3,5-二亚苄基哌啶-4-酮类化合物的合成及其体外抗肿瘤活性

目的 合成3,5-二亚苄基哌啶-4-酮类化合物,并对其体外抗肿瘤活性进行初步评价。方法 以芳香醛、4-哌啶酮为原料,通过Claisen-Schmidt缩合制备目标化合物。采用MTT法测试目标化合物对人慢性粒细胞白血病急变细胞株K562增殖的抑制活性,考察部分化合物对多种肿瘤细胞株的抑制活性。结果与结论 合成了7个未见报道的3,5-二亚苄基哌啶-4-酮类化合物,其结构经¹H-NMR和MS谱确证;5个目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性明显强于姜黄素。     

4-芳氨基-6-溴喹唑啉类化合物的合成及抗肿瘤活性的初步研究

目的 设计合成新的4-芳氨基-6-溴喹唑啉类化合物,并评价其抗肿瘤活性。 方法 以4-氯-6-溴喹唑啉和含有不同取代基的(E)-氨基二苯乙烯或4-[2-（2-呋喃基）]乙烯基苯胺为原料,经过亲核取代反应合成了5种目标化合物。采用MTT法,以人低分化胃癌细胞（BGC-823）和人肺癌细胞（A549）为受试细胞株对目标化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。 结果与结论 所得化合物的结构利用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR和元素分析进行了确认。5种化合物对BGC-823和A549两种细胞模型的体外抗肿瘤活性测试结果表明,大部分化合物具有较好的抗肿瘤活性。     

N-取代-2, 6-哌啶二酮类氨肽酶 N (APN/CD13) 抑制剂的 合成及生物活性

目的 寻找具有较高 APN 酶抑制活性的新型化合物。方法 以光学纯的 L-谷氨酰胺为原料,经 Boc 保护、环合、取代、脱 Boc 保护、缩合、催化氢化、缩合、脱 Boc 保护成盐等反应合成目标化合物。并对目标化合物进行了初步的体外抑酶活性试验。结果 合成了 1 个未见文献报道的 N-取代-2, 6-哌啶二酮类氨肽酶 N(APN/CD13)抑制剂：(R)-2-氨基-N-((S)-1-(2-(2-(二甲胺基)乙氨基)-2-氧乙基)-2,6-二氧哌啶-3-基)-3-苯丙酰胺,其结构经核磁共振氢谱和电喷雾质谱确证。结论 目标化合物对 APN 表现出一定的抑制活性,其 IC₅₀ 值为56.4 μmol•L^-1,但低于阳性对照药 Bestatin （IC₅₀ 值为 3.6 μmol•L^-1）。通过进一步的结构修饰,有望找到活性更好的化合物。     

3-取代苯甲酰基-4H-色烯-4-酮的合成及其抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性研究

目的 设计合成3-苯甲酰基-4H-色烯-4-酮类化合物,并测定其体外抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性。 方法 以焦性没食子酸和取代苯甲酸为原料,经Friedel-Crafts酰基化、Baker-Venkataraman重排等反应合成目标化合物,初步测定了目标化合物的抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性。结果 共合成8个3-苯甲酰基-4H-色烯-4-酮类化合物,其结构经核磁共振氢谱和质谱确证。化合物2a、2e呈现边缘抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性。结论 在具有抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性的天然产物(S)-3-(4-甲氧苄基)-7,8-亚甲二氧基二氢高异黄酮的2,3-位引入双键、7,8-位更换为甲氧基以及9位以羰基替代亚甲基均会导致抗快速增殖分枝杆菌活性的大幅降低。     

强效镇痛剂研究 Ⅲ.3,5-桥丙烷基哌啶类衍生物的合成

本文根据3,5-桥丙烷哌啶类(Ⅰ)及芬太尼类镇痛剂化学结构与药理作用的特点,合成了3-甲基-3,5-桥丙烷基哌啶类衍生物(Ⅳ)及一类新的合并两者结构后的合成镇痛剂N-[1-(β-芳乙基)-3-甲基(或氢)-3,5-桥丙烷基哌啶基]-N-丙酰芳胺(Ⅲ)。药理初筛表明,所有这些化合物的镇痛强度大多均与吗啡同一水平。     

2-(E)-(4-甲磺酰基)亚苄基环戊酮Mannich碱类化合物的合成及其抗炎活性

目的设计合成2-(E)-(4-甲磺酰基)亚苄基环戊酮Mannich碱类化合物,并对其抗炎活性进行初步评价.方法以环戊酮、4-甲磺酰基苯甲醛及胺类化合物为原料,经多步反应合成目标化合物,并以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型测试目标化合物的抗炎活性.结果与结论共合成10个新化合物,经1H-NMR和MS确证其结构.初步药理实验结果显示9个目标化合物均具有一定的抗炎活性.     

2-(E)-(4-甲磺酰氨基)亚苄基环戊酮Mannich碱类化合物的合成及抗炎活性

目的设计合成2-(E)-(4-甲磺酰氨基)亚苄基环戊酮Mannich碱类化合物,并对其抗炎活性进行初步评价.方法以环戊酮、4-硝基苯甲醛及胺类化合物为原料,经多步反应合成目标化合物,并以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型测试目标化合物的抗炎活性.结果与结论共合成11个新化合物,经IR、1H-NMR和MS确证其结构.初步药理实验结果显示,化合物6f、6i具有一定的抗炎活性.     

苯基呋喃-2-甲酮类化合物的合成及其抑制血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）增殖活性

目的 合成系列新型苯基呋喃-2-甲酮类化合物, 测定其体外血清诱导血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）增殖抑制活性并初步探讨其构效关系。方法 以取代苯甲酸和呋喃甲酸为原料, 经多步反应制得目标化合物; 通过标准胚胎血清（FBS）诱导的VSMC增殖模型测定化合物抑制VSMC增殖活性。结果与结论 合成了18个化合物, 其中9个为未见文献报道的新化合物,其结构经ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR 确证, 总收率70%～95%。体外活性实验表明, 18个目标化合物中,有15个在质量浓度为5.0 μg&;#8226;mL-1时有一定的抑制活性,其中新化合物7b、11a及化合物3c表现出较强的抑制活性,新化合物11a的IC50值为2.52 μg&;#8226;mL-1。     

2,3,3a,4-四氢硫色烯并[4,3-c]吡唑类化合物的合成及其体外抗真菌活性研究

目的 设计合成2,3,3a,4-四氢硫色烯并[4,3-c]吡唑类化合物，并对其体外抗真菌活性进行初步评价。方法 以取代苯硫酚为起始原料，合成中间体3-次苄基硫色满酮，该中间体与水合肼在热醋酸中反应生成目标化合物。采用二倍稀释法对4种受试真菌—絮状表皮毛癣菌(E. floccosum)、石膏样小孢子菌(M. gypseum)、绿色木霉菌(T. viride)和断发毛癣菌(T. tonsurans)进行体外抗真菌活性测试。结果 合成了12个新的2,3,3a,4-四氢硫色烯并[4,3-c]吡唑类化合物，其结构经氢核磁共振谱、质谱和元素分析确证。抗真菌实验结果表明，所合成的目标化合物对供试真菌具有一定程度的抑制活性。结论 2,3,3a,4-四氢硫色烯并[4,3-c]吡唑类化合物具有体外抗真菌活性。     

2-（E）-亚苄基-5-芳氨基甲基环戊醇类化合物的合成及其抗炎活性研究

目的设计合成2-（E）-亚苄基-5-芳氨基甲基环戊醇类化合物，并对其抗炎活性进行初步的评价。方法以环戊酮为起始原料，通过Stork烯胺反应、Mannich缩合反应、胺交换反应和选择性还原制备目标化合物；以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型测试目标化合物的抗炎活性。结果共合成16个新化合物，其结构经^1H-NMR和MS谱确证。结论初步药理实验结果显示，4个目标化合物具有较强的抗炎活性。     

4-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲基)姜黄素合成及其抗肿瘤活性

目的:合成4-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲基)姜黄素(C086),并对其体内外抗肿瘤活性进行评价。方法:以芳香醛、乙酰丙酮为原料,Knovenagel缩合、氢化还原、Claisen-Schmidt缩合三步反应制备目标化合物。以姜黄素为对照,MTT法考察目标化合物对人慢性粒细胞白血病急变细胞株K562、人急性髓系白血病细胞株HL-60、人肝肿瘤细胞株HepG2、小鼠黑色素瘤细胞株B-16、人结肠癌细胞株SW480、人神经母细胞瘤细胞株SH-SY5Y、人胰腺癌细胞株Bxpc-3、人胃癌细胞株MGC80-3的抑制活性。考察目标化合物体内抑制人结肠癌SW480裸鼠移植性肿瘤活性。结果:目标化合物结构经核磁和质谱确证,对上述细胞株的IC50值依次为2.90,4.11,4.11,3.55,4.78,7.92,18.8,17.1μmol.L-1,均明显比姜黄素强,100mg.kg-1.d-1灌胃给药对人结肠癌SW480裸鼠移植性肿瘤的抑瘤率为40.7%,小鼠的体质量无明显减轻。结论:合成了4-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲基)姜黄素,体外对多种肿瘤细胞抑制活性明显强于Cur,体内能明显抑制结肠癌移植瘤的生长。     

Inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway by the curcumin analog, 3,5-Bis(2-pyridinylmethylidene)-4-piperidone (EF31): anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a key signaling molecule in the elaboration of the inflammatory response. Data indicate that curcumin, a natural ingredient of the curry spice turmeric, acts as a NF-κB inhibitor and exhibits both anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Curcumin analogs with enhanced activity on NF-κB and other inflammatory signaling pathways have been developed including the synthetic monoketone compound 3,5-Bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone (EF24). 3,5-Bis(2-pyridinylmethylidene)-4-piperidone (EF31) is a structurally-related curcumin analog whose potency for NF-κB inhibition has yet to be determined. To examine the activity of EF31 compared to EF24 and curcumin, mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with EF31, EF24, curcumin (1-100 μM) or vehicle (DMSO 1%) for 1h. NF-κB pathway activity was assessed following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL). EF31 (IC(50)~5 μM) exhibited significantly more potent inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB DNA binding compared to both EF24 (IC(50)~35 μM) and curcumin (IC(50) >50 μM). In addition, EF31 exhibited greater inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation as well as the induction of downstream inflammatory mediators including pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and protein (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6). Regarding the mechanism of these effects on NF-κB, EF31 (IC(50)~1.92 μM) exhibited significantly greater inhibition of IκB kinase β compared to EF24 (IC(50)~131 μM). Finally, EF31 demonstrated potent toxicity in NF-κB-dependent cancer cell lines while having minimal and reversible toxicity in RAW264.7 macrophages. These data indicate that EF31 is a more potent inhibitor of NF-κB activity than either EF24 or curcumin while exhibiting both anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Thus, EF31 represents a promising curcumin analog for further therapeutic development.     

Inhibition of IkappaB kinase-nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway by 3,5-bis(2-flurobenzylidene)piperidin-4-one (EF24), a novel monoketone analog of curcumin

The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway has been targeted for therapeutic applications in a variety of human diseases, includuing cancer. Many naturally occurring substances, including curcumin, have been investigated for their actions on the NF-kappaB pathway because of their significant therapeutic potential and safety profile. A synthetic monoketone compound termed 3,5-bis(2-flurobenzylidene)piperidin-4-one (EF24) was developed from curcumin and exhibited potent anticancer activity. Here, we report a mechanism by which EF24 potently suppresses the NF-kappaB signaling pathway through direct action on IkappaB kinase (IKK). We demonstrate that 1) EF24 induces death of lung, breast, ovarian, and cervical cancer cells, with a potency about 10 times higher than that of curcumin; 2) EF24 rapidly blocks the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, with an IC(50) value of 1.3 microM compared with curcumin, with an IC(50) value of 13 microM; 3) EF24 effectively inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced IkappaB phosphorylation and degradation, suggesting a role of this compound in targeting IKK; and 4) EF24 indeed directly inhibits the catalytic activity of IKK in an in vitro-reconstituted system. Our study identifies IKK as an effective target for EF24 and provides a molecular explanation for a superior activity of EF24 over curcumin. The effective inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB signaling by EF24 extends the therapeutic application of EF24 to other NF-kappaB-dependent diseases, including inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.     

Synthetic derivatives of curcumin and their activity against Leishmania amazonensis

In a previous work, the in vitro and in vivo activity of a series of diarylheptanoid derivatives against Leishmania amazonensis has been described. Based on the promising results, ten new compounds belonging to the same chemical class were synthesized and have been investigated in relation to their leishmanicidal activity. The compounds were obtained through several chemical modifications on the basic structure of curcumin (1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) in an attempt to increase its effectiveness and decrease the potential toxic effects. The drugs were assayed in vitro against L. amazonensis promastigotes and using pentamidine isethionate as reference drug. The results showed that the most effective compound is 1,7-bis-(4-propargyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione, which is about ten times more efficient than the original curcumin. Nevertheless, these results did not allow us to make any correlation between the leishmanicidal activity and the chemical structure of the compounds.     

Effect of curcumin on platelet aggregation and vascular prostacyclin synthesis

In vitro and ex vivo effects of 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (diferuloylmethane, curcumin) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the synthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2) and on platelet aggregation has been studied in rat. Both drugs inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, epinephrine (adrenaline)- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in monkey plasma. Pretreatment with ASA (25-100 mg/kg), but not curcumin (100-300 mg/kg), inhibited PGI2 synthesis in rat aorta. In the in vitro system, too, curcumin caused a slight increase in the synthesis of PGI2, while ASA inhibited it. Curcumin may, therefore, be preferable in patients prone to vascular thrombosis and requiring antiarthritic therapy.     

Curcumin inhibits WEHI-3 leukemia cells in BALB/c mice in vivo

Curcumin (1, 7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5- dione), a natural polyphenol product of the plant Curcuma longa, exhibited potent inhibitory activities against proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and exhibited the induction of apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. In our previous studies, we have shown that curcumin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on human leukemia HL-60 and mouse leukemia WEHI-3 cells; there are no reports regarding whether or not it affects leukemia cells in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on WEHI-3 in BALB/c mice and the results indicated that curcumin reduces the percentage of Mac-3 marker, which is the precursor of macrophage. Curcumin induced significant effects on the population of B cells from murine leukemia in vivo. We also investigated the weights of spleen and liver from murine leukemia and the results showed that curcumin reduced the weight of the liver and spleen. From the pathological examinations, the effects of curcumin on the liver and spleen from mice after being injected with WEHI-3 cells were apparent. Both organs were enlarged. In conclusion, curcumin affect WEHI-3 cells in vivo.     

Bioavailability of curcumin: problems and promises

Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from dietary spice turmeric, possesses diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Phase I clinical trials have shown that curcumin is safe even at high doses (12 g/day) in humans but exhibit poor bioavailability. Major reasons contributing to the low plasma and tissue levels of curcumin appear to be due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and rapid systemic elimination. To improve the bioavailability of curcumin, numerous approaches have been undertaken. These approaches involve, first, the use of adjuvant like piperine that interferes with glucuronidation; second, the use of liposomal curcumin; third, curcumin nanoparticles; fourth, the use of curcumin phospholipid complex; and fifth, the use of structural analogues of curcumin (e.g., EF-24). The latter has been reported to have a rapid absorption with a peak plasma half-life. Despite the lower bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy of curcumin against various human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, arthritis, neurological diseases and Crohn's disease, has been documented. Enhanced bioavailability of curcumin in the near future is likely to bring this promising natural product to the forefront of therapeutic agents for treatment of human disease.     

姜黄素具有抑制血管生成与诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡双重作用

目的　探讨姜黄素的抗肿瘤机制。方法　采用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜模型观察姜黄素对血管生成的影响 ;利用培养的肿瘤细胞SMMC 772 1,采用电子显微镜及流式细胞仪观察姜黄素诱导SMMC 772 1细胞凋亡的作用。结果　姜黄素能明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜内的血管生成 ,2 0 μmol·L-1的姜黄素即可诱导SMMC 772 1细胞凋亡。结论　姜黄素的抗肿瘤机制是多方面的 ,既可抑制血管生成又可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡     

New water-soluble duocarmycin derivatives: synthesis and antitumor activity of A-ring pyrrole compounds bearing beta-heteroarylacryloyl groups

A series of A-ring pyrrole compounds of duocarmycin bearing 4'-methoxy-beta-heteroarylacryloyl groups were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anticellular activity against HeLa S3 cells and in vivo antitumor activity against murine sarcoma 180 in mice. Most of the 4'-methoxy-beta-heteroarylacrylates displayed in vitro anticellular activity equivalent to that of 4'-methoxycinnamates. Among the 8-O-[(N-methylpiperazinyl)carbonyl] derivatives of 4'-methoxy-beta-heteroarylacrylates, compound 15b having a (4-methoxy-3,5-pyrimidinyl)acryloyl as segment-B (Seg-B) showed remarkably potent in vivo antitumor activity and low peripheral blood toxicity compared with the A-ring pyrrole derivatives having the trimethoxyindole skeleton in Seg-B, which were equal to 8-O-[(N-methylpiperazinyl)carbonyl] derivatives of 4'-methoxycinnamates. Moreover, these 8-O-[(N-methylpiperazinyl)carbonyl] derivatives of 4'-methoxy-beta-heteroarylacrylates had high aqueous solubility.