同型半胱氨酸、超敏C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原与2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性研究

【目的】探讨2型糖尿病合并大血管病变与血浆中的同型半胱氨酸、超敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）及纤维蛋白原的关系,并分析2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关危险因素。【方法】将2型糖尿病患者分为合并大血管病变组（n=75）与非血管病变组（n=138）,设健康对照组20例,检测三组的血浆同型半胱氨酸、hs—CRP、纤维蛋白原水平。将相关因素进行logistic多因素回归分析。【结果】2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组患者血浆同型半胱氨酸、hs—CRP及纤维蛋白原水平显著高于无大血管病变组及对照组（均P〈0．01）。Logistic回归发现同型半胱氨酸、hs-CRP、纤维蛋白原等均是2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的独立危险因素（均P〈0．05）。【结论】血浆同型半胱氨酸、hs-CRP、纤维蛋白原水平与2型糖尿病大血管病变相关,炎症可能参与了糖尿病大血管病变过程。     

血液透析患者血浆同型半胱氨酸与心血管疾病的关系

目的研究血液透析患者血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度、影响因素及与心血管疾病的关系。方法选择维持性血液透析患者65例和健康对照30例,记录患者心血管并发症,采用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸（tHcy）浓度。结果血液透析患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生率为89.2%。有心血管并发症组Ln（tHcy）明显高于无并发症组,两组Ln（tHcy）、三酰甘油、前白蛋白差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其余指标差异没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。高tHcy血症与透析间期体重增加、血浆白蛋白及三酰甘油有关。糖尿病患者心血管并发症的发病率高于非糖尿病者（P〈0.05）,有心血管并发症组和没有并发症组之间tHcy差别没有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。多因素逐步回归分析显示高tHcy血症是血液透析患者心血管疾病的危险因素,而前白蛋白是保护因素。结论维持性血液透析患者存在高tHcy血症,高tHcy是其发生心血管疾病的危险因素。     

高同型半胱氨酸血症与2型糖尿病视网膜病变的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine, Hcy）水平与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的关系. 方法 测定45例2型糖尿病（DM）患者及19例健康对照者（CON）血浆同型半胱氨酸水平,45例2型糖尿病患者分为糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）组（17例）与无视网膜病变（NDR）组（28例）,比较各组间血浆总Hcy的水平;再将17例DR组分为增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）组（9例）和背景期糖尿病视网膜病变（BDR）组（8例）,比较两组间血浆总Hcy的水平. 结果 2型糖尿病患者中DR组的血浆总Hcy水平高于NDR组及CON组（P＜0.01）,NDR与CON组比较则无显著性差异.在DR组,PDR组的血浆总Hcy水平显著高于BDR组（P＜0.01）,以正常对照组的血浆Hcy均数＋2个标准差作为高Hcy血症的诊断标准,PDR组高Hcy血症的发生率高于BDR组（P＜0.05）. 结论 2型糖尿病患者伴有视网膜病变者血浆总Hcy水平升高,其中PDR组的血浆总Hcy又高于BDR组.血浆总Hcy水平升高,可能是2型糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素之一.     

2型糖尿病伴周围神经病变患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平变化及临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的关系,并分析其临床意义。方法分别测定2型糖尿病有周围神经病变患者30例、无周围神经病变患者30例和对照组30例的血浆Hcy水平以及空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白指标。并把有周围神经病变组分为单纯感觉神经病变组和感觉神经运动神经均病变组2个亚组进行分析。结果2型糖尿病患者血浆Hcy水平显著高于对照组;2型糖尿病有周围神经病变组Hcy水平高于无周围神经病变组,感觉神经运动神经均病变亚组Hcy水平高于单纯感觉神经病变亚组。结论高Hcy水平与2型糖尿病伴发周围神经病变相关,并随着病情进展Hcy水平浓度进一步升高。     

同型半胱氨酸与2型糖尿病及其血管并发症关系的调查

目的:①观察正常糖耐量人群和2型糖尿病患者血浆总同型半胱氨酸(tHcy)水平,探讨影响血浆tHcy水平的因素;②探讨2型糖尿病患者血浆tHcy与糖尿病血管并发症之间的关系。方法:共纳入研究对象135例(其中NGT55例、T2DM患者80例),测量受试者身高、体重、计算体重指数(BMI)检测其空腹血浆tHcy水平、空腹胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、空腹及服糖后2h血糖和胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc),HOMA胰岛素敏感指数(HOMA-ISI);结果:①T2DM组平均血浆tHcy水平高于NGT组,差异有显著性(P0.01),②BMI、HbA1c、ISI与tHcy水平独立相关(P0.05)结论:①T2DM患者血浆tHcy水平明显高于糖耐量正常人;②2型糖尿病患者中BMI、血糖控制水平和ISI是血浆tHcy的独立相关因素;血浆tHcy可能是2型糖尿病大血管和微血管并发症的独立危险因素。     

2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸和D-二聚体相关性研究

[目的]探讨2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hey）和D—D二聚体（DD）水平变化及其之间的相关性。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法和全自动血凝分析透射光免疫浊度法测定2型糖尿病无并发症患者43例、2型糖尿病合并大血管病变患者47例和40例正常对照组的同型半胱氨酸和D—D二聚体含量，同时检测叶酸及维生素B12并进行对比观察。[结果]2型糖尿病患者及2型糖尿病合并大血管病变患者的血浆同型半胱氨酸和D—D二聚体水平均高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）；2型糖尿病无并发症组和伴有大血管病变组患者的Hey、DD也有显著性差异（P〈0．05），但Hey与DD两者之间无直线相关性，血浆中Hey水平与叶酸和维生素B12水平存在负相关。[结论]高Hey、DD水平及低叶酸是2型糖尿病的独立危险因素。     

糖尿病肾病患者血清同型半胱氨酸与血浆血小板颗粒膜蛋白140水平的变化

目的：观察不同阶段糖尿病肾病（DN）患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）与血浆血小板颗粒膜蛋白140（GMP-140）的变化及相关性。方法：150例2型糖尿病患者按照尿白蛋白水平分为正常蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组及临床蛋白尿组各50例,另设50名健康对照者。检测各组血清Hcy、血浆GMP-140水平。结果：糖尿病患者血清Hcy、血浆GMP-140水平均高于对照组（P均〈0.01）;微量白蛋白尿组及临床白蛋白尿组均高于正常白蛋白尿组（P均〈0.01）;血清Hcy水平与血浆GMP-140水平呈正相关（r=0.78,P〈0.05）。结论：DN患者血清同型半胱氨酸与血浆血小板颗粒膜蛋白140水平均升高,两者具相关性。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸和2型糖尿病及并发症的关系

目的研究血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）在2型糖尿病（DM）及其并发症中的变化,同时探讨叶酸（FA）、维生素B12（VitB12）与Hcy的关系。方法将57例2型DM患者分为单纯DM组（25例）和DM合并并发症组（27例）,以45名健康者作为正常对照组,测定各组血浆Hcy浓度并作比较。同时应用化学发光分析法测定各组FA及VitB12浓度。结果DM合并并发症组血浆Hcy水平高于正常对照组及单纯DM组（P〈0.01）。2型DM患者血浆Hcy与FA、VitB12水平呈负相关（r=-0.6381、r=0.6721,P〈0.05）,DM合并并发平患者血浆Hcy与FA、VitB12呈明显负相关（r=0.7622、r=-0.7896,P〈0.01）。结论高Hcy与DM慢性并发症明显相关,血浆FA及VitB12浓度是影响血浆Hcy水平的重要因素。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与Ⅱ型糖尿病各类并发症的相关性分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与型糖尿病各类并发症的关系。方法:在198例经二甲双胍控制血糖的患者中,治疗组96例同时服用叶酸和维生素B6控制Hcy,5 a后比较Hcy和糖尿病各类并发症的发病率。结果:治疗组中糖尿病合并脑部病变、合并冠心病、合并肾病病变与对照组有显著性差异且随着并发症的加重差异增大。结论:空腹血清tHcy水平是糖尿病并发症的的一个重要因素,降低糖尿病患者的血清tHcy水平对降低糖尿病的肾病、心脏病、脑部等并发症具有重要的临床意义。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸与糖尿病血管并发症的关系

<正>同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)是一种反应性血管损伤氨基酸,是心、脑血管等疾病的独立危险因素[1],并与糖尿病大血管病变明显相关,同时与糖尿病微血管病变亦有一定的相关性,本文就血浆同型半胱氨酸与2型糖尿病血管并发症的关系综述如下。1 Hcy的代谢和高同型半胱氨酸Hcy是蛋氨酸代谢的中间产物,它的生理作用     

血浆D-二聚体水平与2型糖尿病及其大血管病变关系的研究

目的通过对成人2型糖尿病、合并大血管病变以及出现大血管病变却无糖尿病的患者的血浆D-二聚体水平进行检测,比较分析。探讨D-二聚体与2型糖尿病及其大血管并发症的关系。方法选择在我院门诊及住院患者分为2型糖尿病无并发症组、2型糖尿病伴有大血管并发症组、非糖尿病大血管病变组。健康对照组选择门诊体检患者。所有受试者均进行体重指数、腰臀围比、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂以及血浆D-二聚体的检测,进行统计学分析。结果与健康对照组比较,2型糖尿病组、非糖尿病大血管病变组、2型糖尿病并发大血管病变组均明显增高,差异有显著性(P<0.05;P<0.05;P<0.01);与2型糖尿病组相比较,2型糖尿病并发大血管病变组D-二聚体明显升高(P<0.05);与非糖尿病大血管病变组相比较,2型糖尿病并发大血管病变组D-二聚体明显增高(P<0.01)。结论我们的研究显示2型糖尿病患者在未发生并发症时体内就已存在凝血、纤溶系统的失衡。而合并大血管病变的2型糖尿病患者D-二聚体明显升高,提示D-二聚体与大血管并发症之间的关系,提示体内处于血栓前状态,高凝纤溶过程参与了大血管病变的发生及发展。     

Hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic renal failure patients: relation to nutritional status and cardiovascular disease.

A moderate increase in plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is considered to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. Almost all chronic renal failure (CRF) patients have plasma concentration of tHcy that is elevated 3 to 4 times above normal. The prevalence of CVD, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition and hypoalbuminemia is high in CRF patients. Previous investigations have focused on the role of vitamin status on plasma tHcy in CRF patients, but little information exists on the influence of nutritional status and hypoalbuminemia on plasma tHcy in CRF, although a substantial fraction of tHcy (>70%) is protein-bound, mainly to albumin. Our study in patients with end-stage renal disease showed that more than 90% of the patients had elevated plasma tHcy levels, which were higher in patients with normal nutritional status than in malnourished patients. Moreover, plasma tHcy was inversely correlated with subjective global nutritional assessment (high values denote malnutrition) and positively correlated with serum albumin and protein intake. Hence, it seems likely that serum-albumin is a strong determinant of plasma tHcy in CRF patients and this may contribute to the lower tHcy levels in malnourished patients. Patients with diabetes mellitus had lower serum-albumin and plasma tHcy than non-diabetic patients, irrespective whether they were malnourished or not. Patients with CVD had lower (although still elevated) plasma tHcy levels than those without CVD. An explanation may be that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, malnutrition and hypoalbuminema, i.e. factors that decrease tHcy, was higher in patients with CVD, which may explain why they had less elevated values. Assuming that hyperhomocysteinemia carries an independent risk of CVD, this implies that almost all CRF patients are exposed to this risk. CRF patients with CVD had a higher prevalence of malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia and diabetes mellitus, which was associated with a lower plasma Hcy level. This may explain why plasma tHcy was lower (although still abnormally high) in patients with CVD than in patients without CVD. The lower tHcy levels in CVD patients do not contradict the assumption that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for CVD since almost all patients are exposed to this risk, and other factors might be present that confound the relationship between the absolute tHcy levels and CVD. Our findings imply that nutritional status and serum albumin, as well as the presence of diabetes mellitus, should be taken into consideration when evaluating tHcy as a risk factor for CVD in CRF patients.     

同型半胱氨酸检测与临床应用

目的通过检测血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）浓度,探讨Hcy与心脑血管疾病及2型糖尿病早期肾损害的关系。方法选择40～70岁的心脑血管疾病及2型糖尿病住院患者265例,健康体检健康者52例,用RocheP800全自动生化分析仪测定血浆中Hcy浓度。结果心血管病组、脑血管病组、糖尿病B组血浆Hcy水平均显著高于健康对照组（P〈0.05）,糖尿病A组虽高于健康对照组,但是差异无统计学意义。结论高Hcy血症与心血管疾病密切相关,是心血管疾病发病的一个重要危险因子;脑血管疾病与血浆Hcy呈正相关;血浆Hcy浓度随糖尿病肾病的发生及发展逐渐升高。     

MTHFR基因多态性和同型半胱氨酸在冠心病脑梗死和糖尿病中的分析

目的探讨冠心病、脑梗死、糖尿病患者亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）和血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）的关系,对三个病种的MTHFR基因型进行分析。方法收集120例冠心病,214例脑梗死,112例糖尿病患者及98例健康体检者标本,采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测MTHFRC677T基因,采用酶循环法检测血浆Hcy,比较四组MTHFRC677T基因多态性及血浆Hcy的差异。结果（1）MTHFR基因型在冠心病,脑梗死和糖尿病组与健康对照组间差异无统计学意义（P＝0．670）;（2）MTHFR基因频率在冠心病,脑梗死和糖尿病组与健康对照组间差异无统计学意义（P＝0．721）;（3）冠心病组和脑梗死组的MTHFR基因TT型患者的Hcy水平远远高于CC型和CT型患者（F＝6．212,P＝0．003;F＝44． 362,P＝0．000）。结论不同病种间MTHFR基因型和基因频率差异无统计学意义,但冠心病组和脑梗死组MTHFR基因TT型患者Hcy水平则远远高于CC型和CT型患者,差异有统计学意义。     

缺血性心脑血管病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平及其代谢相关酶基因多态性分析

目的　了解缺血性心脑血管病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)水平的变化 ,分析该变化与Hcy代谢相关酶基因变异的相关性。方法　用高效液相色谱结合荧光检测法测定 80名正常人 ,86例脑梗死 ,6 6例心肌梗死患者血浆总同型半胱氨酸 (tHcy)浓度 ,分析血浆tHcy水平与缺血性心脑血管疾病与胱硫醚 β 合成酶 (CBS)基因 844ins6 8、甲硫氨酸合成酶 (MS)基因A2 75 6G、亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因C6 77T三种Hcy代谢相关酶基因突变之间的相关性。结果　缺血性心脑血管病患者血浆tHcy水平 [脑梗死组 (19.5 9± 10 .6 5 ) μmol/L ,心肌梗死组 (2 1.13± 9.5 7) μmol/L]较正常对照组[(13.73± 4.78) μmol/L]显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;MTHFRC6 77T纯合突变者血浆tHcy水平无论在正常对照组或患者组均较野生型及杂合突变者明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。MSA2 75 6G ,CBS 844ins6 8基因突变者血浆tHcy水平差异无显著性。结论　高Hcy血症是缺血性心脑血管病的重要危险因子 ,MTHFRC6 77T纯合突变可能是导致血浆Hcy水平轻、中度增高的遗传决定簇。     

2型糖尿病患者血同型半胱氨酸与踝肱指数及微量尿白蛋白关系的研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）与踝肱指数（ABI）及微量尿白蛋白（U-mAlb）的相关性。方法将90例2型糖尿病病患者按照Hcy水平的不同分为两组：高Hcy组为血Hcy〉10.5μmol/L,低Hcy组为血Hcy≤10.5μmol/L,分别测定踝臂指数（ABI）、U-mAlb。结果高Hcy组ABI明显低于低Hcy组（P〈0.05）,Hcy与ABI呈显著负相关,而U-mAlb高于低Hcy组（P〈0.01）。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症与糖尿病患者血管病变关系密切。     

糖尿病患者血清硫酸脱氢表雄酮含量与大血管病变的关系

目的　探讨男性 2型糖尿病患者血清硫酸脱氢表雄酮 (DHEA- S)含量变化与大血管病变的关系。方法　用化学发光法测定 6 8例男性 2型糖尿病患者血清 DHEA- S含量 ,并与 30例年龄匹配的男性健康人对照。结果　糖尿病组 DHEA- S含量明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,且这种下降在糖尿病并发大血管病变时更为显著 (P<0 .0 1)。 DHEA- S含量与甘油三酯 (TG)及低密度脂蛋白 (L DL)呈负相关 ,(P<0 .0 5 )。结论　男性 2型糖尿病患者血清硫酸脱氢表雄酮含量的降低可能与大血管病变的发生有关 ,其确切的发病机理有待研究     

Carotid intima-media thickness in relation to macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: Increased carotid intima-media thickness is regarded as a marker of atherosclerosis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a high prevalence of macrovascular disease. MAIN PURPOSE: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and the presence of macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: 71 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were studied. The distal common carotid artery and carotid bifurcation intima-media thickness were measured bilaterally with high-resolution ultrasonography. The relationship between the presence of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease and carotid intima-media thickness was evaluated. RESULTS: Patients with coronary artery disease had significantly (p = 0.048) increased intima-media thickness of the distal common carotid artery. This difference ceased to be significant after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with peripheral arterial disease had a significantly higher bifurcation (p < 0.0001), distal common carotid (p = 0.03) and mean intima-media thickness (p = 0.0008) than did those without peripheral arterial disease. This difference remained significant even after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. In the multiple linear regression analysis, the presence of peripheral arterial disease, age and male gender significantly predicted bifurcation intima-media thickness, while age and the presence of peripheral arterial disease significantly predicted mean intima-medial thickness. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was related to the presence of peripheral arterial disease. This finding probably reflects morphologic and hemodynamic similarities between the two vascular beds and indicates that increased carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes may be a marker of atherosclerosis in different locations.     

血清脂联素、同型半胱氨酸、超敏C反应蛋白、胰岛素抵抗与2型糖尿病大血管病变关系的研究

[目的]探讨血清脂联素(APN)、同型半胱氨酸(tHcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)与2型糖尿病(T2DM)大血管病变的关系.[方法]将受试者分为对照组、T2DM无血管病变组(DM1组,n=45)和大血管病变组(DM2,n=65).测定血清APN、t-Hcy、hsCRP及相关指标,计算Homa IR.[结果]①单因素方差分析显示,DM2组病程、腰围(WC)、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)、Homa-IR、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、tHcy、hs-CRP等指标均显著高于DM1和对照组,而APN却显著低于其他两组(P＜0.05).②多元逐步回归分析表明WC(R2 =-0.37)、HOMA-IR(R2=-0.49)、hs-CRP(R2=-0.37)、tHcy(R2=-0.21)是影响APN的重要因素(P＜0.05).③Logistic回归分析显示血清APN、tHcy、hsCRP和HOMA-IR水平增高是糖尿病大血管病变的独立的危险因素.[结论]APN、tHcy、hsCRP、HOMA-IR参与了糖尿病大血管并发症的发生.APN可能通过减少炎症因子表达,减轻胰岛素抵抗,从而防治糖尿病大血管并发症的发生.     

Hyperhomocysteinemia and elevated ox-LDL in Tunisian type 2 diabetic patients: role of genetic and dietary factors

INTRODUCTION: Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is an emerging risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. However, its relationship with diabetes is still unclear. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between tHcy levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C-->T genotype in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) population and their relationship with oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) according to dietary habits and vascular complications. DESIGN AND METHODS: Eighty-six DM patients were compared to 120 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Associated higher tHcy levels and significantly higher ox-LDL levels (p<0.001) were found in DM patients compared to healthy subjects. Homozygosity for the T allele of MTHFR was more frequent in diabetics than in healthy subjects (12.8% vs. 7.2%) and it was associated with higher tHcy levels. Moreover, this elevated level was associated with significantly higher ox-LDL levels in DM patients with hypertension (p<0.05). Improving folate and vitamin C intakes could have beneficial effects on lowering the tHcy and ox-LDL levels. CONCLUSIONS: The interplay of genetic and dietary factors modulates the effect of homocysteine on cardiovascular risk factors.