BamHI酶切位点变异区域性分布在HCV1b型5''''非编码区的研究

目的研究丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)1b型5'非编码区BamHⅠ酶切位点变异的区域性分布。方法对来自中国4个不同地区的64例HCV1b基因型血清样品进行5'-NCR扩增后,分别用MboⅠ、BamHⅠ限制性内切酶酶切分析,比较不同地区变异株分布的差异。结果测序证实中国HCV1b基因型在117位有BamHⅠ酶切位点。64例血清样品中,BamHⅠ单切点变异株,华南7例(28%),东北1例(10%),华北1例(11.1%),西南0例;MboⅠ及BamHⅠ切点均无的变异株,西南8例(40%),华南2例(4%),东北1例(10%),华北0例。结论证实HCV1b型BamHⅠ变异具有区域性分布特点,华南地区和西南地区变异较多,华北和东北变异较少。而这一变异是否与干扰素治疗耐药有关,尚有待于进一步研究。     

BamH Ⅰ酶切位点变异区域性分布在HCV 1b型5''''非编码区的研究

目的研究丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)1b型5'非编码区BamHⅠ酶切位点变异的区域性分布.方法对来自中国4个不同地区的64例HCV 1b基因型血清样品进行5'-NCR扩增后,分别用Mbo Ⅰ、BamH Ⅰ限制性内切酶酶切分析,比较不同地区变异株分布的差异.结果测序证实中国HCV 1b基因型在117位有BamH Ⅰ酶切位点.64例血清样品中,BamH Ⅰ单切点变异株,华南7例(28%),东北1例(10%),华北1例(11.1%),西南0例;Mbo Ⅰ及BamHⅠ切点均无的变异株,西南8例(40%),华南2例(4%),东北1例(10%),华北0例.结论证实HCV 1b型BamH Ⅰ变异具有区域性分布特点,华南地区和西南地区变异较多,华北和东北变异较少.而这一变异是否与干扰素治疗耐药有关,尚有待于进一步研究.     

丙型肝炎病毒单基因型感染与非单基因感染患者基因型分析

目的 研究慢性丙型肝炎患者基因型分布情况,并对相关基因型进行血清学指标分析。方法 收集安徽省立医院感染病院114例慢性丙型肝炎患者血清样本,采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）-荧光探针法对患者丙型肝炎病毒进行分型,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测外周血丙肝病毒核糖核酸（HCV-RNA）,同时检测肝功能[谷氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）]、凝血指标 [凝血酶原时间（PT）、凝血酶原活动度（PTA）、血小板（PLT）]及自身抗体[抗核抗体（ANA）、抗U1小核糖核蛋白抗体（抗RNP）、抗狼疮细胞抗体（抗Sm）、抗52?kD的多肽条段（抗Ro-52）、着丝粒蛋白B抗体（抗CENP B）、M2型线粒体抗体（AMA-M2）、抗肝/肾微粒体1型抗体（LKM1）]等相关血清学指标。结果 在114例慢性丙型肝炎患者中,丙型肝炎病毒基因型主要为1b型（80.70%）,2a型（7.01%）,6a型（1.75%）,未分型（0.88%）。除了单基因型,还发现非单基因型11例（9.65%）。对单基因型和非单基因型相关实验室指标分析发现,非单基因型ALT及自身抗体检测阳性率要高于单基因型（Z?=1.999,P?=0.045;χ2=13.408,P?=0.000）,而对AST、GGT、PT、PTA、PLT等指标,单基因型与非单基因型患者比较,差异无统计学意义（P?>0.05）。结论 该研究的丙型肝炎病毒感染的患者中,丙型肝炎病毒基因型以1b为主;非单基因型对肝损害要高于单基因型,自身抗体出现的阳性率也更高,可能也更易出现自身免疫性疾病。     

海南省IDUs和non-IDUs人群中HCV的基因型分布

目的 了解海南省静脉吸毒人群（inject drug users, IDUs）中HCV-Ab、HCV-RNA的情况,以及IDUs与非静脉吸毒人群（non-inject drug users, non-IDUs）中丙型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis C virus, HCV）亚型分布特点。方法 从海南省的美沙酮维持治疗门诊、戒毒所和海南省人民医院住院患者中选择HCV-Ab阳性者检测HCV-RNA,对HCV-RNA阳性者抽取血清进行RT-PCR及巢式PCR扩增Core-E1区并测定其核酸序列、确定其基因亚型。根据是否存在静脉吸毒行为分为IDUs组和non-IDUs组,然后并对两组的资料统计分析。结果 海南省802例美沙酮维持治疗门诊、戒毒所吸毒者中HCV-Ab阳性309例,HCV-Ab阳性率38.53%,其中215例HCV-RNA阳性,阳性率为69.58%。海南省人民医院就诊HCV-RNA阳性者251例,共466例HCV-RNA检测阳性 。466例HCV-RNA阳性者中448例样本成功测序和基因分型及具体如下： IDUs组（320例）中6a（58.75%）是最主要的基因型,其次是3b（16.88%）、3a（15.63%）、1a（4.38%）、1b（2.81%）和非6a（0.93%）;而non-IDUs组（128例）中最主要的基因亚型是1b（30.47%）,其次是6a（28.12%）、3b（10.16%）、3a（3.91%）、1a（7.03%）和非6a（14.84%）,两组亚型之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 海南省IDUs人群中HCV感染后自发清除率较高,其感染的主要亚型为6a,其次为3b;但有些地区的IDUs人群中存在其他亚型的小范围流行。     

HCV基因型混合感染与干扰素疗效关系的初步探讨

目的了解丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitisCvirus,HCV)基因型与干扰素(interferon,IFN)疗效的关系,探索影响IFN疗效的指标。方法采用型特异性引物PCR法进行基因分型,Fisher'sexact法分析IFN的疗效。结果1b与1b 2型患者IFN疗效间差异无显著性,HCV1b感染者与合并HBV感染的HCV1b患者IFN疗效间差异无显著性。结论HCV1b患者IFN的疗效与其是否合并HCV2或HBV感染无关。     

衡阳地区HCV基因型分布特征及DAA应用的疗效观察

目的了解衡阳地区丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)基因型分布特征,观察直接抗病毒药物(DAA)对不同基因型丙型肝炎的治疗效果。方法对衡阳地区1 148例HCV患者进行基因分型检测及分析,并对133例应用DAA治疗的慢性丙型肝炎患者定期进行血清病毒含量和生化指标检测,观察不同基因型患者抗病毒治疗的应答情况。结果衡阳地区检测出4种HCV基因型(1、2、3、6)和7种基因亚型(1a、1b、2a、3a、3b、6a、6n),以1b型为主。在DAA治疗的HCV患者中,1b型和非1b型获得的病毒学应答率分别为98.78%和100.00%;生化学应答率均为100.00%。结论衡阳地区HCV感染以1b型为主,且女性高于男性,年龄≥50岁患者高于年龄＜50岁患者。DAA治疗不同基因型慢性HCV均能获得高持续病毒学应答,且疗效显著。     

河源地区无偿献血人群HCV感染的基因型分布特征

目的 了解河源地区无偿献血人群HCV感染的基因型分布情况。方法 收集2007年1月1日—2016年12月31日河源市中心血站抗-HCV ELISA双试剂均阳性的无偿献血者样本,经HCV RNA定量检测,HCV RNA定量结果>1×10³ IU/mL的样本,进行HCV基因分型。结果 141例抗-HCV 双试剂阳性样本中,123例病毒载量大于1×10³ IU/mL,108例获得基因分型结果。HCV基因分型为：6a（45例,41.67%）、3型（27例,25.00%）、1b （12例,11.11%）、1a （12例,11.11%）、1a+1b （6例,5.56%）和3型+6a（6例,5.56%）。HCV各基因型无偿献血者病毒载量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同年龄、职业无偿献血者HCV各基因型分布差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;不同性别、文化程度无偿献血者间HCV各基因型分布差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 河源地区无偿献血者HCV感染的基因型（亚型）包括1a、1b、3型和6a,其中6a亚型成为本地区无偿献血者中第一流行株。     

109例肝细胞癌患者HCV感染及酶切基因型

为了解广州地区肝细胞癌患者中丙型肝炎病毒感染情况及其基因型，我们对１０９例ＨＣＣ患者血清做了抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ检测，并以ＰＣＲ阳性产物做了酶切片段长度多态性分析。在２２例ＨＣＣ抗－ＨＣＶ阳性血清中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性１８例，其中１５例与ＨＢＶ重叠感染，３例为单独感染。     

皖南地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型和亚型的分布特征

目的:研究皖南地区人群乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV) 基因型和亚型流行及分布情况.方法:采用HBV基因型和亚型特异性引物PCR法,对皖南地区319例HBV DNA阳性患者进行基因型和亚型的检测.结果:皖南地区319例HBV感染者中,可检出基因型285例,检出率为89%,其中B型162例(57...     

重庆地区无偿献血人群丙型肝炎病毒流行病学调查

目的研究重庆地区无偿献血人群的丙型肝炎感染率及流行特征.方法收集从2003年6月～2004年5月共13 620名健康志愿献血者血液,检测丙型肝炎病毒抗体、RNA以及基因分布和序列特征.丙肝病毒抗体采用ELISA,阳性标本进一步采用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）扩增5′-非翻译区（5′-UTR）和核心区（Core）片断.病毒基因分型根据核心区序列进行,PCR扩增产物直接用于测序并分型.结果在所有13 620份志愿献血者标本中经ELISA试剂盒共检出67例丙肝抗体阳性,丙肝抗体阳性率为0.49%, 不同年龄组从0.27%～0.86%不等,不同性别间和婚否间无明显差异.对34份抗体阳性标本进一步分析,共扩增出24份5′-UTR阳性,病毒RNA血症阳性率为71%;共有22份标本成功扩增核心区片断并测序和基因分型,基因型1b占4份（18%）,基因型2a占5份（23%）,基因型3a占9份（41%）,基因型3b占4份（18%）.基因型3a为主要流行株.结论重庆地区志愿献血人群丙肝感染率较低,有基因型1b、2a、3a和3b,以基因型3a为主要流行株.     

鞍山中心医院丙型肝炎病毒亚型的分布状态

[摘要]　目的　了解鞍山地区丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）基因分型的情况。　方法　采用型特异性引物逆转录巢式PCR法对鞍山地区抗HCV和HCV RNA均阳性的患者共189例进行基因分型。　结果　在189份抗HCV和HCV RNA均阳性血清中基因型分别检测出了1b和2a型,未发现混合型感染,其中11份为阴性。　结论　鞍山地区基因型有1b型和2a型两种型,未发现其他亚型,1b型（53％）和2a型（47％）基本相等。     

中国东北部延边地区丙型肝炎病毒1a型感染研究

目的初步探讨东北部延边地区HCV基因型分布和1a型的感染状况。方法对44例来自延边地区的HCVRNA阳性样本进行HCV5’非编码区（5’NCR）复合酶切分型分析。将分型结果为1a型的4例样品（分别为Y2、Y4、Y6、Y8）进行5’NCR和NS5B区的扩增,测序,然后与27个HCV全基因参考序列（均来自GenBank）比对并构建遗传进化树。结果44例样品中1a／1b混合型19例（43．1％）,1b型12例（27．3％）,2a／1b混合型8例（18．2％）,1a型4例（9．1％）,2a型1例（2．3％）,2b型以及3～6型未检出。其中,1a型的4例样品Y2、Y4、Y6、Y8分别与各基因型的全基因参考序列相比较,在5’NCR与1a型参考序列HC—J1的同源性最高,分别为0．990、0．990、0．990、0．990,进化树分析也证实为1a型;在NS5B区与1b型参考序列HC—J4的同源性最高,分别为0．936、0．957、0．936、0．936,进化树分析表明为1b型。结论延边地区以1a／1b型混合感染为主,1b型和1b／2a型感染次之,与中国其他地区存在明显差异。对4例1a型HCV病毒株的分析发现,存在HCV5’NCR与NS5B分型结果不一致现象。分析推测可能是HCV基因组在生物进化过程中自然重组的表现,但尚需进一步研究证实。     

Study of hepatitis C virus genotype in Guizhou area of southwestern China

OBJECTIVE: To determine the concordance in various hepatitis C (HCV) genotyping methods and to investigate the distribution of HCV genotypes in Guizhou area of Southwest China. METHODS: Serum samples from 206 patients (100 with chronic hepatitis and 106 with hemopathy) were detected for antibody of HCV by second generation enzyme-labelled immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty-five anti-HCV positive samples were detected for HCV RNA by RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 30 HCV RNA positive samples were determined for their genotypes by three various genotyping methods [PCR with type-specific primers at the core region (primer-set), slot-blot hybridization with type-specific probes at NS5B region (blotting) and the restric fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR products of 5' NC region (RFLP)]. Ten samples with the known genotype were analysed by the direct sequencing. RESULTS: Of 30 samples with positive HCV RNA, the types of 22 could be classified by three methods, and the genotypes determined by various methods had complete concordance. The types of 6 samples could be classified by two methods and 5 had agreement subtypes. The types of two samples could be classified only by RFLP. Overall, 27 (90.0%) had subtype 1b infection and 3 (10.0%) had subtype 2a infection. The nucleotide sequence of 8 samples with subtype 1b and one with subtype 2a were analysed by the direct sequencing. The subtypes determined by sequence analysis were in complete concordance with those decided by various genotyping methods. CONCLUSIONS: Subtype 1b is the predominent HCV genotype in Guizhou area, while subtype 2a is less common. There was a good concordance with the genotyping results obtained by various HCV genotyping methods.     

Hepatis C virus genotype 4

Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 chronic hepatitis predominates in the Eastern Mediterranean region of the world. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, as high as 62% of all cases are due to genotype 4. Results of efficacy and safety clinical trials using pegylated-interferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C patients have shown great promise, but treatment of early responders should be maintained at 180 mg of pegylated-interferon alfa-2a plus 1000-1200 mg of ribavirin for 48 weeks unlike the 24 weeks recommended for genotypes 2 and 3. Hepatitis C genotype 4 may not be as "difficult to treat" as initially thought.     

池州地区乙型肝炎病毒B、C基因型分布及临床意义

目的:了解池州地区乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)B、C基因型的分布情况及其与临床指标的关系。方法:通过荧光定量PCR法测定116例乙型肝炎患者B、C基因型,并比较B、C基因型各项临床指标的关联性。结果:116例血清标本中,B基因型75例,C基因型39例,B/C混合型2例。不同基因型各临床指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。C基因型HBeAg阳性率为53.8%,B基因型为30.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.82,P0.05)。结论:池州地区HBV-DNA基因型分布以B型为主,C型次之;C基因型与较严重肝脏疾病的发生有关。     

Hepatitis C virus genotypes in Saudi Arabia

Hepatitis C virus genotypes have been associated with specific geographical areas and in many cases with specific mode of transmission. In developed countries, genotype determination has formed a part of the management of patients with hepatitis C virus seropositivity and liver diseases due to hepatitis C virus. The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus has been shown to be changing rapidly in many countries due to population movement and different life-styles; hence the distribution of the genotypes is being monitored closely in many countries. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, there are only a handful of publications recording the hepatitis C virus genotypes in various population groups. These studies have been carried out mainly in Riyadh (Central province) and Jeddah (Western province). There are no studies emanating from the Eastern or Northern provinces. According to these studies, the most prevalent genotype in the Western Province and probably in the whole Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was genotype 4, followed by genotypes 1a and 1b. Genotypes 1, 2a,/2b, 3 and 6 are very rare in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Genotype 5 was identified exclusively in the Western province and nowhere else. Genotypes 1b and 4 were associated with different histological grades of liver disease. Mixed infections with more than one genotype were observed in some studies. More detailed epidemiological studies of hepatitis C virus infections are needed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to gain more insight into a possible type/subtype-specific pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus in the different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as well as the distribution of the genotypes in the various localities.     

Hepatitis C virus in intravenous drug users

Sera from 172 intravenous drug users were tested for the presence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). The results were analysed in relation to aspects of the history of drug use and evidence of liver disease. The presence of anti-HCV was strongly associated with duration of intravenous drug use. Two-thirds of patients were anti-HCV seropositive within two years of commencing regular intravenous drug use, and there was 100% seropositivity among people injecting drugs for more than eight years. Seropositivity for hepatitis C virus closely paralleled exposure to hepatitis B virus, which was also endemic in this population. In contrast, only one patient tested positive for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus. The presence of anti-HCV correlated poorly with biochemical markers of hepatitis. About half the patients with anti-HCV had normal serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, whereas an abnormal liver biochemistry was frequently observed in anti-HCV seronegative subjects. Previous studies of non-A, non-B hepatitis that have used abnormal liver biochemistry as a marker have underestimated the prevalence of chronic hepatitis among intravenous drug users; the use of a specific screening test reveals that infection with hepatitis C virus is very common in this population.     

广州地区乙肝病毒基因型分布及序列分析

目的对广州地区无症状携带者HBV基因型分布及变异情况进行初步分析,为其科学防制提供数据支持。方法测定65例广州地区无症状携带者HBV基因组全序列,应用DNAman软件构建系统发育树,确定基因型,并应用blastn进行各基因型同源性分析。结果 65例HBV无症状携带者中检测出B基因型50例(76.9%),C基因型14例(21.5%),D基因型1例(1.6%),广州地区以B基因型流行占优势。同源性分析结果表明,相同基因型间同源性高、稳定性好。结论广州地区HBV流行以B基因型为主,相同基因型的序列间同源性高、基因稳定性好。