绝经妇女体脂改变与相关的慢性疾病

肥胖已成为一个社会问题，人们对于脂肪的研究发现肥胖与慢性病的发生密切相关，体脂分布对机体代谢影响存在差异，脂肪作为内分泌器官功能的发现无疑对体脂与慢性病发生机制的研究提供了广阔的领域。男女体脂分布特点的不同，提示性激素对于体脂代谢有明显的影响，激素补充治疗已成为缓解更年期症状的最好方法，随着人们生活水平的提高，对于绝经问题的关注，对绝经妇女体脂变化及其与慢性病发生的关系、激素补充治疗对体脂的影响问题的研究具有重大意义。     

脑梗死与代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的 探讨代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)及其各单一组分危险因素对不同类型脑梗死(cerebral infarction, CI)的影响.方法 选择符合纳入标准的脑梗死454例,其中血栓性脑梗死(cerebral thrombosis,CT)244例,腔隙性脑梗死(lacunar infarct, LI)210例及对照组300例.分析各组MS的患病率,MS及其各单一组分危险因素与不同类型脑梗死的相关性.结果 (1)脑梗死组MS患病率50.22%(228/454),CT组及LI组分别为54.10%(132/244)、45.71%(96/210),均显著高于对照组25.33%(76/300).(2)CT组除肥胖外,MS各单一组分危险因素的患病率均高于对照组,LI组仅高血压、高血糖、甘油三酯(TG)增高及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)降低的患病率高于对照组,且两类脑梗死的高血糖、高血压患病率有显著差异.(3)调整年龄、性别和其他脑卒中危险因素后,代谢综合征依然增加脑梗死患病的危险,按CDS标准对上述两类脑梗死的OR 值分别为2.84 (95%CI : 1.85～5.62)、2.02 (95%CI: 1.32～4.13).(4)两类脑梗死的胰岛素抵抗指数均(HOMAIR)高于对照组,随着组成MS危险因素的增加,HOMAIR逐渐升高.结论 MS与脑梗死患病危险增加相关,这种关系独立于脑卒中的其他危险因素.MS及其各单一组分的危险因素对不同类型脑梗死所起作用有所差别.MS的发生与胰岛素抵抗有关.     

代谢综合征与阿尔茨海默病的相关性研究

目的 探讨代谢综合征(MS)各组分、心血管危险因素指标与阿尔茨海默病(AD)之间的关系.方法 将58例AD患者按照中华医学会糖尿病分会制定的糖尿病诊断标准分为有代谢综合征组(MS组)和无代谢综合征组(NMS组),并测定空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、血管紧张素转化酶、超敏C反应蛋白等指标,计算胰岛素抵抗.结果 (1)MS组与NMS组比较,胰岛素和腹围均明显升高,有统计学差异(P＜0.05).(2)MS组与NMS组比较,同型半胱氨酸、胰岛素抵抗明显升高,有统计学差异(P＜0.05).(3)血管紧张素转化酶与腰围的相关性有统计学意义(P=0.021).胰岛素抵抗与空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素相关性有统计学意义(P =0.000).超敏C反应蛋白与甘油三酯的相关性有统计学意义(P=0.018).血管紧张素转化酶与空腹胰岛素的相关性有统计学意义(P =0.039).结论 有MS的AD患者比无MS的AD患者有更多心血管方面的危险因素.     

精神分裂症代谢综合征与氧化应激相关性的研究进展

精神分裂症是一种严重的精神疾病,常伴有代谢综合征和氧化应激,而代谢综合征和氧化应激可相互作用。抗氧化剂可用于治疗精神分裂症,对其代谢综合征亦有疗效。现对精神分裂症代谢综合征与氧化应激相关研究进展进行综述。     

老年人代谢综合征与认知功能水平的相关性研究

目的分析患有代谢综合征社区老年人的认知功能损害程度临床特点,探讨社区防治疾病的可能途径和方法。方法采用按类分层、分段、随机、整群及等距的抽样方法。随机抽取55岁以上老人4086名,使用常规的诊断标准,以区级综合性医疗机构诊断结果为准,将调查的老年人分为代谢综合征阳性组和阴性组。采用MoCA测验评定认知功能水平。结果代谢综合征患病率达54．31％,与高龄和低文化程度有关。阳性组MoCA总分、视空间结构、命名、记忆力、注意力、重复句子、抽象能力、定向得分均低于阴性组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,共痛者得分明显低于单一疾病者。结论代谢综合征能明显损害认知功能,且影响范围较广,早期识别、早期干预是延缓认知功能障碍发生的有效途径。     

唐山地区人群焦虑抑郁障碍与代谢综合征的相关性分析

目的探讨唐山地区人群中焦虑和抑郁障碍与代谢综合征的相关性。方法本研究为横断面调查,于2013年9月-12月在河北省唐山市开滦社区中随机抽取1799人(男性956人)进行人体学测量、血液生化检测以及问卷调查。纳入对象的焦虑和抑郁状态分别采用广泛性焦虑问卷(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)量表进行评定,量表得分≥5分为阳性。代谢综合征的诊断采用2007年中国成人血脂异常防治指南。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析探讨焦虑和抑郁与代谢综合征发病的关系。结果代谢综合征在男性中的检出率为34.6%,在女性中的检出率为39.7%。男性中焦虑和抑郁的检出率分别为23.3%和14.6%,均低于女性的30.7%和20.2%。差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。校正年龄、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼和受教育水平后,焦虑和抑郁均显著增加男性和女性中代谢综合征的发病风险(焦虑:男性OR=1.08,95%CI,1.10~1.13,P0.05;女性OR=1.09,95%CI,1.07~1.12,P0.05;抑郁:男性OR=1.17,95%CI,1.11~1.23,P0.05;女性OR=1.19,95%CI,1.16~1.21,P0.05)。结论我国北方成人尤其是女性中,焦虑和抑郁与代谢综合征发病风险增加相关。     

代谢综合征与动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死的相关性

目的 研究代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MS）及其各组分与动脉粥样硬化性血栓性脑梗死（atherothrombotic cerebral infarction,ATCI）的关系。方法 ATCI组508例,其中男性亚组308例,女性亚组200例;对照组233例,其中男性亚组102例,女性亚组131例,均为门诊体检者。观察MS在ATCI男、女性亚组和对照男、女性亚组的患病率、MS各组分水平以及MS对ATCI的危险度。MS诊断采用修订后的中国人MS诊断标准。结果 ATCI男性亚组和对照男性亚组MS的患病率分别为39.0%和9.8%,两组差异有统计学意义（P <0.01）。ATCI女性亚组和对照女性亚组MS的患病率分别为46.0%和19.1%,两组差异有统计学意义（P <0.01）。ATCI组MS各组分水平与同性别对照组间差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。MS使ATCI男性亚组和女性亚组的发病率分别增加5.60和2.75倍（P <0.01）。结论 MS与ATCI关系密切,MS是ATCI的重要危险因素。     

代谢综合征与其组分在缺血性脑卒中患者中的改变

目的研究代谢综合征(MS)与其组分在缺血性脑卒中患者中的改变,为临床预防及治疗提供相关依据。方法选择2012-01—2014-12在我院住院治疗的168例缺血性脑卒中患者,分别记录所有患者治疗前后体重指数、血压、空腹血糖、血清甘油三酯、血清总胆固醇、血清低密度脂蛋白及高密度脂蛋白等指标,对比治疗前后指标的变化。结果 MS各组分中,肥胖、血压、血糖、HDL、TG与缺血性脑卒中明显相关;治疗后MS合并率下降至58.33%,其中伴高血压、高血糖比例下降变化最显著;治疗后患者中的血压、血糖、LDL及TG均显著低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),而HDL与腰围无明显变化。结论 MS及其各组分均是影响缺血性脑卒中发病的重要因素,有针对性地干预MS各组分代谢异常情况对防治缺血性脑卒中有重要作用。     

急性脑血管病与代谢综合征的相关性分析

目的探讨急性脑血管病与代谢综合征的相关性。方法收集本院2008年11月~2009年1月85例(急性脑血管病45例,对照组40例)汉族住院患者的代谢指标,首先对代谢综合征与急性脑血管病进行列联表分析;其次使用二项Logistic回归分析代谢综合征的各组分与急性脑血管病发病率的关系。结果急性脑血管病的发生与代谢综合征高度相关,并首次提出了代谢综合征的组分中高血糖、高血压病、超体重与脑血管病发病率的关系式。结论预防急性脑血管病首先要有效地控制代谢紊乱,其中降低血糖,控制体重,降低血压是最为重要的三个环节。     

代谢综合征与颈动脉粥样硬化的临床相关性研究

随着人们生活方式的改变，生活水平的提高，代谢综合征的患病率急剧上升。其后果是大动脉粥样硬化，导致大血管的阻塞，使心、脑、肾等重要脏器衰竭。近年来颈动脉已成为反映全身动脉粥样硬化的一个窗口，且颈动脉超声已成为诊断评价颈动脉粥样硬化的有效方法之一。本文观察了136例代谢综合征患者颈动脉粥样硬化的狭窄情况。     

Depression and body composition among older adults

Objectives: Recent investigations have reported an association between depression and geriatric syndromes associated with low body mass, including frailty and osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between depression and body composition among older adults.

Methods: Data were from a case-cohort study (n?=?98) of adults aged 60 and older nested within the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. Lifetime depression syndrome was assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Body composition (total and central lean and fat mass) was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The association between depression and body composition was evaluated using linear regression with bootstrap standard errors.

Results: Overall, there was no association between depression and total fat or total lean body mass. Among women, depression was associated with reduced central fat (B?=??3.6?kg, p?p?

Conclusions: Depression is associated with significantly lower central fat and lean mass among older women. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that depression and frailty are interrelated in later life, particularly among women.     

Carpal tunnel syndrome and metabolic syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Many factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hormonal replacement therapy, corticosteroid use, rheumatoid arthritis and wrist fractures may cause CTS. Metabolic syndrome includes abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension that may cause CTS. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relation between CTS and metabolic syndrome. We studied 107 (96 female and 11 male) right-handed patients who had a clinical and electrophysiologically confirmed diagnosis of CTS. We then divided the patients into two groups (patients with and without metabolic syndrome) according to the criteria of ATP III definition. Eighty (75%) of the patients with CTS had metabolic syndrome. Among the 80 patients with metabolic syndrome, CTS was found in 150 hands (43 mild, 58 moderate and 49 severe cases). Among the 27 patients without metabolic syndrome, CTS was found in 43 hands (27 mild, 14 moderate and 2 severe cases). The electrophysiological parameters (median nerve distal motor latency, median nerve motor amplitude, median nerve motor conduction velocity, median nerve sensory onset latency, median nerve sensory amplitude and median nerve sensory conduction velocity) were worse in patients with metabolic syndrome (P < 0.05). In conclusion, metabolic syndrome was found to be three times more common in patients with CTS and CTS was more severe in patients with metabolic syndrome when compared with those without metabolic syndrome.     

代谢综合征与脑卒中类型、并发症及预后的关系

目的探讨代谢综合征与脑卒中类型、并发症及预后的关系。方法对568例有代谢综合征的脑卒中患者(代谢综合征组)及209例无代谢综合征的脑卒中患者(无代谢综合征组)的临床资料进行对比分析。结果代谢综合征组脑梗死比率(93.0%)显著高于无代谢综合征组(85.2%)(P<0.01);肺部感染(51.9%)、呼吸衰竭(27.3%)、心功能衰竭(28.0%)、肾功能衰竭(14.3%)等并发症的发生率及死亡率(25.0%)明显高于无代谢综合征组(19.1%、13.9%、14.8%、5.3%、12.9%)(均P<0.01);治疗的总有效率(64.1%)明显低于无代谢综合征组(74.6%)(P<0.01)。结论有代谢综合征的脑卒中患者以脑梗死多见,并发症发生率高,预后较差。     

Depression and the metabolic syndrome: gender-dependent associations

This study was designed to test the extent to which depressive symptoms are associated with the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and each of its components, and whether these relationships are gender dependent. Participants were apparently healthy employed men (N=2,355) and women (N=1,525) who underwent a routine health check between the years 2003 and 2005. We used logistic regression analysis, predicting the MS by depressive symptoms, as assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the following control variables: age, education, smoking status, physical exercise, anxiety, and burnout. As hypothesized, we found that depression among women, but not men, was associated with a 1.94-fold risk of having the MS, and with an elevated risk of having two of its five components: elevated waist circumference (odds ratio, OR=2.23) and elevated glucose levels (OR=2.44). In addition, a positive trend was observed toward an association with the other three components: low high-density lipoprotein, hypertension, and elevated triglycerides. Among men depression was associated with elevated waist circumference only (OR=1.77). These findings suggest that especially among women, the association between depression and cardiovascular diseases might be linked to metabolic processes. If replicated in longitudinal studies, these findings may have important health-care policy implications with regard to depression management interventions.     

Snoring and the metabolic syndrome in women

OBJECTIVE: The main objective was to examine the association between metabolic syndrome, snoring and sleep quality among women. METHODS: The study sample comprised healthy women (30-65 years) from the greater Stockholm area. Snoring and sleep quality were measured by the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire. The metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of two or more of the following components: (1) fasting serum glucose level > or =7.0 mmol/L; (2) arterial blood pressure > or =140/90 mmHg; (3) fasting serum triglycerides > or =1.7 mmol/L and/or HDL cholesterol <1.05 mmol/L; and (4) obesity (waist-to-hip ratio >0.85 and/or BMI > or =28 kg/m2). RESULTS: After adjustment for age, the risk ratio of metabolic syndrome among snorers as compared to non-snorers was 4.50 (95% CI: 1.71-11.86; p=0.002). This association persisted after controlling for menopausal status, educational level, smoking, fatigue and exercise habits. Poor sleep quality showed a trend (OR: 3.31; 95% CI: 0.89-12.21; p=0.073) towards an increased risk for metabolic syndrome, but this did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Snoring may be a strong predictor for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women. These findings show that snoring women are not only at increased risk for individual risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, but also for metabolic syndrome.     

Associations between anxiety, depression, and the metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence as to whether the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with depression or anxiety and, if so, whether this association is gender-specific. This study investigated in each gender whether the MetS is associated with anxiety or depression and whether these relationships are independent of age, obesity, smoking status, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle. METHODS: Metabolic syndrome (American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria), depression, and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were assessed in 1598 subjects at risk of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: In both men and women, the MetS was associated with an increased prevalence of depression but not anxiety. The number of components of the MetS increased with increasing levels of depression but not anxiety. This association between the MetS and depressive symptoms was independent of age, smoking status, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle. The relationship was observed across body mass index categories and was independent of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The MetS is associated with depression and depressive symptoms but not anxiety irrespective of gender and overweight/obesity status in subjects at risk of cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest a potential importance of screening for depression in patients with the MetS.