外周血白细胞性激素受体与肝硬化关系的研究

性激素受体在肝硬化中的意义报道较少。本研究,旨在探讨外周血白细胞雌激素受体（ＥｓｔｒｏｇｅｎＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒＥＲ）、雄激素受体（ＡｎｄｒｏｇｅｎＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒＡＲ）,在慢性肝病中的变化及其意义。材料与方法一、研究对象（一）试验组：肝炎后肝硬化６０例...     

胃癌雌激素受体表达与生物学行为及预后的关系

胃癌雌激素受体表达与生物学行为及预后的关系何双梧，郭连营，谢尚奎用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测１０４例胃癌组织中雌激素受体（ＥｓｔｒｏｇｅｎＲｅ．ｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ＥＲ）．以探讨ＥＲ与胃癌生物学行为及预后的关系。材料和方法一、研究对象收集１９８５年９月－１９９２...     

老年人胃癌雌激素受体表达的病理学观察

老年人胃癌雌激素受体表达的病理学观察惠延平，郭国祯近几年，有关胃癌组织雌激素受体（ｅｓｔｒｏｇｅｎｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ＥＲ）的研究发现，ＥＲ阳性表达与患者性别、胃癌组织学类型等有一定关系（ＨａｒｒｉｓｏｎＪＤ，ＭｏｒｒｉｓＤＬ，ＥｌｌｉｓＩＯ，ｅｔａｌ...     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血T细胞受体基因重组的意义

目的 通过对慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血Ｔ细胞受体基因β链（Ｔ ｃｅｌｌ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ ｇｅｎｅ Ｂｅｔａｃｈａｉｎ,ＴＣＲβ）重组与血清ＨＢｅＡｇ,抗－ＨＢｅ和丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）平行检测,以探讨优势Ｔ细胞克隆在病程中的作用。方法 运用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交检测８５例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞ＤＮＡ。结果 ８５例患者ＴＣＲβ重组阳性率为４４．７％,大多数具有ＥｃｏＲⅠ或／和ＨｉｎｄⅢ重组带。     

原发性肝癌雌激素受体表达及内分泌治疗

目的研究原发性肝癌雌激素受体（ＥＲ）的表达及内分泌治疗的临床价值．方法应用Ｌｅｅ氏荧光配体细胞化学法检测４１例手术病理确诊的原发性肝癌ＥＲ的表达．本组男３８例，女３例，年龄２５岁～７２岁．同时检测肝癌的组织类型、分化程度、肿瘤大小、血清ＡＦＰ及ＣＥＡ．６例ＥＲ阳性者采用他莫昔芬治疗（每次２０ｍｇ，２次／ｄ，长期服用）并观察疗效．结果肝癌组织ＥＲ阳性２０／４１例，阳性率４８８％．ＥＲ阳性率与患者年龄、性别、ＡＦＰ、ＣＥＡ含量及组织类型（梁状型ＥＲ阳性４５０％，腺样型３３３％，实体型７１４％，硬化型６６７％，透明细胞型２５０％；Ｐ＞００５）无明显关系，与肿瘤体积（≥１０ｃｍ，ＥＲ阳性率７５０％；＜１０ｃｍ，ＥＲ阳性２３８％；Ｐ＜００１）和分化程度（分化好２６例，ＥＲ阳性３４６％；分化差１５例，ＥＲ阳性７３３％；Ｐ＜００５）有显著关系．本组ＥＲ阳性病例中６例经他莫昔芬内分泌治疗有效５／６（８３３％），其中４例ＡＦＰ下降．结论ＥＲ阳性肝细胞癌患者进行内分泌治疗有一定疗效     

表皮生长因子及其受体与胃癌

表皮生长因子及其受体与胃癌王洪涛陈宝雯贾博琦北京医科大学第一医院消化科北京市１０００３４ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＥｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒＲｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒＳｔｏｍａｃｈｎｅｏｐｌａｓ...     

Hp感染与sIL-2R及sTNFR Ⅰ变化的关系

Ｈｐ感染是慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡（ＰＵ）的重要致病因素,可导致胃粘膜局部ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８,ＴＮＦ－等多种细胞因子的增高［１,２］可溶性白介素－２受体（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｎｉｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ－２ｒｅｃｏｐｔｏｒ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）和可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ｓＴＮＦＲ）作为免疫系统的活性标志之一,血清中的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ及ｓＴＮＦＲ的变化与恶性肿瘤、白血病、器官移植排异、自身免疫性疾病、感染等多种疾病有关［３,４］、本文对７８例慢性胃炎。Ｐ…     

胃泌素受体在胃癌中表达的意义

目的研究胃癌组织表达胃泌素受体（ＧＲ）的特征,是临床应用ＧＲ拮抗剂调控胃癌细胞生长的基础。方法应用受体的放射配基结合分析法测定３４例胃癌及癌旁胃粘膜组织ＧＲ含量及亲和力（Ｋｄ）。结果３４例胃癌组织中,１６例胃癌组织ＧＲ阳性,其中２例属低亲和力ＧＲ;１４例属高亲和力ＧＲ,计高含量ＧＲ９例（３９．５４±１４．４３ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）和低含量ＧＲ５例（６．０３±２．８３ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）。胃癌组织表达高含量ＧＲ的平均含量较癌旁胃粘膜组织高。胃体癌表达高亲和力ＧＲ的阳性率为７７．８％,胃底贲门癌为５０．０％,而胃窦癌为２１．１％。晚期胃癌表达高亲和力ＧＲ的阳性率为５２．２％,早、中期胃癌为１０．０％。结论４７．１％胃癌组织能表达ＧＲ;高亲和力、高含量ＧＲ在胃体癌、胃底贲门癌中表达的阳性率高;晚期胃癌表达的ＧＲ多属高亲和力。     

两种培养人胃癌细胞性激素受体含量与比较

培养两种不同分化程度的人胃腺癌ＳＧＣ－７９０１和ＮＫＭ－４５细胞，分离其胞浆和胞核ＫＣＩ抽提液。用葡聚糖包被活性炭饱和分析法分别测定各细胞组分中雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰＲ）、雄激素受体（ＡＲ）。结果：ＳＧＣ－７９０１细胞胞浆胞核抽提液中ＥＲ含量为３０．２和３５．７ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ（１ｆｍｏｌ＝１０－１５ｍｏｌ）蛋白，ＰＲ含量为２０．３和２２．７ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白，ＮＫＭ－４５细胞胞浆和胞核抽提液中ＥＲ含量为２４．８和２５．１ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白，ＰＲ含量为１６．４和１８．６ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白。而两种细胞ＡＲ均为阴性（＜６～１０ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）。结果说明两种胃癌细胞均为ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性，而分化程度更低、转移性较强的ＳＧＣ－７９０１细胞株ＥＲ、ＰＲ含量较高。提示ＥＲ水平与胃癌细胞的分化程度相关，ＥＲ阳性胃癌组织似为性激素依赖性，内分泌治疗可能有效果。     

奥曲肽和表皮生长因子受体单克隆抗体诱导人胃癌细胞凋亡

目的：定量检测奥曲肽（ＳＭＳ）和表皮生长因子受体单克隆抗体（ＥＧＦＲＭＣＡｂ）对人胃癌细胞系 ＳＧＣ－７９０１的诱 导凋亡作用。方法：将不同浓度的ＳＭＳ和ＥＧＦＲＭｃＡｂ与胃癌细胞共同孵育，用流式细胞术分析其细胞凋亡情况。 结果：ＳＭＳ ５ × １０－５和ＥＧＦＲＭｃＡｂ１：１００与胃癌细胞共同孵育７２ ｈ，胃癌细胞凋亡率分别为７．９６％和７．４９％，与对 照组（１．１９％湘比，有显著差异ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：诱导细胞凋亡是胃肠肽类激素发挥其抗肿瘤作用的重要途径之一。     

胃癌患者检测表皮生长因子及受体的意义

目的:探讨表皮生长因子(EGF)及其受体(EGFR)的表达与胃癌发生及胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法:采用免疫组化S-P法对50例胃癌进行研究。结果:EGF和EGFR在早期胃癌中的阳性率均为20％(2/10),在进展期胃癌的阳性率分别为62.5％(25/40)和60％(24/40),进展期胃癌EGF和EGFR的阳性率均显著高于早期胃癌(P<0.05)。有转移组的EGF及EGFR阳性率高于无转移组(P<0.05)。EGF及EGFR的表达与胃癌的组织学类型有关。结论:EGF及EGFR阳性的肿瘤可能具有更强的浸润与转移能力,检测EGF和EGFR有助于判断胃癌预后。     

Expression of estrogen receptor and estrogen receptor messenger RNA in gastric carcinoma tissues

AIM: To study estrogen receptor (ER) and estrogen receptor messenger RNA (ERmRNA) expression in gastric carcinoma tissues and to investigate their association with the pathologic types of gastric carcinoma.METHODS: The expression of ER and ERmRNA in gastric carcinoma tissues (15 males and 15 females, 42-70 years old) was detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively.RESULTS: The positive rate of ER (immunohistochemistry)was 33.3% in males and 46.7% in females. In Borrmann Ⅳ gastric carcinoma ER positive rate was greater than that in other pathologic types, and in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma the positive rates were greater than those in other histological types of both males and females (P＜0.05). The ER was more highly expressed in diffused gastric carcinoma than in non-diffused gastric carcinoma (P＜0.05). The ER positive rate was also related to regional lymph nodes metastases (P＜0.05), and was significantly higher in females above 55 years old, and higher in males under 55 years old (P＜0.05). The ERmRNA (in situ hybridization) positive rate was 73.3% in males and 86.7% in females. The ERmRNA positive rates were almost the same in Borrmann Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ gastric carcinoma (P＞0.05). ERmRNA was expressed in all tubular adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma (P＜0.05). The ERmRNA positive rate was related to both regional lymph nodes metastases and gastric carcinoma growth patterns, and was higher in both sexes above 55 years old but without statistical significance (P＞0.05). The positive rate of ERmRNA expression by in situ hybridization was higher than that of ER expression by immunohistochemistry (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: ERmRNA expression is related to the pathological behaviors of gastric carcinoma, which might help to predict the prognosis and predict the effectiveness of endocrine therapy for gastric carcinoma.     

Clinicopathologic factors and molecular markers related to lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer

AIM: To analyze predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.METHODS: We analyzed 1104 patients with early gastric cancer(EGC) who underwent a gastrectomy with lymph-node dissection from May 2003 through July 2011. The clinicopathologic factors and molecular markers were assessed as predictors for lymph node metastasis. Molecular markers such as microsatellite instability, human mut L homolog 1, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) were included. The χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine clinicopathologic parameters.RESULTS: Lymph node metastasis was observed in 104(9.4%) of 1104 patients. Among 104 cases of lymph node positive patients, 24 patients(3.8%) were mucosal cancers and 80 patients(16.7%) were submucosal. According to histologic evaluation, the number of lymph node metastasis found was 4(1.7%) for well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 45(11.3%) for moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, 36(14.8%) for poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and 19(8.4%) for signet ring cell carcinoma. Of 690 EGC cases, 77 cases(11.2%) showed EGFR overexpression. HER2 overexpression was present in 110 cases(27.1%) of 406 EGC patients. With multivariate analysis, female gender(OR = 2.281, P = 0.009), presence of lymphovascular invasion(OR = 10.950, P 0.0001), diameter(≥ 20 mm, OR = 3.173, P = 0.01), and EGFR overexpression(OR = 2.185, P = 0.044) were independent risk factors for lymph node involvement.CONCLUSION: Female gender, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion and EGFR overexpression were predictive risk factors for lymph node metastasis in EGC.     

结肠癌中雌激素受体和衔接蛋白p66Shc的表达和意义

背景:雌激素和雌激素受体(ER)在结肠癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,然而ER在其中的具体作用机制尚不完全清楚。在甾类激素敏感性肿瘤细胞中,甾类激素可显著上调衔接蛋白p66Shc表达并刺激细胞增殖。目的:探讨ER和p66Shc在结肠癌中的表达特点及其临床意义。方法:以免疫组化方法检测65例石蜡包埋结肠癌组织及其癌旁非癌组织中的ER和p66Shc蛋白表达,分析p66Shc蛋白表达与结肠癌临床病理特征的相关性。结果:ER和p66Shc蛋白表达分别定位于细胞核和细胞质,结肠癌组织中的ER和p66Shc蛋白表达阳性率显著高于癌旁非癌组织(ER:47.7%对0%,P<0.01;p66Shc:49.2%对0%,P<0.01),且两者呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.05)。p66Shc蛋白表达与结肠癌患者的性别、年龄以及原发肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、大体类型、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、AJCC分期均无相关性,而与肿瘤组织学分级相关(高分化:22.2%,中分化:47.7%,低分化:75.0%,P=0.046)。结论:结肠癌可能是一种雌激素敏感性肿瘤。雌激素及其受体可能与p66Shc共同参与了结肠癌的发生、发展。     

Ezrin和HER2在胃癌组织芯片中的表达及意义

目的:探讨Ezrin蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达,与肿瘤浸润、转移的关系及与HER2的相互作用.方法:485例原发性胃癌组织中高、中、低分化胃癌分别为19例、235例和231例;有淋巴结转移者353例;TNM分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ期166例,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期319例.另外取距肿瘤7cm的正常胃黏膜组织40例.制成8个组织芯片蜡块,用免疫组织化学方法检测石蜡包埋的胃及胃癌组织中的Ezrin和人类表皮生长因子受体2(hum an epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)蛋白表达.所有患者均经外科手术治疗,病理诊断明确,术前未经放、化疗.结果:Ezrin和HER2在胃癌组织中高表达,二者均与肿瘤Lauren’s分型和肿瘤分化程度相关(χ2=17.625,χ2=20.386,均P=0.000;χ2=9.474,P=0.009,χ2=13.377,P=0.010);Ezrin同时还与组织学(日本分型)、TNM分期、浸润深度和淋巴结转移相关(χ2=37.542,P=0.000;χ2=12.237,P=0.002;χ2=21.194,P=0.002;χ2=9.868,P=0.007).Ezrin和HER2蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.129,P=0.004).结论:Ezrin可能是预测胃癌组织浸润、转移有用的指标;联合检测Ezrin和HER2可作为判断胃癌预后、筛选高危转移患者的有效指标并有可能用于指导胃癌的个体化治疗.     

Significance and relationship between Yes-associated protein and survivin expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions

AIM： To analyze the differences and relevance of Yesassociated protein （YAP） and survivin, and to explore the correlation and significance of their expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions.
METHODS： The PV9000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of YAP and survivin in 98 cases of normal gastric mucosa, 58 intestinal metaplasia （IM）, 32 dysplasia and 98 gastric carcinoma.
RESULTS： The positive rates of YAP in dysplasia （37.5%） and gastric carcinoma （48.0%） were significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa （13.3%）, P 〈 0.01. The positive rates of survivin in IM （53.4%）, dysplasia （59.4%） and gastric carcinoma （65.3%） were significantly higher than in normal gastric mucosa （11.2%）, P 〈 0.01. Survivin expression gradually increased from 41.7% in well differentiated adenocarcinoma through 58.3% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma to 75.6% in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with significant Rank correlation, rk = 0.279, P 〈 0.01. The positive rate of survivin in gastric carcinoma of diffused type （74.6%） was significantly higher than that in intestinal type （51.3%）, P 〈 0.05. In gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis （76.9%）, the positive rate of survivin was significantly higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis （41.2%）, P 〈 0.01. In 98 cases of gastric carcinoma, the expression of YAP and of survivin were positively correlated, rk = 0.246, P 〈 0.01.
CONCLUSION： YAP may play an important role as a carcinogenic factor and may induce survivin expression. Detecting both markers together may help in early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.     

Expression of mucins and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma and their clinical significance

AIM: To investigate the expression of three types of mucin(MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC) and E-cadherin in human gastric carcinomas and their clinical significance. METHODS: Ninety-four gastric cancer specimens were classified according to WHO criteria and detected by immunohistochemical assay of expression of mucins and E-cadherin. RESULTS: The positive expression rates of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and E-cadherin were 82% (77/94), 84% (79/94), 40% (38/94) and 56% (53/94) respectively. MUC1 expression was significantly correlated with the types of cancer (the positive rates of MUC1 in well and moderately differentiated tubular adenocardnoma, poorly differentiated adenocardnoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma were 91%, 87%, 71%, 71%, respectively, P&lt;0.05), age of patients (the positive rates of it among the people who are younger than 40 years, between 40-60 years and over 60 yearwere 74%, 81%, 89%, P&lt;0.05), lymph nodes involvement (the positive rates in the non-interfered group and the interfered group were 78%, 85%, P&lt;0.05) and tumor size (the positive rates in the tumors with the size less than 3 cm, 3-6 cm and larger than 6 cm were 69%, 92%, 69%, P&lt;0.05); MUC2 expression was significantly associated with types of cancers and had the strongest expression in mucinous carcinomas (the posrdve rates of MUC2 in well and moderately differentiated tubular adenocardnoma, poorly differentiated adenocardnoma,signet-ring cell carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma were 94%, 70%, 81%, 100%, P&lt;0.05), but it had no obvious relation to age, gender, tumor location, lymph nodes involvement,depth of invasion and metastasis to extra-gastric organs (P&gt;0.05); MUC5AC expression was not related to any of the characteristics investigated except that it had relation to gender, whereas MUC5AC showed the tendency to higher expression in less invasive lesions and lower expression in advanced stage cancers (P&gt;0.05); No significant difference was found for E-cadherin expression. There were strong positive relationships between the expression of MUC1 and E-cadherin, MUC2 and E-cadherin, MUC1 and MUC2(R=0.33, R=0.22, R=0.32, respectively, P&lt;0.05). According to the COX proportional hazards model, older patients, involvement of lymph nodes, different types of gastri ccancer and MUC2 expression were significantly associated with poorer outcome of gastric carcinoma patients (β=0.08,β=3.94, β=1.33, β=0.75, respectively, P&lt;0.05). CONCLUSION: MUC1 and MUC2 are good markers of different types of gastric cancer. MUC2 is especially a good marker of mucinous carcinoma. MUCl, MUC2 may interfere with the function of E-cadherin in gastric carcinomas, and have synergic effect on progression of gastric cancers.     

胃癌组织中VEGF-C、VEGF-D、MMP-9的表达变化及意义

目的观察血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）C、D和基质金属蛋白酶MMP-9在胃癌组织中的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学染色检测108例胃癌手术切除标本中VEGF-C、D及MMP-9的表达情况,并以正常胃黏膜组织作为对照。结果VEGF-C、VEGF-D及MMP-9在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为55．7％、77．8％、75．0％,而在正常胃黏膜的阳性表达率分别为15．0％、20．0％、10．0％,三者的表达率在两组问均有明显差异（P均〈0．05）。伴淋巴结转移的胃癌病例其VEGF-D及MMP-9阳性表达率（87．0％,83．3％）高于无淋巴结转移者（31．5％,33．3％）,P均〈0．05;而VEGF-C在两组的阳性表达率相近,P〉0．05。结论VEGF-D及MMP-9的表达与胃癌分期、淋巴结转移关系密切,有望成为胃癌治疗的新靶点。     

胃癌雌孕激素受体表达与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的 探讨胃癌雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PgR)与幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染的关系.方法:采用S-P免疫组化染色法检测64例胃癌活检组织中ER和PgR.结果:胃癌ER和PgR的阳性表达明显高于肠化生、异型增生和慢性浅表性胃炎(P<0.01);HP阳性胃癌中ER和PgR明显高于HP阴性组(P<0.01);肠化生、异型增生ER和PgR在HP阳性和HP阴性组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:胃癌中ER和PgR表达与HP感染有相关性.