Clinical assessment and incidence of hepatitis C RNA in 50 consecutive RIBA-positive volunteer blood donors.

OBJECTIVES: (i) To assess evidence of liver disease in 50 consecutive volunteer blood donors who were anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) antibody positive and who were referred to one hepatologist; (ii) to assay for viral RNA in serum in these patients. SETTING: Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, a teaching hospital of the University of Sydney. PATIENTS: Fifty people who were detected by the NSW Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service to be anti-HCV antibody positive and to have a positive result on recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) were assessed by one hepatologist for symptoms, signs and biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction. These patients were consecutive referrals from this source. Sixteen of these patients also consented to liver biopsy assessment. All patients had serum assayed for viral RNA by polymerase chain reaction with a combination of 3' and 5' primers. RESULTS: The 50 blood donors consisted of 28 men and 22 women, with a mean age of 34.5 years. Forty-six patients were asymptomatic. Only six had a past history of hepatitis while 14 had minor signs of chronic liver disease. In 28, injecting drug use was thought the most likely source of exposure to HCV. The minimal mean time since exposure to HCV in these patients was 8.8 +/- 5.2 years. Eight patients had received a blood transfusion at a mean time of 15.0 +/- 9.8 years from the time of consultation. The mean maximum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in all 50 patients was 102.8 U/L. Five patients had persistently normal ALT levels; another 22 had at least one normal ALT level. Liver biopsies indicated chronic persistent hepatitis in 11 patients, mild chronic active hepatitis in three patients and more severe chronic active hepatitis in one. One patient had cirrhosis on biopsy. Forty-two patients had viral RNA detected in serum. CONCLUSION: Chronic infection with HCV in blood donors was invariably asymptomatic; 78% of patients had no signs of chronic liver disease and 68% had a maximum hepatic transaminase level of less than 100 U/L. Although severe liver disease was seen in two of 16 biopsies, the majority of these patients have mild liver disease despite a mean of about 10 years since exposure to the virus. Eighty-four per cent of patients had evidence of viral RNA in serum.     

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Chinese patients with viral hepatitis and hepatic failure.

Anti-HCV assay with ORTHO kits was done in 100 blood donors and recipients and 374 cases of viral hepatitis, including 65 cases of fulminant, subacute and chronic hepatic failure. None of the 100 blood donors and recipients showed positive anti-HCV response. Anti-HCV was positive in 7.6% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 9.7% of the patients with chronic active hepatitis and 23.1% of the patients with liver cirrhosis. High prevalence of anti-HCV was observed in subacute hepatic failure (60.8%) and chronic hepatic failure (53.9%). Fifty-two (83.9%) of 62 anti-HCV positive cases were infected concurrently with HBV. The incidence of HBV replicating marker in patients with HCV or co-infected with HBV was lower than that of those with HBV alone. It is suggested that HCV might inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus. The mortality rate of patients with anti-HCV positive hepatic failure was higher than that of those with HBV infection. Therefore, anti-viral therapy for anti-HCV positive hepatic failure should be considered.

     

肝病患者ADA、ALT、GGT的检测及其意义的探讨

目的 :了解肝病患者血清ADA以及ALT、GGT对肝病的诊断、鉴别诊断和预后的价值。方法 :对 113例肝病患者、2 7例正常对照者血清进行ADA、ALT、GGT检测。结果 :肝硬化组的ADA为 43 . 15± 11 .7U/L ,阳性率为 93 . 6%;慢性活动性肝炎组ADA为 3 8 . 78± 12 . 1U/L ,阳性率为 88 . 9%,与正常对照组相比升高明显 ,P <0. 0 1;急性肝炎组ADA为3 0 . 2 4± 10 . 3U/L ,阳性率为 83 2 %,与正常对照组相比也有明显升高 ,P <0 . 0 5 ;而ALT在急性肝炎中为 3 78 . 92± 114 6U/L ,阳性率为 10 0 %,明显高于正常对照组 ,P <0 0 1。GGT在急性肝炎和肝硬化时升高 ,尤其在肝硬化时升高明显 ,为95 . 3± 2 2 . 1U/L ,阳性率为 68 . 6%。结论 :ADA在鉴别慢性活动性肝炎和慢性迁延性肝炎以及肝硬化方面优于ALT和GGT ,ALT在反映急性肝炎方面仍具有一定的临床意义 ,而GGT有助于判断肝硬化向肝癌方面的转变。     

乙型肝炎病毒感染与宿主淋巴细胞HLA-Ⅰ类分子关系的研究

目的：检测慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化及肝癌患者外周血淋巴细胞HLA Ⅰ、HLA Ⅱ类分子表达,并探讨其在宿主细胞免疫状态中的作用。方法：采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测51例正常人、58例慢性乙型肝炎、31例肝硬化、13例肝癌患者外周血淋巴细胞表面HLA Ⅰ、HLA Ⅱ类抗原的表达。结果：慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌患者外周血淋巴细胞HLA Ⅰ类分子平均荧光强度分别为335.80、309.78、114.04,均较正常对照组 (565.08) 降低（P<0.01）,且随病情加重逐步降低。正常对照、慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌患者HLA Ⅱ类分子表达率分别为32.50%、38.28%、42.21%、52.75%,其中肝硬化组和肝癌组与正常对照组差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,慢性乙型肝炎组和正常对照组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞HLA Ⅰ类分子表达降低,肝硬化和肝癌患者降低更为显著,这与患者细胞免疫功能紊乱密切相关。     

肝硬化及乙型肝炎患者血清肿瘤坏死因子水平的研究

采用ELISA方法检测22例肝硬化及110便乙型肝炎患者血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）含量。结果显示：肝硬化病人血清TNF水平最高;乙肝慢性迁延型,急性乙肝,乙肝慢性活动性,急性重症乙肝和慢性重症乙肝血清TNF水平则依次升高,与对照组比较均有显著性差异（P＜0．01）,并发现肝硬化和慢性重症乙肝合并腹腔感染者血清TNF水平也显著高于未合并感染者（P＜0．01）。结果揭示血清TNF水平与肝硬化和乙肝类型密切相关,血清TNF水平对肝硬化和乙肝类型的诊断,疗效判断均具有一定的参考价值。     

病毒性肝炎的临床与免疫功能的初步研究

<正> 病毒性肝炎(尤其是乙型肝炎)的免疫学研究,虽做了大量工作,但对其免疫病理机制的探讨,依然是众说纷云,问题尚待解决。本文仅就病毒性肝炎的临床转归和某些免疫功能关系的研究,作一初步分析。     

抗纤胶囊治疗慢性乙型肝炎对肝纤维化指标的影响

目的 :观察抗纤胶囊对慢性乙型肝炎病人肝纤维化的影响。方法 :选择慢性乙型肝炎患者 6 0例 ,随机分为治疗组 30例 ,对照组 30例 ,对照组采用常规保肝降酶治疗 ,治疗组在常规保肝降酶基础上给予抗纤胶囊。疗程 3月。治疗前、后分别检测肝纤维化血清学指标HA、LN、PCⅢ、C -Ⅳ。结果 :治疗组各肝纤维化血清学指标明显下降 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :抗纤胶囊可以减轻和抑制慢性乙型肝炎病人肝纤维化     

替比夫定治疗慢性HBV感染孕妇的疗效和安全性观察

目的探讨替比夫定(LDT)对控制妊娠合并慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染引起的各型肝病活动和阻断HBV母婴传播的疗效及安全性。方法对47例ALT≥2×ULN,HBeAg阳性,HBV DNA≥1×105拷贝/毫升的慢性HBV感染孕妇(42例慢性乙型肝炎、2例慢性重型乙肝、3例乙肝肝硬化),于妊娠早期(12例)、中期(7例)、晚期(28例)在护肝对症治疗的基础上服用LDT,600mg,1次/天,新生儿出生后常规注射高效价乙肝免疫球蛋白和重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗。观察分娩前后病毒学及生化学应答率、母婴并发症发生率、HBV母婴阻断率、婴幼儿发育情况及药物不良反应。结果 47例接受LDT治疗的慢性HBV感染孕妇,分娩前HBV DNA检测不到率、HBeAg转阴率分别为89.4%和17.0%,ALT复常率为87.2%;母婴并发症发生率低;所有新生儿7个月时检测HBsAg、HBeAg均阴性,并可测得抗-HBs,HBV母婴阻断率达100%;对新生儿经7个月以上随访,均发育正常;母亲分娩后继续治疗,病情稳定。结论 LDT能快速降低慢性HBV感染孕妇的HBV DNA水平,有效地控制肝炎活动、阻断HBV母婴传播,未见婴幼儿发育异常及药物不良反应。     

The development of diabetes mellitus and chronic liver disease in long term chelated beta thalassaemic patients

We studied 29 patients with thalassaemia major who had received intensive chelation for between 6.2 and 8.8 years. All patients had normal oral glucose tolerance tests before subcutaneous chelation therapy was introduced and 22 of 29 patients had normal liver function tests. At the end of the period of study 12 patients still had normal oral glucose tolerance (7 with normal liver function tests and 5 with chronic active hepatitis). On the other hand, 11 patients had developed impaired glucose tolerance tests (3 patients had normal liver function tests, 5 with chronic active hepatitis and 3 with cirrhosis), and 6 patients had developed frank diabetes mellitus (one with chronic active hepatitis and 5 with cirrhosis). Patients with chronic active hepatitis showed 91% positivity for one or more hepatitis B markers whilst all patients with cirrhosis were positive. Ferritin levels before subcutaneous chelation in patients with normal oral glucose tolerance tests were lower than in those patients with abnormal oral glucose tolerance or diabetes (P less than 0.05) but none had normal serum ferritin levels. In addition, a positive correlation was found between glucose area under the curve after chelation therapy and serum ferritin levels (r = 0.47, P less than 0.01). It is apparent that long term chelation therapy does not prevent the development of abnormal oral glucose tolerance in chronically transfused patients. More intensive chelation therapy is needed to prevent tissue damage. Chronic liver disease may have an important role to play in the deterioration of glucose tolerance.     

肝炎组织学变化与血清Ⅲ型前胶原含量的关系──102例肝活检分析

ＲＩＡ法检测急、慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者６１６例血清Ⅲ型前胶原（ＰＣⅢ）含量。其中１０２例作肝活检，病理变化用记分法判定。结果显示：与健康人比较，急、慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者血清ＰＣⅢ明显升高，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１），其升高的血清ＰＣⅢ与肝细胞坏死范围及门管区炎症程度无相关性（ｒ＝０．４９４；Ｐ＞０．０５），而与肝纤维化程度呈密切正相关（ｒ＝０．６６８；Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示血清ＰＣⅢ含量变化是反映肝纤维化程度的特异性血清学指标。     

肝脏活检在异基因造血干细胞移植中的应用

目的评价肝脏活检在异基因造血干细胞移植（Allo—HSCT）后肝功能损害患者中的诊断及治疗意义。方法病例选自北京大学人民医院血液病研究所1999年2月至2004年1月所做的10例Allo—HSCT并接受肝脏活检的患者,男5例,女5例。年龄15～56岁（中位34．5岁）。其中白血病8例,骨髓异常增生综合征1例,重症再生障碍性贫血1例。移植方式包括非血缘骨髓移植1例,同胞全相合Allo—HSCT6例,单倍体移植1例,脐带血移植2例。预处理方案,采用全身照射加环磷酰胺2例,非全身照射方案8例。移植物抗宿主病全部采用环胞菌素A加短程甲氨蝶呤加霉酚酸酯方案。移植前供受者常规接受肝功能及乙肝、丙肝病毒检测。10例患者均接受经皮肝穿刺活检,得到肝组织标本分别经苏木素-伊红和Masson染色在光学显微镜下观察及免疫组织化学检测。结果10例患者Allo—HSCT后出现肝功能损害的时间为2～5个月,中位3．8个月。移植前7例患者HBV、HCV检测阳性,移植后仍阳性。移植前后3例患者HBV、HCV检测全部阴性,临床诊断为移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）肝损害。10例患者在出现肝功能损害时,9例伴有不同程度慢性GVHD（cGVHD）其他表现。10例患者均根据临床诊断采用初始治疗后,肝功能改善不好。分别于Allo—HSCT后4～12个月（中位5．5个月）行肝脏活检。病理结果3例肝炎病毒阴性者为cGVHD肝损害,其余7例为肝炎病毒感染合并cGVHD肝损害。3例单纯诊断为cGVHD肝损害患者,经调整抗GVHD药物后,肝功能恢复;其余7例患者采用抗病毒及调整免疫抑制剂等综合治疗,结果2例肝功能恢复并存活。5例死亡,其中2例在治疗中肝功能改善不好,因合并肺部感染死亡,3例因肝功能衰竭,肝昏迷死亡。结论Allo—HSCT后,对于临床诊断肝脏GVHD肝损害而治疗效果不好的患者,肝脏活检可起到鉴别诊断和指导进一步治疗的作用。肝炎病毒感染与GVHD肝损害合并存在者预后差。肝活检对指导治疗具有一定局限性,还需结合临床及病理制订治疗方案。     

Does hepatitis C virus play a role in "non-viral" chronic liver disease?

It has recently been suggested that the hepatitis C virus may play a significant role in chronic liver diseases, such as autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, which are usually attributed to non-viral causes. We tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in sera from 140 patients with well characterised "non-viral" chronic liver diseases as well as sera from 51 patients thought to have chronic non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis (acting as positive controls) and 25 patients with non-hepatic autoimmune disorders. As expected, 45 of 51 patients (88%) diagnosed as having chronic NANB hepatitis were anti-HCV seropositive. Among 26 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis, 8 were anti-HCV seropositive; in 5 patients (22%) there was no apparent risk factor for parenteral transmission. In the remaining 114 patients with chronic liver disease, 10 patients (9%) were seropositive for anti-HCV. However, 5 of these patients had a significant risk factor for parenteral transmission of hepatitis C virus, leaving only 5 of 106 (4.7%) with unexplained positive anti-HCV test results. Among patients with high titres of circulating autoantibodies but no liver disease, no positive results occurred. It is concluded that hepatitis C virus infection may account for some cases of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Although anti-HCV occurs more commonly in patients with other "non-viral" chronic liver diseases than has been reported in the community (0.5%-1.2%), the low prevalence of the antibodies indicates that hepatitis C virus infection is unlikely to be important in the aetiology or pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and other poorly understood chronic liver diseases.     

肝细胞内HBV DNA原位杂交的研究

应用生物素标记HBV DNA(乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸)作探针,对129例肝病患者肝组织作原位杂交研究。HBV DNA在慢性活动性肝炎中检出率最高(80.7％),显著高于肝硬化、慢性小叶性肝炎、急性肝炎及原发性肝癌组。具有乙肝复制指标阳性患者的肝细胞内HBV DNA检出率(82.0％)明显高于非复制组(63.0％),P<0.05。本研究观察到;HBB DNA阳性肝细胞与肝细胞坏死灶关系密切,多位于肝细胞坏死灶中间或(和)周边,其中以局灶型分布的HBVDNA阳性肝细胞与肝细胞坏死灶关系密切。提示HBV复制与肝细胞坏死有关。     

重型慢性活动性肝炎患者急性加重的病因探讨

为探讨慢性活动性肝炎患者急性加重的病因,对15例患者进行肝细胞内HBV DNA(乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸)原位杂交研究,同时检查血清与肝内HBV标志及肝内HDAg。发现:①60.0％(9/15)患者存在HBV活动性复制或HBV复制重新激活,观察到表达浆膜型HBcAg肝细胞多紧紧毗邻肝细胞坏死灶;②20.0％(3/15)患者肝内HBsAg或(和)HBVDNA阳性,虽无HBcAg表达,但见到浆膜型HBsAg表达或含HBV DNA肝细胞与肝细胞坏死灶关系密切的表现:③13.3％(2/15)患者有HDV二重感染;④1例患者缺乏HBV感染标志。表明慢性活动型肝炎急性加重主要与HBV活动性复制、HBV复制重新激活或HBV感染持续存在有关,其次是HDV二重感染,少数病例可能存在HAV或HCV的重叠感染。     

Arsenic and liver disease.

The hepatotoxic action of arsenic, when used as a therapeutic agent, has long been recognised. Data on liver involvement following chronic exposure to arsenic-contaminated water are scanty. The nature and degree of liver involvement are reported on the basis of hospital based studies in patients who consumed arsenic contaminated drinking water for one to 15 years. Two hundred forty-eight patients with evidence of chronic arsenic toxicity underwent clinical and laboratory examination including liver function tests and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status. Liver biopsy was done in 69 cases; in 29 patients, liver arsenic content was estimated by neutron activation analysis. Hepatomegaly was present in 190 of 248 patients (76.6%). Non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis was the predominant lesion (91.3%) in liver histology. The maximum arsenic content in liver was 6 mg/kg (mean 1.46 [0.42], control value 0.16 [0.04]; p <0.001); it was undetected in 6 of 29 samples studied. The largest number of patients with liver disease due to chronic arsenicosis from drinking arsenic contaminated water are reported. Non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis is the predominant lesion in this population. Hepatic fibrosis has also been demonstrated due to long term arsenic toxicity in an animal model. Initial biochemical evidence of hepatic membrane damage, probably due to reduction of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes, may be seen by 6 months. Continued arsenic feeding resulted in fatty liver with serum aminotransferases elevated at 12 months and hepatic fibrosis at 15 months.     

199例病毒性肝炎肝血流图观察

本文报道199例病毒性肝炎不同分型的肝血流图的型别及波型改变,提示在肝炎急性期,其差异不甚明显;慢性活动型(CAH)及慢性迁延型(CPH)小,肝血流图的型别及波型改变显著不同于正常人及急性期病人。故肝血流图的改变对判断肝炎的型别有一定的参考价值。     

Acute and subacute fulminant hepatic failure: the role of liver transplantation

OBJECTIVES: To report the experience of the Australian National Liver Transplant Unit with patients with fulminant hepatic failure and to describe the role of liver transplantation. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven patients presented with acute or subacute fulminant hepatic failure during the period from January, 1986, to March, 1990. Twenty-two had acute and five had subacute fulminant hepatic failure. The causes were hepatitis B in 10 patients, presumed non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis in eight patients, drug-induced hepatic damage in five patients, and Wilson's disease in four patients. There were 13 males and 14 females. Ages were 2-43 years (mean, 23). Twenty patients (74%) were in grade IV encephalopathy on presentation. RESULTS: Six patients (22%) began to improve soon after admission and went on to full recovery. Spontaneous recovery was more frequent in patients with drug-induced hepatic damage (four patients [80%]) and was less frequent in those with hepatitis B (one patient [10%]) and NANB hepatitis (one patient [12%]). The other 21 patients (78%) were considered for orthotopic liver transplantation. Eight (30%) were judged to be unsuitable and went on to early death. Thirteen (48%) were suitable for transplantation. Of these five (19%) died before a liver donor became available and eight (30%) received liver grafts and went on to full recovery. Overall, 14 patients (52%) survived and 13 (48%) died. Patients with Wilson's disease (four [100%]) were most suitable for orthotopic liver transplantation whereas eight (44%) of those with hepatitis B or NANB hepatitis were unsuitable. Of the eight patients receiving liver grafts one had hepatitis B, three had NANB hepatitis and four had Wilson's disease. Five were in grade IV encephalopathy at the time of operation. The mean waiting time for transplantation was 6.4 days. Five patients received ABO blood group compatible grafts and three received ABO incompatible grafts. Of the latter group, two subsequently required secondary orthotopic liver transplantation with ABO compatible grafts. All eight patients who received transplants are alive and well 3-24 months after the operation. No patient has any neurological sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Orthotopic liver transplantation is a preferred option for patients with fulminant hepatic failure whose condition is not responding to conservative management. ABO incompatible livers transplanted in emergency circumstances may prove life-saving either by functioning successfully or by providing time during which ABO compatible grafts become available.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

重组干扰素的α-2b治疗慢性活动性乙型病毒性肝炎的疗效观察

应用重组干扰素α-2b对20例慢性活动性乙型病毒性肝炎患者进行了临床对照研究。治疗组10例采用IntronA5mu,每周3次,皮下注射,疗程12周、其中8例治疗前应用短程皮质激素撤除疗法。对照组10例采用常规护肝药物。在随访1年时,治疗组8例症状消失,ALT持续正常水平,2例各有一次复发,症状再现,ALT升高,85.7％(6/7)HBeAg血清转换为抗HBe,30％(3/10)HBV-DNA阴转。对照组仅5例临床症状消失,ALT持续正常水平或基本正常,5例出现9次复发,症状再现,ALT升高,28.6％(2/7)HBeAg自发阴转,但无1例抗-HBe阳转,10％(1/10)HBV-DNA阴转。重组干扰素治疗期间副反应均可耐受,且呈可逆性改变。结果提示应用短程皮质激意撤除疗法与重组干扰素联合治疗方案是目前治疗我国慢性活动性乙型病毒性肝炎的最有效方法。     

慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植50例报告

目的:总结慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植治疗的临床经验。方法:回顾分析了50例慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植的临床资料及随访结果。结果:50例患者中术前肝功能状态全为Child C级;MELD指数平均为30;术前不同程度肝性脑病者占44%(22/50);术前腹腔感染占30%(15/50);术前肝肾综合征占40%(20/50);术前行人工肝支持治疗25例,共35例次;术前消化道出血8例,占16%;术前乙肝病毒活跃复制状态30例,占60%。全组围手术期死亡(术后30天内死手亡)6人,占12%;主要术后并发症按顺序排列如下:肺部感染25例占50%;多器官功能衰竭(MOF)10例,占20%,无原发性肝无功能,无血管系统并发症。围手术期(30天以内)生存率88%,一年生存率80%。用拉米呋啶加乙肝高价免疫球蛋白预防乙肝复发,平均随访12个月无一例乙肝复发。结论:慢性重症肝炎肝移植受体术前肝功能状态极差,多伴有全身各器官系统功能损害及内环境失调,术前应尽可能争取时间改善内环境和各器官系统功能,包括针对性地使用人工肝支持技术,术中注意凝血功能改善及尿量的维持,缩短手术时间;术后加强对肝、肺、肾功能的强化支持治疗,合理使用免疫抑制剂;有效预防和治疗肺部感染及二重感染。注意上述各个环节,慢性重症乙型肝炎肝移植治疗可获得满意的临床效果。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织及外周血单核细胞内IFN-α/β受体的表达及其临床意义

目的 慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织的炎症程度是影响干扰素应答率的独立因素,本研究的目的 系从干扰素受体的角度来探讨其机制,此外了解外周血单核细胞干扰素受体与慢性乙型肝炎感染的关系.方法 采用链霉抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法,检测15健康对照、16例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞及另外21例慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织内的干扰素受体的表达并进行定量分析.结果 15例健康对照、16例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞干扰素受体的表达量分别为(21.4060±4.7658)、(23.8365±3.3329)(P=0.374);另外21例慢性乙型肝炎患者根据肝脏病理的炎症程度分为3组G1(5.6913±1.8422)、G2(7.4706±5.3572)、G3(25.1307±7.0700)(P=0.000).结论 慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织内干扰素受体的表达量与肝组织的病理炎症程度相关,可能是其对干扰素应答率高的原因,而外周血单核细胞干扰素受体的表达与HBV感染无关.