玻璃化冻融胚胎移植结局的相关影响因素

背景:由于玻璃化冷冻在国内尚未大规模应用到临床,故关于影响玻璃化冻融胚胎移植结局的相关因素尚无定论。目的:探讨辅助生殖技术中影响玻璃化冻融胚胎移植结局的相关因素。方法:对2009-01/10在武汉大学人民医院生殖医学中心接受冷冻胚胎移植的142例患者154个周期的相关资料进行回顾性统计学分析,根据患者年龄、胚胎发育时期、受精方式、子宫内膜准备方案、移植日子宫内膜厚度、移植过程是否顺利和胚胎解冻复苏后成活细胞比例进行分组,比较各类分组的胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率。结果与结论:不同年龄、受精方式、子宫内膜准备方案、子宫内膜厚度和移植过程是否顺利组间胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。受精第2天的胚胎冻融组和受精第3天的胚胎冻融组的临床妊娠率差异无显著性意义(P0.05),但受精第3天的胚胎冻融组的胚胎种植率明显高于受精第2天的胚胎冻融组(P0.05)。胚胎复苏后成活细胞比例对胚胎种植率和临床妊娠率有明显影响(P0.05)。在冻融胚胎移植周期,解冻后胚胎质量对妊娠的成功率起主要作用,准备适宜的子宫内膜厚度能提高临床妊娠率。     

不同宫腔灌注方法对种植失败患者冷冻周期妊娠结局影响的研究

目的探讨胚胎患者种植失败大于等于2次后冻融胚胎移植(FET)前行宫腔内灌人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)、集落刺激因子、单核细胞、生理盐水对妊娠结局的影响,得出最佳的宫腔灌注方法。方法使用随机对照单盲方法,选择既往胚胎RIF行FET作为研究对象,移植前2-3日行宫腔内灌注hCG?为hCG组A(67人),灌注集落刺激因子(G-CSF)组B(52人),单核细胞组C(20人),组A、B、C作为实验组,生理盐水组D(52人)为安慰剂组,未灌注组E(59人)为对照组。然后比较各组着床率、临床妊娠率、流产率、继续妊娠率等。结果临床妊娠率分别是:58.20%、53.84%、55.00%、53.84%、35.60%;继续妊娠率分别为:50.74%、50.00%、50.00%、44.23%、25.42%;流产率分别为:12.85%、7.14%、9.09%、17.85%。3组实验组和安慰剂组的继续临床妊娠率与对照组相比显著性增高,差别具有显著性差别,P0.05,其中hCG组妊娠率最高。G-CSF组流产率与对照组相比显著性降低,余4组的流产率相似。结论 FET前行宫腔内灌注,各种方法均可以提高患者的临床妊娠率。其中宫腔灌注操作对子宫内膜起的机械刺激的作用,也起到重要的作用。     

不同子宫内膜准备方案的冻融胚胎移植临床结局比较

目的探讨不同子宫内膜准备方案对冻融胚胎移植(frozen-thawed embryo transfer,FET)临床治疗结局的影响。方法回顾性分析了济宁市第一人民医院生殖医学科2014年4月至2017年12月冻融胚胎移植共864周期,其中自然周期冻融胚胎移植494周期,微刺激周期冻融胚胎移植132周期,人工周期冻融胚胎移植217周期,降调节+人工周期冻融胚胎移植21周期。比较各组患者年龄、不孕年限、移植日内膜厚度、平均移植胚胎数、临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率、早期自然流产率及异位妊娠率。结果自然周期、微刺激周期、人工周期、降调节+人工周期四组患者的临床妊娠率分别为49.39%、48.48%、47.00%、52.38%,胚胎种植率分别为33.94%、35.12%、32.13%、41.02%,早期流产率分别为12.29%、3.13%、8.82%、9.09%,异位妊娠率分别为2.86%、6.25%、1.96%、0%,四组相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论四种子宫内膜准备方案在冻融胚胎移植周期可获得相似的临床效果。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者冻融胚胎移植子宫内膜准备方案的选择

目的分析多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者冻融胚胎移植中两种不同的子宫内膜准备方案的临床妊娠结局,探讨适合多囊卵巢综合征患者的子宫内膜准备方案。方法对2012年1月1日~2013年12月31日青岛市妇女儿童医院多囊卵巢综合征患者149个冻融胚胎移植周期进行回顾性分析,根据内膜准备方案分为:激素替代方案组82周期,微刺激促排卵方案组67周期。比较2组患者年龄、不孕时限,融胚优质胚胎率、平均移植胚数、给黄体酮日雌激素水平,给黄体酮日子宫内膜厚度,临床妊娠率,早期流产率。结果两组间各项统计指标比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论多囊卵巢综合征患者冻融胚胎移植周期中微刺激促排卵准备内膜与激素替代周期内膜具有同样的效果,微刺激促排卵方案是多囊卵巢综合征患者冻融胚胎移植子宫内膜准备可供选择的方案,内膜准备方案应根据病人具体情况进行选择。     

不同发育时期的冻融胚胎移植的成功率分析

目的探讨辅助生殖技术中,胚胎冷冻时的发育阶段对冻融胚胎移植的成功率的影响.方法回顾性分析107个冻融胚胎移植周期.结果胚胎复苏率为57.2%(271/474),临床妊娠率为27.1% (29/107),种植率为15.1% (39/259).按胚胎冷冻时期不同分为受精后第二天组(2～6细胞)和第三天组(4～10细胞),Day 3组的胚胎存活率显著高于Day 2组,但完整胚胎存活率、妊娠率、种植率均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).妊娠组的完整胚胎存活率及移植胚胎数目明显高于未妊娠组(P＜0.05).两组的子宫内膜的厚度和分型差异无显著性.结论在受精后第二天或第三天冷冻的胚胎,复苏后胚胎移植的妊娠率、种植率均无显著性差异.冻融胚胎形态良好,有足够的移植胚胎数目是保证冻融胚胎移植成功的重要因素.     

冻融胚胎移植不同内膜准备方案对不明原因反复种植失败患者妊娠结局的影响

目的 探讨不同冻融胚胎移植内膜准备方案对不明原因反复种植失败患者子宫内膜容受性及妊娠结局的影响。方法 回顾分析2016年7月~2018年7月在东莞市第三人民医院生殖中心不明原因反复种植失败≥2次,行冻融胚胎移植的30例患者的临床资料。本周期自身配对比较,按子宫内膜准备方案分组:其中30周期设为HRT组,25周期设为NC组,38周期设为GnRHa-HRT组。结果 NC组与HRT组、GnRHa-HRT组子宫内膜厚度比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。GnRHa-HRT组临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率、继续妊娠率明显高于HRT组、NC组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 NC组比HRT组在冻融周期临床妊娠率有提高的趋势,GnRHa-HRT方案可以显著提高冻融周期胚胎反复种植失败患者的临床妊娠率。     

胚胎移植前宫腔内灌注hCG对FET反复着床失败患者 妊娠结局的影响

目的 探讨宫腔灌注hCG是否通过改善子宫内膜容受性来影响FET患者的妊娠结局。方法 回顾性分析2016年4月~2018年4月就诊于青海省人民医院生殖医学中心的FET患者共365例,分为研究组和对照组,研究组127例于移植前1 d行宫腔内灌注hCG 500 U,研究组138例未行宫腔灌注,比较两组患者的胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率及早期流产率。结果 研究组胚胎种植率34.25%、临床妊娠率52.76%,高于对照组的24.28%, 40.58%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,两组早期流产率对比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 移植前宫腔内灌注hCG,可提高反复着床失败FET患者的胚胎着床率和临床妊娠率,在一定程度上改善了子宫内膜容受性,该技术对难治性不孕患者带来希望。     

雌二醇\雌二醇地屈孕酮应用于冻融胚胎移植周期子宫内膜准备的效果观察

目的观察雌二醇\雌二醇地屈孕酮应用于冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期子宫内膜准备的效果。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2014年5月134例患者156个FET周期,根据内膜准备方案分为:自然周期组(66例),补佳乐人工周期组(43例),芬吗通人工周期组(47例),比较各组患者年龄、不孕年限、体重指数、用药剂量、转化日内膜厚度、平均移植胚胎个数、优质胚胎个数、冷冻胚胎复苏率、复苏后完整存活胚胎比率、生化妊娠率、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率的差异。结果自然周期组内膜转化日内膜最厚(10.99±2.02mm),补佳乐组内膜最薄(8.86±1.59mm),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);芬吗通组(43.11±23.89mg)较补佳乐组(46.02±36.23mm)用药剂量少,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);三组患者年龄、不孕年限、体重指数、平均移植胚胎数、移植优质胚胎数、冷冻胚胎复苏率、复苏后完整存活胚胎比率、胚胎种植率、生化妊娠率及临床妊娠率比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论冻融胚胎移植中行人工周期内膜准备,使用芬吗通可以较少用药量获得与自然周期内膜准备及补佳乐人工周期准备相似的妊娠率。     

子宫内膜刺激在体外受精-胚胎移植提高活产率的探讨

目的探讨子宫内膜机械刺激改善子宫内膜容受性对临床妊娠率、胚胎着床率和活产率的影响。方法对进入周期患者在月经3-5天采用一次性宫腔组织吸引管进行宫内膜刺激,刺激宫内膜476个移植周期,对照组未刺激为471个移植周期。结果内膜刺激组移植胚胎数1238个,共着床193个,着床率为15.6%,临床妊娠率为32.6%(155/476),活产率达62.6%(97/155);对照组移植胚胎数1191个,着床166个,着床率为13.9%,临床妊娠率为30.8%(145/471),活产率为49.0%。内膜刺激组与对照组在胚胎着床率和临床妊娠率之间无显著差异(P0.05),但有升高的趋势;而内膜刺激显著提高了活产率(P0.05)。结论机械刺激子宫内膜对IVF-ET周期胚胎着床率和临床妊娠率有所提高,能显著提高活产率。     

非优质胚胎移植与非优质胚胎培养囊胚移植对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨复苏周期中非优质胚胎和非优质胚胎培养囊胚移植的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析266个冻融移植周期,根据胚胎移植时间分为非优质胚胎组(A组,181个周期)和非优质胚胎培养囊胚组(B组,85个周期)。比较两组患者的妊娠结局,包括临床妊娠率、种植率、流产率和抱婴率,同时分析年龄、不孕年限和子宫内膜厚度对妊娠结局的影响。结果两组患者在年龄、不孕年限和子宫内膜厚度方面均无显著差异(P0.05)。临床妊娠率和流产率方面两组患者差异不显著(P0.05),但非优质胚胎培养囊胚组的种植率和抱婴率极显著高于非优质胚胎移植组(P0.01)。结论移植非优质胚胎减少了胚胎的浪费,增加了患者的妊娠机会,非优质胚胎培养至囊胚可显著提高种植率和抱婴率。     

Comparison between oral and vaginal estrogen usage in inadequate endometrial patients for frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer

Endometrial preparation with exogenous estrogen is a common practice in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of two endometrial preparation groups, oral estradiol valerate tablets (OEV) group versus vaginal estradiol (VE) tablets group, in inadequate endometrium patients. This retrospective, single-center, cohort study of patients undergoing FET treatment between Jan. 2012 and Jun. 2013, at an academic IVF center, included 247 patients (cycles) with endometrial thickness < 8 mm on day 13 of the hormone replacement cycle: OEV group included 69 patients (cycles) who received continuous OEV from day 1 onwards up to the day of progesterone supplement, while VE group included 178 patients (cycles) who taken OEV from day 1 to day 12, and used VE tablets from day 13 till the day of progesterone supplement. Patients in VE group required more days and higher dosage of estradiol, but had thinner endometrium on the day of transfer. However, the increase of endometrial thickness was more, when compared to OEV-treated patients. The implantation rate and pregnancy rate were, though not significantly, higher in VE group. Conclusions: Longer time of administration and higher dosage of estradiol usage did not have adverse effects on the clinical pregnancy rate. VE tablets may promote endometrial development and pregnancy success in FET cycles could not verify. Further study is needed to confirm the vaginal estradiol action on frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.     

Combined treatment by pentoxifylline and tocopherol for recipient women with a thin endometrium enrolled in an oocyte donation programme

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of an antifibrotic treatment by a combination of pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol (vitamin E) in patients with a thin endometrium who were enrolled in an oocyte donation programme. METHODS: Eighteen oocyte recipients who failed to develop a pre-ovulatory endometrial thickness of at least 6 mm after receiving vaginal micronized estradiol were enrolled in the study. The patients received a combination of PTX (800 mg/day) and vitamin E (1000 IU/day) for 6 months. The main outcome measurements were the change in endometrial thickness and the pregnancy and delivery rates after treatment. RESULTS: Endometrial thickness increased significantly (P <0.001), with a mean of (+/-SD) 4.9 +/-0.6 mm before and 6.2 +/- 1.4 mm after treatment, with 72% (13/18) of patients being good responders. Five patients either did not respond to the treatment or responded only slightly. Three patients, of which two had received previous radiotherapy, became spontaneously pregnant, and two became pregnant after embryo transfer. Three patients did not have embryo transfer. A total of four babies were delivered. The pregnancy rate was thus 33% and the delivery rate 27%. CONCLUSION: Treatment by combination of PTX and vitamin E appears to improve the pregnancy rate in patients with a thin endometrium by increasing the endometrial thickness and improving ovarian function. This was especially noticeable in patients who had previously received total body irradiation.     

The effect of endometrial thickness on IVF/ICSI outcome

BACKGROUND: During the menstrual cycle the endometrium undergoes cyclic proliferative and secretory changes in preparation for implantation. If this preparation is not sufficient, then implantation will fail. The impact of endometrial thickness on the day of embryo transfer on IVF outcome was investigated in the present study. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1228 IVF/ICSI cycles. Stimulation was with clomiphene citrate (CC) + hMG in one-third of the cycles, and ultrashort GnRH agonist stimulation in two-thirds. Cycle parameters were compared between pregnant and non-pregnant patients. A similar comparison was made between ongoing pregnancies and those that resulted in a loss. RESULTS: There were more follicles, oocytes and embryos, the endometrium was thicker and the embryo quality was higher among women who became pregnant when compared with non-pregnant women after assisted reproduction. The pregnancy rate improved as endometrial thickness increased. No difference in cycle parameters and endometrial thickness was found between ongoing pregnancies and pregnancies that resulted in a first-trimester loss. CC had no measurable adverse endometrial effect, but the pregnancy rate was lower in CC+hMG cycles. CONCLUSIONS: Increased endometrial thickness is associated with higher pregnancy rates. However, neither attainment of pregnancy nor pregnancy outcome was predicted by endometrial thickness alone.     

生物羊膜制品置入改善宫腔粘连术后子宫内膜容受性分析

目的　探讨生物羊膜制品用于宫腔镜下宫腔粘连分离术（transcervical resection of adhesions,TCRA）的子宫内膜容受性。 方法　回顾性分析2019年11月至2020年11月本院妇产科收治并经宫腔镜检查确诊为中、重度宫腔粘连患者64例。按TCRA术后预防再粘连的方法分为实验组（术后注入几丁糖并放置生物羊膜制品）和对照组（术后注入几丁糖）,各32例。使用2015年中国宫腔粘连分级评分标准诊断宫腔粘连程度。所有患者术后给予雌孕激素人工周期治疗2月,术后3月行宫腔镜复查。比较两组患者术后再粘连率以及子宫内膜厚度、子宫动脉阻力参数、妊娠结局等。 结果　术后1个月实验组和对照组子宫内膜厚度分别为（5.89±0.84）mm和（4.37±0.52）mm,差异有统计学意义（t＝8.689,P<0.01）;术后2个月实验组子宫内膜厚度为（8.38±0.84）mm,对照组（7.17±1.00）mm,差异有统计学意义（t＝5.215,P<0.01）。宫腔镜复查,实验组再粘连率为6.25%,对照组为18.75%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组子宫动脉血流参数以及妊娠率等比较均有统计学差异（P<0.05）。 结论　在中、重度宫腔粘连分离术后置入生物羊膜制品,可以增加子宫内膜厚度,改善子宫血液循环,从而改善子宫内膜容受性,提高妊娠率。因此,置入生物羊膜制品可以作为临床治疗宫腔粘连有效可行的新辅助治疗手段。     

GnRHa降调节联合人工周期方案在反复植入失败患者中的 应用研究

目的 探讨GnRHa降调节联合人工周期方案对反复植入失败后冻融胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响。方法 对170例胚胎反复植入失败患者的解冻胚胎移植周期进行回顾性分析,根据内膜准备方案的不同分为两组。A组90例GnRHa降调节联合人工周期组,B组80例人工周期组,分别比较两组在黄体酮转化日内膜厚度、类型、血清雌二醇水平以及移植胚胎数、优胚数、优胚率、临床妊娠率、异位妊娠率、多胎率、早期流产率。结果 A组与B组患者在黄体酮转化日内膜的厚度、移植胚胎数、优质胚胎数、优质胚胎率、多胎率、异位妊娠率及早期流产率,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);A组患者黄体酮转化日血清雌二醇水平低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组患者内膜分型比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但降调节联合人工周期组患者A型内膜的比例较人工周期组高;A组患者的临床妊娠率为56.67%高于B组42.50%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 GnRHa降调节联合人工周期方案可改善反复植入失败后冻融胚胎移植的妊娠率。     

Non-homogeneous hyperechogenic pattern 3 days after embryo transfer is associated with lower pregnancy rates

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mid-luteal phase echo patterns and IVF-embryo transfer outcome in women who have demonstrated adequate endometrial development by the late proliferative phase. A prospective study was carried out of 86 patients undergoing IVF-embryo transfer and 86 patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer who all underwent sonographic monitoring of the endometrium 3 days after embryo transfer. The cycles were classified into two groups: those with the homogeneous hyperechogenic (HH) pattern and those without it. The women who had an HH pattern had higher clinical pregnancy (32.8 versus 10.7%, P < 0.05) and implantation rates in stimulated cycles (14.3 versus 4.1%, P < 0.05 respectively) than those that did not. There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy or implantation rates by echo pattern (18.2 and 8.1% for non-HH and 18. 7 and 8.0% for HH respectively) in frozen embryo transfer cycles. These data demonstrate that in embryo transfer cycles where ovarian stimulation was used, there were decreased pregnancy and implantation rates in cycles where the HH pattern was not observed 3 days after transfer. The failure of the endometrium to display this pattern may indicate some endometrial abnormality resulting in implantation defects.     

提前复苏分裂速率较慢胚胎对妊娠率的影响

目的探讨冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期中,提前一日复苏冷冻前分裂速率较慢的胚胎对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院生殖中心2006年3月至2009年9月561例FET周期中,移植冷冻前分裂速率较慢胚胎的周期共88个。其中,33个周期为移植当日复苏胚胎,培养1-4h后移植。55个周期为移植前一日复苏胚胎,培养18-24h移植。比较两组胚胎移植后的妊娠率和种植率。结果移植当日复苏组与移植前一日复苏组妊娠率(9.1%,32.7%)与种植率(4.2%,15.5%)均有显著性差异(P﹤0.05);而患者平均年龄、移植前平均内膜厚度、胚胎复苏存活率及100%卵裂球存活率均无显著性差异(P﹥0.05)。结论对冷冻前分裂速率较慢胚胎提前一日复苏,可提高临床妊娠率和种植率。     

Implantation: Uterine fluid human decidua-associated protein 200 and implantation after embryo transfer

Uterine fluid samples from 109 patients undergoing in-vitrofertilization and embryo transfer were obtained so as to examinethe relationship between the uterine fluid concentration ofhuman decidua-associated protein (hDP) 200 and the implantationrate. The sampling was performed on the day of embryo transferwith a Wallace catheter, used for the testing of cervical patencybefore embryo replacement. The implantation rate, as well asthe pregnancy rate, demonstrated a significantly positive correlationwith the concentration of hDP 200 in the uterine fluid, measuredjust before embryo transfer. These results indicate that hDP200, identified as a rheumatoid factor secreted by the endometrium,may be involved in the implantation process.