非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清胱抑素C、高敏C反应蛋白水平与罪犯病变血管内超声显像特征的相关性

目的观察非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清胱抑素C、高敏C反应蛋白水平,并探讨其与冠状动脉罪犯病变虚拟组织学-血管内超声(VH-IVUS)显像特征的相关性。方法根据临床症状、心电图、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ入选非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者70例和稳定型心绞痛患者44例,采用乳胶增强免疫比浊法测定入选患者血清胱抑素C水平。依据心电图中ST-T发生改变的导联、超声心动图中出现室壁运动异常的部位,结合冠状动脉造影检查发现复杂病变的部位综合确定罪犯血管病变。对病变进行血管内超声影像定量分析。然后将非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清胱抑素C、高敏C反应蛋白水平与VH-IVUS特点进行相关性分析。结果 (1)与稳定型心绞痛患者相比,非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清胱抑素C和高敏C反应蛋白水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。(2)与稳定型心绞痛患者比较,非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者罪犯病变斑块负荷、斑块截面积、坏死核心成分比例均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05)。(3)非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清胱抑素C水平与高敏C反应蛋白、坏死核心成份比例呈正相关(r值分别为0.634、0.602,均P0.01),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关(r=-0.466,P0.01);血清高敏C反应蛋白水平与斑块负荷、斑块截面积呈正相关(r值分别为0.454、0.427,P0.01或P0.05)。结论非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者罪犯病变斑块坏死核心成分比例与稳定型心绞痛患者差异明显,其血清胱抑素C水平也明显高于后者,且胱抑素C、高敏C反应蛋白与罪犯病变斑块的不稳定性密切相关,提示血清胱抑素C水平可以作为预测非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者斑块破裂风险的一项指标。     

多标记物联合对非ST段抬高的急性冠状动脉综合征患者危险分层的临床意义

非ST段抬高的急性冠状动脉综合征（non—STelevationacutecoronarysyndromes,NSTEACS）患者是一组预后不良的高危人群,年病死率达2％～18％,心肌梗死发生率为7％～21％。肌钙蛋白I（troponinI,TnI）、C反应蛋白（C—reactiveprotein,CRP）、B型钠尿肽（B-typenatriureticpeptide,BNP）的升高均与NSTEACS患者高死亡率和再发生缺血事件率相关。然而,联合应用这3个标记物对NSTEAcs患者进行危险分层的研究尚少。     

NSTEACS患者高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1和细胞间黏附分子1与GRACE评分的相关性

目的通过观察非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1与GRACE评分之间的关系,评价高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1以及细胞间黏附分子1在评估NSTEACS患者危险程度中的应用价值。方法随机选择NSTEACS患者进行GRACE评分,评分≤108分为低危组,109~140分为中危组,140分为高危组;随机选择冠状动脉造影阴性志愿者为对照组。检测各组血清中高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1的浓度,比较高、中、低危组与对照组中各指标的差异,同时分析各项指标与GRACE评分之间的相关性。结果低危组、中危组、高危组及对照组之间高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1浓度两两相比都有显著性差异;相关分析发现高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1浓度与GRACE评分之间存在显著正相关(r分别为0.498、0.561、0.526)。结论非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1与GRACE评分有密切关系,高敏C反应蛋白、血清高迁移率族蛋白1、细胞间黏附分子1在评估NSTEACS患者危险程度中有一定的应用价值。     

肌钙蛋白Ⅰ结合心电图aVR导联ST段变化对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征临床预后的评估

目的结合实验室检测肌钙蛋白Ⅰ与心电图aVR导联ST段抬高情况,探讨二者在非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者的预后评估中的价值。方法入选非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者255例,采血检验肌钙蛋白Ⅰ,并详细测量心电图AVR导联ST段抬高情况,均行冠脉造影,根据具体情况分别行冠脉介入治疗、冠脉搭桥手术及药物保守治疗,随访6个月,观察终点为不良心血管事件,包括心肌梗死(包括再梗)、心血管死亡和血运重建。结果在随访的6个月内,肌钙蛋白Ⅰ值(OR=7.01,95%CI=1.22～12.63,P=0.02)和aVR导联ST段抬高值(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.084～1.751,P=0.009)是患者发生死亡和心肌梗死(包括再梗)的独立危险因素;同时,肌钙蛋白Ⅰ值(OR=1.249,95%CI=1.114～1.501,P0.01)和aVR导联ST段抬高值(OR=2.03,95%CI=1.20～4.29,P=0.04)亦是患者不良心血管事件(包括死亡、心肌梗死及血运重建术)发生的独立危险因素。在NSTE-ACS患者中,肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的升高的同时aVR导联ST段抬高者,其左主干病变或三支冠状动脉血管病变发生,以及不良心血管事件(包括死亡、心肌梗死、再梗、血运重建)的发生均是最高的。结论在临床中结合肌钙蛋白Ⅰ和心电图aVR导联ST段变化,可以早期应用于非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者预后的判断。     

非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征介入治疗对心功能的影响

非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征包括不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死。非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者往往伴有心功能不全,严重影响患者生存质量和预后。近年来研究表明介入治疗可以使狭窄闭塞的冠状动脉再通,心肌得到再灌注,对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征患者心功能改善有很大帮助。     

三项生化指标联合检测在急性冠状动脉综合征患者临床诊断中的意义

目的探讨心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)和N末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)及高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)3项生化指标联合检测在急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)临床诊断中的应用价值。方法选择ACS患者134例,其中不稳定性心绞痛(UAP组)患者49例,ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI组)患者37例,非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI组)患者48例。用电化学发光双抗体夹心法检测cTnT、NT-proBNP,免疫透射比浊法检测hs-CRP;通过绘制ROC曲线和建立logistic回归模型,分析各指标单独和联合检测在UAP、NSTEMI及STEMI诊疗中的作用。结果 UAP组(除外cTnT)、NSTEMI组及STEMI组患者血清cTnT、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与cTnT、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP单独检测比较,3项指标联合检测ACS各组ROC曲线下面积最大,敏感性和特异性最好。结论联合检测cTnT、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP能明显改善ACS中UAP的诊断效果,对于NSTEMI和其他急性心肌梗死也能使敏感性和特异性达到最优化,但对区分NSTEMI和其他急性心肌梗死效果不明显。     

床旁定量心脏标志物检测的前瞻性研究

目的 床旁定量检测心脏标志物与中心实验室检测的相关性,探讨床旁心脏标志物尤其肌钙蛋白诊断心肌坏死或心肌损伤的价值。方法 连续收入院的123例心内科住院患者,其中17例诊断为ST段抬高心肌梗死患者,56例诊断为非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,另外50例为其他心脏病患者。入院后即刻采血,标本同时送中心实验室和行床旁检测,观察两种检测方法各标志物的相关性,和床旁肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(TnI)诊断非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征的价值。结果 在冠心病患者床旁定量检测的TnI、肌红蛋白(MYO)和肌酸激酶-同工酶(CK-MB)与中心实验室测定结果相关性良好。在ST段抬高心肌梗死患者,TnI床旁与中心实验室检查的结果符合率为:100％,而在非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,其敏感性不高(68.2％),但特异性接近100％。结论 床旁定量检测TnI对于ST段抬高心肌梗死患者的诊断与临床和中心实验室完全符合,但在非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者,床旁定量检测敏感性不及中心实验室,不宜用于危险分层或者非ST段抬高心肌梗死的诊断。     

心电图在非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征临床应用中的价值

早期危险分层对于非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者选择合适的治疗方案十分重要。心电图是临床工作中十分常用的一种辅助检查工具,已被广泛应用于非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征的危险分层,ST段压低对心脏事件有显著预测价值。此外,有研究表明QRS波增宽、avR导联的ST段抬高也是非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者左主干/三支血管病变非常有价值的预测因子。现就心电图在非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征中的临床意义做一综述。     

体温升高对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接PCI术后的影响

目的观察急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后体温升高对其近期预后的不良影响。方法回顾性分析282例直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,按照直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者住院期间所测体温的峰值分为两组:体温37.5℃(体温升高组)和体温≤37.5℃(对照组)。比较两组6个月主要心脏不良事件的发生率(心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死及再血管化重建)。结果体温升高组占总人数37.6%(106/282)。白细胞计数、高敏C反应蛋白及肌钙蛋白I水平体温升高组均高于对照组(P0.05);既往心肌梗死发生频率及左心室射血分数体温升高组均低于对照组(P0.05);在高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、血管造影及介入治疗等方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。6个月主要心脏不良事件体温升高组患者明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论体温升高是急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后近期预后的不良预测因子。     

非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者TIMI危险积分与血浆脑钠肽的相关性

目的探讨非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征（NSTEACS）患者TIMI危险积分与血浆脑钠肽（BNP）水平的相关性。方法收集85例非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者，以临床预测变量对其进行TIMI危险评分积分，并进行危险层次分层，酶联免疫吸附法检测患者血浆脑钠尿肽水平，分析其与TIMI危险积分不同层次之间的关系。结果血浆BNP水平与TIMI危险积分呈正相关（r=0．71，P〈0．05）；随着TIMI危险积分评分值增加，患者血浆BNP水平亦逐渐升高，随访期主要心血管事件发生率也增多（P〈0．05）。结论TIMI危险评分与BNP水平呈正相关，并与NSTACS预后有关，能够对NSTEACS患者进行危险分层。     

Impact of statin therapy on coronary intervention for non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome with decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

OBJECTIVES: The benefits of treating patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with statins are well established. This study investigated the effects of statins on patients who presented with low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, were diagnosed with non-ST elevation ACS, and subsequently underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). METHODS: From 2000 to 2003, 87 patients(mean age 68 +/- 10 years, 69 males, 18 females) underwent PCI because of non-ST elevation ACS, and had low LDL cholesterol on presentation. These patients were divided into two groups: those who had been taking statins (S-group, n = 46), and those not taking statins, or controls (C-group, n = 41). Only patients whose LDL cholesterol was < 100 mg/dl at admission (average: 82 +/- 12 mg/dl) were included in the study. Troponin-T (TnT), creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, and high-sense C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured before and 6 hr after PCI. The two groups were evaluated at 6 months clinical follow-up. RESULTS: There was no difference in these markers before PCI in both groups. TnT and CK-MB in the S-group at 6 hr post-PCI were significantly decreased compared to those of the C-group (0.45 +/- 1.34 vs 1.40 +/- 2.37 ng/ml, respectively, for TnT, p = 0.04; 17.2 +/- 45.5 vs 81.3 +/- 157.2 IU/l, respectively, for CK-MB, p = 0.02). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as death, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and target lesion revascularization were evaluated after 6 months. There was no difference in MACE between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Statin treatment before PCI in patients with non-ST elevation ACS demonstrated beneficial effects such as less myocardial damage, even though both groups presented with low LDL cholesterol levels. However, no significant effect on MACE was seen at 6 months after PCI.     

Concurrent evaluation of novel cardiac biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome: myeloperoxidase and soluble CD40 ligand and the risk of recurrent ischaemic events in TACTICS-TIMI 18.

AIMS: We investigated the prognostic performance of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) along with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) for non-fatal recurrent ischaemic events in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured plasma MPO and sCD40L in 1524 patients with ACS treated with tirofiban and randomized to early invasive vs. conservative management in the TACTICS-TIMI 18 trial who survived to 180 days. Patients with elevated baseline MPO (>884 pM) were at higher risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction or rehospitalization for ACS at 30 days (9.3 vs. 4.6%, P < 0.001). In contrast, no difference was observed with higher sCD40L (>989 pg/mL, 7.6 vs. 6.3%, P = 0.31). MPO remained associated with recurrent ischaemic events after adjustment for age, ST-deviation, diabetes, prior coronary artery disease, heart failure, cTnI, hsCRP, and sCD40L (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.36-3.23, P = 0.001). This association was attenuated by 180 days (OR 1.26; 0.95-1.68). Stratification using baseline MPO, BNP, and cTnI identified a >3-fold gradient of risk. CONCLUSION: MPO adds to BNP and cTnI for short-term risk assessment for recurrent ischaemic events in non-ST elevation ACS. sCD40L was not associated with risk in this population treated with a platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist.     

强化阿托伐他汀对急性冠状动脉综合征患者选择性介入治疗围手术期的影响

目的探讨负荷剂量阿托伐他汀对非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者PCI围手术期的影响。方法将81例NSTEACS患者随机分为负荷治疗组41例和标准治疗组40例,负荷治疗组PCI术前12 h顿服阿托伐他汀80 mg,PCI术前2 h追加阿托伐他汀40 mg。2组术前、术后8和24 h抽取肘静脉血,检测血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、血浆肌钙蛋白(cTnI)和高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)等。随访30 d主要不良心脏事件发生率。结果与PCI术前比较,2组PCI术后CK-MB、cTnI和hs CRP均明显升高(P0.01),但负荷治疗组CK-MB、cTnI和hs-CRP升高水平显著低于标准治疗组(P0.01)。负荷治疗组心肌损伤标记物升高发生率较标准治疗组显著降低(7.3%vs 32.5%,P=0.003;24.4%vs 47.5%,P=0.030)。负荷治疗组主要不良心脏事件发生率较标准治疗组低(2.4% vs 22.5%,P=0.01 61),心肌梗死发生率下降(2.4%vs20.0%,P=0.0307)。结论 NSTEACS患者PCI术前应用阿托伐他汀负荷剂量,能减少PCI术对患者造成的心肌损伤及炎性反应,还可降低PCI术后不良心脏事件的发生,而且安全有效。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者脑利钠肽水平与左心室射血分数的相关性研究

目的观察急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者临床特点,探讨血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)水平与左心室射血分数(LVEF)的关系。方法选取连续入院的124例ACS患者,记录其各项危险因素,测定血浆BNP水平和LVEF,分析男性(87例)与女性(37例)患者之间、ST段抬高型ACS患者(72例)与非ST段抬高型ACS患者(52例)之间以上指标的特点;探讨BNP水平与LVEF的相关性。结果 (1)与非ST段抬高型ACS组比较,ST段抬高型ACS组中有明确高血压病史者比例较高[69.4%(50/72)比46.1%(24/52)],BNP水平较高[(314.77±69.63)ng/L比(117.20±22.73)ng/L],而LVEF较低[(54.72%±11.71%)比(64.07%±11.18%)],差异均具有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);两组患者的性别构成比(男/女:33/19比54/18)、平均年龄[(63.1±9.5)岁比(66.0±11.7)岁]、糖尿病病史[16例(30.8%)比20例(27.8%)]、血脂异常病史[4例(7.7%)比13例(18.1%)]及吸烟史[30例(57.7%)比46例(63.9%)]差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);(2)女性患者患病年龄晚于男性[(69.9±8.4)岁比(62.6±11.1)岁],具有高血压病史者女性多于男性[73.0%(27/37)比54.0%(47/87)],有吸烟史者女性少于男性[16.2%(6/37)比80.5%(70/87)],BNP水平女性高于男性[(402.84±89.22)ng/L比(159.22±30.57)ng/L],LVEF则女性低于男性[(57.07%±12.67%)比(62.35%±10.82%)],差异均具有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);两组间糖尿病患者比例[25.3%(22/87)比37.8%(14/37)]、高脂血症患者比例[17.2%(15/87)比5.4%(2/37)]及非ST段抬高型ACS患者比例[37.9%(33/87)比51.4%(19/37)],差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);(3)ACS患者BNP与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.349,P<0.05)。结论 ST段抬高型ACS患者较非ST段抬高型ACS患者高血压患病率高、BNP水平高而LVEF低;女性较男性ACS患者高血压患病率高,BNP水平高而LVEF低。BNP可作为早期评估ACS患者心功能水平的指标。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清BNP水平与hs-CRP、cTNI水平的相关性研究

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清脑利钠肽(BNP)与高敏C反-应蛋白(hs-CRP)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTNI)指标的相关性及其在ACS患者危险分层中可能的临床意义。方法ACS患者41例包括急性心肌梗死患者21例和不稳定型心绞痛患者20例;稳定型心绞痛患者29例和与之年龄、性别等相匹配的30例对照者进入本研究。酶联免疫吸附法测定血清BNP水平,免疫比浊法测定hs-CRP水平,化学发光法测定cTNI水平。结果急性心肌梗死组和不稳定型心绞痛组患者的血清BNP水平均明显高于稳定型心绞痛和对照组患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01和P<0.05);在ACS组中,BNP与cTNI和hs-CRP具有相关性(r分别为0.67和0.91,P<0.05)。结论①血清BNP水平在ACS患者中明显升高,可作为辅助诊断指标之一。②ACS患者血清BNP水平升高程度与同期测定的血清hs-CRP、cTNI水平呈显著正相关。     

Impact of the revised criteria for acute myocardial infarction using cardiac troponins in a Japanese population with acute coronary syndromes.

BACKGROUND: The clinical implications of applying the new criteria of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with cardiac troponins in terms of their diagnostic and prognostic impact in patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have not been well evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study group comprised 973 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as having ACS with or without ST elevation (STE). They were divided into 3 groups: unstable angina (UA) group (n=195) representing patients with no significant elevations of creatine kinase (CK) and troponin T (TnT); TnT-myocardial infarction (MI) group (n=170) with TnT elevation and no CK elevation (additionally detected AMI by the new criteria); CK-MI group (n=608) with significant elevation of CK (AMI by the old criteria). In the TnT-MI group, 140 (76%) patients had non-STE ACS. In-hospital mortality rates for STE ACS were 0%, 2.5% and 9.7% in the UA, TnT-MI and CK-MI groups, respectively. The corresponding values for non-STE ACS were 1.8%, 4.6%, and 16.5%, respectively (p<0.0001), suggesting a pivotal role of TnT. In multiple logistic regression analysis, significant CK elevation was selected as an independent predictor of in-hospital death in concurrence with age > or =75 years, prior MI, shock and low left ventricular ejection fraction in non-STE ACS. CONCLUSIONS: The new criteria result in a substantial increase in the diagnosis of AMI from non-STE ACS in particular. They assist greatly in detailed risk stratification of ACS patients, notably in cooperation with the old CK criteria.     

Natriuretic peptides for risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes

Natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP) have been shown to be useful tools for risk stratification of patients with acute myocardial ischemia encompassing the whole spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), particularly for prediction of mortality. Both BNP and NT-proBNP possess several characteristics of the ideal biomarker, showing independent and incremental prognostic value above traditional clinical, electrocardiographic, and biochemical (particularly troponin) risk indicators. Specifically, in ACS patients, BNP and NT-proBNP have powerful prognostic value both in patients without a history of previous heart failure or without clinical or instrumental signs of left ventricular dysfunction on admission or during hospital stay. They can also be easily and rapidly measured in an emergency context. We have performed a meta-analysis of available studies concerning the prognostic value of natriuretic peptides. Our results show that the prognostic value of natriuretic peptides is similar: (1) both at short- and long-term; (2) when natriuretic peptides are measured at first patient contact or during hospital stay; (3) for BNP or NT-proBNP; and (4) in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction or no ST elevation ACS. These data suggest that natriuretic peptide measurement should be integrated into routine evaluation of patients with an ACS.     

Impact of on-site cardiac interventional facilities on management and outcome of patients with acute coronary syndromes

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of on-site cardiac interventional facilities on the management and outcome of patients with versus those without ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the Canadian-American Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) IIb population. METHODS: Data from 4605 patients were analyzed in relation to the admitting hospital's capability to perform coronary procedures (noninvasive, angiography-capable and interventional hospitals). Differences in medication use, revascularization rate and patient outcome were determined. RESULTS: Whereas medication use during hospitalization and at discharge differed between non-ST elevation ACS patients treated in the three groups, these were generally more comparable among ST elevation ACS patients. In both ST segment cohorts, patients treated in interventional hospitals underwent coronary procedures more often (angiography rate greater than 70% versus 40% for noninvasive hospitals) and sooner (median two to three days versus four days in noninvasive hospitals) than those treated in other hospitals. Recurrent ischemia was significantly less common in non-ST elevation ACS patients treated in interventional hospitals (32% versus 36% in angiography-capable and 40% in noninvasive hospitals, P<0.001) and tended to be less common among ST elevation ACS patients treated in interventional hospitals. Patients treated in interventional hospitals tended to have lower mortality in the non-ST elevation ACS cohort but significantly fewer died in the ST elevation ACS during hospitalization and at 30 days, six months and one year (8.8% versus 11% in angiography-capable and 15% in noninvasive hospitals, P=0.015). These differences in mortality persisted after adjustment for key baseline covariates. Separate analysis of Canadian and American patients revealed similar mortality patterns, as to the total population, in both ST segment cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of an on-site cardiac interventional facility favourably affected the management and outcome of ACS patients in both non-ST and ST elevation cohorts.     

A prospective survey of the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes in Europe and the Mediterranean basin; the Euro Heart Survey of Acute Coronary Syndromes (Euro Heart Survey ACS).

AIMS: To better delineate the characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in representative countries across Europe and the Mediterranean basin, and to examine adherence to current guidelines. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a prospective survey (103 hospitals, 25 countries) of 10484 patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. The initial diagnosis was ST elevation ACS in 42.3%, non-ST elevation ACS in 51.2%, and undetermined electrocardiogram ACS in 6.5%. The discharge diagnosis was Q wave myocardial infarction in 32.8%, non-Q wave myocardial infarction in 25.3%, and unstable angina in 41.9%. The use of aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and heparins for patients with ST elevation ACS were 93.0%, 77.8%, 62.1%, and 86.8%, respectively, with corresponding rates of 88.5%, 76.6%, 55.8%, and 83.9% for non-ST elevation ACS patients. Coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary interventions, and coronary bypass surgery were performed in 56.3%, 40.4%, and 3.4% of ST elevation ACS patients, respectively, with corresponding rates of 52.0%, 25.4%, and 5.4% for non-ST elevation ACS patients. Among patients with ST elevation ACS, 55.8% received reperfusion treatment; 35.1% fibrinolytic therapy and 20.7% primary percutaneous coronary interventions. The in-hospital mortality of patients with ST elevation ACS was 7.0%, for non-ST elevation ACS 2.4%, and for undetermined electrocardiogram ACS 11.8%. At 30 days, mortality was 8.4%, 3.5%, and 13.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This survey demonstrates the discordance between existing guidelines for ACS and current practice across a broad region in Europe and the Mediterranean basin and more extensively reflects the outcomes of ACS in real practice in this region.     

Relation of C-reactive protein to extent and complexity of coronary narrowing in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. A prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers have been associated with adverse clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). In addition, angiographic plaque morphology and extension of coronary artery disease has been related to worse prognosis in this group of patients. The aim of the present study was to determine if the clinical prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, can by associated with the angiographic findings in patients with non-ST elevation ACS. METHODS: This prospective multicenter cohort study included 1253 patients with non-ST elevation ACS. CRP, which was considered positive (+) if >/=3 mg/l, was measured at a median of 9 h from symptoms onset and were kept blinded until the end of the study. Coronary angiography was performed in 633 patients (50%). The presence of complex coronary lesions (CCLs) was defined as the presence of any of the following: thrombus (+), Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow 相似文献