氟酰褪黑素对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨合成免疫调节剂氟酰褪黑素(N-(2-(5-methoxy-2-ethoxycarbonyl-3-indolyl)ethyl)tri-fluoroacetamide,TFMMT)对小鼠体内、外免疫活性的调节作用。方法使用正常动物模型,通过碳粒廓清实验、溶血素水平、迟发超敏反应、淋巴细胞转化实验及白介素-2(IL-2)的释放,测定小鼠的免疫功能。结果 TFMMT3个剂量组均能在不同程度上增强巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,提高血清溶血素水平;TFMMT高剂量组能提高小鼠对体内迟发超敏反应细胞的功能;浓度在2.03×10-10~6.98×10-7mol.L-1内,TFMMT剂量依赖性使小鼠脾脏中T淋巴细胞对ConA的反应性显著提高,TFMMT可使正常小鼠脾细胞分泌IL-2的水平升高,随剂量不断增大,作用反而减弱,呈剂量依赖性,但以1.17×10-9~6.98×10-7mo.lL-1内较为显著。结论 TFMMT能在体液、细胞及非特异性免疫等不同角度增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

鸡枞菌多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨鸡枞菌多糖(TAP)对环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法以黄芪多糖(APS)为阳性对照,用不同剂量的TAP对免疫抑制小鼠进行腹腔注射,检测其腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,免疫器官指数、血清溶血素、T淋巴细胞亚群、细胞因子、脾淋巴细胞增殖等免疫指标。结果 TAP在5～20 g.L-1浓度范围内不同程度增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能及提高免疫器官指数,且有剂量依赖性;20 g.L-1TAP可明显降低免疫低下小鼠CD4+/CD8+比值,并使IL-2、IFN-γ水平分别上升312.3%和88.1%,同时降低IL-4水平;TAP能明显提高脾淋巴细胞增殖能力。结论 TAP可提高免疫抑制小鼠体液及细胞免疫功能,且效果优于APS。     

短葶山麦冬多糖对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能的影响

目的研究短葶山麦冬多糖(LMP)对环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠的影响。方法应用环磷酰胺建立免疫低下小鼠模型,连续21天灌胃给予不同剂量(0.5、1.0、2.0g·kg-1)LMP后,测定小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率、血清溶血素、细胞因子IL-2、TNF-α、IL-6含量、脾淋巴细胞增殖、NK细胞活性等免疫指标。结果 LMP能升高免疫低下小鼠胸脏指数,明显增加小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率,增加血清溶血素和细胞因子(IL-2、TNF-α)含量,同时能明显提高脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和NK细胞活性。结论 LMP能够增强免疫抑制小鼠机体免疫功能。     

益生汤对小鼠免疫功能调节作用

目的:研究益生汤对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用.方法:BALB/C小鼠随机分为正常对照组、益生汤低剂量组(1.04 g·kg-1)、中剂量组(2.08 g·kg-1)和高剂量组(4.16 g·kg-1),连续灌胃给药30 d,采用刀豆蛋白A诱导的小鼠脾T淋巴细胞转化实验、巨噬细胞的吞噬能力、NK细胞活性测定以及测定血清中IL-2研究益生汤对小鼠免疫功能的作用.结果:益生汤高、中、低剂量组均能明显增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能,增强小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞的增殖转化反应,升高血清IL-2水平(P＜0.05),中、高剂量组可使小鼠NK细胞活性明显升高(P＜0.05或0.01).结论:益生汤可明显增强小鼠的免疫功能.     

暹罗鳄鱼鳞胶原蛋白多肽对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的观察暹罗鳄鱼鳞胶原蛋白多肽对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法采用环磷酰胺为免疫抑制剂,获得免疫功能低下的小鼠动物模型。比较小鼠服用胶原蛋白前后,小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖功能、NK细胞的杀伤功能以及小鼠碳粒廓清能力。结果胶原蛋白多肽对免疫功能低下小鼠T淋巴细胞的增殖功能、NK细胞的杀伤活性,均具有免疫增强作用(P<0.05),并呈剂量依赖性。结论鳄鱼鳞胶原蛋白多肽具有正向调节小鼠免疫功能的能力。     

灵芝多糖/硒化卡拉胶口服液对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:研究灵芝多糖/硒化卡拉胶口服液对环磷酰胺诱导免疫抑制小鼠的非特异性免疫功能、体液免疫功能、细胞免疫功能的影响。方法:小鼠腹腔注射80mg/kg环磷酰胺诱导免疫抑制小鼠模型,灵芝多糖/硒化卡拉胶口服液连续供应30d,每天1次。测定小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞功能、外周血白细胞数目、NK细胞活性、白介素-1(IL-1)活性、白介素-2(IL-2)活性、TNF-α活性、半数血清溶血素、抗体生成细胞、T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力、迟发型变态反应。结果:灵芝多糖/硒化卡拉胶口服液各剂量组(低剂量组:灵芝多糖2.5mg/kg+硒5μg/kg;中剂量组:灵芝多糖5mg/kg+硒10μg/kg;高剂量组:灵芝多糖15mg/kg+硒30μg/kg)均可提高外周血白细胞数目、提高半数溶血素值,低剂量组增强IL-1活性,中剂量组增强IL-2活性,高剂量组和中剂量组增强T、B淋巴细胞的增殖能力、NK细胞活性、TNF-α活性,高剂量组增强腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能、碳粒廓清值、提高抗体生成细胞、增强迟发型变态反应。结论:灵芝多糖/硒化卡拉胶口服液对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能具有改善作用。     

MS-870对小鼠免疫功能的影响

MS—870(50mg·Kg~(-1)·d~(-1)×7d.po)能显著促进正常小鼠和环磷酰胺所致的免疫反应低下小鼠溶血素生成,提高外周血酸性非特异性酯酶染色T淋巴细胞阳性百分率和增强小鼠迟发型变态反应.体外(10μg、5μg·L~(-1))明显促进NK细胞活性。此外.MS—870尚能提高碳粒廓清速率巨噬细胞吞噬率与吞噬指数.并使免疫器官增重。     

大豆异黄酮片对正常小鼠生长和免疫功能的影响

目的研究大豆异黄酮片对正常小鼠生长和免疫功能的影响。方法正常小鼠分别ig大豆异黄酮片1.5、0.5 g.kg-1或等体积空白溶剂,连续给药21 d。观察小鼠的体重及体增重,并检测其网状内皮系统(RES)的吞噬功能、ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增值能力和小鼠脾脏自然杀伤细胞(NK)的活性。结果大豆异黄酮片高、低剂量组均可显著促进小鼠T淋巴细胞的增殖和NK细胞的活性,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);而高、低剂量组小鼠的体重、体增重、吞噬指数和吞噬系数等虽高于对照组,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大豆异黄酮片具有剂量依赖性提高细胞免疫功能和NK细胞活性的作用;但对小鼠的生长和非特异性免疫功能的影响均不明显。     

当归多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的　研究当归多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法　sc环磷酰胺复制免疫抑制模型 ;测定胸腺、脾脏重量并计算脏器系数 ;碳粒廓清法测定单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能 ;比色法测定血清溶血素IgG、IgM含量 ;MTT法测定混合淋巴细胞培养反应。结果　在 1 0～ 1 0 0mg·kg- 1 剂量范围内 ,当归多糖能对抗环磷酰胺引起的小鼠脾萎缩 ,增加正常小鼠脾重 ,而对于正常及免疫抑制小鼠胸腺影响不大 ;促进正常及免疫抑制小鼠碳粒廓清率 ;而对小鼠血清溶血素IgG、IgM的生成有较强的抑制作用 ;在 30～ 30 0mg·L- 1 剂量范围内能促进同种异型抗原激活的小鼠脾细胞的增殖。结论　当归多糖能增强正常及免疫抑制小鼠的非特异性免疫功能 ,而对正常小鼠的体液免疫功能有抑制作用     

红色无硫菌对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的观察红色无硫菌对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法不同剂量红色无硫菌给小鼠灌胃4w后检测:1.脾淋巴细胞转化活性(MTT法);2.巨噬细胞吞噬能力(半体内法);3.半数溶血素值(HC50);4.NK细胞活性(LDH法)。结果剂量灌胃不同剂量的红色无硫菌均能不同程度地提高脾淋巴细胞转化活性;增强巨噬细胞吞噬能力;升高半数溶血素值,提高NK细胞活力。结论红色无硫菌有增强机体细胞免疫和体液免疫作用。     

一种白僵菌代谢产物提取物抗实验性抑郁的研究

目的　研究一种白僵菌代谢产物提取物 (BCEF0 0 83)抗实验性抑郁的作用。方法　采用小鼠获得性绝望模型 (小鼠强迫游泳实验、小鼠悬尾实验 )及慢性不可预见性应激、孤养模型研究BCEF0 0 83抗实验性抑郁作用及可能的作用机制 ;采用紫外、荧光分光光度计法检测BCEF0 0 83对模型动物脑组织单胺氧化酶活性、单胺递质含量的影响。结果　在小鼠强迫游泳实验、小鼠悬尾实验中 ,BCEF0 0 832 5、5 0、10 0mg·kg-13个剂量组均可明显缩短小鼠的不动时间 ,且呈现一定的量效关系 ;BCEF0 0 832 5、5 0、10 0mg·kg-13个剂量组对慢性应激模型小鼠脑组织重线粒体MAO A ,B活性均有明显的抑制作用 ,且呈现一定的量效关系。BCEF0 0 832 5、5 0、10 0mg·kg-13个剂量组对慢性应激模型小鼠脑组织NE、5 HT、5 HIAA、DA的含量有不同程度的提高。结论　BCEF0 0 83具有一定的抗小鼠实验性抑郁作用 ,其机制可能与抑制动物脑组织单胺氧化酶活性、升高单胺递质含量有关。     

赛拉嗪中枢抑制效应机理研究中动物模型的选择及突触前α_2－受体的作用

用６－ＯＨ－ＤＡ特异性毁损ＬＣ或中枢ＮＥ能神经末梢，对赛拉嗪抑制大鼠ＥＡ作用的影响不同于其影响赛拉嗪抑制ＬＡ的作用。在小鼠ＥＡ行为模型上，赛拉嗪的中枢性抑制作用表现为ＥＡ明显减少，α２－受体拮抗剂育亨宾及三环类抗抑郁剂丙咪嗪均对赛拉嗪的中枢性抑制效应具有显著的拮抗作用。α１－受体拮抗剂哌唑嗪却无拮抗效果，而酪氨酸羟化酶抑制剂α－ＭＰＴ则对赛拉嗪的中枢性抑制效应具有加强作用。结果提示，在赛拉嗪中枢抑制性效应机理的研究中，不应简单地将ＥＡ和ＬＡ的药理学意义等同，赛拉嗪的中枢性抑制效应主要由突触前α２－受体介导，与抑制ＮＥ能神经末梢释放ＮＥ有关。     

Rosiglitazone treatment reversed depression- but not psychosis-like behavior of db/db diabetic mice

The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of long-term management of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia on neurobehavioral deficits in db/db mice. In this study, 5-week-old db/db and lean control mice were fed with rosiglitazone (20 mg/kg/day) mixed or standard chow for a duration of 5 weeks. Mice were monitored weekly for blood glucose concentration. Five weeks after the onset of treatment, they were subjected to the forced swim test (FST), pre-pulse inhibition (PPI), open field test (OFT) and fear-potentiated startle (FPS) test to examine for depression, psychosis-like behavior, locomotor activity and emotional learning, respectively. Rosiglitazone normalized hyperglycemia and improved glucose tolerance. Rosiglitazone significantly reduced immobility time in the FST in db/db mice, suggesting an antidepressant-like effect. However, rosiglitazone failed to reverse disruption of PPI in db/db mice, indicating its ineffectiveness against psychosis-like behavior. In the OFT, rosiglitazone did not affect the activity of db/db mice, suggesting its antidepressant-like effect was independent of changes in locomotor activity. In the FPS test, db/db mice showed impaired emotional learning and rosiglitazone failed to correct it. In conclusion, long-term blood glucose management in type-2 diabetics may help to limit the co-occurrence of depression but not the psychotic symptoms and ability to cope with stress.     

氟西汀对荷瘤小鼠抑郁状态的改善作用

目的:观察荷瘤导致小鼠的抑郁状态和氟西汀对荷瘤小鼠抑郁状态的改善作用。方法:肝癌H22腹水瘤细胞小鼠腋下接种,建立荷瘤小鼠模型,采用利血平诱导眼睑下垂、尾悬挂、自主活动3种方法观察抑郁状态。结果:荷瘤小鼠与正常小鼠相比,利血平导致眼睑下垂得分,尾悬挂的失望时间及自主活动数均明显变化(P<0.05);应用氟西汀(10~40mg·kg-1,×11d,po)后,荷瘤小鼠所产生的抑郁状态的各项参数均有明显改善(P<0.01)。结论:荷瘤可导致小鼠产生一定的抑郁状态,氟西汀具有明显改善荷瘤小鼠抑郁状态的作用。     

Genetically determined differences in acute responses to diisopropylfluorophosphate

The acute effects of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) were assessed in DBA/2Ibg, C57BL/6Ibg and C3H/2Ibg mice. The DFP was administered by intraperitoneal injection in saline. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was maximally inhibited within 5 min after injection. All mice showed signs of organophosphate intoxication including salivation, lacrimation, diarrhea, respiratory distress, tremor and, at high doses, seizures. The C57BL mice were most susceptible to these effects of DFP. The LD50 values for DFP were 8.0, 7.6, and 6.8 mg/kg for male DBA, C3H, and C57BL mice, respectively. The LD50 values for females were nearly the same. Body temperature and brain AChE activity decreased in a dose-dependent manner following injections of DFP of 3.17, 4.22, 5.28, and 6.33 mg/kg. Maximum temperature depression occurred 2 hours after DFP administration; by 24 hours temperatures had returned to normal except for C57BL mice treated with the highest dose of DFP. The C57BL strain was most susceptible to the DFP-induced hypothermia, the C3H strain was the most resistant, and the DBA strain was intermediate. Maximum temperature depression and residual AChE activity, as measured 24 hours after injection, were linearly related. These strain differences do not seem to be explained easily by a differential inhibition of AChE activity.     

刺五加与山楂水提物不同比例混合对小鼠抗抑郁作用的实验研究

目的 研究刺五加与山楂水提物不同比例混合对小鼠的抗抑郁作用.方法 测定不同比例混合的刺五加与山楂水提物对小鼠行为绝望、旷场实验以及脑内单胺氧化酶(MAO)的影响.此外,通过腹腔注射利血平建立小鼠抑郁症模型,测定不同比例混合的刺五加与山楂水提物对利血平效应的影响.结果 刺五加与山楂水提物采用2:1的比例混合可明显对抗小鼠行为绝望,增多小鼠旷场实验水平得分以及垂直次数,显著降低小鼠脑内单胺氧化酶活性.明显拮抗利血平效应引起的小鼠眼睑下垂及体温下降.结论 刺五加与山楂水提物采用2:1的比例混合对抑郁症有明确的治疗作用.     

Ethanol-induced depression of aggression in mice antagonized by hyperbaric exposure

The present study investigated the effect of hyperbaric exposure on ethanol-induced depression of aggressive behavior measured by resident-intruder confrontations. Adult male CFW mice (residents) were paired with females and housed together for 26 days. Then, resident mice were intubated with either ethanol (2 g/kg) or water (20 ml/kg) and were exposed to 1 atmosphere absolute (ATA) air, 1 ATA helium oxygen (heliox) or 12 ATA heliox using a within-subjects counterbalanced design. Thirty minutes after intubation an intruder was introduced. Ethanol significantly decreased aggressive behaviors (attack latency, attack bites, sideways threats, tail rattles and pursuit) in 1 ATA-treated animals. Pressure completely antagonized the depression of aggression induced by ethanol. Ethanol alone and pressure alone did not significantly affect nonaggressive behaviors. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in blood ethanol concentrations 50 minutes after intubation. These results suggest that ethanol's effects on aggressive behavior result from the same membrane actions leading to loss of righting reflex, depression of locomotor activity, tolerance and dependence.     

Sex differences in response to oral amitriptyline in three animal models of depression in C57BL/6J mice

Rationale Knockout and transgenic mice provide a tool for assessing the mechanisms of action of antidepressants. The effectiveness of oral administration of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline (AMI) was assessed in C57BL/6J (B6) mice, a common genetic background on which knockout and transgenic mice are maintained.Objectives We determined whether oral AMI would have antidepressant-like effects in B6 mice and whether these effects varied according to sex, duration of treatment, and the depression model utilized.Methods Male and female B6 mice were administered AMI (200 g/ml) in the drinking water as the sole source of fluid, along with 2% saccharin to increase palatability. Control mice were administered 2% saccharin alone. Mice were assessed for responsiveness to AMI in the tail suspension test (TST), the forced swim test (FST), and the learned helplessness (LH) paradigm.Results In the TST, AMI decreased immobility time regardless of sex or duration of treatment. AMI also decreased immobility time in the FST, but chronic treatment was necessary for full efficacy in both sexes. In the LH paradigm, both subchronic and chronic AMI treatment decreased escape latencies in female mice, but AMI was effective only after chronic treatment in males. The antidepressant-like effects of AMI could not be explained by differences in locomotor activity because activity levels were not altered by antidepressant treatment.Conclusions Overall, oral AMI administration provides a valid model for behavioral assessment of antidepressant-like effects in knockout and transgenic mice maintained on a B6 background, but the effectiveness of oral AMI varies depending on sex, duration of treatment, and the depression model used.     

Effects of kappa-opioid receptor agonists on locomotor activity and memory processes in mice

The effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonists tifluadom, bremazocine and U-50,488 on locomotor activity (test: toggle-floor box) and memory (test: passive avoidance) were assessed in C57BL/6 (C57) and DB/2 (DBA) mice. The drugs administration resulted in activity depression in both strains, the effect was higher in DBA mice and was enhanced by pretreatment with haloperidol and with muscimol. Memory impairment was observed in DBA mice following posttraining administration of all drugs. This effect was enhanced by immobilization stress and decreased by familiarization with the apparatus. Memory improvement was evident in C57 mice (U-50,488 experiments). In a research carried out with CD1 mice, amygdaloid lesions decreased the memory impairing effect of U-50,488. The results are compared with those previously obtained with mu agonists and, as concerns memory, are discussed in terms of the involvement of emotional factors in mice responses to kappa agonists administration.