牙列重度磨耗老年患者咬合重建的疗效观察

目的评价对牙列重度磨耗导致咬合垂直距离降低的老年患者进行咬合重建的疗效。方法老年牙列重度磨耗患者65例按有无牙列缺损和颞下颌关节紊乱（tempommandihulardisorders,TMD）分为3组。A组42例,牙列重度磨耗伴牙列缺损,不伴TMD。B组15例,牙列重度磨耗伴牙列缺损,且有功能性TMD。C组8例,牙列重度磨耗伴有功能性TMD,但无牙列缺损。A组和B组采用胎垫式可摘义齿,C组采用可摘式验垫重建咬合。65例患者随访45d～9年,根据咀嚼功能和颞下颌关节（temporomandibularjoint,TMJ）功能进行疗效评价。结果咀嚼功能方面,A组42例中40例达到优良,B组15例中14例达到优良,C组8例中7例达到优良。TMJ功能方面,A组仍无TMD病例,B组15例中14例TMJ功能恢复正常,C组8例中7例TMJ功能恢复正常。结论老年患者由于牙列重度磨耗导致的咬合垂直距离降低,有必要进行咬合重建修复,在正中耠位行验重建修复效果满意,可为其后固定修复提供参考。     

牙列重度磨耗粘结复合树脂咬合面预增高咬合重建

目的:探讨牙列重度磨耗以粘接复合树脂预增高咬合,后行咬合重建修复的临床治疗新途径。方法:先采用粘接复合树脂直接修复牙列重度磨耗患者的咬合面,增高咬合,恢复垂直距离及正中关系,再以固定修复、固定-可摘局部义齿修复等方式行咬合重建。结果:4例牙列重度磨耗患者以粘接树脂预增高咬合均可有效升高咬合垂直距离,复合树脂粘接可靠,调简捷,患者对粘接复合树脂预增高咬合适应性好,永久性修复体完成后随访半年-1年,患者面部外形改善,咀嚼功能恢复良好。结论:牙列重度磨耗粘接树脂咬合面预增高咬合重建,可较为准确恢复咬合垂直距离,易于患者接受及配合,为固定式咬合重建创造了便利条件,作为咬合重建修复的新途径值得进一步研究。     

中重度牙列磨耗一次性咬合重建修复的疗效观察

目的探讨中、重度牙列磨耗患者一次性咬合重建的临床效果。方法中、重度牙列磨耗患者23例,行一次性固定或活动义齿修复,随访并询问患者的主观感受、咀嚼情况、颞下颌关节区变化,摄X线片,了解义齿、牙根及颞下颌关节结构改变。结果患者普遍认为一次性重建易适应、咀嚼效率显著提高,无颞下颌关节区不适等症状。复查X线片示无明显异常。结论中、重度牙列磨耗患者选择性实施一次性咬合重建的临床效果良好。     

老年人牙列重度磨耗的固定义齿咬合重建修复

目的：探讨老年人牙列重度磨耗的固定义齿咬合重建修复的可行性，总结临床经验。方法：回顾性研究7例老年人牙列重度磨耗的固定义齿咬合重建患者临床资料，分析临床表现、诊疗特点，总结诊疗过程中注意事项。由一个典型病例介绍诊疗过程。结果：老年人牙列重度磨耗临床表现、并发症多样，[牙合]垫式活动义齿暂时性修复3个月后，单颌或双颌固定义齿咬合重建，修复12个整牙列，随访2～4年，患者满意度高，未出现再度磨耗，颞下颌关节稳定。结论：老年人牙列重度磨耗的固定义齿咬合重建修复可行，诊疗过程较长，中短期疗效肯定。     

牙列缺损伴重度磨耗的老年人可摘局部义齿修复

目的 :探讨老年重度磨耗伴牙列缺损的修复治疗。方法 :对 3 2例老年重度磨耗伴牙列缺损 ,其中部分出现TMD的患者采用了牙合垫式可摘义齿一次性修复。结果 :3 2例病例随访时间 2 .5个月～ 5年 ,患者咀嚼功能明显改善 ,纠正偏侧咀嚼 ,关节的症状均得到缓解 ;无TMD者咬合关系未做变动或垂直距离 (OVD)适当升高病例戴用义齿后未出现TMD症状 ,取得了良好的临床效果。结论 :牙合垫式可摘义齿修复老年重度磨耗伴牙列缺损 ,方法简单 ,效果满意     

重度磨耗伴末端游离缺失的套筒冠义齿咬合重建修复10例

目的 探讨牙列重度磨耗伴末端游离缺失的套筒冠义齿咬合重建修复的可行性。方法 回顾性研究10例牙列重度磨耗伴末端游离缺失的患者进行套筒冠义齿咬合重建修复后的临床资料,分析临床表现、诊疗特点,总结诊疗过程中的注意事项。结果 牙列重度磨耗临床表现、并发症多样,垫式活动义齿暂时性修复3个月后,行单颌或双颌套筒冠义齿咬合重建,修复12个整牙列,随访2年,患者满意度高,咀嚼功能恢复好,未出现再度磨耗,颞下颌关节稳定。结论 牙列重度磨耗伴末端游离缺失的套筒冠义齿咬合重建修复可行,诊疗过程较长,中短期疗效肯定。     

牙列重度磨损咬合重建修复治疗方法的探讨

目的 探讨牙列重度磨耗患者行固定义齿咬合重建修复的可行性.方法 结合1例牙列重度磨耗患者,咬合垫佩戴3个月后,制作过渡性修复体,口内观察1年,然后行上下颌固定义齿最终修复,经过这一序列诊疗过程完成咬合重建.结果 患者使用最终修复体2年,美观满意,咀嚼效率良好,无咀嚼系统肌肉及颞下颌关节不适症状.结论 牙列重度磨耗的固定义齿咬合重建修复是一个复杂的序列治疗过程,治疗效果是满意的.     

牙列缺损伴重度磨耗的咬合重建及修复

目的探讨牙列缺损伴重度磨耗咬合重建及修复方法。方法本文重点介绍了牙列缺损并伴有严重磨耗,面下1/3高度变短的病例,采用固定义齿与简单或垫式通可摘局部义齿进行联合性修复,以获得永久性咬合重建治疗。结果对牙列缺损伴重度磨耗的病例,可通过暂时性修复进行过渡,固定义齿与简单或垫式可摘局部义齿进行联合性修复以达到满意的疗效。结论合理的咬合重建修复治疗可有效恢复患者正中颌位关系及正常的咀嚼功能、治疗及预防颞下颌关节疾病、改善美观。     

重度磨耗伴牙列缺损的一次性咬合重建修复

目的探讨一次性咬合重建修复重度磨耗伴牙列缺损的可行性。方法对1例重度磨耗伴牙列缺损的低位咬合患者采用垫式可摘局部义齿行一次性咬合重建,治疗后1个月和3个月复诊,询问患者主观感受。治疗前、治疗后1个月和3个月时,用肌电图仪测咀嚼肌肌电活动,用花生米悬浊液比色法测咀嚼效率。结果患者咬合升高3.5mm。随访3个月,患者无不适,对义齿的美观和功能都满意。静息状态下咀嚼肌肌电活动较治疗前明显减弱,最大紧咬状态下变化不明显。治疗前花生米悬浊液比色法光密度值为0.436,治疗后1个月和3个月的光密度值为0.745和0.875,患者治疗后咀嚼效率较治疗前明显提高。结论一次性咬合重建可以尝试性修复重度磨耗伴牙列缺损。     

牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的可摘局部义齿重建修复

目的：探讨应用可摘局部义齿一次性咬合重建修复牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的可行性.方法：对17例牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的患者采用（耠）垫式可摘局部义齿行一次性咬合重建,治疗后1个月、3个月和6个月复诊,调查患者主观感觉、咀嚼效果、义齿稳定性;以及是否有颞颌关节不适.结果：患者咬合升高1.5mm-2.5mm.随访6个月,患者无不适,咀嚼功能改善明显,对义齿的美观和功能都满意.结论：对于牙列重度磨耗伴缺损的病例可以尝试应用可摘局部义齿进行一次性咬合重建修复.     

Influence of different narrative instructions to record the occlusal contact with silicone registration materials

This study examined the influence of narrative instructions on the occlusal contact area, occlusal contact point and masticatory muscle activities in normal subjects. Twelve healthy men and 12 healthy women with no more than one missing tooth per quadrant participated. Surface EMG was recorded from the masseter and temporal muscle. As a control measurement, intercuspal position was maintained to produce a habitual clenching record (NCR) while the occlusal contact area and occlusal contact point was recorded by means of silicone material. Subsequently, the occlusal contact area was recorded with the narrative instruction for minimum clenching record (MCR), light clenching record (LCR) and strong clenching record (HCR). While the EMG activity (%MVC) increased modestly from MCR to LCR (from 9·3 ± 2·0% to 11·5 ± 1·5%), the occlusal contact area increased rapidly (from 17·2 ± 11·3 mm² to 26·8 ± 15·6 mm²) (P < 0·05). Both EMG activity and occlusal contact area increased gradually from LCR to NCR (to 17·7 ± 2·0% and to 31·4 ± 14·2 mm², respectively). Finally, EMG activity still increased from NCR to HCR (to 44·5 ± 3·7%) (P < 0·05), but the occlusal contact area remained stable (to 36·8 ± 16·6 mm²). Occlusal contact points at left posterior, right posterior, anterior and total area were not significantly different between each task. This study showed that narrative instructions while recording the bite can result in largely stable occlusal contact area. An adequate narrative instruction may therefore contribute to taking a stable occlusal recording in natural dentition.     

Influence of the thickness of silicone registration material as a means for occlusal contact examination – an explorative study with different tooth clenching intensities

This study explored the influence of the thickness of silicone registration material on evaluation of the occlusal contact area and number of occlusal contact points, during increasing tooth clenching conditions in normal subjects. Twenty‐four subjects with no more than one missing tooth per quadrant participated. Surface electro‐myography was recorded from the masseter muscle. As a baseline measurement, intercuspal position was maintained with minimal force, and occlusal contact was recorded using blue silicone material. Occlusal contact was also recorded at 20% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and 40% MVC using visual feedback. The occlusal contact area and number of occlusal contact points were analysed using five levels of thickness of silicone registration material: Level 1 (0–149 μm); Level 2 (0–89 μm); Level 3 (0–49 μm); Level 4 (0–29 μm); and Level 5 (0–4 μm). The anterior part and the left and right posterior regions of the dental arch were analysed separately. At all detection levels, the occlusal contact area significantly increased from baseline to 20% MVC and to 40% MVC in the molar area (P < 0·05). In the anterior part, the occlusal contact area significantly increased from baseline to 20% MVC and to 40% MVC only when using Level 5. The number of occlusal contact points significantly increased from baseline to 20% MVC and to 40% MVC only when using Level 5 in the molar area (P < 0·05). It suggested that occlusal contacts may be different at low tooth clenching intensity with potential effects on the teeth or periodontal tissues.     

Clinical protocol for occlusal adjustment: Rationale and application

Background: Occlusal adjustment can optimize the result of orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, and comprehensive restoration, and resolve adverse forces to the dentition that affect the entire masticatory system. Mounted diagnostic casts and computerized occlusal analysis offer complementary advantages for evaluating occlusal problems. Predictable occlusal adjustment is facilitated by precise, measured documentation of occlusal force by computerized occlusal analysis.

Clinical presentation: A conservative, structural correction of a pronounced, chronic occlusal problem by additive and subtractive occlusal adjustment was performed after a previous failed occlusal adjustment. The patient’s chief concerns were significant anterior teeth fremitus in maximum intercuspation and “pain in the teeth and a poor bite” after 30+ adjustments over 2.5 years.

Clinical Relevance: Confirmation of specific criteria for a therapeutic occlusion resolved the anterior teeth fremitus and uneven bite. Traumatic occlusal contact on posterior teeth may elicit protective mandibular repositioning affecting anterior teeth relationships and should be considered during comprehensive diagnosis.     

TMD患者咬合板治疗后接触变化的研究

目的:比较咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)前后异常因素的变化情况,探讨咬合板治疗TMD的机理。方法:选取34名用咬合板治疗的TMD患者,记录其戴用咬合板后2个月时的咬合特征及临床症状,并与治疗前进行比较。结果:TMD患者治疗后的力中心距中线距离减小,闭合时间与侧方分离时间明显较治疗前缩短,早接触出现率较治疗前降低,但前伸分离时间、非工作侧干扰及前伸干扰的出现率与治疗前相比无显著性差异。结论:咬合板对于纠正力中心位置、减小早接触的发生率、缩短闭合时间及侧方分离时间具有明显的作用,能够使TMD患者的关系向着更加协调、稳定的方向发展,是其有效治疗TMD的重要机理。     

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??Occlusal analysis and occlusal management are important in periodontal therapy. In order to provide reference for the clinicians??we made a literature review to summarize the development and changes of the connection between occlusal trauma and periodontitis??the methods of occlusal examination and occlusal management of occlusal trauma??timing??method selection??effect evaluation and long-term follow-up??in periodontal treatment.     

Association between buccal mucosa ridging and oral feature/symptom and its effects on occlusal function among dentate young adults in a cross-sectional study of Japan

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the distinction in oral features/symptoms and occlusal function between young dentate individuals with and without buccal mucosa ridging (BMR).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 200 young adults. The outcome variable was BMR state. The predictor variables were oral features/symptoms (torus palatinus, torus mandibularis, temporomandibular joint noise, bruxism, tongue thrusting habit, number of teeth present, and occlusal vertical dimension) and oral function (occlusal force, occlusal contact area, occlusal pressure, tongue pressure). These variables were compared among participants with and without BMR using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: There were 119 participants with BMR and 81 without BMR. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that BMR was closely associated with bruxism, occlusal vertical dimension, and occlusal pressure.

Discussion: Oral/occlusal changes of increased bruxism, lower occlusal vertical dimension, and lower occlusal pressure constitute the major causes of BMR.     

复合(牙合)切垫的改进及其临床应用效果观察

目的:本文观察用改进的复合(牙合)切垫对老年人作可摘式(牙合)重建的临床效果.方法:评定疗效标准,分别观察牙列重度磨耗组及牙体治疗后重度牙周病组各20例,随诊2～5年的临床效果.结果;磨耗组优15例(75%),良5例(25%).牙周病组优良18例(90%).结论:复合(牙合)切垫在技术上弥补了一般金属及塑胶(牙合)垫的不足,改进后操作更为方便,舒适美观,是用作老年可摘式(牙合)重建的一种较好方法.     

Occlusal pressure, contact area, force and the correlation with the morphology of the jaw-closing muscles in patients with skeletal mandibular asymmetry

Summary  The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in the occlusal force between deviated and non-deviated sides of the mandible in adult patients with skeletal mandibular asymmetry, and then also compare the findings to those obtained from controls. The absolute and balance data of the occlusal pressure, occlusal contact area and occlusal force of 23 patients and the controls were examined. Correlations between the occlusal force and the morphology of the jaw-closing muscles were also analysed. The occlusal pressure of patients was not smaller than controls, however, the occlusal contact area and occlusal force in patients were significantly lower than those in the controls. There was no significant difference in the balance of the occlusal contact area and the occlusal force between the right and left sides in the controls, while the balance was shifted to the deviated side in the patients. Interestingly, the balance of the occlusal pressure was very similar between the patients and the controls. Most parameters of the morphology of the jaw-closing muscles did not show a linear correlation with either the occlusal pressure or force. In conclusion, the occlusal contact area and occlusal force in patients were significantly lower than those in the controls, and also the balance was shifted to the deviated side in patients with skeletal mandibular asymmetry. It is assumed that the morphology and orientation of jaw-closing muscles may have not linear but complex correlation to the weaker and unbalanced occlusal force in patients.     

开张式双殆垫与塑料殆垫治疗磨牙症的对比研究

目的：比较开张式双胎垫在治疗磨牙症中与塑料殆垫的临床疗效。方法：分别用自制的开张式双殆垫与塑料殆垫对48例磨牙症患者进行治疗,随访9个月。统计治疗结束1个月和9个月时的停止磨牙病例和平均减少的磨牙时间。结果：戴用1个月停止磨牙病例数比为6：12,戴用9个月时停止磨牙病例数比为10：21。其差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：开张式双殆垫治疗磨牙症优于塑料殆垫。