溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗死患者QT离散度影响的研究

目的:观察急性心肌梗死患者溶栓治疗后QT离散度的动态变化,探讨其在判断溶栓再通中的临床价值。方法急性心肌梗死患者50例应用尿激酶150万单位进行溶栓治疗,在溶栓前、溶栓开始后0.5、1、1.5、2、3、4、5、6小时分别记录12导联同步心电图,计算各时段QTd,溶栓后根据再通情况分为再通组和非再通组进行组间比较。结果:溶栓后0.5、1、1.5小时再通组QTd呈上升趋势,之后QTd明显下降,至溶栓后6小时达低谷。未通组溶栓前后QT离散度变化趋势不明显。溶栓后0.5、1、1.5小时再通组QTd明显高于未通组,2小时~6小时再通组QTd明显低于未通组(P<0.01)。结论急性心肌梗死溶栓再通过程中QTd发生了动态性变化,QTd可作为观察溶栓和再灌注效果的一个有效指标。     

QT离散度在急性心肌梗死中的临床意义

目的探讨QT离散度(QTd)在急性心肌梗死中对室性心律失常的判断价值及静脉溶栓治疗对其的影响。方法将80例急性心肌梗死患者分为室性心律失常组与非室性心律失常组,根据溶栓是否再通分为溶栓再通组和溶栓未通组,测量每例患者QT离散度并进行比较。结果室性心律失常组与非室性心律失常组比较,室性心律失常组QTd明显延长,(P<0.05),急性心肌梗死中溶栓再通组比溶栓未通组的QTd明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论 QTd可作为判断急性心肌梗死近期预后及溶栓成功的临床参考指标。     

静脉溶栓对急性心肌梗死患者QT间期离散度的影响

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者静脉溶栓对QT间期离散度(QTd)的影响.方法 34例AMI患者分为溶栓再通组、未通组及非溶栓组,测定其溶栓前后的QTd,并与非溶栓组QTd比较.结果 AMI患者溶栓前溶栓组QTd(83.28±11.15)ms,与非溶栓组(84.25±11.23)ms,差异无显著性(P＞0.05),溶栓治疗再通后,QTd明显减少.溶栓未通组及非溶栓组(48.43±7.12)ms,(49.11±8.29)ms,显著高于溶栓再通组(39.21±6.23)ms(P＜0.05),室性心动过速(VT),心室颤动(VF)及猝死组(95.81±9.52)ms的QTd明显长于无VT,VF及非猝死者(75.97±9.33)ms,(P＜0.05).结论 急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓再通后,随心肌缺血改善,QTd明显改善,室性快速心律失常发生率降低.     

急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗对QT离散度的影响及其意义

目的：探讨溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗死QT离散度的影响和意义。方法：41例急性心肌梗死患经溶栓治疗后分为溶栓再通组和溶栓未通组,分析溶栓前及溶栓后12－24h,2-4d和5－7d的ECG,测算QT,QTd,QTc和QTcd。结果：溶栓治疗前、后,再通组和未通组之间QT和QTc差异均无显性;溶栓再通组,溶栓治疗12h以后QTd和QTcd均较溶栓前明显减小;溶栓未通组,溶栓后5－7dQTd和QTcd才明显减小;溶栓后的1wk时间内,再通组QTd和QTcd均未通组明显减小。结论：成功的溶栓能减小急性心肌梗死的QTd,缩短QTd减小所需的时间。溶栓后QTd减小可能反映了顿抑或晕厥心肌的“苏醒”。     

急性心肌梗死病人溶栓治疗前后QT离散度的变化

目的　观察急性心肌梗死 (AMI)病人溶栓治疗前后QT离散度 (QTd)动态变化及早期再灌注对QTd的影响。②方法　对 34例AMI病人给予静脉溶栓治疗 ,于溶栓治疗前后同步记录 12导联心电图 ,计算QTd .③结果　AMI组溶栓治疗前QTd与正常对照组比较明显增高 (t=18.70 0 ,P <0 .0 0 1) ;血管再通组QTd较血管未通组降低程度更大、速度更快 (t=3.46 8,3.473,P <0 .0 1) ,溶栓 3h后QTd较溶栓前即明显降低 (t=4.195 ,P <0 .0 0 1)。④结论　成功的溶栓治疗 ,尽早地恢复血流再灌注 ,可明显降低QTd .     

链激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的效果

1目的　探讨链激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的效果。2方法　给予 2 3例急性心肌梗死病人 15 0万单位链激酶行静脉溶栓治疗 ,根据临床血管再通指标 ,比较溶栓开始不同时间 (<6 h和 6～ 12 h)和不同的给药速度 (30 m in和 6 0 min滴完 )对疗效的影响。通过择期冠状动脉造影 ,比较临床再通组与未通组冠脉再通率。通过超声心动图及左室造影 ,比较再通组与未通组心功能。3结果　 6 h内溶栓血管再通率 6 8.4% ,6～ 12 h溶栓血管再通率5 0 .0 % ,两者比较差异有显著意义 (χ2 =8.11,P<0 .0 1) ;两种给药速度血管再通率差异无显著意义 (χ2 =0 .0 3,P>0 .0 5 )。左室造影示再通组心功能明显好于未通组 (t=3.2 1,P<0 .0 1)。4结论　链激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死安全有效。     

小剂量重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂治疗急性心肌梗死的临床观察

目的 :探讨小剂量 ( 50mg)重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (rt PA)静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死(AMI)的疗效及安全性。方法 :90min内静脉注射rt PA50mg治疗AMI 116例 ,依据临床指标判断再通。应用超声心动图比较再通组与未通组的心功能。结果 :冠脉再通率、出血发生率及住院期间再梗死率分别为78 4 % ( 91/116)、14 7% ( 17/116)和 5 2 % ( 6/116) ,再通组心功能明显好于未通组 (P <0 0 1) ,5w病死率再通组 1 1%显著低于未通组 8 0 % (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :小剂量rt PA静脉溶栓可获较高冠脉再通率 ,明显改善心功能 ,降低病死率、出血并发症及医疗费用。     

急性心肌梗死治疗前后QTd QTcd的演变及临床意义

目的观察162例急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人治疗前后4周QTd、QTcd的演变。方法162例AMI病人分成静脉溶栓再通组、静脉溶栓未通组及未溶栓组,在溶栓前及溶栓后2、12、24 h、2~7 d、14 d、21 d、28d同步记录12导联心电图,测量QTd、QTcd进行对照。结果AMI静脉溶栓再通组与静脉溶栓未通组及未溶栓组QTd、QTcd有极显著性差异(P<0.001),静脉溶栓未通组及未溶栓组QTd及QTcd无显著性差异(P>0.05);3组间恶性室性心律失常的发生率分别为17.4%、56.3%和81.6%。结论成功的静脉溶栓再灌注可使QTd、QTcd显著降低,并减少恶性室性心律失常的发生。     

心电图评价急性心肌梗死溶栓疗法对梗死范围的作用

目的　应用心电图测定心肌梗死范围 (MIS) ,评价溶栓疗法的效果。方法　对 131例急性心肌梗死住院患者(溶栓组 6 3例 ,对照组 6 8例 ) ,应用ST段预测法测定、比较两组及其未通亚组MIS变化等指标。结果　治疗开始时与 2h后MIS变化 :溶栓组为 - 39.2 % ,未通亚组为 - 13.9% ;对照组为 +2 .9% ,未通亚组为 +5 .4 % ,P均 <0 .0 1。再通率 :溶栓组为5 7.1% (36 / 6 3) ,对照组为 13.2 % (9/ 6 8) ,P <0 .0 1。 4周病死率 :溶栓组为 3.2 % (2 / 6 3) ,对照组为 14 .7% (10 / 6 8) ,P <0 .0 5。结论　溶栓疗法能明显缩小MIS ,溶栓未通时也能缩小。MIS变化与再通率呈负相关 ,与 4周病死率呈正相关     

急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓前后QTd的变化及对恶性室性心律失常的影响分析

目的探讨急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓疗效对QTd的影响,QTd的变化与恶性室性心律失常的相关性。方法将128例急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓的病人分成再通组和未再通组,比较静脉溶栓前、后2小时、12小时、24小时、2~7天、14天、21天和睦周的QTd、QTcd的变化,同时比较两组恶性室性心律失常的发生情况。结果静脉溶栓再通组QTd、QTcd呈逐渐减小,恶性室性心律失常的发生率明显降低;静脉溶栓未再通组QTd、QTcd变化不大,恶性心律失常的发生率明显增高。结论1)急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓再通可降低QTd、QTcd,同时降低室性心律失常的发生。两组比较有极显著性差异。(P<0.001)2)QTd、QTcd与室性心律失常的发生具有明显的相关性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.