术后放疗在T1-2N0M0期SCLC治疗中的意义

目的 探讨术后放疗对早期SCLC预后影响。方法 回顾分析我院1997—2010年临床分期为T_1-2N₀M₀期且行根治性切除术的71例SCLC患者临床资料,31例术后放疗,55例术前或术后化疗。Kaplan-Meier法计算LR率、远处转移率及生存率并Logrank法检验及单因素预后分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 5年样本数32例,5年OS率及LR率分别为52%和22%,术后是否放疗对生存无影响(P=0.524)。对于术后N (-)患者行放疗与未行放疗者中位OS分别为47.3个月与96.8个月(P=0.561),5年LR率分别为39%与23%(P=0.934)。对于术后N (+)患者行放疗者中位生存明显高于未行放疗者(66.7、34.6个月,P=0.016),行放疗者5年LR率亦明显低于未行放疗者(5%、75%,P=0.004)。全组患者远处转移率为30%,术后放疗与否对患者远处转移率无影响(P=0.576)。结论 术后放疗明显降低了术后N (+) SCLC患者LR率并提高了生存,而对N (-)患者反而有降低生存趋势,建议术后N (+)的SCLC患者行术后放疗。     

84例ⅢA-N 2 期非小细胞肺癌术前新辅助临床治疗结果分析

目的：探讨新辅助结合手术切除治疗ⅢA-N 2 期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法：收集2008年1 月至2013年7 月上海交通大学附属胸科医院收治的术前明确单侧纵隔淋巴结（且淋巴结短径≥ 1 cm）转移（ⅢA-N 2 期）,经新辅助治疗后再手术的非小细胞肺癌（non-small celll ung cancer ,NSCLC ）91例患者。总结并分析经术前新辅助治疗的反应率以及患者的生存情况并分析影响预后的因素。结果：3 年和5 年总生存期（OS）分别为57.7% 和34.2%;3 年和5 年无病生存期（DFS）分别为37.9% 和30.5% 。在OS和DFS 方面,R 0 和R 1 组之间（P = 0.118;P = 0.369）、新辅助化疗和放化疗组之间（P = 0.771;P = 0.953）、临床反应和无反应组之间（P =0.865;P = 0.862）以及不同组织病理类型组之间（P = 0.685;P = 0.208）比较差异均无统计学意义。肺叶切除及术后病理性淋巴结降期的患者分别优于相应地扩大性切除（P = 0.023;P = 0.024）和未降期（P = 0.036;P = 0.025）的患者。单因素分析显示肺叶切除和术后病理性淋巴结降期为有利的预测因子。多因素分析显示,病理淋巴结降期为术后DFS 的有利预测因子;无吸烟史及肺叶切除为OS的有利预测因子。结论：术前新辅助治疗ⅢA-N 2 期NSCLC 是可行的,能有效地使肿瘤大小及淋巴结降期,预后较为满意;预测预后方面,术后病理性降期要比临床反应更有意义;可行根治性肺叶切除及有病理性淋巴结降期的患者预后更好。     

原发肿瘤大小及淋巴结转移状况与非小细胞肺癌术后放疗价值关系

目的 分析影响淋巴结阳性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)术后放疗疗效的因素.方法 回顾性分析480例接受根治性手术的N_1～N_2期NSCLC患者,其中267例患者接受了术后化疗,121例接受了术后放疗.根据N分期、原发肿瘤最大径及淋巴结转移度(阳性淋巴结个数占清扫淋巴结总数的百分率)分别分组,分析术后放疗在各组中的应用价值.观察终点为局部无复发生存率(LRFS)及总生存率(OS).采用Kaplan-Meier法及Cox回归分析各临床因素对术后放疗疗效的影响.结果 对于N_2期患者,术后放疗能改善总生存率,淋巴结转移度及原发肿瘤大小均对术后放疗价值有明显影响.根据淋巴结转移度及原发肿瘤直径将N_2期病例分为以下三组:第一组肿瘤直径≤3 cm并且淋巴结转移度≤33%,第二组符合下列条件中一项:肿瘤直径>3 cm或淋巴结转移度>33%,第三组肿瘤直径>3 cm并且淋巴结转移度>33%.三组患者接受术后放疗和未接受术后放疗的5年LRFS分别为55%和60%(χ~2=0.03,P=0.869),42%和50%(χ~2=0.31,P=0.547),62%和52%(χ~2=4.25,P=0.036);5年0s分别为22%和50%(χ~2=1.65,P=0.199),26%和22%(χ~2=0.13,P=0.786),42%和16%(χ~2=15.33,P=0.000).结论 原发肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移度明显影响NSCLC术后放疗疗效,对肿瘤直径>3 cm且淋巴结转移度>33%的N_2期NSCLC,加用术后放疗能提高患者局部控制率及生存率.     

Is survival following post-operative radiotherapy in pN1-non-small cell lung cancer reduced? Results of a multivariate analysis

Prognostic factors and the role of post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with pN1 nodal stage following surgery for NSCLC were identified. The clinical course of 211 patients with pN1 nodal involvement following thoracic surgery were reviewed, 97 of them received PORT. Multi-variate survival analysis with respect to prognostic factors (including treatment) was performed. The most frequent site of recurrence was the ipsilateral bronchus-stump or hilus (63% of recurrences). The 5-year rate of intercurrent deaths for PORT was 1% vs 6% in the group without PORT. The 5-year rate of locoregional recurrence was similar (24% vs 19%) for PORT vs no PORT (p=0.97). PORT patients had a higher rate of distant metastases (p=0.04). The 5-year rate of overall survival was 45% without PORT and 25% with PORT (p=0.003). Multivariate survival analysis identified 4 prognostic factors associated with decreased survival rate: age, extended pneumectomy, number of involved nodes and PORT dose. A PORT dose of 50 Gy corresponds to an increase in relative risk of death in the range of 1.5. Patients with PORT do not have an increased rate of intercurrent deaths. However in this cohort, PORT in pN1 patients was associated with a decreased survival rate due to distant metastases. Even after correction with respect to accepted prognostic factors in multivariate survival analysis, PORT was not able to improve or equalize prognosis of these negatively selected patients. The main site of recurrence is the bronchial stump and hilus. If PORT is applied in pN1 patients, a reduction of the target volume should be discussed since local control in high-risk patients may be of relevance.     

应用倾向评分匹配法评价ⅢA-N2期非小细胞肺癌术后放疗的价值

 目的 分析ⅢA-N2期非小细胞肺癌根治术后辅助放疗（postoperative radiotherapy, PORT）的作用。方法 收集313例非小细胞肺癌根治术后化疗后的ⅢA-N2期患者的临床资料,对PORT（+）组及PORT（-）组资料应用倾向评分匹配方法均衡组间协变量差异,观察两组生存及局控,分析术后放疗的作用及获益人群。结果 匹配后两组患者中,PORT（+）组与PORT（-）组3、5年生存率分别为76.5%、58.3%和52.1%、40.6%（P=0.162）;3、5年局部控制率分别为82.9%、73.7%和56.5%、42.4%（P=0.036）;3、5年无进展生存率分别为74.8%、65.5%和39.5%、29.6%（P=0.021）。分层分析发现术后放疗可降低隆突下淋巴结转移、肿瘤最大径≥3cm、多站转移、非跳跃转移及术前N2亚组的局部复发风险。结论 术后放疗可提高ⅢA-N2期非小细胞肺癌术后化疗后局部控制率及无进展生存率;亚组分析中隆突下淋巴结转移、肿瘤最大径≥3 cm、多站转移、非跳跃转移及术前N2者获益较大。     

小细胞肺癌术后放疗的临床意义分析

分析术后放疗在Ⅰ～Ⅲ期小细胞肺癌患者综合治疗中的地位。方法:回顾性分析2000年2月至2009年12月间天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院有完整记录的接受手术治疗的Ⅰ～Ⅲ期小细胞肺癌患者临床资料,分析术后放疗对小细胞肺癌患者预后的影响。采用Kaplan-Meier法及Cox回归模型分析术后放疗的价值。结果:全组患者3年生存率为45.8%,中位生存期为34个月。单因素及多因素分析均显示术后放疗没有显著增加生存率,但是显著降低了局部区域复发率。术后放疗组与未放疗组的3年生存率分别为49.7%和39.3%,中位生存期分别为36个月和30个月（P=0.260）;3年局部区域复发率分别为7.7%和28.8%（P=0.001）。pN0患者术后放疗组与未放疗组3年生存率分别为54.5%和64.3%（P=0.705）,pN1患者分别为53.8%和33.3%（P=0.067）,pN2患者分别为46.7%和22.7%（P=0.141）。结论:术后放疗可明显降低小细胞肺癌术后局部复发率,可能会提高淋巴结阳性患者生存期。建议小细胞肺癌术后淋巴结阳性患者行术后放疗。      

Survival Patterns for Patients with Resected N2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Postoperative Radiotherapy: A Prognostic Scoring Model and Heat Map Approach

Introduction

The positive-to-resected lymph node ratio (LNR) predicts survival in many cancers, but little information is available on its value for patients with N2 NSCLC who receive postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) after resection. We tested the applicability of prognostic scoring models and heat mapping to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with resected N2 NSCLC and PORT.

Has 3-D conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT) improved the local tumour control for stage I non-small cell lung cancer?

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The high local failure rates observed after radiotherapy in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may be improved by the use of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The case-records of 113 patients who were treated with curative 3D CRT between 1991 and 1999 were analysed. No elective nodal irradiation was performed, and doses of 60Gy or more, in once-daily fractions of between 2 and 3Gy, were prescribed. RESULTS: The median actuarial survival of patients was 20 months, with 1-, 3- and 5-year survival of 71, 25 and 12%, respectively. Local disease progression was the cause of death in 30% of patients, and 22% patients died from distant metastases. Grade 2-3 acute radiation pneumonitis (SWOG) was observed in 6.2% of patients. The median actuarial local progression-free survival (LPFS) was 27 months, with 85 and 43% of patients free from local progression at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Endobronchial tumour extension significantly influenced LPFS, both on univariate (P=0.023) and multivariate analysis (P=0.023). The median actuarial cause-specific survival (CSS) was 19 months, and the respective 1- and 3-year rates were 72 and 30%. Multivariate analysis showed T2 classification (P=0.017) and the presence of endobronchial tumour extension (P=0.029) to be adverse prognostic factors for CSS. On multivariate analysis, T-stage significantly correlated with distant failure (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Local failure rates remain substantial despite the use of 3D CRT for stage I NSCLC. Additional improvements in local control can come about with the use of radiation dose escalation and approaches to address the problem of tumour mobility.     

ⅡB~Ⅲ期食管癌根治术后预防性放疗疗效分析

目的 探讨术后预防性放疗对ⅡB、Ⅲ期胸段食管癌根治术患者生存的影响。方法 收集2007—2010年本院行食管胸段鳞癌根治术患者336例,其中ⅡB期65例、Ⅲ期271例;术后未行放疗组（S）220例,术后放疗组（S+R）116例;放疗中位剂量50 Gy。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率及局控率;Log rank法检验行单因素预后分析。结果 随访率为98.2%,全组患者5年生存率及5年无进展生存率分别为29.3%和25.6%;中位生存时间及中位无进展生存时间分别为26.7月和17.4月。ⅡB期患者S组与S+R组5年生存率分别为30.1%与48.6%,差异无统计学意义（χ ²=2.279, P=0.131）;Ⅲ期患者S组与S+R组5年生存率分别为24.9%与32.8%,差异有统计学意义（χ ²=5.865, P=0.015）;术后病理淋巴结阳性患者S组与S+R组5年生存率分别为25.9%与35.8%,差异有统计学意义（χ ²=7.663, P=0.006）;全组患者S组与S+R组的中位局控时间分别为10.6和16.3月,差异有统计学意义（χ ²=6.043, P=0.014）。结论 食管癌根治术后预防性放疗可明显降低局部复发并使Ⅲ期及术后病理淋巴结阳性的患者生存获益。     

术后放疗在Ⅲ(pN2)期EGFR基因野生型肺腺癌辅助化疗患者中价值

目的:探讨Ⅲ(pN 2)期表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因野生型肺腺癌完全切除并辅助化疗患者术后放疗(PORT)的价值及预后影响因素。 方法:回顾性分析2009—2016年间郑州大学附属肿瘤医院完全切除的Ⅲ(pN 2)期EGFR基因野生型肺腺癌患者172例,均接受>4个周期含铂两药联合...     

纵隔淋巴结包膜外软组织受侵对ⅢA—N2期NSCLC术后放疗效果的预测作用

目的 探讨淋巴结包膜外软组织受侵(ECE)对ⅢA—N2期NSCLC术后放疗效果的预测价值.方法 共纳入2008—2009年220例术后ⅢA—N2期NSCLC患者,均接受了术后化疗,其中43例接受了术后放疗;按ECE(+)和ECE(-)分成两组,然后依照术后单纯化疗(non-PORT)和术后同步放化疗(PORT)行亚组分析.采用Kaplan-Meier法计算PFS、OS并Logrank检验和单因素预后分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析.结果 单因素分析显示ECE(-)组PFS、OS均优于ECE(+)组(P=0.000、0.000);ECE+组内PORT亚组和non-PORT亚组间PFS、OS均相近(P=0.584、0.723),ECE(-)组内PORT亚组PFS明显优于non-PORT亚组(P=0.039),但OS相近(P=0.125).多因素分析提示ECE是影响ⅢA—N2期非小细胞肺癌PFS和OS的独立预后因素(P=0.001、0.020).结论 ECE是ⅢA—N2期NSCLC的独立预后因素,它有可能作为ⅢA—N2期NSCLC术后放疗选择的依据.     

三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效

目的 评价三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效.方法 527例局部晚期NSCLC患者中,253例接受三维适形放疗,274例接受常规放疗.三维适形放疗组中,接受化放综合治疗者159例(62.8%).放射剂量为50～59 Gy者49例, 60 Gy者127例,＞60 Gy者77例.常规放疗组中,接受放化综合治疗者127例(46.4%).放射剂量为50～59 Gy者75例,60 Gy者151例,＞60 Gy者48例.结果 三维适形放疗组患者的1、3、5年总生存率分别为73.3%、26.1%和14.4%,中位生存时间为20.1 个月;常规放疗组患者的1、3、5年总生存率分别为61.0%、13.8%和8.0%,中位生存时间为15.6 个月(P=0.002).三维适形放疗组患者的1、3、5年肿瘤专项生存率分别为79.0%、33.3%和20.8%,常规放疗组患者分别为65.1%、16.7%和11.2%(P＜0.001).三维适形放疗组患者的1、3、5年局部区域控制率分别为71.6%、34.3%和31.0%;常规放疗组患者分别为57.3%、22.1%和19.2%(P=0.002).多因素分析结果显示,KPS评分、治疗前血红蛋白、放疗方法和近期疗效是NSCLC患者总生存和肿瘤专项生存的独立影响因素,三维适形放疗组的总生存率和肿瘤专项生存率较常规放疗组显著提高(OR分别为0.762和0.680,均P＜0.01).两组患者放射性食管炎和放射性肺炎的发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 采用三维适形放疗技术,能够提高局部晚期NSCLC患者的生存率.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the treatment results of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and conventional radiotherapy (2D) for patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Five hundred and twenty seven patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC treated between Jan 2000 and Dec 2006 were included in this study. Among them, 253 cases were treated with 3D-CRT, and 274 with conventional radiotherapy. In the 3D group,159(62.8%)patients ceceived chemoradiotherapy, 77 with total radiotherapy dose of >60 Gy, 49 with 50-60 Gy. In the 2D group, 127(46.4%)patients received chemoradiotherapy,48 with total radiotherapy dose of >60 Gy,75 with 50-60 Gy. Results The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rates(OS)and median survival time for patients treated with 3D-CRT were 73.3%, 26.1%, 14.4% and 20.1 months, respectively, and that of patients treated with 2D radiotherapy were 61.0%, 13.8%, 8.0% and 15.6 months, respectively (P=0.002). The 1-, 3-, 5-year cause-specific survival rates(CSS) were 79.0%, 33.3%, and 20.8% for the 3D group and 65.1%, 16.7%, 11.2%, respectively, for the 2D group (P=0.000). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year locoregional control rates were 71.6%, 34.3% and 31.0% for patients treated with 3D radiotherapy and 57.3%, 22.1% and 19.2%, respectively, for patients treated with 2D treatment(P=0.002). The results of multivariate analysis showed that 3D-CRT, KPS, clinical tumor response and pretreatment hemoglobin level were independently associated with increased OS and CSS. No statistically significant differences were found between the radiation complications in the two groups. Conclusions The results of our study demonstrate that 3D-conformal radiotherapy improves the survival rate in patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC compared with that of 2D radiation therapy.     

放射治疗对初诊转移性头颈鳞癌预后的影响

目的 基于美国SEER数据库的资料,评估放疗对初诊转移性头颈鳞癌（HNSCC）患者预后的影响。方法 利用SEER数据库筛选2010—2015年初诊为转移性HNSCC的患者1226例,包括放疗组762例（62.1%）,未放疗组464例（37.9%）。采用Kaplan‐Meier法计算癌症特异性生存（CSS）和总生存（OS）,在全组患者中通过Cox多因素回归和倾向配比评分（PSM）评估放疗对预后的影响。依据多因素分析结果将患者分为低、中和高风险组,并在不同风险组中分析放疗对生存的影响。结果 全组患者中位CSS和OS时间分别为11.0个月和10.0个月;放疗组和未放疗组的中位CSS时间分别为13.0个月和6.0个月,中位OS时间分别为12.0个月和6.0个月。多因素分析显示年龄、原发灶部位、T分期、N分期、转移脏器个数、手术、放疗和化疗是独立的预后影响因素（CSS：P值为0.045、0.021、0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001;OS：P值为0.002、<0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001）。PSM配对后,在低、中、高风险组中,放疗和未放疗患者3年CSS分别为：62.5%∶23.5%、22.4%∶15.7%和10.5%∶9.6%（P=0.008、0.001、0.203）;3年OS分别为：58.0%∶20.8%、19.8%∶12.7%和7.0%∶6.1%（P=0.002、0.001、0.166）。结论 放疗显著提高低风险和中风险组患者的CSS和OS,但高风险组患者不能从放疗中生存获益。     

Primary spinal cord glioma: a Surveillance,Epidemiology, and End Results database study

To characterize the overall survival (OS) and cause specific survival (CSS), and variables affecting outcome, in patients with primary spinal cord astrocytoma (SCA) and ependymoma (SCE). About 664 patients with SCA and 1,057 patients with SCE were analyzed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. For grade 1, 2, 3 and 4 SCA, the 5-year OS was 82, 70, 28 and 14%; the 5-year CSS was 89, 77, 36 and 20%. For SCA, lower grade, younger age, and undergoing resection significantly improved OS and CSS; treatment without radiotherapy was favorable for CSS. Smaller tumor size also improved survival. For grade 1, 2, and 3 SCE, the 5-year OS was 92, 97 and 58%; the 5-year CSS was 100, 98 and 64%. For SCE, lower grade, younger age, and undergoing resection significantly improved OS and CSS; treatment without radiotherapy was favorable for OS. Smaller tumor size did not confer a survival benefit. Patients with resected grade 2 spinal cord glioma who did not receive radiotherapy fared well with respect to OS and CSS. For patients with spinal cord glioma, the variables of histology, grade, age and undergoing resection are significant predictors of outcome. Though treatment with radiotherapy was associated with worse outcomes, this may reflect a bias in that patients who underwent radiotherapy were perhaps more likely to have had adverse risk factors. Given the retrospective nature of this study, specific recommendations about which situations warrant radiotherapy cannot be determined.     

放射治疗对初诊转移性头颈鳞癌预后的影响

目的 基于美国SEER数据库的资料,评估放疗对初诊转移性头颈鳞癌（HNSCC）患者预后的影响。方法 利用SEER数据库筛选2010—2015年初诊为转移性HNSCC的患者1226例,包括放疗组762例（62.1%）,未放疗组464例（37.9%）。采用Kaplan‐Meier法计算癌症特异性生存（CSS）和总生存（OS）,在全组患者中通过Cox多因素回归和倾向配比评分（PSM）评估放疗对预后的影响。依据多因素分析结果将患者分为低、中和高风险组,并在不同风险组中分析放疗对生存的影响。结果 全组患者中位CSS和OS时间分别为11.0个月和10.0个月;放疗组和未放疗组的中位CSS时间分别为13.0个月和6.0个月,中位OS时间分别为12.0个月和6.0个月。多因素分析显示年龄、原发灶部位、T分期、N分期、转移脏器个数、手术、放疗和化疗是独立的预后影响因素（CSS：P值为0.045、0.021、0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001;OS：P值为0.002、<0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001）。PSM配对后,在低、中、高风险组中,放疗和未放疗患者3年CSS分别为：62.5%∶23.5%、22.4%∶15.7%和10.5%∶9.6%（P=0.008、0.001、0.203）;3年OS分别为：58.0%∶20.8%、19.8%∶12.7%和7.0%∶6.1%（P=0.002、0.001、0.166）。结论 放疗显著提高低风险和中风险组患者的CSS和OS,但高风险组患者不能从放疗中生存获益。     

Postoperative radiotherapy increases locoregional control of patients with stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer treated with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery

PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with Stage IIB and Stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed the treatment records of 98 patients (58 men and 40 women; median age 61 years, range 31-91) with Stage IIB and Stage IIIA NSCLC who were treated with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery at our institution between January 1990 and December 2000. Patients were grouped by treatment (chemotherapy/surgery alone vs. chemotherapy/surgery/RT), by disease stage and nodal classification. The rates of local control (LC), disease-specific survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Of the 98 patients, 40 had Stage IIB and 58 had Stage IIIA. The clinical disease stage and N stage were significantly greater in those patients who underwent RT than in those who did not; however, no statistically significant differences were identified in the additional characteristics between those receiving and not receiving RT within each stage or nodal group. The overall 5-year actuarial LC rate was 81% in the RT group and 54% in the chemotherapy/surgery-alone group (p = 0.07). Postoperative RT significantly improved the 5-year LC rate in patients with Stage IIIA disease (from 35% to 82%, p = 0.01). Postoperative RT did not significantly improve the 5-year OS rate (30% with RT vs. 49% without) for all patients or for patients with Stage IIIA disease. The disease-specific survival and disease-free survival rates did not differ between the treatment groups. Patients who responded to induction chemotherapy had a significantly greater 5-year OS rate (49%) than did those with stable or progressive disease (22%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Postoperative RT in patients with Stage IIIA NSCLC treated with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery significantly improved LC without improving OS. Significantly improved survival was observed in all patients who responded to induction chemotherapy compared with those with stable or progressive disease.     

术中放疗对比术后放疗在早期乳腺癌中的生存分析——基于SEER数据库的研究

目的 比较术中放疗(IORT)与术后放疗(PORT)对≥50岁、肿瘤≤3cm、无淋巴结转移的早期女性乳腺癌患者的生存影响及相关预后因素分析。方法 从SEER数据库中获取2010—2015年符合纳入标准的早期乳腺癌患者的资料,分为IORT组及PORT组并进行倾向得分匹配(PSM)。通过Kaplan-Meier曲线获取两组的总生存(OS)和乳腺癌特异性生存(BCSS),Cox模型分析影响预后的因素。结果 PSM后共纳入7068例患者,中位随访32个月,IORT组和PORT组5年OS率分别为96.8%和93.8%。单因素分析显示放疗方式、年龄、组织学分级、T分期、雌激素受体(ER)及孕激素受体(PR)与患者OS有关,组织学分级、T分期、ER、PR以及化疗状态与患者BCSS有关。多因素分析显示IORT较PORT患者OS更好(P=0.020),≥60岁、T2期及ER阴性患者OS较差(P分别为0.003、<0.001、0.001)。组织学Ⅲ-Ⅳ级患者有更差的BCSS (P=0.004)。亚组分析显示IORT较PORT在≥60岁、组织学Ⅲ-Ⅳ级、浸润性导管癌、T2期、ER阳性、PR阳性及未化疗患者中OS获益更多。结论 在审慎选择的低危早期乳腺癌患者中IORT的短期生存不劣于PORT,还需长时间随访的前瞻性研究来进一步证实。     

Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌根治术后辅助治疗价值

目的 回顾性分析Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌根治术后辅助治疗的价值。方法 收集2008-2011年间收治的胸段食管鳞癌根治术后Ⅲ期者395例,其中97例单纯手术、212例术后辅助化疗、86例术后放疗。应用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,组间比较行Logrank法检验和单因素分析。结果 所有病例均随访满3年,125例随访满5年。全组单纯手术、术后辅助化疗和术后放疗者5年OS分别为17.1%、29.2%和36.4%(P=0.000);术后辅助化疗或放疗均能提高男性、胸中上段癌、术中重度粘连、中高分化鳞癌、Ⅲ_a 和Ⅲ_b期者OS (P=0.000~0.049);无论年龄≤60岁/>60岁、食管病变长度<6 cm/≥6 cm、两野或三野手术、清扫淋巴结<10个/≥10个者,术后放疗均能提高OS (P=0.001~0.047);术后辅助化疗提高年龄≤60岁、病变长度<6 cm和清扫淋巴结<10个者OS (P=0.002~0.049)。单纯手术、术后辅助化疗和术后放疗者5年PFS分别为19.0%、28.8%和36.4%,术后放疗高于单纯手术(P=0.012),尤其男性、年龄≤60岁、胸中上段癌、病变长度≥6 cm、清扫淋巴结<10和≥10个、术中重度粘连、中高分化鳞癌、Ⅲ_a和Ⅲ_b期者(P=0.001~0.042),而术后化疗比单纯手术不提高PFS (P=0.119)。结论 Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌根治术后辅助化疗和术后放疗均能提高OS,尤其男性、胸中上段癌、术中重度粘连、中高分化鳞癌、Ⅲ_a和Ⅲ_b期者;术后放疗也能提高PFS,而术后化疗不提高PFS。     

胸中段淋巴结阳性食管癌术后放疗的临床意义

目的：分析和研究淋巴结阳性的胸中段食管癌术后放疗能否提高生存率,同时对放疗范围提出进一步修改的建议。方法分析2004—2009年在我院手术的有淋巴结转移的胸中段食管鳞癌患者286例,其中手术196例,术后IMRT 90例。采用Kaplan－Meier法计算生存率并Logrank法检验,Cox模型多因素预后分析,采用χ2检验分析不同治疗方式对复发的影响。结果单一手术组（ S）和术后放疗组（ S＋R）5年OS分别为22．9％和37．8％,中位生存时间分别为23．2个月和34．7个月（P＝0．003）;淋巴结转移（LNM）1－2个S组和S＋R组的5年OS分别为27．3％和44．8％（P＝0．017）, LNM≥3个S组和S＋R组的5年OS分别为16．7％和25．0％（ P＝0．043）。 S组N1、N2、N3期腹腔淋巴结转移失败率分别为2．9％、10．9％、20．0％（P＝0．009）。 S＋R组与S组比较纵隔淋巴结转移失败率明显降低（ LNM 1－2个：S＋R 8．0％, S 35．3％, P＝0．003;LNM≥3个时, S＋R 10．0％, S 42．3％, P＝0．001）且明显延长了复发时间（ S＋R 25．1个月与S10．7个月,P＝0．000）。但LNM≥3个S＋R组的血道转移失败率明显高于S组（46．7％比26．1％,P＝0．039）。结论胸中段食管癌淋巴结阳性患者能从术后放疗中获益。 LNM 1－2个可缩小照射范围。 LNM≥3个时妥协放疗剂量是否比妥协照射范围更合理还需前瞻性研究。血道转移失败率高,为化疗提供了治疗依据。     

Effect of timing of surgery on survival after preoperative hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): is it a matter of days?

We intend to analyse retrospectively whether the time interval ("gap duration" = GD) between preoperative radiotherapy and surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has an impact on overall survival (OS), cancer specific survival (CSS), disease free survival (DFS) and local control (LC). Two hundred seventy nine patients with LARC were entered in Trial 93-01 (hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy 41.6 Gy/26 Fx BID) shortly followed by surgery. From these 250 patients are fully assessable. The median GD of 5 days was used as a discriminator. The median follow-up for all patients was 39 months. GD > 5 days was a significant discriminator for actuarial 5-years OS (69% vs 47%, p = 0.002), CSS (82% vs 57%, p = 0.0007), DFS (62% vs 41%, p = 0.0003) but not for LC (93% vs 90%, p = non-significant). In multivariate analysis, the following factors independently predict outcome; for OS: age, GD, circumferential margin (CM) and nodal stage (ypN); for CSS: GD, ypN and vascular invasion (VI); for DFS: CEA, distance to anal verge, GD, ypN and VI; for LC: CM only. Gap duration predicts survival outcome but not local control. The patients submitted to surgery after a median delay of more than 5 days had a significantly better outcome.