射频消融术治疗非瓣膜性心房颤动患者围术期的抗凝治疗

经导管射频消融治疗心房颤动的患者越来越多,为减少血栓的发生,围术期的抗凝治疗不容忽视。目前抗凝的主要药物为肝素、低分子肝素和华法林,具体应用方法国内外已逐渐规范,但国内术中肝素剂量偏小,缺乏激活凝血时间的指导,是否安全有待进一步研究。另外术后华法林应用时间、低分子肝素是否能替代华法林抗凝,需大规模临床试验证实。新型口服抗凝药是否能真正应用于临床,值得期待。     

心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝策略

导管消融术已成为治疗心房颤动的一种有效手段,术后不少于3个月的抗凝能够有效降低栓塞风险。然而,3个月后是否需长期抗凝治疗尚未明确。目前,多个观察性研究表明低卒中风险患者消融成功术后3个月后可停服抗凝药物。     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

目的探讨持续性心房颤动（房颤）患者经导管射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系。方法2004年7月至2007年10月连续收治行导管射频消融治疗的持续性房颤145例。所有患者术前均口服华法林抗凝,使国际标准化比率（INR）控制在2．0—3．0至少1个月。消融前停用华法林并用低分子肝素替代抗凝。2004年7月至2006年1月消融的患者（组Ⅰ）64例,完成房间隔穿刺后,静脉给予普通肝素5000U;2006年2月至2007年10月消融的患者（组Ⅱ）81例,完成房间隔穿刺后根据患者体重予以肝素（100U／kg）,两组患者消融术中每小时均追加肝素1000U。消融后行低分子肝素抗凝3d并口服华法林治疗至少3个月。结果组Ⅰ有4例患者于围术期出现血栓形成或血栓栓塞;组Ⅱ1例持续性房颤患者因消融后第3天自行停用华法林出现短暂性脑缺血发作,其余严格抗凝的患者均未出现血栓事件。组Ⅰ与组Ⅱ消融术前后达到抗凝要求的持续性房颤患者血栓事件发生率差异有统计学意义（4／64对0／80,P=0．037）。结论消融中根据患者体重调整抗凝强度可以显著减少持续性房颤患者围术期血栓事件并发症的发生。     

心房颤动导管射频消融静脉电隔离前后的抗凝治疗

探讨心房颤动 (简称房颤 )导管射频消融静脉电隔离前后的抗凝治疗 ,2 0 0 1年 8月到 2 0 0 4年 4月连续收治行射频消融治疗的阵发性房颤患者 15 6例 ,男 118例 ,女 38例 ,年龄 5 4± 10岁。术前行经食管心脏超声和 /或螺旋CT心脏成像检查排除心房内血栓 ;有高血压、糖尿病、一过性脑缺血发作 (TIA)或脑卒中史、或年龄大于 6 5岁的房颤患者术前华法林抗凝治疗 1个月 ;术后华法林抗凝治疗 1～ 3个月。结果 :前 4 0例患者在手术前后未按上述方法进行常规检查和规范抗凝治疗 ,术中脑栓塞引起失语和左上肢肌力下降 1例 ,术中和术后第三天TIA各 1例。 3例均伴有高血压 ,其中 1名合并有糖尿病。以后的 116例患者术前均行食管超声和 /或螺旋CT检查 ,手术前后及术中进行正规抗凝治疗 ,未再发生血栓栓塞事件 (3/ 4 0vs 0 / 116 ,P =0 .0 16 )。结论 :房颤患者在导管射频消融静脉电隔离手术前常规行经食管超声和 /或螺旋CT检查排除心房血栓 ,并在手术前后及术中进行规范抗凝治疗可有效预防手术相关血栓栓塞并发症。     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性心房颤动射频消融术中不同抗凝方案与围术期血栓事件的关系

Objective The relationships between different anticoagulation methods during radiofre-quency catheter ablation(RFCA) of persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF)and thromboembolic events in our center were evaluated. Methods From July 2004 to October 2007, RFCA was consecutively performed in 145 persistent/permanent AF patients. Anticoagulation with warfarin was administrated in all patients before op-eration for at least 1 month, with the international normalized ratio(INR) maintained between 2.0 and 3.0. Be-fore procedure,warfarin was discontinued and replaced by low molecular weight heparin(LMWH). After atrial septum puncture,a total of 5000 U tmfractioned heparin(UFH) were given to patients of group Ⅰ who under-went the ablation from July 2004 to January 2006,while patients of group Ⅱ who underwent the ablation from February 2006 to October 2007 were heparinized(100 U/Kg) according to their weights. During operation, 1000 U UFH was appended per hour. After procedure, LMWH was used for 3 days while warfarin was initiated at the same time and continued for at least 3 months. Results Four patients in group Ⅰ (64 patients ,51 men)experi-enced thrombosis or embolism during or after ablation. One female persistent AF patient in the group Ⅱ (81 pa-tients,67 men)who didn' t fulfill the anticoagulatian therapy experienced TIA after ablation. No thrombeembolic event was identified in other patients of group Ⅱ who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy. The incidence of thromboembolic event of persistent/permanent AF patients who fulfilled the anticoagulation therapy in the group Ⅱwas lower than that of group Ⅰ (4/64 vs. 0/80, P = 0.037). Conclusions Strengthen the anticoagulation therapy according to patients' weights during radiofrequency ablation could significantly decrease the incidence of thromboembolic event in patients with persistent/permanent AF.     

持续性与阵发性心房颤动导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离的抗凝治疗

目的探讨持续性心房颤动(简称房颤)患者导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离前后的抗凝治疗。方法2004年7月到2006年1月连续收治行射频消融治疗的持续性房颤64例,导管射频消融前需华法林抗凝治疗的阵发性房颤患者84例。所有患者术前华法林抗凝治疗使国际标准比率2.0~3.0维持至少3周。术中完成房间隔穿刺后,静脉给予肝素5000~8000U或75~100U/kg,以后每小时追加1000U或12U/kg。术后华法林抗凝治疗至少3个月。结果持续性房颤患者中1例术中心腔内超声发现消融时消融导管顶端血栓形成,术后无血栓栓塞表现,3例术后出现血栓栓塞表现,血栓栓塞发生率4.7%。阵发性房颤患者中未见血栓形成和栓塞表现。两组病例血栓形成和栓塞比较有显著差异(4/64vs0/84,P=0.033)。结论持续性房颤患者行导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离术易血栓形成和栓塞,应加强术中及术后肝素抗凝治疗。     

心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝治疗研究进展

<正>心房颤动住院患者的脑卒中发生率达24.8%,其中超过80岁的老年患者脑卒中发生率高达32.86%〔1〕。随着心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术的临床推广,接受这种治疗的患者也越来越多。房颤消融术后的抗凝治疗有重要的实践意义〔2〕。1目前抗凝治疗方法及现状抗凝治疗是房颤消融术后的重要部分,目前临床上依然根据患者的血栓栓塞危险分层来选择抗栓药物,最常用的危险分层工具是〔(CHADS2)评分(心力衰竭、高血压、年龄75岁和     

高龄心房颤动患者导管消融围术期不同抗凝方案的对比观察

目的：观察大于75岁的高龄心房颤动（房颤）患者围导管消融期三种抗凝方案的安全有效性。方法选取2011年7月到2013年12月行房颤导管消融治疗的高龄（＞75岁）房颤患者85例,术前常规华法林抗凝后经食管超声检查排除左心耳血栓,分为三组：传统抗凝组30例,消融前停用华法林,以低分子肝素桥接,术中用普通肝素抗凝,术后桥接低分子肝素联合华法林过渡到单用华法林;华法林持续使用组32例,围消融期正常使用华法林,术中使用普通肝素抗凝;新型口服抗凝药物组23例（达比加群组12例,利伐沙班组11例）,术前、术中同传统抗凝组,术后4h开始服用达比加群或利伐沙班抗凝。比较三组抗凝方案围术期到术后3个月的出血和栓塞事件发生率及其他并发症。结果传统抗凝组住院期间新发脑梗死1例,下肢血肿7例,假性动脉瘤1例,出院后3个月内内脏出血1例,小出血事件6例;华法林持续使用组院内下肢血肿4例,出院后3个月内小出血事件4例;新型口服抗凝药物院内下肢血肿2例,出院后无小出血事件。结论高龄房颤患者行导管消融治疗,总体安全有效。与传统抗凝治疗方案对比,持续使用华法林方案或采用新型口服抗凝药物能进一步降低出血并发症风险,并未增加血栓栓塞的风险。     

心房颤动导管消融患者围术期口服抗凝治疗概况

经导管射频消融术已成为有症状心房颤动(简称房颤)患者节律控制的有效治疗手段,传统抗凝方案为肝素桥接,目前不中断华法林及新型口服抗凝药也已在临床广泛应用。但房颤消融围术期血栓栓塞及出血事件的风险仍存在,围术期口服抗凝治疗策略尚无统一意见。     

慢性心房颤动经导管消融术后复发的预测指标

慢性心房颤动(简称房颤)经导管消融术后维持窦性心律(简称窦律)的人数占总消融人数的百分率因采取不同的消融策略而有不同,在70%～95%之间。多种指标影响消融术后的临床转归,病程长、左房大、左房疤痕和纤维化、体表ECGf波频率快振幅低、最大P波时程长是预测慢性房颤消融术后复发的危险因素,而年龄、体重指数、结构性心脏病指标报道不一,有待进一步研究。慢性房颤是多因素综合的结果,个体差异很大,应根据上述危险因素综合评分,合理选择患者。     

心房颤动射频消融术中经验性抗凝方案评价

目的 观察心房颤动(房颤)射频导管消融术中经验性抗凝活化凝血时间(ACT)达标情况及短期术后血栓并发症发生情况.方法 顺序入选2011年我院行射频导管消融治疗的阵发性或持续性房颤患者87例,术中均依据经验肝素抗凝(即首次穿刺房间隔后予负荷量肝素100 U/kg,术中每小时追加1000 U),术中定时监测ACT,如ACT≥250 s即为抗凝达标,ACT≥300 s则抗凝效果较好.观察ACT达标情况.随访终点:术后1个月脑卒中及严重出血情况(颅内出血、穿刺口血肿、皮肤黏膜出血).结果 87例患者测定ACT总体达标率为74.1％,未达标25.9％.ACT全程达标患者共45例,达标率为51.7％.术中术后无血栓及出血事件发生.结论 虽然房颤消融术中经验性抗凝多数患者可以全程达标抗凝,但仍有部分患者部分时间ACT未达到抗凝标准,存在潜在血栓及出血不良事件发生风险,建议遵循指南进行术中ACT监测指导抗凝.大体重的阵发性房颤患者,术中经验性抗凝不易达标,需要加强抗凝,提高达标率.