卒中痉挛性瘫痪患者中医证型与颈动脉彩超的关系

[目的]了解脑卒中痉挛性瘫痪患者中医证型与颈动脉内一中膜增厚及斑块形成的关系.[方法]对99例患者进行中医证候分布规律调查,分析中医证型与颈动脉内-中膜增厚及斑块形成的关系.[结果]卒中痉挛性瘫痪患者中医单证出现率以痰证和瘀证最高,颈动脉管腔狭窄患者痰证、瘀证及气虚证的出现率明显高于无狭窄患者;颈动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块患者气虚证的发生率明显高于稳定斑块患者.[结论]脑卒中痉挛性瘫痪患者常伴有颈动脉硬化,以痰证和瘀证为主要病理表现;正气虚损的患者病情易于复发.     

急性冠状动脉综合征中医证候分布规律研究

[目的]通过流行病学调查了解急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的中医证候分布规律。[方法]对2006年2月至2009年4月间在我院住院的202例急性冠脉综合征患者中医证候分布规律进行调查研究。[结果]急性冠脉综合征患者证候分布:阳虚血瘀证32例(15.8%)、气虚血瘀证28例(13.9%)、气滞血瘀证28例(13.9%)、痰瘀交阻证24例(11.9%)。兼证中:血瘀证及其兼证(气虚血瘀证+阳虚血瘀证+气滞血瘀证)合计占88例(43.6%)、阳虚及其各兼证组(阳虚寒凝证+阳虚痰瘀证+阳虚血瘀证)合计占62例(30.8%)>气虚及其兼证组(气虚血瘀证+气虚痰瘀证)合计50例(24.8%)。[结论]血瘀阳虚证为急性冠脉综合征的主要证型。     

急性冠脉综合征中医证候回顾研究

[目的]探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的中医证候学特点和规律.[方法]回顾调查并记录127例急性冠脉综合征患者临床证候相关资料,建立数据库,发现中医证候、证型的分布规律.[结果]中医证候分布:实证从多到少依次为瘀证、痰证、寒证、热证,其中瘀证出现的频率达到90.5%,明显高于其他实证;虚证从多到少依次为心气虚证、心气竭证、心阴虚证、心气脱证、心肾两虚证及心血虚证,其中心气不足(包括心气虚证、心气竭证、心气脱证)出现的频率达75.6%,高于其他虚证.急性心肌梗死(AMI)实证方面的瘀证和寒证出现的频率及虚证方面的心气虚证和心气竭证出现的频率均高于不稳定型心绞痛(UA)患者(P<0.01).中医证型分布:AMI心血瘀阻型所占比例高于UA(P<0.05),而UA痰浊壅塞型所占比例高于AMI(P<0.05),气阴两虚型在两者所占比例以UA显著(P<0.01).[结论]气虚证和血瘀证是本病的主要虚实证候, 虚实夹杂、证候演变是本病证候的显著特点,不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死证候有别.     

Evolution laws of TCM syndromes of diabetes complicating cerebrovascular disease at acute stage

目的 探讨糖尿病合并脑血管病急性期中医证候演变规律.方法 选择糖尿病合并脑血管病患者137例,非糖尿病合并脑血管患者158例作为研究对象,中医证候要素分为风、火、痰、瘀、气虚、阴虚阳亢,分别于入院时、发病第7天、14天、28天,4个时点进行证候采集和评价,进行两组比较.结果 糖尿病合并脑血管病组证候演变规律为阴虚风动证→痰火证→痰瘀证→气虚血瘀证.非糖尿病合并脑血管病组证候演变规律为风痰证→痰火证→痰瘀证→痰瘀证.结论 糖尿病合并脑血管病组与非糖尿病合并脑血管病组存在不同的证候演变规律,为中风不同时期的中医临床辨证施治提供了理论依据.     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者围手术期中医证候演变规律研究

[目的]研究动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,ASAH)患者行颅内动脉瘤栓塞术或颅内动脉瘤夹闭术围手术期中医证候的演变规律.[方法]对117例ASAH患者进行一般资料分析和中风病中医证候评分,然后对围手术期的中医证候进行分析.[结果](1) ASAH患者围手术期中医基本证候分析结果显示:手术前及术后第1周中医证候以风证、火热证、痰湿证、血瘀证为主,术后第2周中医证候以火热证、血瘀证、气虚证为主,风证、痰证、气虚证有动态变化(与术前和术后1周比较,P＜0.01).(2) ASAH患者围手术期中医证候组合形式研究结果显示:手术前证候组合形式二证、三证、四证组合均可见,证候形态中以风痰证、风火痰证、风火痰瘀证为主.术后第1周证候组合形式与术前大致相同,二证、三证、四证组合均可见,证候形态中以痰瘀证、火热痰瘀证、风火痰瘀证为主.术后第2周证候组合形式以二证和三证为主,四证较少,证候形态以痰瘀证、气虚血瘀证、气虚痰瘀证为主.[结论]ASAH患者术前及术后早期的中医证候主要表现为实证,以风火痰瘀证为主;术后后期主要表现为本虚标实证,以气虚痰瘀证为主.     

基于社区的2型糖尿病周围神经病变中医证候特征 及发病因素调查分析*

目的基于社区人群探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）并发糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）患者中医证候特征及发病因素调查。方法对T2DM并发DPN患者189例,使用中医证候量表分析DPN患者的中医证候特征及发病因素。结果（1）单证出现频率依次为气虚证102例（53.96％）、阴虚证89例（47.08％）、血瘀证69例（36.5％）、痰湿证49例（25.92％）、血虚证44例（23.28％）、火热证40例（21.16％）、阳虚证21例（11.11％）;（2）轻度气虚证出现频率为60％,中度阴虚证、血瘀证和阳虚证出现频率分别为46.66％、44.44％、9％,重度阴虚证、血瘀证出现频率分别为55.88％、58.82％;（3）轻度单证出现率最高51.05％,中度、重度复合证出现频率分别为93.55％和100％;（4）证候组合形态有26种,轻度中气虚证出现率8例（17.02％）,中度中气阴两虚出现率17例（18.27％）,重度阴阳两虚血瘀证出现率10例（20.4％）;（5）多因素logistic回归分析显示,病程、年龄以及多伦多量表得分高是阴阳两虚夹痰瘀证的危险因素。结论气虚证、阴虚证是发病率最高的中医证候,随着DPN病变程度的进展,中医证型从气阴两虚证往阴阳两虚夹痰瘀证转变,且患病病程、年龄以及多伦多评分高低是关键因素。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期中医证候规律的初步探讨

[目的]探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期中医证候规律.[方法]在文献调研基础上构建中医证候调查表,采用横断面调查方法收集100例COPD急性加重期患者的人口学信息、中医证候信息和理化检查资料.[结果]"肺脾气虚、痰瘀阻肺","肺脾肾虚、痰饮瘀肺","肺脾气虚、痰热瘀肺","气阴两虚、痰热瘀肺"4种证型为COPD急性加重期主要证型,分别占34.3%、15.2%、26.3%、24.2%.是否合并肺心病、右心衰在4种证型间的分布有显著性意义(P＜0.05).[结论]COPD急性加重期中医证型多为复合证型,其分布规律体现了"气虚痰瘀"的基本病机.     

糖尿病合并脑血管病急性期中医证候演变规律研究

目的探讨糖尿病合并脑血管病急性期中医证候演变规律。方法选择糖尿病合并脑血管病患者137例,非糖尿病合并脑血管患者158例作为研究对象,中医证候要素分为风、火、痰、瘀、气虚、阴虚阳亢,分别于入院时、发病第7天、14天、28天,4个时点进行证候采集和评价,进行两组比较。结果糖尿病合并脑血管病组证候演变规律为阴虚风动证→痰火证→痰瘀证→气虚血瘀证。非糖尿病合并脑血管病组证候演变规律为风痰证→痰火证→痰瘀证→痰瘀证。结论糖尿病合并脑血管病组与非糖尿病合并脑血管病组存在不同的证候演变规律,为中风不同时期的中医临床辨证施治提供了理论依据。     

基于现代文献的老年性痴呆证型及证候要素分布研究

目的 探讨老年性痴呆证候要素的分布规律.方法 检索1994—2009年有关老年性痴呆的现代文献,建立相应的数据库,采用SPSS 13.0统计软件包进行数据统计描述分析.结果 收集到合格文献42篇.老年性痴呆常见证型为肝肾阴虚、气滞血瘀、痰浊阻窍、髓海不足.共提取证素11个,以痰、气虚、血瘀多见,累计构成比为54.3％,...     

113例冠状动脉造影患者中医证候与造影特点分析

目的：分析冠状动脉造影患者中医证候与造影特点.方法：病例为住院行冠状动脉造影或介入治疗的患者,共计113例.全部患者经右侧桡动脉或股动脉穿刺,按常规完成冠状动脉造影.分析造影结果与中医证候关系.结果：113例患者中51例经桡动脉途径穿刺行冠状动脉造影,62例经股动途径完成脉造影.冠状动脉狭窄及梗阻病变患者血瘀证的出现频率明显高于冠状动脉正常患者,随冠状动脉累及支数增加,血瘀证、痰阻证、痰瘀互阻证及气虚证明显增加.有冠状动脉狭窄及梗阻病变患者暗舌、弦脉的出现频率明显高于冠状动脉正常患者,暗舌、弦脉出现频率随病变累及冠状动脉支数的增加而增加,滑脉亦有类似变化趋势,与血瘀、痰阻证出现的规律一致.结论：血瘀证是冠状动脉异常患者出现频率最高的临床证候,随冠状动脉累及支数增加,血瘀证、痰阻证、痰瘀互阻证及气虚证明显增加,舌脉的变化从中医症状学的角度进一步印证了冠状动脉病变发展与中医证候之间的内在联系.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.