浙江省副溶血性弧菌污染水平及贝类海产品风险评估

摘要 ：目的 在研究浙江省各类食品中副溶血性弧菌污染水平的基础上,进行贝类海产品副溶血性弧菌感染风险评估。方法 对2215件市售食品用科玛嘉弧菌显色培养基分离副溶血性弧菌,并用API 20E鉴定条鉴定;用Ross Ranger-Sumner软件进行贝类海产品副溶血性弧菌感染风险评估;用PCR方法进行毒力基因检测。结果 副溶血性弧菌检出率鲜(活)海水产品为43.06 %、生/半生食海产品为32.52 %、鲜活淡水产品为22.22 %、生畜肉为13.52 %、生禽肉为11.44 %、散装熟肉制品为3.44 %、中式凉拌菜为2.98 %、生食蔬菜为2.10 %、鲜奶蛋糕为2.08 %。8月-10月副溶血性弧菌检出率显著高于4月～6月（P=0<0.01,x2=46.445）。农贸市场采集的食品副溶血性弧菌检出率显著高于超市（P=0.001<0.01,x2=10.252）。tdh毒力基因携带率为3.66 %（3／82）,trh基因全部阴性。生食或半生食牡蛎等贝类海产品副溶血性弧菌感染风险系数分别为50（生食）和48（半生食）,每年因食用牡蛎等贝类海产品导致副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病的人数为4.42×104人（生食）和2.21×104人（半生食）,如果烹饪彻底,风险系数降可至零。结论 浙江省各类食品中副溶血性弧菌污染问题突出,防止食品间交叉污染,不生食半生食海水产品,即食食品食用前加热处理是减少副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病发生的最有效方法。     

细菌感染性腹泻2380例临床及病原学分析

目的 了解细菌感染性腹泻的临床及病原学特点.方法 回顾性分析1998年至2007年复大学附属金山医院感染性腹泻患者2380例的临床及细菌学特点.计数资料行X~2检验.结果 10年间因腹泻就诊的20 169例患者中,2380例粪细菌培养阳性,包括副溶血弧菌感染2247例,占94.4%,志贺菌属感染99例,占4.2%,沙门菌属感染29例,占1.2%,溶藻弧菌感染3例,致病性大肠埃希菌感染2例.因腹泻就诊者在每年6至10月多见,副溶血弧菌感染主要表现为腹痛、腹泻、恶心、呕吐,可伴有脱水,志贺菌属感染主要表现为发热、腹痛、腹泻.结论 上海市金山区细菌感染性腹泻患者粪细菌培养阳性率不高,仍以副溶血弧菌、志贺菌属为主要致病菌.     

The prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its antibodies in seafood handlers in Mérida, Yucatán

We report the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and of antibodies against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the feces and serum of fish and seafood handlers in the city of Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. Between March 1 and August 31, 1989, we studied 81 feces samples and 81 serum samples from an equal number of handlers. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not isolated in any of the feces studied. We found no statistically significant differences upon comparing our zero per cent isolation in feces samples with the highest percentages reported from available literature (3.85%): chi 2c = 0.36, p greater than 0.05. In two serum samples, we detected Vibrio parahaemolyticus antibodies to the degree of 2.47 per cent. We found no statistically significant differences upon comparing our 2.47 per cent prevalence of serum antibodies with the 10 per cent prevalence reported in a study done by Molina García, et al: chi 2c = 0.10, p greater than 0.05. The estimation interval with a confidence level of 95.00 per cent for the percentage in the population of fish and seafood handlers with Vibrio parahaemolyticus antibodies is 0.94% less than or equal to p less than or equal to 4.00%. We conclude that either the asymptomatic carrier stage does not exist, or that it is of a very short duration. On the other hand, based upon our 2.47 per cent serum-positive prevalence, we conclude that there exists both contact with, and infection from, Vibrio parahaemolyticus in fish and seafood handlers.     

小鼠动物毒性试验、神奈川溶血试验以及tdh试验对副溶血性弧菌致病性检测有效性的研究

目的比较小鼠动物腹腔注射、灌胃、神奈川溶血实验以及荧光tdh基因PCR反应对副溶血性弧菌致病性检测的有效性。方法采用四种方法,对分离自腹泻者、水产品及自然水体中的菌株测定阳性率,以精确卡方统计比较结果。结果tdh反应可区分腹泻者来源菌株阳性率为90.0%,水产品来源阳性率为9.62%,自然水体来源阳性率为7.32%, P<0.001。结论荧光tdh 基因PCR反应可有效应用于致病性菌株检测。     

Detection of tdh and trh genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Corbicula moltkiana prime in West Sumatera, Indonesia

The occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw Corbicula moltkiana Prime from Lake Singkarak and Pasar Raya Padang market and in cooked samples in West Sumatera, Indonesia, was studied. Thirteen raw and seven cooked bivalve samples were positive using CHROMAgar Vibrio medium. All 47 V parahaemolyticus isolates were positive for toxR gene but negative for trh. However, 36% (17/47) of V parahaemolyticus strains were positive for tdh gene. Antibiotic profiling showed that 76% and 38% of isolates from raw and cooked bivalves respectively were resistant to ampicillin. Using RAPD-PCR analysis, most of the strains were clustered according to their source of isolation but some of the strains from raw and cooked samples were clustered together. These results indicate that pathogenic V parahaemolyticus isolates are present in Corbicula moltkiana Prime in West Sumatera, Indonesia, suggesting that V parahaemolyticus may also be present in seafood in other regions of Indonesia.     

副溶血性弧菌VBNC的诱导及其免疫捕获PCR检测

目的研究一种适用于副溶血性弧菌活的非可培养状态(VBNC)的检测方法。方法将副溶血性弧菌VPL4-90悬浮于陈海水中,利用低温条件诱导VBNC状态,42d后取样,进行AOAC法观察、DVC法观察、PC计数及国标法检测等;以诱导后菌体为抗原,制备兔抗VBNC血清,用于免疫捕获PCR检测。结果进入VBNC状态的细菌缩小成球形,大部分仍然是活菌,但不能形成菌落;国标检测方法未能使进入VBNC状态的细菌得到分离培养;利用抗血清捕获VBNC菌体后对副溶血性弧菌的tlh基因进行PCR扩增,检测到副溶血性弧菌VBNC。结论制备的抗血清对VBNC菌体具有富集作用;建立的免疫捕获PCR法可应用于对副溶血性弧菌VBNC的检测。     

Prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood from restaurants in the city of Mérida, Yucatán

We report the prevalence of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw (11.54%), insufficiently cooked (0.00%) and partially cooked with heat (4.55%) sea foods, from restaurants of the city of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. We studied 190 samples from March to August 1987. We isolated 12 strains (6.32%) from an equal number of samples, whose biochemical characteristics corresponded with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. We didn't find significant statistically differences when we compared the prevalences of the samples of raw and insufficiently cooked sea foods (chi 2 = 0.03, p greater than 0.05), of raw and partially cooked with boiled sea foods (chi 2 = 1.96, p greater than 0.05), and of insufficiently heated and partially cooked with heat sea foods (chi 2 = 0.24, p greater than 0.05). When we compared the prevalences of the samples of crustaceans and mollusks, of crustaceans and fishes, and of mollusks and fishes, we didn't find significant statistically differences: chi 2 = 0.022, p greater than 0.05; chi 2 = 0.52, p greater than 0.05 and chi 2 = 1.78, p greater than 0.05, respectively.     

Enteropathogenic bacteria and enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ready-to-eat foods in Khon Kaen, Thailand

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat food in the Municipality of Khon Kaen, Thailand. Four categories of 186 food samples were collected: (1) high heat food; (2) low heat food; (3) no heat food; and, 4) on-site prepared fruit juices and beverages. Of the food samples, 145 (78%) failed to meet acceptable microbiological standards, including fruit juice and beverages (100%), no heat food (91.7%), low heat food (81.7%) and high heat food (57.9%). The most frequent bacterial indexes indicating unacceptability were the most probable number (MPN) of coliforms (78%), the bacterial colony count (58%), and the MPN of E. coli (46%). Pathogenic bacteria were found in 6.5% of food samples. Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae non O1 and Aeromonas hydrophila were found in 4.3, 1.6 and 0.5% of the total food samples, respectively. The serovars of Salmonella found in food were S. Derby, S. Give, S. Krefield, S. Paratyphi B, S. Verchow, S. Lexington and S. Senftenberg. Staphylococcus aureus concentrations of >10(2) CFU/g and >10(5) CFU/g were found in 10.8% and 1.1% of the food samples. Enterotoxin types AB and A of S. aureus were found in 2.7% of the food samples. These results indicate that more than half of the ready-to-eat foods tested in Khon Kaen municipality did not meet microbiological national standards and many kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were found, suggesting food stalls may be a source of foodborne disease.     

Rapid detection of intestinal pathogens in fecal samples by an improved reverse dot blot method

AIM： To develop a new, rapid and accurate reverse dot blot （RDB） method for the detection of intestinal pathogens in fecal samples. METHODS： The 12 intestinal pathogens tested were Salmonella spp., Brucella spp., Escherichia coli O157：H7, Clostridium botulinum, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens , Vibrio parahaemolyticus , Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica , Vibrio cholerae , Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The two universal primers were designed to amplify two variable regions of bacterial 16S and 23S rDNA genes from all of the 12 bacterial species tested. Five hundred and forty fecal samples from the diarrhea patients were detected using the improved RDB assay. RESULTS： The methods could identify the 12 intestinal pathogens specifically, and the detection limit was as low as 103 CFUs. The consistent detection rate of the improved RDB assay compared with the traditional culture method was up to 88.75%. CONCLUSION： The hybridization results indicated that the improved RDB assay developed was a reliable method for the detection of intestinal pathogen in fecal samples.     

2007～2008年荆州市食源性致病菌监测分析

目的了解荆州市食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供技术依据。方法参照中华人民共和国国家标准《食品卫生微生物学检验》GB/T4789-2003（以下简称＂国标＂）以及中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所颁发的有关检测程序,对荆州市6类食品进行了沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌、大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和空肠弯曲菌的检测分析。结果在119份样品中检出致病菌20株,总检出率为16.8%,其中沙门氏菌检出率13.4%（16/119）,副溶血性弧菌检出率9.1%（1/11）,金黄色葡萄球菌检出率5.9%（1/17）,大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7检出率1.3%（1/75）,单增李斯特氏菌检出率0.8%（1/119）,未检出空肠弯曲菌。致病菌检出率最高的为生畜肉,为40.5%（15/37）,生禽肉为13.3%（2/15）,水产品为8.3%（1/12）、面米食品为11.8%（2/17）,即时食品和蔬菜沙拉均未检出致病菌。结论荆州市食品食源性致病菌生畜肉和水产品的污染较为严重,应引起有关部门的重视,以防止食源性疾病的发生。     

Shima drinking water--a bacteriological analysis

300 water samples, 60 from piped supply and 240 from 20 natural sources were analyzed bacteriologically for four important bacterial indicators every month over a period of one year. The MPN of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis were detected by multiple tube method and Clostridium perfringens was isolated using litmus milk medium. From piped water supply, only one sample was found unfit for human consumption. The plate count at 37 degrees C and 22 degrees C varied from 0.5 x 10(3) to 15 x 10(3) per ml. of water. From natural sources, MPN indices for coliforms, Esch. coli and S. faecalis varied from 3 to > 1800, 0 to > 1800 and 0 to 540 per 100 ml. of water respectively. About 1/3rd of samples showed presence of Cl. perfringens. The plate count varied from 1.0 x 10(3) to > 150 x 10(3) per ml. of water. Salmonella typhi was isolated in 1.25% samples by membrane filtration technique. The water from all the natural sources was unfit for human consumption whereas piped water supply was of good quality in general.     

Isolation of thermostable direct hemolysin producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus from food using screening by PCR in food-borne outbreaks

The producibility of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) is the most important pathogenic factor in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. TDH (+) V. parahaemolyticus is usually isolated from patients having V. parahaemolyticus food-borne disease. TDH (+) V. parahaemolyticus is, however, very difficult to isolate from food and environmental samples. In the 5 years from 2000 to 2004 in Tokyo, V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from food samples related to 67 of 227 V parahaemolyticus food-borne outbreaks. In these outbreaks, TDH (+) strains were also tried to isolate using PCR as the screening methods. TDH (+) V. parahaemolyticus strains were able to isolate from enrichment broth in which toxR and tdh genes become positive in PCR. TDH (+) strains of the same serotype with patients were able to be isolated from 23 food samples related to 11 outbreaks (16.4%); 3 outbreaks in 2000, 2 in 2001, 2 in 2002, 1 in 2003, and 3 in 2004. The serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from food were O3 : K6 (10 samples), O3 : K5 (6 samples), O1 : K25 (4 samples), O3 : K29 (2 samples), O4 : K 8 (1 sample), and O4 : K11 (1 sample). The isolation rate of the TDH (+) strain from enrichment broth differed with samples. In several samples TDH (+) strains were isolated easily only by examining 3 colonies, hence no TDH (+) strains were isolated in spite of the examination of 250 colonies. No correlation was seen between the number of V. parahaemolyticus and the isolation rate of TDH (+) strains in food samples. Screening using PCR is very effective method for isolating TDH (+) V. parahaemolyticus from food samples.     

Incidence of enteric bacterial pathogens in water found at the bottom of commercial freezers in calabar, southeastern Nigeria

Bacteriological analysis of water that accumulates at the bottom of freezers in restaurants when the power was cut in Calabar, southeastern Nigeria, was carried out using standard procedures. Mean heterotrophic bacterial counts and Escherichia coli counts ranged from 3.1 +/- 0.02 to 7.1 +/- 0.30 x 10(4) cfu/ml and 0.2 +/- 0.10 to 0.6 +/- 0.50 x 10(4) cfu/ml, respectively, indicating heavy bacterial contamination whose source was mostly fecal. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05, 0.01) in bacterial counts between freezers. Some biochemically identified enteric bacterial pathogens were Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp, enteropathogenic E. coli, Yersinia sp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae O1 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This reveals that the hygienic quality of the food items stored in the freezers and the hygienic status of the restaurants are in doubt. Infection could be going on unnoticed and thus endemicity maintained in the area. The pathogens showed alarming antibiotic resistance. The water in the freezers was a "soup" in which different species of the enteric pathogens were close to each other and could transfer drug resistance among themselves. Public health education of restaurant operators in southeastern Nigeria is recommended.     

生猪养殖环境及猪肉中金黄色葡萄菌肠毒素基因分布研究

目的 了解猪养殖场和市售生鲜猪肉分离的金黄色葡萄球菌的肠毒素基因携带情况。方法 采用PCR方法检测sea、seb、sec、sed、see、seg、seh、sei、sej、sek、sel、sem、sen、seo、sep、seq、ser、seu 18个肠毒素基因在金黄色葡萄球菌中的分布状况。结果从130株金黄色葡萄球菌中,共检测到94.6%(123/130)的菌株携带有肠毒素基因,以seb的检出率最高,占60.8%,其中养殖场分离的金黄色葡萄球菌55%(55/100)、市售生鲜猪肉分离的金黄色葡萄球菌80%(24/30);养殖场分离株中检测到的肠毒素基因型主要有seb+seg+sem+sen、 seg+sem、seg+sei+sem+sen、seg+sem+sen 和seb+seg+sei+sem+sen,其检出率分别为8.0%(8/100)、7.0%(7/100)、7.0%(7/100)和6.0%(6/100);市售生鲜猪肉分离株中检测到的肠毒素基因型主要有sea+seb+see、sea+seb 、seb+see和sea+see+sem,其检出率分别为30%(9/30)、10%(3/30)、10%(3/30)和6.7%(2/30)。养殖场和市售生鲜猪肉分离株中均未检测到sed、sej、seo、sep、seq、ser和seu基因。结论 猪养殖场和市售生鲜猪肉分离的金黄色葡萄球菌均有携带肠毒素基因,且在型别上有一定的差异,可能存在不同的污染来源,这对监控猪养殖场和市售生鲜猪肉中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染及肠毒素基因的携带状况具有一定意义。     

青岛市售养殖海水虾中副溶血性弧菌的分离及耐药性分析

目的 对青岛市售养殖海水虾中副溶血性弧菌进行分离鉴定,并对分离菌株进行耐药性分析。方法 以常规培养法分离,全自动细菌鉴定仪进行鉴定,PCR扩增法检测毒力基因,K-B法进行药敏试验。结果 样品的副溶血性弧菌检出率为78.1% (50/64),所有菌株均不含tdh基因,其中3株菌含trh基因,所有菌株对头孢拉啶耐受,96%菌株对氨苄西林和阿莫西林耐受,部分菌株对头孢呋新钠、链霉素、四环素、土霉素和复方新诺明耐受,少量菌株出现耐受3类抗生素以上的多重耐药性。结论 青岛市售养殖海水虾中副溶血性弧菌存在较严重的污染和一定程度的耐药情况。     

副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素DAS-ELISA检测方法的建立北大核心CSCD

目的建立副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素的双抗体夹心ELISA(double antibody sandwich ELISA,DAS-ELISA)检测方法。方法本研究通过PCR技术扩增副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素基因序列,并将其克隆至pET-28a载体后进行原核表达,对表达蛋白进行纯化和鉴定,随后用高纯度的重组蛋白免疫新西兰白兔制备多克隆抗体,得到抗体后利用分子互作测定抗体的亲和力,并利用该抗体建立检测副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素的DAS-ELISA方法。通过棋盘法对该方法的反应条件进行优化,建立标准曲线,并对建立的DAS-ELISA方法进行性能评价及初步应用。结果本实验制备的多克隆抗体亲和力可达1×10^(-8),使用该高亲和力抗体建立的DAS-ELISA方法灵敏度为78 ng/mL,定量范围为78~312 ng/mL;与创伤弧菌溶细胞毒素(Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin,VVH)、产气荚膜梭菌α毒素(Clostridium perfringensαtoxin,CPA)以及产气荚膜梭菌ε毒素(epsilon toxin,ETX)均无交叉反应;利用扇贝、花蛤和魁蚶制备海鲜模拟样本,在上述3种模拟样本内添加重组蛋白构建标准曲线,评价本方法复杂基质中检出能力时发现灵敏度均并未发生改变;同时在上述3种模拟样本中添加菌液上清评价本方法检测天然毒素能力,检出率为100%。结论成功构建了一种用于副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素检测的DAS-ELISA方法,该方法特异性强、灵敏度高,适用于复杂基质检测,有望开发成副溶血弧菌耐热直接溶血素快速诊断试剂盒,具有良好的应用前景。     

Surveillance of various enteropathogenic bacteria from diarrheal cases during 1989-1999 in Kobe City]

Incidence of various enteropathogenic bacteria was examined from diarrheal faecal samples that were collected from the patients of Kobe City General Hospital and some station hospitals (23,862), and from overseas travelers (2,855) over a period of decade (1989-1999) in Kobe. A total of 1,580 strains were isolated from domestic and 331 strains from overseas travelers. The results are as follows. 1) Thirteen kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from domestic diarrheal cases (6.6%). Salmonella was the most predominant bacteria followed by Campylobacter, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella. 2) Eleven kinds of enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from overseas diarrheal travelers (11.6%). The most frequently isolated species was Salmonella, followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Shigella and Plesiomonas shigelloides. 3) Of Salmonella strains isolated from domestic and overseas diarrheal cases, serovar Enteritidis was the most predominant. Other frequent serovars in both cases were Typhimurium, Tennessee, Hadar, Infantis, Blockley and Montevideo. 4) Antibiotics resistant rate of the isolated Salmonella strains was 42.6% for domestic samples and 29.3% for overseas diarrheal cases. In domestic cases. Enteritidis was resistance to streptomycin only and the multiple antibiotic resistance was observed in Typhimurium serovars. In overseas samples, the multiple antibiotic resistance was seen in a few Typhimurium, Anatum and Blockley strains. 5) Among Shigella, S. sonnei was isolated from both domestic and overseas cases. The frequency of acquiring infection was the highest in India, followed by Indonesia, Thailand and Nepal. 6) With reference to the incidence of the members of the genus Vibrio, Aeromonas and Plesiomonas, V. parahaemolyticus were abundant from domestic samples where as V. parahaemolyticus, P. shigelloides, Vibrio cholerae non-O1 and Vibrio cholerae O1 were isolated more frequently from overseas samples. The frequency of acquiring infection was the highest in Thailand, followed by Indonesia and India.     

Frozen vs. nonfrozen bone marrow for autologous transplantation in lymphomas: A report from the Spanish GEL/TAMO Cooperative Group

Summary To investigate the impact of frozen and nonfrozen bone marrow on engraftment kinetics and disease outcome, 94 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) autografted with frozen marrow (F group) were retrospectively compared with 38 who received marrow stored at 4° C or 10° C (NF group). The major end points of this study were time to hematopoietic recovery and early toxicity; disease response, diseasefree survival (DFS), and relapse rate were also analyzed. Upon comparison of the NF and F groups, no significant differences were found in the period of time required to achieve a granulocyte count higher than 0.5×10⁹/l (20 and 22 days, respectively,p=0.47) or a platelet count higher than 20×10⁹/l (28 and 27 days, respectively,p=0.54). In addition, both groups behaved similarly in respect to toxic death (NF group 13%, F group 22%,p=0.36), response rate (complete remission rate 78% in both groups), DFS (NF group 48%, F group 49%,p=0.66), and relapse rate (NF group 30, F group 19%,p=0.37). This study confirms that nonfrozen bone marrow is useful to support patients with NHL treated with myeloablative therapies.The activities of the Spanish Cooperative Group for Bone Marrow Transplants in Lymphomas (GEL/TAMO) are kindly supported by a grant from AMGEN, S.A., Spain     

Symptoms of food-borne diseases and gastroenteritis in Kyushu, Japan

In this study we analyzed the symptoms of gastroenteritis or food-borne disease caused by the 10 most prevalent pathogens: Norovirus, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), Shigella sonnei/flexneri (Shigella), Staphylococcus aureus, and emetic-type Bacillus cereus. The symptoms diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and headache, and the incubation period in 646 cases in 10 districts of Kyushu between January 2000 and December 2004 were recorded. The pathogen with the shortest mean incubation period was B. cereus (0.8 h), and was followed by S. aureus (3.3 h), C. perfringens (10.7 h) and V. parahaemolyticus (16.4 h). All the patients infected with B. cereus and S. aureus developed symptoms within 6 hours, and those infected with V. parahaemolyticus and C. perfringens developed symptoms within 24 hours. Bloody diarrhea was associated with STEC and Shigella, but rare with other pathogens. Vomiting was associated with almost all cases of S. aureus and B. cereus infection, and occurred in 71.5% of the Norovirus cases and 56.1% of the V. parahaemolyticus cases. Vomiting was less common in the C. perfringens (22.0%) and the ETEC and STEC (both about 5%). Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting were statistically significantly more common with STEC 0157 infection than with STEC non-0157 infection. Since the cases analyzed in this study included all degrees of illness, mild to severe, and a wide range of ages, the information obtained will serve as a good reference material for administrative and laboratory work when an outbreak takes place.     

江苏省部分地区淡水产品中弧菌菌群及其致病性分析

目的 了解江苏省市场上淡水产品中弧菌的菌群组成及其致病性。方法 对采集的江苏省部分地区淡水产品样本经TCBS培养基分离、纯化弧菌分离株,应用特异性基因tlh、HSP60以及16S rDNA PCR方法鉴定;并检测致病基因、溶血性和引起小鼠肠积水能力分析其致病性。结果 江苏省部分地区55份淡水产品中分离出细菌分离株256株,分别是副溶血弧菌占74.55%、溶藻弧菌占85.45%、哈维氏弧菌占9.1%、河口弧菌占3.6%、麦奇尼科夫弧菌占5.5%、天蓝色弧菌占3.6%株、产钠弧菌占1.8%和重氮养弧菌占1.8%。所有分离株均未检出致病相关基因tdh、trh;15.02%分离株有溶血性(KP⁺);大部分KP⁺分离株能引起小鼠肠积水。结论 江苏省淡水产品中弧菌菌群呈现多样性分布,副溶血弧菌和溶藻弧菌是主要菌群;不同地区和不同样品中的弧菌菌群和检出率有较大差异,沿海地区的检出率明显高于内陆地区,鱼、虾中弧菌的检出率和弧菌种类明显高于贝、蟹。致病性分析说明小部分分离菌株可能具有潜在的致病性