注射用加替沙星与左氧氟沙星临床疗效及安全观察

目的观察加替沙星与左氧氟沙星注射液治疗敏感性细菌引起的呼吸道感染的疗效与安全性。方法以左氧氟沙星注射液为对照,在60例受试者中进行了随机双盲、双模拟、平行对照试验。A组30例,每日给予加替沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注,2次/d;B组30例,每日给予左氧氟沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注,2次/d;治疗7d～14d。结果A组患者用药后临床痊愈率100%,有效率100%,B组患者用药后临床痊愈率93%,有效率93%。两组疗效比较,差异无显著性（p〉0.05）。A组与B组的细菌清除率均为100%（p〉0.05）,两组不良反应发生率分别为13%与8%（p〉0.05）。结论加替沙星注射液治疗呼吸道感染疗效及安全性与左氧氟沙星注射液相似。     

甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液与左氧氟沙星注射液治疗细菌性感染临床疗效观察

目的:评价国产甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液治疗呼吸道感染及泌尿道感染的疗效与安全性.方法:25例患者接受甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖液200mg,静脉滴注,每日2次;25例接受左氧氟沙星注射液200mg,静脉滴注,每日2次,疗程5～14天.结果:试验组和对照组痊愈率和有效率分别为64%、56%(P>0.05)与92%、88%(P>0.05).两组的细菌阳性率、消除率分别为96%、100%和68%、100%.临床分离的41株致病菌对甲磺酸加替沙星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、司帕沙星、头孢噻肟的敏感率分别为100%、95.12%、95.12%、92.68%、97.56%,无显著性差异(P>0.05).两组不良反应发生率分别为30.77%和20%,无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖液治疗中、重度细菌感染安全、有效.     

加替沙星治疗肺部感染效果观察

目的评价加替沙星序贯治疗急性下呼吸道细菌感染的的临床疗效与安全性。方法采用随机对照法,经临床确诊的急性下呼吸道感染患者共69例,其中加替沙星组35例,给予加替沙星注射液400mg,每日1次静脉滴注,共3～5日,继续以每日加替沙星片400mg,口服每日1次;头孢曲松 红霉素组34例,给予头孢曲松1g,静脉滴注每日1次,红霉素注射液2g静滴,每日2次,总疗程均为7～14天。结果加替沙星组和头孢曲松 红霉素组痊愈率分别为82.8%和76.5%,有效率分别为94.2%和90.2%,两组细菌清除率分别为89.3%和84.0%,两组间临床疗效和细菌学疗效差异无统计学意义,两组的不良反应发生率分别为14.3%.和20.6%。结论加替沙星静脉口服序贯给药治疗下呼吸道感染安全有效。     

加替沙星注射液治疗急性细菌性感染临床评价

目的:评价加替沙星注射液治疗急性下呼吸道及泌尿道细菌性感染的安全性及有效性。方法:以左旋氧氟沙星为对照药,采用多中心、随机、平行对照试验方法。试验组:静脉滴注加替沙星注射液400mg/d,疗程7～14d;对照组:静脉滴注左旋氧氟沙星注射液400mg/d,疗程7～14d。结果:共入选病例209例,其中加替沙星组102例,因不良反应中途退出1例,临床疗效评价病例101例;左旋氧氟沙星组107例,因不良反应中途退出1例,临床疗效评价病例106例。试验组和对照组下呼吸道感染痊愈率分别为73.1%、71.7%,有效率分别为90.4%、92.5%;泌尿道感染痊愈率分别为83.7%、77.4%,有效率均为98.1%;总痊愈率分别为78.2%、74.5%,总有效率分别为94.1%,95.3%,两组差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。两组细菌清除率分别为98.9%、100%,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);加替沙星组、左旋氧氟沙星组不良反应率分别为3.9%、10.3%,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:加替沙星注射液治疗急性下呼吸道、泌尿道细菌感染安全、有效。     

加替沙星注射液治疗呼吸道细菌性感染的临床研究

目的 观察国产加替沙星注射液治疗呼吸道感染的临床疗效与安全性.方法 将64例患者随机分为治疗组对照组.治疗组32例,用加替沙星注射液400 mg/次,静脉滴注,1次/d;对照组32例,用左氧氟沙星注射液200 mg/次,静脉滴注,2次/d.疗程均为7～14 d.结果 治疗组和对照组有效率分别为96.9%和93.7%,细菌清除率分别为92.8%和88.9%,不良反应发生率分别为12.5%和15.6%.结论 加替沙星注射液治疗呼吸道细菌性感染疗效好、使用安全、方便.     

加替沙星治疗下呼吸道感染的临床疗效

目的:评价加替沙星注射液治疗中、重度下呼吸道感染的有效性和安全性。方法:采用双盲随机对照试验,以左氧氟沙星注射液为对照药。试验组及对照组剂量均为每次200mg,每日2次静脉注射,疗程7d～14d。结果:两组的临床有效率分别为91.4%和85.2%,细菌清除率分别为92.3%和88.2%,不良反应发生率分别是8.6%和11.1%。经统计学分析差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:加替沙星为治疗急性下呼吸道感染的有效药物。     

帕珠沙星治疗尿路感染32例分析

目的: 评价帕珠沙星治疗细菌性尿路感染的安全性、有效性。方法: 以左氧氟沙星为对照药物,在62例受试者中进行随机对照试验。治疗组32例,每日给予帕珠沙星每次300 mg,静脉滴注,每天2次;对照组30例,每日给予左氧氟沙星每次200 mg,静脉滴注,每天2次。疗程7~10天。结果: 治疗组、对照组有效率分别为90.6%和90.0%;痊愈率分别为84.4%和83.3%,细菌清除率分别为93.3%和92.9%;不良反应发生率分别为6.3%和6.7%。两组间差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论: 帕珠沙星治疗尿路感染有效、安全,与左氧氟沙星疗效相当。     

加替沙星治疗急性细菌性呼吸道和泌尿道感染的有效性与安全性评价

目的评价国产加替沙星治疗急性细菌性呼吸道和泌尿道感染的有效性与安全性。方法采用随机、双盲双模拟、平行对照研究,用加替沙星(治疗组)与左氧沙星(对照组)(均为每次200mg口服,每12h给药1次,疗程5~14d)治疗急性细菌性呼吸道和泌尿道感染。实际入组51例,揭盲后显示,治疗组25例,对照组26例。结果加替沙星和左氧沙星治疗急性细菌性呼吸道和泌尿道感染临床有效率分别为100%(25/25)和96.2%(25/26),2组细菌清除率分别为94.4%(17/18)和89.5%(17/19),不良反应发生率分别为0与3.8%,上述结果经2组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论加替沙星对临床常见的敏感细菌引起的呼吸道、泌尿道感染是安全、有效的抗菌药物。     

国产甲磺酸加替沙星片治疗泌尿生殖系统细菌性感染疗效观察

目的:以甲磺酸加替沙星片和盐酸环丙沙星片随机对照治疗轻、中度急性泌尿道/生殖道细菌感染,评价国产甲磺酸加替沙星片的疗效及安全性.方法:试验组24例患者接受甲磺酸加替沙星片200mg口服,每日2次;对照组20例接受盐酸环丙沙星片250mg,每日3次,疗程7～14天.结果:试验组和对照组痊愈率和有效率分别为87.5%、70.0%(P＞0.05)与100.0%、90.0%(P＞0.05).两组的细菌阳性率、清除率分别为87.5%、80.0%(P＞0.05)和100.0%、87.5%(P＞0.05).甲磺酸加替沙星的抗菌活性与环丙沙星、司氟沙星比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05),但与左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟及青霉素相比差异无显著性(P＞0.05).两组不良反应发生率分别为8.3%和5.0%(P＞0.05).结论:国产甲磺酸加替沙星片治疗轻、中度急性泌尿道/生殖道细菌感染安全、高效.     

加替沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染的成本效果分析

目的:对加替沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染进行成本效果分析.方法:选取在本院呼吸科就诊的下呼吸道感染患者52例,随机分成加替沙星I组和左氧氟沙星Ⅱ组,分别给予治疗,以药物成本效果比作为经济学指标.结果:加替沙星组与左氧氟沙星组治疗有效率分别为92.30%和88.46%;细菌清除率分别为96.22%和92.10%;成本效果比值(C/E)分别为2.93和1.88.结论:两组方案治疗下呼吸道感染的临床有效率无显著性差异,但加替沙星组的细菌清除率优于左氧氟沙星组,左氧氟沙星组的经济学成本优于加替沙星组.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.