高效液相色谱法测定阿莫西林/双氯西林钠胶囊含量

阿莫西林 双氯西林钠胶囊为一种新型广谱抗生素复方制剂 ,其主药成分为阿莫西林和双氯西林钠。本文经过试验优选色谱条件 ,采用高效液相色谱法 (ＨＰＬＣ)同时测定阿莫西林 双氯西林胶囊中阿莫西林和双氯西林的含量 ,现报道如下。1　材料1.1　试药和试剂阿莫西林 :山西搏康药业有限公司 (含量85 .5 %) ;双氯西林钠 :华西医科大学药学院 (含量98.8%,以无水物计 ) ;阿莫西林 双氯西林钠胶囊 :海南三洋德林药业有限公司 ;磷酸二氢钾 :分析纯(汕头市光华化工厂 ) ;甲醇、乙腈 :色谱纯 (上海吴径化工总厂 )。1.2　仪器岛津ＬＣ 10ＡＤ高效液相…     

阿莫西林双氯西林钠胶囊治疗皮肤细菌性感染的临床观察

目的:观察阿莫西林双氯西林钠治疗皮肤细菌性感染的疗效。方法:选取皮肤感染患者273例,将其随机分为观察组(阿莫西林双氯西林钠胶囊)和对照组(阿莫西林胶囊),对比分析临床疗效。结果:治疗组总有效率为91.37%,对照组总有效率为63.43%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:阿莫西林双氯西林钠胶囊治疗细菌感染性皮肤病,疗效优于单用阿莫西林。     

阿莫西林氟氯西林钠胶囊与阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾片随机对照治疗呼吸道细菌性感染75例

目的:评价阿莫丙林氟氯西林钠胶囊治疗呼吸道细菌性感染的疗效及安全性.方法:采用随机双盲双模拟平行阳性药临床试验设计,选用75例18～65岁的病人随机分配到试验组(阿莫两林氟氯西林钠胶囊)37例和对照组(阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片)38例.给药方案为试验组2粒阿莫西林氟氯西林钠胶囊+1片阿莫西林,克拉维酸钾片的安慰剂,口服3次/d.对照组1片阿莫西林,克拉维酸钾片+2粒阿莫西林氟氯西林钠胶囊的安慰剂,口服3次/d.试验药物与对照药物疗程均为5～14 d.结果:试验组与对照组的痊愈率与有效率分别为56.8%,58.3%与94.6%,91.7%,细菌阳性率分别为81.3%与83.3%.细菌清除率分别为100%与100%,不良反应发生率分别为2.7%与5.3%(P>0.05).结论:阿莫西林氟氯西林钠胶囊是治疗呼吸道细菌感染的有效和安全的药物,与阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾片相当.     

复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液含量测定方法的研究

目的建立测定复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液中玻璃酸钠和双氯酚酸钠的含量的方法。方法以咔唑试液为显色剂 ,采用比色法测定玻璃酸钠的含量 ,测定波长为 (5 30± 2 )nm ;采用反相高效液相色谱法测定双氯酚酸钠的含量 ,以HPERSILBDS为固定相 ,ψ(甲醇 ∶ 0 .1%冰醋酸 ) =75∶2 5为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 76nm。结果玻璃酸钠的线性范围为 4 .6 8～ 4 6 .8μg/mL ,平均回收率为 97.1% ,RSD为 2 .2 % ;双氯酚酸钠的线性范围为 0 .0 2～ 0 .6mg/mL ,平均回收率为 99.6 % ,RSD为 0 .3%。结论本方法灵敏、准确 ,可用于控制复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液的质量     

注射用阿莫西林钠／氟氯西林钠在输液中的稳定性

目的：考察注射用阿莫西林钠／氟氯西林钠在10％葡萄糖注射液和0．9％氯化钠注射液中的稳定性。方法：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠分别与10％葡萄糖注射液和0．9％氯化钠注射液配伍后常温放置,观察配伍溶液的外观、pH值和含量变化。结果：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠在10％葡萄糖注射液2h内稳定．在0．9％氯化钠注射液中4h内稳定。结论：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠可与0．9％氯化钠注射液配伍应用。     

HPLC法测定注射用阿莫西林钠含量的方法研究

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定注射用阿莫西林钠含量的方法。方法:色谱条件:C18柱,流动相为0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(97.5∶2.5),检测波长为254 nm,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温25℃。结果:阿莫西林在0.25 mg/m L~0.75 mg/m L范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为99.4%,RSD=0.12%(n=6)。结论:该方法操作简便、快捷,重现性好,可作为注射用阿莫西林钠的含量测定方法。     

干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定复方制剂中两组分的含量

目的：测定复方制剂注射用氨氯西林钠中氨苄林钠和氯唑西林钠的含量。方法：利用干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定。氨苄西林钠、氯唑西林钠(山西博康药业有限公司提供)。结果：氨苄西林钠的含量为：98．5％、，S=0．025，RSD=2．6％，氯唑西林钠的含量为：100．5％，S=1．3，RSD=1．3％。结论：干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定两组分的含量具有简单、快速、准确等特点，是一种新型测定复方制剂中两组分含量的新方法。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定人血阿莫西林钠/克拉维酸钾血药浓度

目的建立阿莫西林钠/克拉维酸钾人血药浓度的色谱分析方法。方法采用对乙酰氨基酚为内标,人血浆样品用甲醇沉淀蛋白后高速离心进样;色谱柱:C18色谱柱(依利特Hypersil BDS,5μm,4.6mm×150mm);流动相:乙腈-0.05mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液=10∶90(V/V,磷酸调pH至2.3);紫外检测波长:220nm;流速:1.0ml/min;柱温:25℃。结果克拉维酸钾、阿莫西林钠及内标物对乙酰氨基酚保留时间分别为5.3、7.2、8.5min,人血浆中内源性杂质对目标物的测定没有干扰。阿莫西林钠在0.52~4.16μg/ml范围线性良好(r2=0.9996),克拉维酸钾在0.266~2.14μg/ml范围线性良好(r2=0.9998);阿莫西林钠和克拉维酸钾的最低检测浓度分别为0.065和0.066μg/ml。;阿莫西林钠的相对回收率分别为95.9%~96.5%(n=5),克拉维酸钾的相对回收率分别为92.5%~98.8%(n=5),阿莫西林钠日内RSD为1.84%~6.4%,日间RSD为2.1%~7.8%;克拉维酸钾日内RSD为3.57%~8.6%,日间RSD为1.8%~9.1%。结论本方法简便、准确、灵敏、特异性强、重现性好,可作为同时测定人血浆中阿莫西林钠/克拉维酸钾浓度方法 。     

柱后衍生离子色谱法测定氯膦酸二钠注射液的含量

目的建立氯膦酸二钠注射液的含量测定方法。方法采用阴离子交换色谱柱分离,用衍生溶液在线柱后衍生,再进行紫外检测。色谱柱为阴离子交换柱(D IONEX IonPac AS7分离柱,10μm,4 mm×25 cm;D IONEX IonPac AG7预柱);流动相为40mmol/L硝酸溶液,流速0.5 mL/m in;柱后衍生溶液为含有高氯酸的硝酸铁溶液,流速为0.25 mL/m in;检测波长为300 nm。结果氯膦酸二钠在100~300μg/mL的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系,回归方程为ρ=0.00013014A 23.952,r=0.9999(n=7);平均回收率为101.85%,RSD=1.2%(n=9)。结论该方法简捷、快速、准确度高,可用于氯膦酸二钠注射液的质量控制。     

注射用阿莫西林钠舒巴坦钠含量测定

采用HPLC法同时测定注射用阿莫西林钠和舒巴坦钠的含量,色谱条件为:Hp hypersil DOS柱,V(0.015mol/L乙酸钠,pH4.0):V(甲醇）=90:10为流动相,检测波长235nm ,阿莫西林在100～500ug/mL,舒巴坦在50～250ug/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系（r分别为0.9994和0.9991）,平均回收率分别为99.96%和99.87%,RSD分别为0.426%和0.646%。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.