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目的 了解2020—2022年常州市武进区工作场所职业危害因素监测的基本情况,为本区的职业健康防治工作提供参考。方法 对2020—2022年武进区各类涉及职业病危害因素的140家企业开展职业卫生调查和相关监测,并对监测结果进行汇总、分析。结果 武进区进行职业危害因素监测的企业以小、微型企业为主,占86.43%,且小、微型企业职业健康检查覆盖率不足100.00%。本次调查中不同职业危害因素的超标工作场所点数和超标企业数占比最多的依次为粉尘因素中以矽尘为主,占23.81%和42.86%;化学因素中以二甲苯为主,占5.45%和5.41%;物理因素中以噪声为主,占17.02%和45.28%。职业健康检查结果显示,粉尘因素中接触矽尘职工职业健康检查异常率最高为1.64%,化学因素中接触苯职工职业健康检查异常率最高为0.75%,物理因素中接触噪声职工职业健康检查异常率最高为0.86%。结论 需重点关注小、微型企业的职业健康监管,加强矽尘、苯及其化合物和噪声等接害因素的职业风险监测。 相似文献
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近年来中国职业卫生与职业病研究取得了长足的发展,以职业暴露人群为研究中心,针对职业病的病因、发病机制、人群易感性生物标志物以及风险评估等方面开展了大量的研究,填补了中国甚至世界范围内诸多职业卫生与职业病方面的空缺,具有重要的公共卫生意义。目前中国处于高速发展阶段,大批新兴的、创新的技术正应用于各个领域,推动着中国的产业结构、生产方式和生产技术发生巨大变革,新兴领域的高速发展对职业卫生提出了新的挑战,表现为传统的职业性有害因素带来的职业卫生问题逐渐减少,新的问题不断出现。职业卫生和职业医学也迫切需要将医学科学的新理念、新技术应用于本学科,建立新型健康风险评价体系,进而满足职业人群健康监护和职业病诊断治疗的需求。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy》2013,20(2):93-100
AbstractScholars in occupational therapy and occupational science often reference well-being when discussing treatment goals or occupational engagement, but the various meanings of this reference remain unexamined in current literature. This paper reports the results of a literature review of five journals and five monographs in the occupational therapy and occupational science literature. The purpose of this review was to understand and critique how scholars in the profession and the discipline conceptualize well-being, guided by broader philosophical perspectives on the subject. The review revealed inconsistent definitions and uses of “well-being” throughout the literature, illuminating the need to reconsider this concept's purpose within the profession and the discipline. Based on these results and building on current theoretical trends, the author advocates a more nuanced and considered use of well-being that acknowledges the uncertainty faced by occupational therapists, occupational scientists, and the people with whom they practice or research. 相似文献
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目的对鹤山市的职业健康检查和职业病发病情况作出分析,为制定防治工作计划提供依据。方法采用描述统计分析方法,对鹤山市2007--2012年职业健康检查和职业病发病情况作出分析。结果该市职业健康检查人次日益增长,从2011年开始发现疑似职业病病例,2012年疑似职业病病例检出率高于2011年(χ2=4.45,P〈0.05);疑似职业病病例在五金机械制造业和电子业发现,五金机械制造业的检出率高于电子业(χ2=10.12,P〈0.01)。疑似职业性噪声聋为本市新发疑似职业病种。确诊的职业病病例均为散发,仅有1例为职业健康检查中发现。结论职业健康检查的预防作用未能显现,今后用人单位、职防机构和监管部门三方共同努力才能做好职业病防治工作。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Despite the human and monetary costs of occupational injury and illness, occupational health care has focused more on treatment than prevention, and prevention is not part of many clinical occupational health practices. This represents a failure of occupational health care to meet the health care needs of the working patients. METHODS: MEDLINE searches were conducted for literature on occupational medical treatment and the prevention of occupational injury and illness were reviewed to for linkages between prevention and treatment. Policy discussions which identify examples of programs that integrated prevention and treatment were included. RESULTS: Although examples of the integration of clinical and preventive occupational health services exist, there are challenges and barriers to such integration. These include inaction by clinicians who do not recognize their potential role in prevention; the absence of a relationship between the clinician and an employer willing to participate in prevention; economic disincentives against prevention; and the absence of tools that evaluate clinicians on their performance in prevention. CONCLUSIONS: Research is needed to improve and promote clinical occupational health preventive services. 相似文献
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Background: Time use is a defining interest within occupational therapy and occupational science. This is evident through the range of contributions to the disciplinary knowledge base. Indeed it has been suggested that time-use methods are amongst the most established research techniques used to explore aspects of human occupation. However, the extent and nature of such activity in occupational therapy and occupational science has not been examined to date. Aim: This study sought to map the extent and nature of time-use research in occupational therapy and occupational science journals and the extent to which studies explored the relationship between time-use and health. Method: A scoping review method was used. Results: Sixty-one studies were included. Scandinavian countries contributed the largest number of studies (n = 16, 26%). While time-use diaries were used most frequently (n = 30, 49%) occupational therapists and occupational scientists have developed a range of data-collection instruments. Forty-nine studies (80%) focused on time-use in clinical or defined population sub-groups. Ten studies (16%) included an empirical examination of the relationship between time-use and health. Conclusion: Future research should examine time-use and health amongst well populations across the lifespan and in different parts of the world. 相似文献
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职业卫生与职业医学的发展趋势 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
职业卫生与职业医学是研究劳动条件对劳动者健康的影响以及研究改善劳动条件,创造安全、卫生、高效的作业环境,提高劳动者的职业生活质量的一门预防医学学科,职业卫生与职业医学的首要任务则是识别、评价和控制不良的劳动条件,以保护劳动者的身体健康;其次是对职业性病损的受罹者进行早期检测、诊断和处理,促使其尽早康复。 我国的职业卫生工作始于新中国成立之后,在全国科技工 相似文献
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职业卫生与职业病统计报告的历程 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
为加强公共卫生信息时效和实行五大卫生监督统计报告的综合管理 ,卫生部于 1991年颁发了《卫生监督统计报告管理规定》 ,同时废止各卫生专业单行的统计报告管理规定。此后 ,五大卫生监督、监测信息的搜集进行了 3次重大修订与整合 ,使其逐步完善和规范。 2 0 0 3年启用的报告卡于 2 0 0 0年开始设计修订 ,2 0 0 2年经国家统计局审批 ,正式实施 (国统函 [2 0 0 2年 ]72号 )。此次五大卫生的重大修改是把全部报表都改为个案报告 ,增加了信息量 ,实现由单纯数字统计报告向监测发展的根本性转变。职业卫生与职业病的统计报告 (简称职报 )继 1997… 相似文献
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目的探讨不同职业危害因素与噪声在导致职业性噪声聋方面有无协同关系。方法对所有符合条件的工人按职业病危害因素分成噪声组、噪声+粉尘组、噪声+高温组、噪声+化学品4组,分别统计各组听力异常和听力正常检出结果,比较不同组间听力异常检出率是否相同。结果噪声组听力异常检出率为33.5%、噪声+粉尘组为34.7%、噪声+高温组为38.1%、噪声+化学品组为38.7%。经统计分析,总体有差别,进一步组内比较,噪声组、噪声+粉尘组进行比较,x2=0.563,P〉0.05;将噪声组、噪声+粉尘组两组合并与噪声+高温组进行比较,x2=9.194,P〈0.01及x2=6.938,P〈0.01。结论粉尘在导致噪声聋方面与噪声无协同作用,而高温、化学品均与噪声有协同作用。 相似文献