链脲佐菌素糖尿病大鼠垂体—甲状腺轴的研究

制备糖尿病动物模型后，应用免疫细胞化学及形态计量学方法观察了糖尿病组，糖尿病加胰岛素组，对照组大鼠的甲状腺的结构及功能。结果，糖尿病鼠血Ｔ３、Ｔ４值显著降低，甲状腺滤泡面积及平均滤泡上皮高度显著减氏，胶体面积显著增加，Ｔ３和Ｔ４免疫反应阳性滤泡数量显著减少，上述结果提示糖尿病时甲状腺有明显形态计量学的改变，并有明显的功能低下。     

多发性硬化患者T淋巴细胞亚群的研究

采用间接免疫荧光染色加流式细胞术检测１８例多发性硬化（ＭＳ）活动期外周血及脑脊液中的Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８。结果表明，ＣＳＦ中ＣＤ４明显增高，ＣＤ８显著降低；ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值显著高于自身外周血，提示ＭＳ患者存在Ｔ细胞辅助免疫功能明显增强，免疫抑制功能明显缺陷。     

糖尿病患者治疗前后的甲状腺功能变化

目的：观察糖尿病患者治疗前后的甲状腺功能变化。方法：测定４０名未经控制的糖尿病患者甲状腺功能指标，并将患者分为无并发症组（Ａ组）急性并发症组（Ｂ组）及慢性并发症组（Ｃ组），其中２７例经治疗空腹血糖持续稳定在７．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ以下达２ｍｏ复查甲状腺功能。结果：与正常对照组相比，糖尿病患者治疗前血清ｒＴ３比值均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），Ｔ３，Ｔ４，ＦＴ３，ＦＴ４及Ｔ３／ｒＴ３比值均明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０     

链脲佐菌素诱发的大鼠糖尿病对垂体TSH细胞的影响

目的：观察实验性糖尿病对垂体TSH细胞的影响,探讨糖尿病垂体-甲状腺轴异常的发生机制.方法：采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱发大鼠糖尿病,应用PAP免疫细胞化学染色显示垂体促甲状腺激素细胞（TSH细胞）后,以形态计量学方法观察大鼠TSH细胞形态结构的变化.结果：糖尿病鼠TSH细胞的数密度、体密度均较对照组明显提高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,而平均细胞直径明显降低（P〈0.01）,说明细胞数量增加,细胞直径变小.糖尿病鼠的强阳性TSH细胞百分率较对照组明显升高（P〈0.05）.糖尿病加胰岛素组的上述指标均较糖尿病鼠有明显逆转,趋向正常组.结论：实验性糖尿病导致垂体TSH细胞发生明显的形态学改变,胰岛素治疗能逆转上述变化,提示糖尿病TSH细胞的变化与胰岛素缺乏密切相关.     

大柴胡加味对梗阻性黄疸T细胞亚群免疫调节观察

用单克隆抗体致敏的红细胞花环法测定梗阻性黄疸患者全血Ｔ细胞亚群，并进一步观察梗阻性黄疸单纯手术组（Ａ组）和手术加服大柴胡加味围手术期治疗组（Ｂ组）术前Ｔ细胞亚群与术后动态变化情况。结果表明梗阻性黄疸患者ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４明显低于正常对照阻（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。梗阻性黄疸术后第２天ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８进一步下降，低于术前水平（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｂ组术后第１０天ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４比Ａ组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。梗阻性黄疸术后第２０天ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比术前明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。研究提示梗阻性黄疸手术有利于Ｔ细胞免疫功能的恢复，围手术期中药治疗能促进Ｔ细胞功能尽快恢复，动态观察Ｔ细胞亚群变化对判断预后有一定的临床价值。     

老年人脑血管病后痴呆与甲状腺轴功能关系研究

对２８例老年脑血管病后伴有痴呆组病人和２４例不伴痴呆组病人血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（ＦＴ３）、游离甲状腺素（ＦＴ４）及促甲状腺素（ＴＳＨ）进行检测，并用甲状腺片治疗观察。结果表明，痴呆组ＦＴ３，ＦＴ４明显低于非痴呆组，ＴＳＨ亦有相应变化。８例病人采用甲状腺片治疗，６例病人ＦＴ３，ＦＴ４增高，但尚不足统计学意义。结果提示甲状腺轴功能状态对脑血管病后痴呆的发病、发展有一定影响。     

实验性糖尿病大鼠胰岛及D细胞的形态计量学研究

以链脲佐菌素诱发大鼠糖尿病，应用形态计量学结合免疫细胞化学方法观察了糖尿病时胰岛及Ｄ细胞的变化。结果：糖尿病鼠胰岛面积、周长明显减小，单位面积Ｄ细胞数显著增加，给糖尿病鼠胰岛素（１Ｉｕ／１００ｇＢＷ／日），Ｄ细胞数较糖尿病组明显减少，本文对胰岛缩小及Ｄ细胞数量变化的可能机制及在糖尿病发生、发展中所起的作用进行了讨论。     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病人缺锌对部份免疫功能的影响

对３４例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者在用一般降糖治疗后血糖稳定时加用锌剂，检测补锌前后免疫功能和血清锌含量的改变。结果发现：糖尿病组红细胞受体花环（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ），Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群（ＣＤ３，ＣＤ４，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８）及血清锌均低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＣＤ８及红细胞免疫复合物花环（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；经补锌治疗一月后，糖尿病组血清锌，ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ，ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ，ＣＤ３，ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８达正常值，ＣＤ８也接近正常。各指标治疗前后比较差异均有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＮＩＤＤＭ患者存在不同程度的缺锌和免疫功能低下，补锌可作为糖尿病（ＤＭ）一种可行的辅助疗法     

Graves氏病患者红细胞免疫粘附功能及T淋巴细胞亚群变化的临床研究

将７１例Ｇｒａｖｅｓ氏病患者分为末治疗组（ＧＤⅠ）和治疗组（ＧＤⅡ），观察红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环红细胞免疫复合物花环，同时测定Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群，血清ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４。结果显示：ＧＤⅠ组红细胞免疫功能及Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群功能失调，ＧＤⅡ组两者功能均有改善，但未恢复正常。提示（１）Ｇｒａｖｅｓ氏病发病机制除Ｔ淋巴细胞功能失衡外，可能与红细胞免疫功能失调也有密切的关系。（２）抗甲状腺药物具有免疫调节作用。（３）甲     

桥本甲状腺炎治疗效果及形态与功能的临床研究

目的：探讨桥本甲状腺炎（ＨＴ）药物治疗效果及甲状腺形态与功能的变化。方法：对２０例病人，应用超声显像法观察甲状腺的形态变化；用放免法测定甲状腺素（Ｔ３、Ｔ４），甲状腺微粒体抗体（ＴＭＡ），甲状腺球蛋白抗体（ＴＧＡ）及促甲状腺素的变化。结果：４例Ｔ３、Ｔ４升高的病人，治疗后Ｔ３、Ｔ４下降明显，９例ＴＧＡ、ＴＭＡ升高的病人，治疗后，ＴＧＡ、ＴＭＡ恢复正常，１６例腺体增大者经治疗后体积恢复正常，１例甲状     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.