Pegylated IFN-α2b plus ribavirin for treatment-naive patients coinfected with HCV and HIV

Since 1995, after the generalization of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HCV coinfection in patients with HIV has become a clinical problem of first magnitude. In fact, currently, HCV coinfection is the primary cause of morbi–mortality of AIDS patients in many hospitals. As a consequence, a significant number of clinical trials have been carried out during the past 8–10 years on HCV/HIV-coinfected patients, and have been coincident that the use of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin should be now the gold standard for treating these patients. Various prospective, randomized studies have reached the conclusion that PEG-IFN-α_2b plus ribavirin achieves HCV cure rates in approximately 50% of all patients, together with important clinical consequences, since hepatic illness progression stops or even reverts. Although adverse events are extremely common with this combined treatment, it is also true that their handling by experts means that only 10–15% of patients must abandon treatment.     

Peginterferon-α2a(40 kDa)/ribavirin combination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection

Chronic hepatitis C is the leading cause of liver disease and liver-related mortality in the western world. Treatment of this chronic viral infection has considerably improved with the introduction of ribavirin–interferon combination therapy. Ribavirin (Copegus^®, Rebetol^®) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue with broad antiviral effects. It is absorbed readily upon oral administration with meals. Daily doses of up to 1200 mg are usually well-tolerated, causing dose-dependent haemolysis, reversible with dose reduction in most patients, in particular in those with renal insufficiency. In the circulation it is bound to erythrocytes, and eliminated by phosphorylation and deribolysation. The drug accumulates in blood with renal insufficiency. Impairment of hepatic function does not influence drug levels in the circulation. In animal studies, teratogenic and reproductive toxicity was shown. In chronic hepatitis C virus infection, monotherapy with ribavirin has no effect on concentrations of viral RNA or liver histology. Combination therapy with pegylated interferon-α_2a (40 kDa) (Pegasys^®) produces significantly higher sustained virological response rates in infections with all viral genotypes, even in advanced stages of liver disease compared pegylated interferon-α_2a monotherapy, adverse effects and quality of life are not significantly different.     

Pegylated IFN-α2a and ribavirin in the treatment of hepatitis C

Chronic hepatitis C is a major worldwide health problem with an estimated prevalence of 1.6–2%. The prognosis of chronic hepatitis C depends on the rate of fibrosis progression which, over a 20–30-year time span, may determine the risk of developing cirrhosis and its complications, namely hepatocellular carcinoma, liver decompensation, hepatic encefalopathy and espohageal variceal bleeding. The only therapeutic measure able to halt this progressive process is HCV eradication by interferon (IFN)-based therapies. HCV clearance benefits patients with chronic hepatitis C, by preventing the progression to cirrhosis, as well as those with established cirrhosis, by effectively reducing the risk of liver-related complications. The latest innovation in anti-HCV treatment has been the pegylation of the IFN molecule through the attachment of one or more polyethylene glycols to the IFN molecule, drastically modifying the immunological, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug. Following the demonstration of a more potent antiviral effect in terms of sustained virological response rates in Phase III randomized trials, pegylated IFN coupled with ribavirin has become the standard of care for chronic hepatitis C. Currently, two forms of pegylated IFN exist (α2a and α2b), which differ significantly in terms of pharmacokinetics and dynamics, is whether these peculiarities translate into different efficacy rates being still being debated.     

干扰素α-2b最佳注射时间观察

目前 ,在重组干扰素α -2b喷雾剂未用于临床前 ,注射用重组人干扰素α-2b仍被作为一线医护人员等高危人群预防“非典”的药品。由于干扰素本身有较多的副反应 ,在使用过程中 ,为了减轻医护人员在工作时间内的痛苦 ,不影响工作质量 ,确保医疗安全。观察了 14 0名健康医护人员在注射重组人干扰素α -2b的时间选择上进行了前瞻性的对比研究。现报告如下。1　对象与方法1.1　对象　用随机数字表将 14 0名健康医护人员分为两组 ,单数为实验组 70名 ,其中男 18名 ,年龄 2 4岁～ 48岁 ,女 52名 ,年龄 19岁～ 3 8岁 ;双数为对照组 70名 ,其中男 2 2…     

干扰素α—2b最佳注射时间观察

目前，在重组干扰素α-2b喷雾剂未用于临床前，注射用重组人干扰素α-2b仍被作为一线医护人员等高危人群预防“非典”的药品。由于干扰素本身有较多的副反应，在使用过程中，为了减轻医护人员在工作时间内的痛苦，不影响工作质量，确保陕疗安全。观察了140名健康医护人员在注射重组人干扰素α-2b的时间选择上进行了前瞻性的对比研究。现报告如下。     

α-2b干扰素治疗丙型肝炎疗效观察

本文作者应用α-2b干扰素（IFN）治疗20例急、慢性丙型肝炎（丙肝）患者，以同期收治而未用IFN治疗的病例作对照观察，考核了IFN对丙肝的临床疗效和远期疗效。现报告如下：     

Lateral rectus muscle paralysis induced by ribavirin and pegylated interferon-α2a in a patient with HIV/HCV co-infection

We report a lateral rectus muscle paralysis occurring 2 weeks after initiation of an interferon-α and ribavirin treatment in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) virus co-infection. This patient presented with horizontal diplopia that appeared rapidly and without any other neurological symptoms. Symptoms fully resolved with treatment interruption without any ophthalmological sequelae. This side effect is rare and has never been reported in a HIV–HCV co-infected patient.     

干扰素α－2b治疗多发性骨髓瘤疗效观察

干扰素α－２ｂ治疗多发性骨髓瘤疗效观察任梅玉，卞锦国，杨镜明，董戴玉，谢丽英，高兴旺近年来，国外应用干扰素（ＩＦＮ）治疗多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）有效，特别是高纯度基因工程ＩＦＮ的应用可获得较好的效果。我院对１７例初治的ＭＭ单用ＩＦＮ－α２ｂ（Ｉｎｔｒｏｎ...     

α2b干扰素在婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎中的作用

将56例轮状病毒感染性肠炎患儿随机分为两组,在综合补液治疗的基础上,治疗组加用干扰素50万~100万U/次肌注,qd,连用3~5日;对照组用阿昔洛韦注射液静脉点滴5mg/(kg.d),b id,连用3~5日。结果对照组总有效率为71.4%,治疗组为96.4%,两组疗效具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。     

α-2b干扰素治疗原发性血小板增多症

本组共9例原发性血小板增多症患者,年龄14～72岁,以往均未接受过特异治疗。本治疗开始前2例因脾静脉栓塞已作脾切除(2例之一还因肠系膜静脉血栓形成切除了部分小肠);1例门静脉郁滞伴食道静     

α-2b干扰素引起过敏性紫癜1例

1病例报告 男．47岁。因患慢性乙型肝炎接受抗病毒治疗，治疗方案为重组α-2b干扰素（凯因益生）3mIU，隔夭1次，肌肉注射。在此期间患者未用其他任何药物，无特殊饮食，在治疗第15天，患者双下肢出现对称、突出于皮肤表面、大小不等的紫搬，伴痒感。而血小板计数、功能及凝血检查均正常。毛细血管脆性试验阳性。诊断为过敏性紫癜，立即停止用药，并给予扑尔敏及维生素C口服。患者于第12天紫搬完全消退。     

国产α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效分析

目的：本文对国产α－2b干扰素（IFN）对慢性乙型肝炎的疗效进行了分析。方法：用随机分组法，治疗组22例，对照组11例，应用α－2b（安福隆）5MU或3MU肌肉或皮下注射，疗程6个月。结论：治疗组有40．9％的患者HBeAg阴转，50％HBV－DNA阴转，显示国产IFNα－2b对慢性乙型肝炎有良好疗效。     

苦参碱联合α-2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎临床研究

目的 :观察苦参碱联合α 2b干扰素对慢性乙型肝炎患者乙肝病毒标志物的影响。方法 :选择慢性乙型肝炎患者 2 3 1例 ,随机分成苦参碱 +α 2b干扰素组 12 2例 ,给予苦参碱 150mg + 10 %葡萄糖液 2 50mL静脉滴注 ,每天 1次 ,共 3个月。同时给予α 2b干扰素 50 μg肌注 ,每天 1次共 10d ,以后 50 μg肌注 ,隔日 1次 ,疗程 3个月。干扰素组 10 9例 ,单用α 2b干扰素治疗 ,剂量、疗程与治疗组相同。在治疗结束时 ,观察两组患者肝功能 ,乙肝病毒标志物的变化。结果 :两组患者血清ALT及AST基本相同 (P >0 0 5) ;HBeAg阴转率分别为 65%及 45% (P <0 0 5) ;抗HBe阳转率分别为 60 %及 3 7% (P <0 0 5) ;HBV DNA阴转率分别为 70 %及 47% (P <0 0 5)。结论 :苦参碱联合α 2b干扰素是治疗慢性乙型肝炎的有效方案之一。     

Interferon-α2b may impair myelinization of rat optic nerve

This story investigated the effects of interferon-alpha-2b (IFN-α2b) on the optic nerves of 17 adult male Wistar albino rats. Animals were divided into 3 groups: 6 rats (group 1) received 7.5 units (5 mIU/m²) IFN-α2b—a normal treatment dose, and 6 (groups 2) received 30.0 units (20 mIU/m²)—a high dose; 5 rats (control group) received 0.5 mL saline. Test substances were delivered by intraperitoneal injection 3 times a week for 3 weeks with animals under inhalation anesthesia. After the rats were sacrificed, their optic nerves were dissected, sectioned, and examined under an electron microscope. The mean thicknesses of the basal membranes of blood vessels were 86.354 nm in the control group, 104.297 nm in group 1, and 140.181 nm in group 2. Basal membrane changes in IFN groups were dose dependent. Mitochondrial swelling, degeneration, increased diameter of vacuoles, and vacuolization in the cytoplasm of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes were also observed. IFN-α2b has histopathologic effects on blood vessels and cells of the optic nerve.     

重组α-2b干扰素治疗真性红细胞增多症

作者报告了真性红细胞增多症(PV)患者用重组α-2b干扰素(α-2b-IFN)治疗的结果。患者13例,男8例,女5例;年龄28～71岁,平均年龄59岁。试     

α-2b干扰素局部注射治疗尖锐湿疣95例

采用α-2b干扰素局部注射治疗尖锐湿疣95例,效果明显,复发率低。