Evaluation of three serological tests for the diagnosis of hydatid disease.

A number of techniques is used for the serological diagnosis of hydatid disease; however previous investigations suggest variable degrees or reliability for each test. This study reports an evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of three commonly used serological tests for hydatid disease; complement fixation (CF), haemagglutination (HA) and the fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques. The results of these serological tests are compared in a series of specimens from 116 hospital patients, 21 of whom were confirmed surgically as having hydatid disease. A similar high degree of sensitivity was found for each of the three serological tests examined. The CF and HA tests gave negative results in two patients with confirmed hydatid disease, and the result of the FA test was negative in only one patient. The HA test was the most specific with no false positive reactions, but only two false positive reactions occurred with the FA test. The CF test was the least specific as the reaction was positive in nine patients without hydatid disease. When the results of both FA and HA tests were considered together, all 21 cases of hydatid disease were detected and false positive reactions occurred in only two patients.     

Cooperative study of radiologic aspects of renovascular hypertension. Bilateral renovascular disease

Abnormal urographic features were present in 60.7% of 250 patients with bilateral diseases. The urogram was relatively insensitive in the minority of patients whose lesions were of approximately equivalent severity bilaterally. In bilateral renovascular disease, the urogram demonstrated some surgical prognostic value that was not evident in unilateral renovascular disease. Furthermore, in patients with bilateral disease, the urogram was helpful in deciding between unilateral or bilateral operation.     

2. Newer aids in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma.

The assessment of a case of blunt abdominal trauma can be complicated by many factors, and the resultant inaccurate or delayed diagnoses have contributed to the unacceptable mortality for this type of injury. Recently several useful diagnostic techniques have been developed that, if applied intelligently, may be instrumental in decreasing the high mortality among patients who present with ambiguous abdominal signs after sustaining blunt trauma. Although hematologic investigation and routine radiography have facilitated detection of intraperitoneal injury, peritoneal lavage has become the single most helpful aid. Scanning procedures are sometimes useful in recognizing splenic and hepatic defects especially; these may be confirmed or clarified by angiography. Although ultrasonography may be no more valuable than scintigraphy in outlining splenic and hepatic abnormalities, it is an important technique, especially in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses of traumatic origin. Laparoscopy also may be helpful in investigation if surgeons become more familiar with the procedure.     

16层螺旋CT动脉造影对肾血管性高血压病诊断的临床应用

目的探究肾血管性高血压病早期诊断的检查方法,并研究16层螺旋CT动脉造影技术对肾动脉狭窄的检出率。方法收集2011年1月~2012年6月我院收治的疑似肾血管性高血压病患者19例,综合分析患者的血压水平、家族遗传病史,采用16层螺旋CT动脉造影对疑似病例进行检查,分析其应用价值。结果 19例患者经过多层螺旋CT动脉造影检查后,肾血管正常者6例,13例显示不同程度肾动脉狭窄,其中,起始段狭窄9例,肾动脉中端狭窄4例;轻度狭窄2例,中度狭窄4例,重度狭窄6例,血管闭塞1例;局限性狭窄10例,全程性狭窄3例。结论 16层螺旋CT动脉造影能清晰的显示肾动脉主干及分支狭窄程度及范围,值得临床推广应用。     

Operative morbidity and mortality in renovascular disease.

There were 104 major complications (13.1%) and 34 deaths (5.9%) among 502 patients with evidence of renovascular disease who underwent 577 operative procedures. The operative mortality rate in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease was 9.3% vs 3.4% with fibromuscular hyperplasia. Important determinants of renovascular operative mortality are (1) cause of disease, (2) presence of coronary artery disease, (3) presence of bilateral renal functional impairment, (4) the complexity of the renal operative procedure, and (5) concurrent extrarenal surgery.     

实验室检测埃博拉病毒对诊疗的临床意义

【】目的 分析中国人民解放军援利埃博拉诊疗中心(China Ebola Treatment Unit, China ETU),实验室检测结果对埃博拉阳性患者诊疗的临床意义。方法 在2014年11月14日至2015年3月15日期间,中心共收治住院患者101例,送检172份标本,通过实验室RT-PCR检测病毒RNA及CT值。结果 共有10例埃博拉阳性患者,死亡4例,治愈6例,4例死亡病例中,PCR CT值均较低,表明其体内病毒载量较高,在6例治愈病例中,随着病情的好转,其埃博拉病毒核酸PCR CT值逐渐升高,表明病毒载量逐渐降低。结论 实验室检测结果及PCR CT值为临床诊断、治疗提供了指导意义。     

双侧肾血管疾病造成的心肾衰竭

自1988年首次报道与双侧肾血管疾病相关的心功能衰竭以来，已经有许多涉及此方面的研究^1-12。虽然描述最多的是急性或突然发生的肺水肿，但是也可能发生慢性心力衰竭。双侧肾动脉狭窄时肾脏不能对升高的动脉压产生压力性钠利尿作用时，就会导致心力衰竭。这一综合征主要特征为容量负荷过重，而非心室衰竭。临床常表现为心肾衰竭同时伴有高血压、广泛的血管疾病、超声检查显示双肾不等大(相差≥1．5厘米)及服用血