膝关节后外侧角慢性损伤的MRI研究

目的 观察膝关节后外侧角(PLC)在慢性损伤及正常状态下的磁共振成像(MRI)表现。方法 2020年4月至2021年4月,选取本院膝关节PLC慢性损伤患者60例及同期招募的膝关节正常志愿者40例为研究对象,分别记作观察组与对照组。两组均予以膝关节PLC MRI扫描。分析比对两组组成膝关节PLC主要肌腱、韧带的MRI表现及其长度、宽度等信息。结果 对照组膝关节PLC呈现低信号强度的正常生理结构。观察组构成膝关节PLC的部分肌腱/韧带连续性中断,肌腱/韧带部分或完全肿胀,四围呈现不均一混杂信号,膝关节PLC慢性损伤呈不均一长T1、T2信号。观察组腘肌腱(PT)、腘腓韧带(PFL)、腓侧副韧带(LCL)的平均长、宽度均大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 MRI技术可清晰显示膝关节PLC慢性损伤后的形态结构特征,其主要表现为PT、PFL、LCL等软组织结构的部分或完全肿胀/断裂、信号增强等。熟悉和掌握膝关节PLC慢性损伤及正常状态下的MRI表现,有助于放射科医师临床诊断能力的提升。     

膝关节损伤的MRI诊断

目的 :分析膝关节损伤的 MRI表现及诊断价值。材料与方法 :回顾分析 2 3例经手术或关节镜证实的膝关节损伤的 MRI资料。结果 :2 3例膝关节损伤患者中 ,共 30条韧带损伤 ,MRI发现 2 9条 ,其敏感性为 96 .7% ,准确性为93.3%。 2例半月板撕裂及其他合并伤均准确显示。韧带部分撕裂的 MRI表现为韧带局灶或弥漫肿胀 ,信号增高 ,韧带完全断裂表现为韧带连续性中断。半月板损伤 MRI表现为半月板内点、片、线状高信号。结论 :MRI是诊断膝关节损伤的理想方法     

急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的核磁共振成像评价

目的评价急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的核磁共振成像(MRI)表现及诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经关节镜确诊的20例后外侧角损伤患者的MRI表现,分析韧带、肌腱等形态、走行、信号强度改变以及伴随征象。结果所有的膝关节后外侧角损伤均伴有其他结构的损伤,尤其是交叉韧带的撕裂。MRI诊断膝关节外侧副韧带损伤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为82.4%、66.7%、80%;腘肌腱损伤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别85.7%、50%、75%。结论MRI是诊断急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的理想的检查方法。熟悉后外侧角复杂的解剖结构有助于提高MRI诊断准确率。     

急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的核磁共振成像评价

目的 评价急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的核磁共振成像(MRI)表现及诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经关节镜确诊的20例后外侧角损伤患者的MRI表现,分析韧带、肌腱等形态、走行、信号强度改变以及伴随征象.结果 所有的膝关节后外侧角损伤均伴有其他结构的损伤,尤其是交叉韧带的撕裂.MRI诊断膝关节外侧副韧带损伤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为82.4%、66.7%、80%;腘肌腱损伤的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别85.7%、50%、75%.结论 MRI是诊断急性膝关节后外侧角损伤的理想的检查方法.熟悉后外侧角复杂的解剖结构有助于提高MRI诊断准确率.     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断与关节镜对照研究

目的:探讨MRI检查对膝关节韧带损伤的诊断价值,并与关节镜检查结果对照分析。方法:回顾性分析16例经手术或关节镜检查证实的膝关节韧带损伤的MRI资料,韧带损伤包括撕裂和完全断裂。结果:25条韧带损伤中,前交叉韧带损伤1l条,后交叉韧带损伤3条;内侧副韧带损伤9条,外侧副韧带损伤2条。韧带损伤MRI表现为韧带连续性中断,断端移位,边缘模糊,局灶性或弥漫性肿胀,信号增高。与关节镜诊断符合率为88‰。结论:MRI是诊断膝关节韧带损伤的理想的非创伤性检查方法。     

低场强MRI在膝关节外伤手术中的指导作用

目的:探讨低场强MRI在膝关节外伤手术中的指导作用。方法:对63例经临床手术或关节镜病理证实的膝关节外伤患者的MRI表现进行分析。结果:半月板不同程度损伤48例,MRI表现为半月板内出现线状、椭圆形、星型的高信号。前交叉韧带损伤21例,后交叉韧带损伤8例,侧副韧带损伤9例,表现为韧带的连续性中断、部分撕裂,内部出现线条样或片状异常信号。关节腔积液49例,MRI表现为关节腔内高T2加权像(T2WI)低T1加权像信号影。隐匿性骨折及骨挫伤19例,表现为骨质内条片状或大片状高T2WI信号。结论:低场强MRI在膝关节损伤的影像表现对临床手术有指导作用。     

踝关节外侧副韧带损伤MRI诊断与疗效观察

目的探讨踝关节外侧副韧带损伤MRI特征及治疗后MRI表现,并评价其临床诊断价值。方法回顾性分析106例踝关节外侧副韧带损伤的MRI图像,其中74例经手术证实,另外32例经临床诊治随访及MRI复查证实。结果踝关节外侧副韧带损伤MRI表现为:Ⅰ度,韧带肿胀,T2WI上信号增高。轻Ⅱ度与重Ⅱ度:韧带肿胀或韧带变细,韧带连续性部分中断(轻Ⅱ度撕裂小于1/2,重Ⅱ度撕裂大于1/2),T2WI信号不均匀增高。Ⅲ度连续性中断,断口不整齐,关节有较多积液。踝关节外侧副韧带损伤可以伴随其它损伤。用MRI对患者进行治疗后的追踪检查,可以采用0-Ⅲ级标准评价患者治疗效果。结论 MRI是全面评价踝关节外侧副韧带损伤及治疗效果的最佳方法,可为临床诊断和治疗提供充分的资料。     

股四头肌肌腱及髌韧带损伤的MRI诊断

目的 分析股四头肌肌腱及髌韧带损伤的MRI及诊断.方法 回顾性分析我院2007年～2010年14例行MRI检查并经手术证实股四头肌肌腱及髌韧带损伤的临床资料,分析其MRI表现.结果 MRI能显示韧带损伤及撕裂,其表现为韧带内T1、T2信号影,髌韧带扭曲;韧带断裂表现为正常韧带结构消失,可见韧带断端移位,髌骨移位;14例均伴有膝关节其他软组织或骨损伤和关节腔积液.结论 股四头肌肌腱及髌韧带损伤多为膝关节复合性损伤的一部分,其临床表现易为其他损伤所掩盖,MRI检查能提供诊断.     

MRI在膝关节交叉韧带损伤中的应用

目的:探讨MRI 对膝关节交叉韧带损伤的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析43例经手术证实的膝关节损伤病人的MRI资料.结果:本组43例病人中,单纯前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤21例(占48.84 %),单纯后交叉韧带(PCL)损伤11例(占25.58%),前、后交叉韧带同时损伤11例(占25.58%),合并胫侧副韧带损伤15例,半月板损伤15例.当韧带完全断裂时,表现为韧带连续性中断、肿胀、边缘模糊,T2WI显示断端充满高信号,同时伴有附着点的撕脱.MRI表现与手术结果的对照分析显示:完全撕裂11例,符合率100%;部分撕裂的32例中有4例与术前MR诊断存在差异.整体符合率为90.70%.结论:MRI检查能准确诊断膝关节韧带损伤,并能发现诸多并发症,是膝关节韧带损伤最佳的检查手段之一.     

前交叉韧带重建术后的MRI诊断价值

目的探讨前交叉韧带重建术后的MRI表现及其意义。方法回顾性分析25例前交叉韧带重建术后的MR图像及相关临床资料。结果25例中,移植物完整18例,表现为均质连续低或等信号,部分撕裂5例,表现为移植物局部信号增高,完全撕裂2例,1例表现为移植物连续性中断,另1例移植物呈弥漫性信号增高,7例患者在MRI检查后行术后二次关节镜检查,2例完全撕裂、3例部分撕裂MR诊断正确,2例部分撕裂假阳性。结论MRI检查可准确评价重建韧带的恢复情况,判断是否存在损伤以及有无其他可能出现的并发症。     

Posterolateral corner injuries of the knee--a review

Posterolateral corner injuries of the knee are usually associated with injuries to other structures of the knee. It is not unusual to miss this injury during the initial assessment. Undiagnosed and untreated posterolateral corner knee injury leads to significant morbidity including early osteo-arthritis of the knee. Failure to recognise and reconstruct posterolateral corner injuries is one of the important reasons for the failure of cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. In this article we have reviewed the literature regarding anatomy, biomechanics, clinical features and treatment of the posterolateral corner injuries of the knee.     

Injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral instabilities of the knee

Unlike anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, disability from isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury varies from no interference with life style to severe impairment of daily activities. Therefore, management of isolated PCL injuries remains controversial. High-energy vehicular accidents often cause more-serious PCL injuries, while less-severe injuries result from low-energy trauma including sports. The natural history and prognosis of PCL injury are correlated with the type and extent of instability and the development of degenerative changes in the knee. Indications for surgery include pain and instability of the knee. Arthroscopic single-bundle PCL reconstruction improved the function and stability of the knee with 77.4% satisfactory results in medium-term follow-up. Complete restoration of ligament stability was achieved in only 52% of knees, while 1/3 of the knees showed mild and 9.7% showed moderate residual ligament laxity. The incidence of degenerative changes was 52%, and the rate was correlated with duration of injury and severity of ligament laxity. Therefore, the significance of PCL injury has been overly simplified, and the functional disability of knees with PCL injury underestimated. Early surgical reconstruction of knees with grade III PCL injury is recommended. PCL injury is frequently associated with multiple ligamentous injuries. Combined PCL and posterolateral instabilities are serious knee injuries and frequently result in severe functional disability due to pain, instability, and degenerative changes in the knee. Unlike isolated PCL injury, there is a consensus of opinion that surgical reconstruction is indicated in knees with combined PCL and posterolateral instabilities. Commonly employed methods of reconstruction of the posterolateral corner include popliteus reconstruction, lateral collateral reconstruction or advancement, and a combination of the two. Combined arthroscopic PCL reconstruction and posterolateral reconstruction achieved 64% satisfactory (24% excellent and 40% good) and 36% unsatisfactory (24% fair and 12% poor) results over an average of 32 months of follow-up. Complete restoration of ligament stability was noted in only 44% of knees. The incidence of degenerative changes was 44%, and the rate was correlated with duration from injury to surgery and severity of ligament laxity. Despite the fact that currently employed surgical techniques only achieve modest success in restoration of ligament stability, early surgical reconstruction in knees with combined PCL and posterolateral instabilities achieved the best clinical results and a high rate of patient satisfaction.     

膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的低场MRI诊断价值

目的:探讨MRI对膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析35例膝关节前交叉韧带的MRI检查结果,并与关节镜检查结果进行对照分析,观察前交叉韧带损伤影像解剖特点和前交叉韧带损伤的MRI信号特点。MRI检查采用SE、FSE矢状位、冠状位及横断位T1WI、T2WI及STIR。结果:35例前交叉韧带损伤中,部分撕裂22例,完全性撕裂13例。MRI诊断前交叉韧带部分性和完全性撕裂的符合率分别为86.4%和100%。结论:MRI扫描是一种多平面、多序列的准确诊断前交叉韧带损伤的无创伤检查方法,为临床制订治疗方案提供可靠依据。     

Disruption of the inferior popliteomeniscal ligamentous fascicle

The superior popliteomeniscal ligamentous fascicular injury association with lateral meniscal injury has been previously documented in the literature. Both superior and inferior popliteomeniscal ligamentous injuries have demonstrated associations with lateral meniscal motion, and these ligaments can be disrupted in posterolateral corner knee injuries as well. The current case demonstrates an unusual case of isolated inferior popliteomeniscal ligamentous fascicular injury. We examine and discuss its association with the superior popliteomeniscal ligament, posterolateral corner injuries and the fascicular relationship to lateral meniscal tears.     

膝关节十字韧带损伤的低场强MRI诊断价值

目的:探讨低场强MRI对膝关节十字韧带损伤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析43例临床考虑膝关节十字韧带损伤的MRI检查结果,并与关节镜检查结果进行对照分析。结果:以关节镜检查结果为标准,MRI诊断十字韧带损伤的敏感性为88.9%,特异性为75%,准确性为86.4%。结论:低场强MRI能较准确地诊断膝关节十字韧带损伤及并发症,为临床制订治疗方案提供可靠依据。     

全关节镜下肌腱重建与切开腓韧带重建治疗膝关节后外旋转不稳定的对比

目的：对比全关节镜下腘肌腱重建技术和切开腘腓韧带重建技术治疗膝关节后外复合体损伤的临床随访结果。方法： 2003年8月至2010年12月就诊于北京积水潭医院的33例膝关节后交叉韧带损伤合并A型后外复合体损伤的患者,对所有患者行后交叉韧带重建和后外复合体重建手术（15例全关节镜下腘肌腱重建,18例切开的腘腓韧带重建）。术前和术后的膝关节稳定性评估包括膝关节应力像、KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移和胫骨外旋试验。结果： 术后所有患者均获得2年以上随访。全关节镜下腘肌腱重建组与切开腘腓韧带重建组的膝关节应力像、KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移和屈膝30°胫骨外旋试验在手术前后差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。组间对比显示,除了术前膝关节应力像和KT-1000测量胫骨最大前后向位移在两组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.014,P<0.001）,其他指标组间差异均没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。所有患者膝关节活动度没有伸直受限,两组术后屈膝受限分别为3.33°± 4.88°和3.06°± 3.38°。结论： 全关节镜下腘肌腱和切开腘腓韧带重建联合后交叉韧带重建能够显著改善膝关节后向和后外旋转稳定性,两种技术之间没有显著性差异。     

低场磁共振成像诊断膝关节外伤的价值探讨

目的 探讨低场磁共振成像在膝关节创伤性病变中的应用价值。方法对216例（其中58例X线、CT检查阴性）膝关节创伤性病变的MRI资料进行分析。结果半月板损伤126例,韧带损伤157例,骨挫伤及骨折97例,关节积液183例,关节软骨损伤152例,肌腱断裂45例。结论低场磁共振成像可以很好显示膝关节损伤后的各种表现,可作为为膝关节外伤后检查的的首选或重要手段。     

磁共振成像对膝关节半月板损伤的临床应用价值

目的分析膝关节半月板损伤的磁共振成像(MRI)表现并评价其临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析80例患者160个半月板病变的MRI表现和关节镜表现。根据半月板内部MRI信号特征将半月板损伤分为0~Ⅲ级,按照形态分型和按照损伤部位划分,并与关节镜下表现进行对比分析。结果MRI对诊断半月板撕裂的准确率为88.7%,敏感度为83.1%,特异度为97.2%。结论MRI在膝关节半月板损伤的临床诊断和治疗方面具有重要价值,可作为膝关节半月板损伤检查的重要或首选手段。