TGFβ2基因多态性、孕妇吸烟与非综合征性唇腭裂发生的关联

目的:分析TGFβ2基因多态性、孕妇吸烟与非综合征性唇腭裂(NSCLP)发生的关联。方法:272例非综合征性唇裂伴或不伴腭裂(CL/P)患者和251例单纯性腭裂(CPO)患者为病例组,312例正常人为对照组;用PCR-SSCP和基因测序方法分析TGFβ2基因多态性,通过询问方式调查母亲孕期的吸烟情况;应用SAS软件对数线性模型统计分析它们之间的相关性。结果:CL/P、CPO和对照组均扩增出322bp的TGFβ2片段;SS-CP分析发现TGFβ2存在3个等位基因(A1、A2、A3),分别含有7、8、9个ACA重复区;TGFβ2基因多态性与CL/P、CPO发生的相关性分析,P<0.0001;孕妇吸烟与CL/P、CPO发生的相关性分析,P<0.0001;孕妇吸烟和TGFβ2多态性在CL/P及CPO发生中交互作用分析,P>0.05。结论:TGFβ2基因多态性、孕妇吸烟与非综合征性唇腭裂发生有相关性;吸烟、TGFβ2多态性在NSCLP发生过程中无交互作用。     

TGFα和TGFβ3基因多态性与国人非综合征型唇腭裂发病关系的研究

目的:探讨TGFα基因和TGFβ3基因多态性与国人非综合征型唇腭裂发生的关系。方法:取56例非综合征型唇腭裂(nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate, NSCLP)、26例单发性腭裂(cleft palate only, CPO)及28例单纯颌骨骨折患者的全血DNA,于TGFα基因3′端未翻译区序列(3′untranslated re-gion,3′UTR)及TGFβ3第5外显子(5th exon)序列设计引物,PCR法扩增目的片段,单链构像多态性技术分析等位基因及基因型频率在各组之间分布的差异。将目的片段克隆、测序寻找其多态位点。结果:56例NSCLP、26例CPO和28例对照组全血中均扩增出345 bp TGFα和193 bp TGFβ3目的片段。共发现TGFα3种等位基因A1、A2和A3及TGFβ3 2种等位基因B1和B2。各等位基因及基因型频数在NSCLP、CPO和对照组之间无统计学差异。测序表明TGFα存在3处多态位点和TGFβ3存在1处多态位点。结论:TGFα及TGFβ3基因多态性与我国汉族人NSCLP和CPO的发病无显著相关。     

邯郸地区非综合征唇腭裂患儿发生率及其与环境因素和IRF6基因多态性的相关性研究

目的分析邯郸地区非综合征唇腭裂(non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate,NSCL/P)患儿发生率及其与环境因素和IRF6基因多态性的相关性。方法对2016年3月-2018年4月产科新生儿22460例临床资料进行回顾性分析,统计唇腭裂发生情况。并采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析影响新生儿发生唇腭裂的影响因素。结果①在22460例新生儿中,NSCL/P有48例,占比2.13‰,其中,单纯性唇裂15例,占比31.25%,腭裂12例,占比25.00%,唇腭裂21例,占比33.33%。;②所有患儿及其父母与健康组基因型频率分布经检验均符合HW平衡,NSCL/P组中单纯性唇裂与唇腭裂rs642961位点的AA基因频率明显高于健康组,数据间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);③父亲吸烟、母亲吸烟、母亲被动吸烟、母亲孕期具有疾病史与服药史、未补充维生素与叶酸等环境因素中新生儿NSCL/P的发病率明显增高(P<0.05);④母亲吸烟、母亲被动吸烟、母亲孕期具有疾病史与服药史、未补充维生素与叶酸等环境因素是影响新生儿发生NSCL/P的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 IRF6基因rs642961位点的变异可诱发NSCL/P的发生,同时,母亲吸烟与被动吸烟、母亲孕期具有疾病史与服药史、未补充维生素与叶酸等环境因素可增加NSCL/P发病的风险。     

非综合征性唇腭裂与亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因A1298C相关性的研究

目的 研究亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)A1298C多态性与中国华北人群非综合征性唇腭裂(non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate,NSCL/P)的关系.方法 通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性,在158例NSCL/P患者和192名健康对照中,对MTHFR基因A1298C单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)rs1801131进行检测.利用拟合优度卡方检验分析基因型分布频率是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律;应用Unphased软件分析等位基因频率与NSCL/P的相关性.结果 MTHFR基因A1298C多态性基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡;等位基因和基因型频率在唇裂合并或不合并腭裂组和健康对照组之间差异无统计学意义;基因型分布单纯腭裂(AA 78%、AC+CC 22%)与健康对照组(AA 74%、AC+CC 26%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2＝4.256,P=0.039),AC+CC基因型频率健康对照组(26%)高于单纯腭裂组(22%)(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.381～1.683).结论 MTHFR A1298C多态性位点可能与中国人群非综合征性单纯腭裂的发生有关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association between a polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase with Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate(NSCL/P)in Chinese population. Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)technique was used to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP), rs1801131, at the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)gene in both 158 patients with NSCL/P and 192 healthy individuals. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for genotypic distributions was estimated by the goodness-of-fit test. The UNPHASED program was applied to perform the association analysis. Results The genotypic distribution of A1298C was not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both controls and patients. No association was found between cleft lip with or without palate(CL/P)and controls. There was significant difference of cleft palate only(CPO)and the healthy individuals(χ2＝4.256, P=0.039). The frequency of AC+CC genotype was higher in control group than that in CPO group(OR=0.8, 95%CI=0.381-1.683),26 among 100 healthy individuals carried AC+CC genetypes,which were carried by 22% of CPO patients. Conclusions The polymorphism of MTHFR A1298C may be involved in the occurrence of non-syndromic cleft palate only in Chinese population.     

汉族人转化生长因子-α基因多态性与环境因素和非综合征性唇腭裂的关系

目的研究汉族人转化生长因子- α（TGF- α）基因多态性与环境因素和非综合征性唇腭裂（NSCL/P）的关系。方法通过问卷调查获得所有研究对象母亲孕早期感染史、孕期服药史及叶酸补充等资料。应用多聚酶链反应（PCR）结合限制性酶切方法，确定199例NSCL/P患者与203例正常人的基因型。将基因型与孕早期感染史、孕期服药史及叶酸补充因素进行分析。结果NSCL/P患者的C2等位基因频率比正常对照组明显增高，其差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。孕早期感染、孕期服药及不补充叶酸的孕妇发生NSCL/P增多。C1C2基因型与孕早期感染、孕期服药和叶酸补充3个因素有交互作用。结论TGF- α基因的突变与汉族人NSCL/P的发生有相关性，孕早期感染史、孕期服药史及叶酸补充等环境因素与NSCL/P的发生有关。含有C2等位基因的个体对孕早期感染、孕期服药和叶酸缺乏3个危险因素更为敏感。     

中国西部汉族人群血小板源性生长因子C基因单核苷酸多态性与非综合征型唇腭裂相关性研究

目的探究中国西部汉族人群血小板源性生长因子C(PDGF-C)基因的靶向单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)位点rs4691383、rs7667857及其基因型以及环境暴露因素与非综合征型唇腭裂(NSCL/P)发生的相关性。方法收集268个NSCL/P病例—父母核心三人家系,采用聚合酶链反应—限制性酶切片段长度多态法和直接测序法对2个靶向SNPs位点(rs4691383、rs7667857)进行基因分型,使用哈温平衡检验、连锁不平衡检验、传递不平衡检验、单倍型关联分析等方法进行统计学分析。同时收集纳入对象所填写的唇腭裂流行病学研究问卷,对PDGF-C基因和环境暴露因素之间是否存在交互作用进行条件Logistic回归分析。结果 PDGF-C基因rs4691383位点的A等位基因和rs7667857位点的G等位基因在NSCL/P发生中存在过度传递(P<0.05)。孕妇吸烟/被动吸烟史、叶酸补充史、环境有害气体长期吸入史3个环境暴露因素与PDGF-C基因的SNPs位点基因型之间均不存在交互作用(P>0.05)。结论 PDGF-C基因rs4691383位点和rs7667857位点多态性与中国西...     

环境因素与基因交互作用和非综合征性唇腭裂关系研究进展

非综合征性唇腭裂( nonsyndromic cleft of lip with or without palate,NSCL/P)是一种病因十分复杂的先天性缺陷。尽管对于综合征性唇腭裂的病因已经有明显的进展,但是对于更加常见的NSCL/P病因的研究仍然十分匮乏。目前已经明确了许多基因和环境因素对NSCL/P有影响,并且还有一些报道基因和环境因素的交互作用对NSCL/P发生的影响,但是对于NSCL/P的病因,仍然有很大的争议。本文主要对基因和环境的交互作用对NSCL/P的影响进行综述。     

转化生长因子β1基因-509位点多态性与重度慢性牙周炎易感性的关系

目的 探讨转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor beta-1,TGF-β1)基因-509位点多态性与重度慢性牙周炎易感性的关系,以期从基因水平探讨牙周炎发病的遗传学机制.方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法检测102例重度慢性牙周炎患者(牙周炎组)和102名健康对照者(健康对照组)的TGF-β1基因-509位点,比较两组间此位点基因型分布和等位基因频率的差异.结果 TGF-β1基因-509位点CC、CT、TT基因型在牙周炎组和健康对照组的分布频率分别为44.1%(45/102)、47.1%(48/102)、8.8%(9/102)和29.4%(30/102)、51.0%(52/102)、19.6%(20/102),两组人群基因型分布频率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);等位基因C、T在牙周炎组和健康对照组分布频率分别为67.6%(138/204)、32.4%(66/204)和54.9%(112/204)、45.1%(92/204),两组人群的等位基因分布频率差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05),C等位基因携带者患重度慢性牙周炎的风险是T等位基因的1.718倍(OR=1.718,95%CI:1.148～2.569).结论 TGF-β1基因-509位点多态性与重度慢性牙周炎的发病具有相关性,C等位基因可能是重度慢性牙周炎的遗传易感基因.     

遍在蛋白-蛋白连接酶对骨形态发生蛋白/Smad通路的调节

Smad通路是转化生长因子(TGF)-β超家族包括骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)信号转导的经典通路.Smad复合物的积聚导致其基因转录的过度活化,因此Smad的降解对Smad通路的调控至关重要.遍在蛋白-蛋白水解酶复合体通路降解Smad,对调控TGF-β信号转导发挥重要的调节作用.遍在蛋白-蛋白连接酶(Smurf)作为这一系...     

RUNX2突变牙髓细胞转化生长因子-β相关信号通路基因表达的分析

目的利用第二代功能分类基因芯片检测颅骨锁骨发育不良患者成骨细胞特异性转录因子(runt-related gene 2,RUNX2)基因突变的牙髓细胞在转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)-骨形成蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP)信号传导通路上的基因表达差异。方法利用本课题组前期成功分离培养的携带RUNX2致病基因突变的牙髓细胞,通过第二代TGF-β/BMP信号传导通路功能分类基因芯片,进行实时定量PCR基因芯片,检测携带突变的颅骨锁骨发育不良患者牙髓细胞与正常牙髓细胞的基因表达差异,进行数据分析。结果基因芯片的实时定量PCR结果分析表明,在TGF-β/BMP信号传导通路上,RUNX2基因突变的牙髓细胞有18条基因表达上调,14条基因表达下调。结论 RUNX2基因可能通过调节TGF-β/BMP信号传导通路相关基因表达而影响牙髓细胞生物学特性。     

Analysis of interactions between genetic variants of BMP4 and environmental factors with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate susceptibility

A hospital-based case-control study was conducted to identify interactions between the 538(T→C) polymorphic site of bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene (BMP4T538C) and exposures in pregnancy with nonsyndromic cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P). Associations between offspring polymorphism of BMP4T538C, paternal smoking, paternal high-risk drinking, maternal passive smoking, and maternal multivitamin supplement with nsCL/P were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. BMP4T538C polymorphism, maternal passive smoking exposures and maternal multivitamin use were associated with the risk of nsCL/P but paternal smoking and paternal high-risk drinking were not. Gene–environment interactions were analyzed using the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. The two-factor model including maternal passive smoking and BMP4T538C, was the best for predicting nsCL/P risk with a maximum cross-validation consistency (10/10) and a maximum average testing accuracy(0.605; P < 0.0001). The findings suggested that: BMP4T538C could be used as a genetic susceptibility marker for nsCL/P; maternal passive smoking exposure is a risk factor for nsCL/P; maternal multivitamin supplements are a protective factor; the synergistic effect of BMP4T538C and maternal passive smoking could provide a new tool for identifying individuals at high risk of nsCL/P, and provides additional evidence that nsCL/P is determined by genetic and environmental factors.     

Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate: Epidemiology and risk factors in Lubumbashi (DR Congo), a case-control study

Purpose

To determine the incidence and risk factors of occurrence of non-syndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (NSCLP) in Lubumbashi.

Association of Wnt3A gene variants with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Chinese population

Objective

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common birth defects all over the world. Both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to NSCLP. Recent studies have demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is required for lip and palate formation. WNT family may play an important role in the development of NSCLP. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Wnt3A gene polymorphisms and NSCLP in Chinese population from Northwest China.

Design

216 patients with NSCLP and 233 normal controls were genotyped for two SNPs of Wnt3A by PCR-RFLP. Both SNPs genotype frequencies were analysed between cases group and controls group.

Results

The frequencies of rs752107 TT and rs3121310 AA were significantly higher in NSCLP cases group (7.4%, 15.3%) than that in controls group (2.1%, 9.5%) with p-value = 0.013, 0.014, corrected p value (p-corr) <0.05 and with odds ratio (OR) = 3.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.244–9.79, OR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.17–4.38, respectively; the frequency of rs3121310 GA was also higher in NSCLP cases group (57.4%) than in controls group (52.0%) with p-value = 0.042 and OR = 1.56 (95% CI: 1.02–2.39). And the frequency of rs752107 TT of Wnt3A showed higher risk in female patients, while the frequency of A allele of rs3121310 showed stronger association in male patients.

Conclusions

This is the first report that two SNPs of Wnt3A (rs752107 and rs3121310) are significantly associated with NSCLP in Chinese population. These findings provide a context for understanding the genetic aetiology of NSCLP.     

非综合征性唇腭裂与MSX1基因传递不平衡研究

目的探讨MSX1基因与湖南汉族人群非综合征性唇腭裂（nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate，NSCLP）遗传易感性的关系。方法以MSX1基因内含子区的CA重复微卫星作为遗传标记，采用聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction，PCR）-变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis，PAGE）基因分型技术对湖南汉族129个NSCLP核心家系387名成员进行基因型分析，并行传递不平衡检验（transmission disequilibrium test，TDT）及Logistic回归分析。结果TDT分析显示，MSX1基因CA4等位基因在唇裂伴（不伴）腭裂（cleft lip with or without palate，CL／P）和单纯性腭裂（cleft palate only，CPO）组均被优势传递给患病后代（P=0．018，P=0．041）。Logistic回归分析结果支持隐性遗传模式，CA4本身或其作为一致病基因的遗传标志以隐性遗传模式被遗传（P=0．009）。结论MSX1基因与湖南汉族人群NSCLP相关联，可能是其易感基因或与之存在连锁不平衡。     

96例非综合征性唇腭裂发病因素的统计分析

目的：了解现阶段唇腭裂发病的流行病学特点,寻找环境危险因素,为降低本地唇腭裂的发生提供依据。方法：采用病例一对照设计,运用流行病学问卷调查,进行统计学分析。结果：父亲学历（P=00．008）、复合维生素补充（P=00．039）,母亲孕期感染（P=0．015）、情绪问题（P=0．000）及被动吸烟（P=0．009）与唇腭裂发病有相关性,进入回归方程。结论：环境因素对唇腭裂的发生有重要影响,父亲高学历及母亲补充复合维生素能减少唇腭裂的发生,母亲孕期感染,情绪问题及被动吸烟等能增加唇腭裂的发病风险。     

Smoking and orofacial clefts: a United Kingdom-based case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between smoking and orofacial clefts in the United Kingdom. DESIGN: Case-control study in which the mother's exposure to tobacco smoke was assessed by a structured interview. SETTING: Scotland and the Manchester and Merseyside regions of England. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred ninety children born with oral cleft between September 1, 1997, and January 31, 2000, and 248 population controls, matched with the cases on sex, date of birth, and region. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate and cleft palate. RESULTS: There was a positive association between maternal smoking during the first trimester of pregnancy and both cleft lip with or without cleft palate (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 3.1) and cleft palate (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 4.1). There was evidence of a dose-response relationship for both types of cleft. An effect of passive smoking could not be excluded in mothers who did not smoke themselves. CONCLUSION: The small increased risk for cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the offspring of women who smoke during pregnancy observed in this study is in line with previous evidence. In contrast to some previous studies, an increased risk was also apparent for cleft palate. In these U.K. data, there was evidence of a dose-response effect of maternal smoking for both types of cleft. The data were compatible with a modest effect of maternal passive smoking, but the study lacked statistical power to detect or exclude such an effect with confidence. It may be useful to incorporate information on the effects of maternal smoking on oral clefts into public health campaigns on the consequences of maternal smoking.     

非综合征性唇腭裂候选基因的研究进展

非综合征性唇腭裂是人类常见的先天性畸形之一,分为非综合征性唇裂或伴腭裂和单纯性腭裂,是一种多基因多因素遗传性疾病,常见的非综合征性唇腭裂相关性候选基因有干扰素调节因子6、亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶、转化生长因子、肌节同源盒基因1和视黄酸受体仅等。本文就最常见的候选基因位点与非综合征性唇腭亵关系的研究进展作一综述。     

被动吸烟与先天性唇腭裂关系的实验研究

目的 探讨孕期被动吸烟与胎儿先天性腭裂发生的关系。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为不同的实验组及对照组，通过建立孕早、中、晚及全期被动吸烟模型进行对照研究。结果：孕早、中及全期被动吸烟大鼠胎仔中有腭裂形成，阳性率分别为1／48、2／53、1／36，对照组腭裂形成阳性率为0／70。各实验组分别与对照组用四格表确切概率法检验，均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论 孕期被动吸烟不能从统计学意义上证明与胎儿先天性唇腭裂发生有关，但不能排除孕早、中期被动吸烟对腭裂发生的影响。     

染色体基因位点与非综合征性唇腭裂致病机制的关系

非综合征性唇腭裂是人类最常见的先天性畸形之一,是一种多基因多因素的遗传疾病.近二十年来,学者们先后在多条染色体上发现了与非综合征性唇腭裂有关的基因位点.本文就染色体基因位点与非综合征性唇腭裂致病机制的关系作一综述.