青海省人群牙周健康状况流行病学调查报告

目的了解青海省人群牙周健康的状况,为牙周疾病的防治提供基线资料。方法根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查牙周状况的检查标准,采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,对青海省12、35～44和65～74岁3个年龄组的牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋及附着丧失等进行流行病学抽样调查。结果1）青海省12、35～44、65～74岁年龄组牙龈出血检出率分别为98.74%、97.84%和92.23%,牙结石检出率分别为89.76%、99.87%和92.87%。2）35～44岁年龄组浅牙周袋检出率为34.64%,深牙周袋检出率为5.58%;65～74岁年龄组浅牙周袋检出率为50.45%,深牙周袋检出率为13.12%。3）35～44岁年龄组附着丧失4～5、6～8、9～11、12 mm或以上的检出率分别为40.74%、18.78%、4.82%、1.78%;65～74岁年龄组附着丧失4～5、6～8、9～11、12 mm或以上的检出率分别为71.21%、51.34%、20.51%、7.01%。结论青海省人群口腔卫生状况很差,中老年人牙周袋及附着丧失的程度比较严重,必须加强对牙周疾病的预防。     

江苏省中老年人牙周健康状况及影响因素分析

目的了解江苏省35~74岁人群的牙周健康状况及其相关影响因素,为开展中老年人牙周疾病的防治提供信息支持。方法采用分层、多阶段、等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省35~74岁城乡居民447人,其中35~44岁146人,55~64岁153人,65~74岁148人。按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查检查标准,采用CPI探针检查全口牙的牙龈出血、牙石、牙周袋和附着丧失状况,并进行问卷调查。结果35~44岁、55~64岁、65~74岁人群,牙龈出血人均牙数和检出率分别为11.3(95.2%)、11.3(95.4%)、8.2(87.2%),牙石人均牙数和检出率分别为21.3(100.0%)、21.5(99.4%)、18.0(98.0%),浅牙周袋人均牙数和检出率分别为1.6(38.4%)、3.0(64.1%)、2.3(53.4%),深牙周袋人均牙数和检出率分别为0.1(2.1%)、0.3(13.1%)、0.2(10.1%),牙周附着丧失人均牙数和检出率分别为1.2(32.2%)、6.0(76.5%)、6.4(87.2%),牙周健康检出率分别为2.1%、0.7%、4.1%。单因素分析显示牙周炎与年龄、性别、学历、吸烟有统计学意义(P<0.05),多元Logistic回归分析显示:年龄为牙周炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论本次调查显示江苏省中老年人牙周健康和口腔卫生状况较差。年龄、性别、学历、吸烟等可能是影响牙周健康状况的相关因素。应加强中老年人口腔预防保健工作,努力改善中老年人口腔健康状况。     

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目的    了解大连市开发区15岁学生人群恒牙龋病和牙周病患病状况及分布, 为口腔疾病防治策略提供依据。方法    于2009年10—11月,采用多阶段、等容量、随机抽样方法, 抽取大连市经济开发区 15岁学生480名, 男女各半。按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》中的龋病、牙周病调查标准进行检查。以龋均、患龋率、龋齿充填率和牙石、牙龈出血、牙周袋检出率作为统计指标, 采用SPSS12.0软件包对数据的进行统计分析。 结果    大连市经济开发区15岁学生的恒牙患龋率为55.42% , 龋均为1.49, 龋齿充填率为26.19%, 龋均和患龋率男女之间差异均有统计学意义 （均 P < 0.05） ; 牙龈出血检出率和平均检出区段数分别为31.88%和0.49个 , 牙结石检出率和平均检出区段数分别为74.58%和1.57个, 牙周袋的检出率为2.50%, 牙结石检出率和平均检出区段数男女之间差异有统计学意义 （ P < 0.05）。结论    大连市开发区 15岁年龄组学生患龋较高, 龋齿充填率低, 牙周健康状况不良, 应加强口腔卫生服务, 以促进该人群口腔健康水平。     

甘肃省口腔健康流行病学抽样调查报告

目的:了解并分析甘肃省城乡人群口腔健康状况,为口腔预防保健工作提供信息支持.方法: 按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法对3 158 名5、12、35～44、 65～74 岁4 个年龄组的甘肃省城乡常住人口进行口腔健康调查.结果: 被调查的4 个年龄组患龋率分别为55.80%、19.09%、61.95%、78.63%,龋齿充填率3.11%、10.76%、10.34%、4.60%;12、35～44、65～74 岁组牙龈出血检出率82.81%、93.55%、85.34%,牙结石检出率69.66%、99.37%、92.54%;35～44岁、65～74 岁组牙周袋检出率60.94%、62.20%,口腔黏膜病检出率6.32%、7.71%,义齿修复情况以可摘局部义齿和非正规固定桥多见.结论: 甘肃省城乡人群龋病患病情况低于2005 年全国平均水平,多数年龄组比1995 年甘肃省结果明显降低,但牙周病患病情况严重且高于全国平均水平.     

东北地区65～74岁老年人群口腔健康状况的抽样调查

目的:了解东北地区老年人群口腔健康状况,分析龋病、牙周疾病的患病情况,为开展老年人口腔预防保健提供基线资料.方法:采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,按照2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查的基本方法,对东北三省65～74岁年龄段的城乡居民2364人进行龋病和牙周疾病的调查.应用SPSS12.0软件包对三省患病情况的调查结果进行统计学分析.结果:65～74岁年龄段人群患龋率为67.5%,龋均为2.68.城市患龋高于农村.牙周健康检出率及牙龈出血、牙石、牙周袋、附着丧失检出率分别为15.4%、72.0%、86.6%、58.0%和60.1%,其中黑龙江省、辽宁省的检出率明显低于吉林省.结论:东北三省老年人群龋病、牙周疾病患病率高,口腔健康状况较差.提示开展针对老年人的社区口腔卫生服务,是提高老年人口腔健康状况的前提.     

江西省35～44岁人群对口腔卫生服务的需求和利用

目的调查江西省35～44岁人群口腔健康状况及其对口腔卫生服务的需求和利用,为有效开展口腔健康教育提供基线资料。方法采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法,对江西省35～44岁年龄组共792人进行口腔临床检查和问卷调查。结果35～44岁人群中龋齿患病率59.4%,龋齿充填率12.1%,牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋、附着丧失≥4 mm检出率分别为98.7%、99.6%、76.0%、84.2%;认识水平和经济因素致使35～44岁人群对口腔卫生服务的需求和利用较低。结论应加强对35～44岁人群的口腔健康教育,提高其口腔保健意识,同时,应健全和完善口腔卫生服务系统,促使35～44岁人群对口腔卫生服务的需求和利用。     

西藏驻军牙周健康状况流行病学抽样调查

目的：调查我国西藏驻军人员的牙周健康状况，并分析相关因素。方法：采用世界卫生组织1997年版口腔健康调查基本方法和标准器材，以分层、整群抽样方法选择拉萨驻军某部队为调查样本，对其进行问卷调查和临床检查。结果：共调查驻军人员730名，其中201人（27，53％）至少有1个区段牙龈探诊出血，505人（69．18％）检出牙结石，34人（4．66％）患有轻度牙周炎，1人（0.14％）患有重度牙周炎，牙周非健康状态的检出率为80．8％，总区段数为4380，其中牙周非健康的区段数为1941，牙周非健康状态的平均区段数为2．66。统计学表明牙结石的检出率、牙周非健康状态的检出率和年龄、军龄、军衔呈正相关，而与兵源、文化程度不相关。结论：牙周疾病已成为西藏驻军人员的常见病、多发病之一，有必要一方面加强口腔卫生教育，以促进其保持口腔卫生，另一方面需要加强配备口腔医疗设备和医疗人员，及时地为其预防和控制牙周病的病情。     

2005年广东省中老年人牙周健康状况抽样调查报告

目的 了解广东省35～44岁、65～74岁城乡人群牙周健康的现状,为广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法,抽取广东省35～44岁、65～74岁城乡常住人口各720人,男女各半.按照<第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案>用CPI探针检查全口牙牙周袋深度和半口牙的附着丧失.结果 35～44岁组、65～74岁组有浅牙周袋分别为24.31%、38.06%,浅牙周袋平均牙数分别为1.55、1.63颗.深牙周袋为5.97%、10.69%,平均牙数为0.14、0.15颗.附着丧失小于3 mm检出率分别为42.50%、4.44%,至少有1个牙位附着丧失≥4 mm的检出率为44.17%、74.58%,至少有1个牙位附着丧失≥6 mm的检出率为12.64%、41.39%.附着丧失4～5 mm的平均牙数分别为1.42、2.42颗.附着丧失6～8 mm的平均牙数分别为0.27、0.79颗.男性牙周袋、附着丧失检出率高于女性.结论 广东省中老年人的口腔健康广泛受牙周炎的影响.     

清华大学教师口腔健康状况调查

目的　调查高校教师口腔健康状况 ,提高高校口腔保健工作水平。方法　采用世界卫生组织口腔健康调查表格、标准与方法 ,对清华大学 965名高级教师进行了口腔健康调查。结果　 ( 1)患龋率 5 1.92 % ,龋均 1.66±0 .3 1;龋失补构成比 :龋未治牙 (D)占 2 2 .94 % ,龋失牙 (M)占 2 5 .5 6% ,因龋充填牙 (F)占 5 1.5 0 %。 ( 2 )牙龈出血 ,平均区段数 0 .82± 0 .15 ,检出率 3 1.71% ;牙结石平均区段数 1.2 6± 0 .2 1,检出率 4 8.71% ;浅牙周袋 ,平均区段数 0 .2 8± 0 .0 8,检出率 15 .3 4 % ;深牙周袋 ,平均区段数 0 .10± 0 .0 8,检出率 6.84 %。 ( 3 )楔状缺损牙的均数为 1.85± 0 .5 4 ,患病率 3 0 .0 0 %。结论　清华大学高级教师患龋情况低于全国 ;牙周疾病检出率略高于全国 ;楔状缺损已成为该校高级教师的第 3位牙疾病     

我军第二次部队人员牙周疾病捷径调查和分析

目的:了解牙周疾病在我军部队人员中的流行情况。方法:采用世界卫生组织1997年版口腔健康调查基本方法和标准器材。结果:共调查1 269人,结果表明,我军现役人员男性牙龈炎患病率为21.12%,牙结石检出率为44.05%,早期牙周病患病率为2.75%,晚期牙周病患病率为0.39%。结论:根据本次调查结果和我军第一次口腔健康的牙周疾病监测,以及外军相关资料比照进行牙周疾病流行病学研究分析表明,我军牙周疾病患病率比较平稳,牙周疾病大部分处于早期阶段。     

江苏省12~15岁中学生牙周健康状况抽样调查

目的通过调查江苏省中学生牙龈出血、牙石指数等牙周临床指标,了解该地区中学生牙周健康状况,为制定江苏省中学生口腔卫生保健工作提供一定的理论依据。方法采用分层多阶段等容量随机抽样的方法抽取12~15岁4个年龄段中学生共3914人。检查其牙龈出血、牙石、牙周袋深度及15岁中学生附着丧失情况,采取非参数检验分析均数,采取卡方检验分析率。结果江苏省12~15岁中学生牙龈出血检出率为89.68%,男女间无明显差异,乡村显著低于城市(P<0.001);牙石检出率为84.59%,男性明显高于女性(P<0.05),乡村显著低于城市(P<0.001)。其中12岁、13岁、14岁、15岁牙龈出血检出率分别为89.16%、89.05%、89.06%、91.46%,年龄组间无明显统计学差异;牙石检出率分别为79.75%、83.16%、85.48%、90.02%,其中12与14岁、12与15岁、13与15岁、14与15岁之间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论江苏省12~15岁中学生牙龈出血和牙石检出率较高,牙龈炎症控制情况不良,明显低于全国平均水平,应加强中学生的口腔健康教育工作。     

四川省12岁儿童口腔健康状况调查报告

目的调查四川省12岁儿童口腔健康现状,监测龋病和牙周疾病患病趋势,为四川省口腔卫生保健规划和决策提供信息和依据。方法按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案》,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取四川省12岁城乡儿童常住人口720人,男女各半,检查恒牙龋和牙周情况。数据采用SPSS13.0软件统计。结果12岁年龄组儿童龋均0.5,患龋率25.7%。龋补充填比F/(D F)6.7%,城市高于农村(P<0.01)。窝沟封闭率0.7%,农村为0。显著性龋均指数1.47,73.40%的恒牙龋分布于12.74%的儿童中。牙龈出血检出率76.3%,牙石检出率72.0%,人均7.5颗牙齿有牙龈出血,9.9颗牙齿有牙石。农村均高于城市(P<0.01)。结论调查人群患龋率较低,但龋病预防与治疗情况差,龋病主要集中在少数高危儿童;农村儿童牙周状况差,农村口腔保健工作亟待加强。口腔卫生保健工作应趋向区域性、合理性、系统性。     

Periodontal treatment needs in 12 and 15 to 19-year-old school children in the Caribbean island of Antigua, 1990

A national survey was undertaken in 1990 to investigate the periodontal treatment needs in 12 and 15 to 19-year-olds residing in urban and rural areas of Antigua. Using the CPITN procedure, examination of 246 12 year-old children and 456 adolescents (15–19 years) revealed that the CPITN scores of healthy, gingival bleeding, calculus, 4 or 5 mm and ≥6 mm periodontal pockets were distributed similarly in urban and rural areas. Calculus was the most commonly recorded score, with a prevalence of 46% in 12-year-olds and 56% in 15–19 year-olds. 4 or 5 mm pockets were found in 14% of adolescents, affecting on average less than one sextant per subject, but deep pockets were uncommon, 26% of 12-year-olds and 14% of adolescents had periodontally healthy mouths. Scaling and oral hygiene instruction were the predominant treatment needs in both age groups, but the requirement for complex periodontal care in adolescents was low – 3% only.     

Periodontal status and treatment needs in the Chiangmai/Lamphun provinces of Thailand

As part of an oral health survey concerned with the evaluation of a collaborative primary oral health care program, the CPITN system was used to determine the periodontal status and treatment needs of 2009 Thai people aged 12-44 yr. Calculus dominated the CPITN scores. The percentage of persons with healthy periodontal tissues was small, ranging from 0.7% at age 35-44 to 4.1% at age 12. Ranges for other highest scores were bleeding-0.4% at age 35-44 yr to 6.1% at age 12 yr; calculus-62% at age 35-44 yr to 92.6% at age 17-18 yr. Pocketing did not occur to any significant extent until age 35-44 where 23.9% had 3-5 mm pockets and 12.8% had pockets 6 mm or deeper. 15-18-yr-olds who had received prior care from a Village Scaler had a significantly higher number and proportion of healthy sextants than those who had not received such care. No such effect was demonstrated in 35-44-yr-olds. The need for caution in the interpretation of this result is stressed. Attention is drawn to the desirability of differentiating between supra- and sub-gingival calculus in the CPITN scoring system and to the excessive treatment requirements that arise from classifying everyone with calculus as requiring prophylaxis and scaling. A great deal of improvement will need to be affected if the Thai national and global goals for periodontal health are to be achieved in the districts covered by this survey.     

Prevalence and severity of periodontal conditions among adults in urban and rural Morogoro, Tanzania

A study to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal conditions among 809 adults in Tanzania was carried out in 1982 in Morogoro District. The prevalence of plaque (99.6%), calculus (95.7%) and gingivitis (93.8%) among them was high. The mean number of teeth per person with pockets between 3.5 and 5.5 mm was 3.5 for the urban and 4.2 for the rural population. Pockets of more than 5.5 mm were found on average in 0.1 (urban) and 0.2 (rural) teeth per person. In the 45+ age group on average 3.0 teeth per person were missing in urban areas and 6.9 teeth in rural areas. There were no statistically significant differences found in periodontal conditions between urban and rural adults, except for the 45+ age group. In this age group a higher mean number of teeth per person with recession, calculus, pockets, gingivitis and missing were found among the rural than the urban population. The study suggests that high prevalence of plaque, calculus and gingivitis at a young age, if untreated, does not lead for all persons to severe periodontal breakdown with ultimately tooth loss in old age in this population. Effects of the study in terms of planning primary health care teaching programs have been presented.     

Oral self-care among adults with diabetes in Finland

OBJECTIVES: The importance of maintenance and promotion of periodontal health is emphasized among people with diabetes because of their high risk for periodontal diseases. Our aim was to evaluate oral health behavior and its determinants among adults with diabetes in Finland. METHODS: The population of the questionnaire study consisted of 420 systematically selected adults with diabetes, who were members of a national diabetes register. The response rate was 80%. Questions focused on self-treatment, -prevention, and -diagnosis of oral diseases, utilization of dental services, and knowledge and attitudes toward oral health among adult people with diabetes. Oral self-care was evaluated in the framework of the New Century model of oral health promotion. RESULTS: The proportion of edentulous subjects was 23%, and these were excluded from further analysis. Self-reported twice-a-day brushing among dentate participants was significantly more common among women and the highly educated, but was less common compared with earlier studies among Finnish adults. A quarter of those surveyed reported never cleaning interdental surfaces, with the number of daily cleaners being nearly equal (27%). Age 40 years or over and recent treatment by a private dentist were significant predictors for daily interdental cleaning. The proportion of those who had attended a dental appointment within the last year was 63%, and the main reason for the last dental visit was an emergency among almost one-fifth of those surveyed. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for further promotion of oral self-care among adults with diabetes. Support by dental and other health care professionals involved in diabetes care should be encouraged.     

Oral health,general health,and quality of life in older people

The purpose of this report is to review the interrelationship between poor oral health conditions of older people and general health. The impact of poor oral health on quality of life (QOL) is analyzed, and the implications for public health intervention and oral health care are discussed. Findings from the current research may lead to the following conclusions: The available scientific evidence is particularly strong for a direct relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease; the direct relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease is less convincing. General and associated oral health conditions have a direct influence on elder people's QOL and lifestyle. The growing number of elderly people challenges health authorities in most countries. The evidence on oral health–general health relationships is particularly important to WHO in its effort to strengthen integrated oral health promotion and disease prevention around the globe.     

广西65-74岁人群口腔健康行为抽样调查

目的：了解广西65-74岁城乡人群口腔卫生行为、口腔卫生服务利用等情况,为广西口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法：对广西壮族自治区65-74岁城乡常住人口430人进行口腔健康问卷抽样调查。结果：广西87.21%的65-74岁老年人每天刷牙,城市为95.33%,农村为79.17%,城市好于农村（P〈0.001）。近半数（48.84%）认为自己牙齿健康状况不好,但绝大部分（88.84%）不愿意主动就医。有46.28%的老人从未看过牙,城、乡分别为17.76%、74.54%,农村高于城市（P〈0.05）。结论：广西部分65-74岁老年人未建立口腔健康行为,大部分老人对自身口腔疾病及危害认识不足,未能充分利用现有的口腔卫生资源,城乡差别较大。     

Oral health status of homeless people in Hong Kong

The authors report on an oral health survey among Hong Kong Chinese homeless people. A total of 140 homeless men underwent clinical examination and were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. More than 90% had evidence of caries experience; most (75%) were related to untreated caries. The mean DMFT score was 9.0 (DT=3.2, MT=5.2. FT=0.6). Periodontal disease was highly prevalent, with 96% having periodontal pockets. The dental problems most frequently reported by the homeless were: bleeding gums or drifting teeth (62%), dental pain (52%) and tooth trauma (38%). More than 70% of the study's participants perceived a need for dental care. The population surveyed had poorer oral health compared to the general population. High levels of dental needs, both normative and perceived, were found. There is a need to provide more accessible and affordable oral health services to this group of people.     

陕西省老年人群口腔疾病就医观念行为状况的调查

目的：了解陕西城乡老年人群口腔疾病的就医观念和行为。方法：采用多阶段、分层、等容量随机抽样的方法,随机抽取65-74岁的老年人405例作为调查对象,调查内容包括：老年人看牙的情况、就诊机构、就诊的主要原因等。采用面对面询问的方法进行现场调查。所有数据输入Epidata数据库,采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行分析。结果：城市中会去看牙的老年人高于农村,就医需要亦高于农村。多数老年人在牙疼时选择顺序为：挺一挺就过去、自己找药吃、找医生治疗牙齿、找医生拔牙。在过去的12个月中城乡老年人没有就医的比例为：76.1%、87.5%,多数城市老年人认为牙齿没问题、牙病不严重,因经济困难或附近没有牙医而不能就诊的农村老年人明显的高于城市。就诊机构主要选择在社区卫生院、私人牙科诊所。就诊主要原因是急慢性牙疼,接受的治疗主要是拔、补、镶牙,只有城市中少数老年人接受定期检查、牙齿美容以及牙周治疗。结论：加强老年人口腔健康教育,充分利用陕西省有限的口腔卫生资源,提高老年人口腔健康水平。