿瘤全切除3例，次全切除1例，颅底重建4例，随访7月至3年，效果良好。结论对首发症状表现为视力减退者，应行CT或/和MR检查，以排除鞍结节脑膜瘤的可能；颅内外沟通型巨大鞍给节脑膜瘤经双额开颅额下入路并肌肉、阔筋膜、生物胶颅底重建效果佳；建议将鞍结节脑膜瘤分为5型：即肿瘤直径在2．5cm以下为小型，2．5～4cm为中型，4～6cm为大型，6cm以上为巨大型，有颅内外沟通者列为颅内外沟通型     

脑肿瘤

鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术入路和技巧，前床突脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗探讨，颅内血管外皮细胞瘤诊断和治疗，巨大三叉神经鞘瘤的显微外科治疗，102例垂体泌乳素微腺瘤经蝶显微手术疗效效；垂体腺瘤卒中致肿物自行消退二例并文献复习     

巨大型垂体腺瘤一例

男性，27岁，右眼视力进行性障碍6年、伴头痛、幻嗅、幻味1月余入院。体检：右眼视力0．l，左眼0．8，右侧视乳头原发性萎缩，左眼视乳头水肿，左膝腱反射（），巴格斯基氏征（＋）、头颅X线平片承鞍结书、鞍痛及后床突骨质破坏，头颅gy扫描示右侧鞍旁有9x6xscm混合密度灶，初诊为蝶骨峙脑膜瘤。全麻下行右额额八路，术中见右侧额系叶内约有gX7X6Cm大实质性肿物，呈褐灰色，质地软，鞍旁及较内全被瘤组织占据，右侧视神经及海锦窦结构包埋于肿瘤之中，在显微镜下分块切除肿瘤。病理报告：嫌色性垂体腺瘤，术后右眼视力恢复0．6出院。讨论…     

39例鞍结节脑膜瘤眼部表现的临床分析

目的：探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的眼部临床表现。方法：回顾性分析2002年6月～2004年8月我院收治的39例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。结果：39例患者中有眼部表现37例（94.87%）。视力下降37例（94.87%）,其中单眼视力下降12例（30.77%）,双眼视力下降25例（64.10%）,8例单眼失明（20.51%）;视野缺损37例（94.87%）,表现为单眼或双眼的颞侧偏盲,鼻侧缺损,周边或中心限局暗点,管状视野等;有眼底改变的19例（48.72%）,表现为单侧或双侧的视盘边界不清、色淡、水肿或萎缩;外斜视4例（10.26%）。结论：鞍结节脑膜瘤大多以眼部表现为首发症状,早期发现、早期治疗则预后良好。     

Predisposing conditions and risk factors for development of symptomatic meningioma in adults

BACKGROUND: Risk factors and predisposing factors for the development of symptomatic meningioma during adult life are not well known. METHODS: Data from 306 consecutive patients with primary meningioma were collected retrospectively in a hypothesis-generating study. Factors studied included localisation of tumours, blood group typing, and risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, coronary arterial disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma, smoking, obesity, and second primary tumour. Case-control analysis of putative risk factors was carried out using a control data set from the German East-West Health Survey (n=7466, age range 25-69 years). Patients and controls were matched for age, gender, geographic area, and time of data collection. RESULTS: Rh(D) positive cases were significantly less frequent in the patient group compared to controls (p=0.01). Pre-existing diabetes was associated with meningioma in middle-aged (40-69 years) patients (odds ratio, OR 13.94-4.30, p=0.001-0.05). In female patients, arterial hypertension was significantly associated with occurrence of meningioma in the age group 60-69 years (OR=2.23, p=0.041). Rheumatoid arthritis had a negative association with meningioma in both males and females in the age groups above 50 years (OR 0.19-0.27, p=0.02-0.034). Bronchial asthma, smoking, and obesity were not significantly associated with meningioma. A second primary tumour was present in 12 cases. The most frequent combination was meningioma and breast cancer (5/12). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows statistically significant association of some co-morbidities with symptomatic meningioma in adults. Areas of interest have been identified where further research would be necessary.     

NF1 optic pathway glioma: analyzing risk factors for visual outcome and indications to treat

BackgroundThe aim of the project was to identify risk factors associated with visual progression and treatment indications in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 associated optic pathway glioma (NF1-OPG).MethodsA multidisciplinary expert group consisting of ophthalmologists, pediatric neuro-oncologists, neurofibromatosis specialists, and neuro-radiologists involved in therapy trials assembled a cohort of children with NF1-OPG from 6 European countries with complete clinical, imaging, and visual outcome datasets. Using methods developed during a consensus workshop, visual and imaging data were reviewed by the expert team and analyzed to identify associations between factors at diagnosis with visual and imaging outcomes.ResultsEighty-three patients (37 males, 46 females, mean age 5.1 ± 2.6 y; 1–13.1 y) registered in the European treatment trial SIOP LGG-2004 (recruited 2004–2012) were included. They were either observed or treated (at diagnosis/after follow-up).In multivariable analysis, factors present at diagnosis associated with adverse visual outcomes included: multiple visual signs and symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR]: 8.33; 95% CI: 1.9–36.45), abnormal visual behavior (adjOR: 4.15; 95% CI: 1.20–14.34), new onset of visual symptoms (adjOR: 4.04; 95% CI: 1.26–12.95), and optic atrophy (adjOR: 3.73; 95% CI: 1.13–12.53). Squint, posterior visual pathway tumor involvement, and bilateral pathway tumor involvement showed borderline significance. Treatment appeared to reduce tumor size but improved vision in only 10/45 treated patients. Children with visual deterioration after primary observation are more likely to improve with treatment than children treated at diagnosis.ConclusionsThe analysis identified the importance of symptomatology, optic atrophy, and history of vision loss as predictive factors for poor visual outcomes in children with NF1-OPG.     

鞍区脑膜瘤患者的临床特征及不同入路手术治疗临床效果分析

目的:研究鞍区脑膜瘤患者的临床特征及不同入路手术治疗临床效果,旨在为临床治疗提供理论依据.方法:选取我院在2011年10月至2016年10月期间收治的56例鞍区脑膜瘤患者.观察鞍旁型脑膜瘤与鞍上型脑膜瘤的临床特点,比较通过单侧额下入路与翼点入路的治疗差异,为鞍区脑膜瘤患者寻找好的治疗方式.结果:在本组所研究的56例患者中,SimpsonⅠ级与Ⅱ级共计39例,全切治疗率为69.64%,Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级分别为13例与4例;鞍上型脑膜瘤24例,鞍旁型脑膜瘤32例,鞍上型脑膜瘤出现视力下降、垂体受压、视野缺损、视神经或视交叉受压例数均高于鞍旁型脑膜瘤(P<0.05);两种入路方式在术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间等比较均无差异(P>0.05).结论:鞍旁型脑膜瘤与鞍上型脑膜瘤临床特点各异,鞍上型脑膜瘤对视力、视野、垂体受压、视神经压迫的影响比鞍旁型脑膜瘤更大.而在临床治疗中两种入路方式比较无差异,均能获得较好的临床疗效,值得在临床上推广.     

WHO grade II meningioma: a retrospective study for outcome and prognostic factor assessment

To analyse the outcome of patients with WHO grade II meningioma and identify factors that may influence recurrence and survival. Between January 2007 and September 2015, a retrospective search identified 194 WHO grade II meningiomas at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London. Survival methods were implemented. 31 patients (16?%) had a previous history of grade I meningioma. The patients underwent a total of 344 surgical resections and 43.3?% received radiotherapy. 55 patients (28.4?%) had been re-operated on for a WHO grade II meningioma relapse. Median follow-up was 4.4 years. At the end of the study, 75 patients (40.1?%) had no residual tumour on the last scan. Surgical recurrence free survival at 5 years was 71.6, 95?% CI [63.5, 80.8]. Secondary grade II meningioma (HR?=?2.29, p?=?0.010), and, Simpson resection grade 1, 2 and 3 vs. 4 and 5 (HR?=?0.57, p?=?0.050) were associated with the surgical recurrence-free survival. 32 died from meningioma (16.5?%). Overall survival probability at 5 years was 83.2, 95?% CI [76.6, 90.4]. Age at diagnosis (HR?=?0.22, p?p?=?0.001), tumour location (HR?=?0.19, p?p?=?0.010) were independently associated with the overall survival. Patients who received radiotherapy demonstrated neither a reduced risk of recurrence nor a longer overall survival (p?=?0.310). In our series shorter survival correlated with older age, increased mitoses, progression from grade I to II and location. We were not able to demonstrate a significant improvement in any of the clinical outcomes after radiotherapy.     

Gains of chromosome 22 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in the context of an hyperdiploid karyotype are associated with aggressive clinical features in meningioma patients

BACKGROUND: Meningiomas usually are considered to be benign tumors; however, 10-20% of cases recur. Few disease characteristics have proved to have prognostic impact for predicting disease free survival. The objective of the current study was to explore the prognostic value of numeric abnormalities of chromosome 22 for meningioma patients. METHODS: In this study, the authors prospectively analyzed the incidence of numeric chromosome abnormalities of chromosome 22 by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, using a specific probe for the bcr gene located in chromosome 22q11.2, on a total of 88 consecutive meningioma patients. The authors also analyzed its correlation with both the clinicobiologic characteristics at presentation and the patient's outcome. RESULTS: The authors' results show that monosomy 22 was present in 49% of the cases and that this numeric chromosomal abnormality is not associated with other prognostic features of the disease. In contrast, gains (trisomy/tetrasomy) of chromosome 22 were detected in 8 (9%) cases who simultaneously showed gains for other chromosomes and represent an adverse prognostic factor regarding disease free survival (P = 0.001); in addition, trisomy/tetrasomy 22 was more frequently related to younger patients (P = 0.001), aggressive histopathologic features (P < 0.000), a greater incidence of DNA aneuploidy (P =0.006), and a higher proportion of S-phase tumor cells (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, the authors conclude that loss of a copy of chromosome 22 is a frequent finding in meningioma tumors, but it does not affect the clinical outcome of these patients. In contrast, gains (trisomy/tetrasomy) of chromosome 22, in the context of an hyperdiploid karyotype, although much less frequent, are associated with a more aggressive disease course.     

Do statins,ACE inhibitors or sartans improve outcome in primary glioblastoma?

The prognosis of the association between Breast Cancer (BC) and Meningioma (M) is unknown. To evaluate the survival impact of tumor exposure sequence in patients with both tumors. Patients were divided in groups according to the tumors sequence: BC before M (group 1), synchronous BC?+?M (group 2) and BC after M (group 3). The SEER database was used. Demographics, meningioma and breast cancer variables were analyzed. The primary outcome was oncological survival. A total of 1715 patients were included (median follow-up:84 months). Group 2 had the shortest survival (median:32 months) and group 1 the longest (median:110 months). On the unadjusted analysis, group 2 had the shortest survival (HR:3.13, 95% CI 1.62–6.04) and adjusted analysis confirmed this finding (HR 3.11, 95% CI 1.58–6.19), with no statistical difference between the metachronous tumors groups. Increasing age (HR:1.13, 95% CI 1.11–1.15, p?<?0.005) and grade III meningioma (HR:4.51, 95% CI 1.90–10.69, p?<?0.005) were related with lower survival. Meningioma treatment had no influence on the survival (p?>?0.05). The association between surgery and radiotherapy in BC treatment improved the outcome (HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23–0.93, p?<?0.05). Grade III meningioma and receptor hormonal status influenced synchronous tumors (p?<?0.05) but had no influence on metachronous tumors survival (p?>?0.05) on stratified analysis. Synchronous tumors were associated with lower survival. Increasing age had a negative influence on patient survival. Although surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer had a positive influence in the outcome, meningioma treatment was not related with survival. Grade III meningioma and hormonal receptor status only influenced synchronous tumors patient survival.     

Historical benchmarks for medical therapy trials in surgery- and radiation-refractory meningioma: a RANO review

Background

The outcomes of patients with surgery- and radiation-refractory meningiomas treated with medical therapies are poorly defined. Published reports are limited by small patient numbers, selection bias, inclusion of mixed histologic grades and stages of illness, and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria changes. This analysis seeks to define outcome benchmarks for future clinical trial design.

Methods

A PubMed literature search was performed for all English language publications on medical therapy for meningioma. Reports were tabulated and analyzed for number of patients, histologic grade, prior therapy, overall survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and radiographic response.

Results

Forty-seven publications were identified and divided by histology and prior therapies, including only those that treated patients who were surgery and radiation refractory for further analysis. This included a variety of agents (hydroxyurea, temozolomide, irinotecan, interferon-α, mifepristone, octreotide analogues, megestrol acetate, bevacizumab, imatinib, erlotinib, and gefitinib) from retrospective, pilot, and phase II studies, exploratory arms of other studies, and a single phase III study. The only outcome extractable from all studies was the PFS 6-month rate, and a weighted average was calculated separately for WHO grade I meningioma and combined WHO grade II/III meningioma. For WHO I meningioma, the weighted average PFS-6 was 29% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3%–37.7%). For WHO II/III meningioma, the weighted average PFS-6 was 26% (95% CI: 19.3%–32.7%).

Conclusions

This comprehensive review confirms the poor outcomes of medical therapy for surgery- and radiation-refractory meningioma. We recommend the above PFS-6 benchmarks for future trial design.     

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for complex-shaped meningioma of the skull base: long-term experience of a single institution

PURPOSE: We analyzed our long-term experience with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with complex-shaped meningioma of the skull base. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 2004, 94 patients with complex-shaped meningioma were treated using IMRT at our institution. Tumor distribution was: World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 1 in 54.3%, WHO Grade 2 in 9.6%, and WHO Grade 3 in 4.2%. In 31.9% of patients, the clinical and radiologic characteristics of the tumor were consistent with the diagnosis of meningioma. Twenty-six patients received radiotherapy as primary treatment and 14 patients postoperative for residual disease. Fifty-four patients were treated after local recurrence. Median target volume was 81.4 mL, median total dose was 57.6 Gy given in 32 fractions. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 4.4 years. Overall local control was 93.6%. Sixty-nine patients had stable disease based on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas 19 had a tumor volume reduction after IMRT. Six patients showed local tumor progression on MRI 22.3 months' median after IMRT. Three patients died from non-treatment-related conditions after IMRT. In 39.8% of the patients, preexisting neurologic deficits improved. Worsening of preexisting neurologic symptoms was seen in 4 patients and 2 patients developed new clinical symptoms from local tumor progression. Transient side effects such as headache were seen in 7 patients. Treatment-induced loss of vision was seen in 1 of 53 reirradiated patients with a Grade 3 meningioma 9 months after retreatment with IMRT. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that IMRT is an effective and safe treatment modality for long-term local control of complex-shaped and otherwise difficult to treat meningioma.