超声检查睾丸微石症临床意义探讨

目的回顾性分析睾丸及附睾超声检查资料,探讨睾丸微石症(TM)临床意义。方法根据TM声像图将其分为典型性TM(CTM)和局限性TM(LTM)。超声显像检查显示典型TM的患者为TM组;同期接受超声检查的患者中发现睾丸、附睾、鞘模腔异常声像图的患者列为其他病变组,未发现睾丸、附睾或(和)鞘模腔异常声像图的患者列为对照组。比较TM及睾丸、附睾、鞘膜其他病变的发生率、年龄以及TM与不同睾丸、附睾、鞘膜其他病变合并发生率、年龄的差异。结果 2002年9月至2009年12月接受睾丸及附睾超声检查的5248例患者中显示189例TM,检出率3.60%(189/5248);平均(35.88±18.22)岁。其中CTM153例,LTM36例,二者之间年龄差异无统计学意义(t=0.71)。同期检查的患者中显示睾丸、附睾或(和)鞘模腔异常声像图2357例,其年龄与TM患者比较,差异有统计学意义(t=0.000)。对照组2702例,其年龄与TM患者比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.072)。78例TM患者显示了97处附睾、睾丸或(和)鞘膜异常声像图,合并率3.06%(78/2546);69例睾丸实性肿瘤中有7例患者合并CTM,CTM发生率10.14%(7/69),没有发现合并LTM。结论 TM的发生可能和曲细精管的发育缺陷或青少年的某种活动方式、会阴部特别是睾丸易受损伤等有一定的关系,无证据提示TM与睾丸恶性肿瘤有特殊的关系或提示TM就是睾丸癌前病变。     

睾丸微石症的二维及彩色多普勒超声诊断

目的通过分析睾丸微石症(TM)的二维及彩色多普勒超声表现,探讨高频超声诊断和鉴别诊断TM的价值.方法采用直接探测法及低速血流设置对17例TM患者的睾丸内动脉的血流参数进行了检测,并和18例正常人对照.结果TM声像图表现为双侧或单侧睾丸实质内均匀散在的直径≤2 mm点状强回声,后方无声影;分为弥漫型与部分型.睾丸内动脉各血流参数与正常者无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论TM具有特征性的超声表现,多普勒超声对TM本身无特异性的诊断意义,但它可以从血管形态及血流动力学方面为临床提供客观指标.     

睾丸微石症合并脾脏实质多发点状强回声1例

患儿男,10岁。主诉阴囊不适来我院就诊。查体:左侧阴囊稍肿胀,双侧睾丸附睾大小正常,无触痛,未触及突出结节。怀疑精索静脉曲张建议行超声检查。超声所见:双侧睾丸实质内可探见均匀分布的散在点状强回声,直径1~2mm,后方无声影,但其睾丸大小形态未见异常。左侧阴囊根部精索可见弯曲透声的长条形管状结构。Val-salva试验可见该管状结构增粗,彩色多普勒显示管状结构内为明显血液反流信号。双侧附睾大小形态回声未见异常。超声检查提示:①睾丸微结石症(图1);②精索静脉曲张(左侧)。在行左侧精索静脉曲张手术前做常规B超检查肝胆脾时,发现该患儿…     

Unilateral testicular microlithiasis associated with a seminoma

Unilateral testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon entity that is important because of its association with malignancy. We describe a case in which the initial clinical presentation was that of metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy. Subsequent sonographic examination of the testes revealed right testicular microlithiasis and a small, hypoechoic, ill-defined mass, which proved to be a seminoma. Since testicular microlithiasis is highly associated with testicular malignancy, it cannot be considered a benign condition. Sonographic follow-up examinations are warranted in patients with testicular microlithiasis to detect the possible development of malignancy. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 25 : 505–507, 1997.     

超声对儿童睾丸微石症的诊断价值

目的探讨超声对儿童睾丸微石症(TM)的诊断价值。方法回顾分析695例儿童阴囊超声检查结果,记录TM患儿的睾丸微石数目、睾丸体积、睾丸内血流指标等,并与正常儿童对比分析。结果 695例儿童中检出TM 16例,检出率2.3%,表现为双侧14例,单侧2例。2例充满型患儿睾丸体积较正常儿童减小,血流分布减少,睾丸动脉峰值流速减低(P0.05),睾丸动脉阻力指数与正常儿童比较差异无统计学意义;1例隐睾伴TM患儿睾丸体积较对侧明显偏小;余13例TM患儿与正常儿童睾丸各参数比较差异均无统计学意义。结论超声可确诊TM,明确分级,对TM转归随访意义重大。充满型TM可致睾丸发育不良,持续随访可为成人TM不育提供资料。     

超声诊断睾丸微小结石症及临床价值

目的 探讨睾丸微小结石症(TM)的超声声像图表现及临床价值. 方法 应用高分辨率二维超声常规检查1 198例阴囊疾病患者.结果 睾丸微小结石声像图表现为于睾丸实质内可见稀疏﹑散在或密集分布的强回声点,直径在1 mm左右,不伴有声影.其中男性不育患者379例,TM检出21例(5.54%),阴囊内其他疾病患者819例,TM检出12例(1.47%).TM发病率与男性不育相关,TM在男性不育中发病率显著高于阴囊内其他疾病患者(χ2=14.993,P＜0.05).结论 本病超声声像图特征明显,易于明确诊断;睾丸微小结石症与男性不育存在一定相关性.     

A case report of transverse testicular ectopia with testicular microlithiasis

Transverse testicular ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly in which both testes migrate along the same inguinal canal toward the scrotum. This report describes the case of the rarest form of transverse testicular ectopia in a 23‐year‐old man with coexisting testicular microlithiasis in one of the two testes as diagnosed on sonography and confirmed on MRI. We are unaware of any previous published reports of this association. Although the etiology of both conditions is debatable, each is believed to be associated with an increased risk of testicular malignancy, and this poses a dilemma for the future management of this patient. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:520–523 2015     

Klinefelter's syndrome associated with testicular microlithiasis and mediastinal germ-cell neoplasm

Klinefelter's syndrome is a genetic disorder of male sexual differentiation characterized by an XXY karyotype. Although considered a benign condition, it is associated with several types of malignancies, including mediastinal germ-cell neoplasm. In addition, Klinefelter's syndrome has been rarely associated with testicular microlithiasis. Whereas patients with Klinefelter's syndrome have an increased incidence of extragonadal germ-cell neoplasms, patients with testicular microlithiasis have a predisposition to testicular germ-cell neoplasms. To our knowledge, an extragonadal germ-cell neoplasm has not been previously described in association with testicular microlithiasis. We present a patient with 2 unusual conditions, both of which are independently associated with Klinefelter's syndrome: mediastinal germ-cell neoplasm and testicular microlithiasis. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 25 : 508–510, 1997.     

睾丸微小结石超声诊断265例

目的 探讨睾丸微小结石声像图表现及男性疾病的相关性。方法 应用高频超声检查睾丸附睾，同时确定有无其他阴囊内疾病，了解其生育史。结果 声像图表现为睾丸实质内点状强回声，无声影。结论 睾丸微小结石对男性不育症无确切影响，与睾丸肿瘤无相关关系，属于常见、多发病，探头频率达13MHz可显著提高本病的检出率。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断婴幼儿睾丸微小结石的临床意义

目的探讨婴幼儿睾丸微小结石的彩色多普勒超声表现及意义。方法使用高频率彩色超声诊断仪检查11例7个月至3岁婴幼儿睾丸微小结石患者。观察双侧睾丸的大小、内部回声,了解睾丸及精索血流情况。结果婴幼儿睾丸微小结石超声表现睾丸实质内散在或密集分布强回声光点,最大1．5mm,最小约0．5mm,无声影,10例为双侧,1例为单侧。结论婴幼儿睾丸微小结石超声表现明显,诊断明确,超声具有重要的诊断价值。     

睾丸微小结石症3例报告与文献复习

目的：本文报告3例睾丸微小结石症患儿结合文献对其病理、声像图特征以及常见伴发症进行讨论。方法：应用高频超声诊断,同时确定是否存在其它阴囊疾病。结果：声像图表现为睾丸实质内弥漫分布针尖大小强光点,无声影,其中2例一侧隐睾,1例双侧睾丸发育不良,双侧均见微小结石。结论：本病声像图特征明显,不必穿刺活检,即可诊断。因 不孕症的发病率高,特别是有睾丸肿瘤发生的倾向,应定期随访观察。     

睾丸微小结石症的超声诊断与临床意义

目的 本通过对睾丸微小结石症超声诊断价值的研究、回顾相关献对其病理、声像图特点及临床常见伴发症进行讨论。方法 应用GE Logiq 500。百胜AU4彩超诊断仪。5-10MHz可变探头，选用表浅小器官软件系统。结果 16例患中，10例表现为双侧睾丸微小结石，6例为单侧。声像图表现为睾丸实质内弥漫分布针尖大小强光点，无声影。结论 睾丸微小结石症是一种较为罕见的疾病，因为它具有本身特有的声像图特点，所以不需要穿刺即可确诊，又因为其与睾丸肿瘤的发生有相关性及不孕症病率高，因此应用高频超声对其进行早期诊断和动态观察是十分必要的。     

肺泡微石症多排螺旋CT表现

目的总结肺泡微石症的多排螺旋CT（multi-slice CT,MSCT）表现。方法回顾性分析5例肺泡微石症患者的MSCT影像资料。结果 5例MSCT均表现为两肺弥漫性对称性沿支气管血管束和胸膜下分布的细小结节状钙化影;部分结节融合,形成薄层致密带;双肺下叶均有不同程度的肺间质纤维化;纵隔窗见＂火焰征＂;3例合并肺动脉高压,右心房室增大。结论肺泡微石症MSCT表现具有特征性。     

Unusual combination of bilateral testicular microlithiasis and tubular ectasia of the rete testis with left intra- and extratesticular varicocele in a 17-year-old boy

We describe the rare combination of testicular microlithiasis, unilateral intra/extratesticular varicocele, and tubular ectasia of the rete testis in a 17-year-old boy who presented with testicular pain following a trauma. He had a prior history of undescended testis and orchiopexy in childhood. His workup included a normal abdominal ultrasound and a sperm analysis demonstrating a low sperm count with sperm dysmotility. A follow-up ultrasound was unchanged, and he has been managed conservatively. This combined set of findings has not been previously reported.     

Testicular microlithiasis: our experience of 10 years.

OBJECTIVE: Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is characterized on sonography by multiple microprecipitates in the testes. The correlation between TM and testicular malignancies is variable. The purpose of this study was to review our 10-year experience regarding the prevalence of TM and its association with testicular malignancies. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in which 3254 testicular sonographic examinations over a 10-year period identified 137 patients with TM. Testicular microlithiasis was divided into 2 groups: classic TM (CTM; >or= 5 calcifications per image) and limited TM (<5 calcifications/image). A control population without TM was also randomly selected during the same period. Associations with testicular cancers and other findings were then noted and compared between the TM and control groups. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-seven (4.6%) of the 2957 individual patients with scrotal sonographic examinations had TM; 8 (5.8%) of the 137 patients with TM had testicular cancer, whereas 1 (0.73%) of the 137 patients without TM had primary testicular cancer (P = .04). There were 9 testicular neoplasms in 8 patients, all of whom had CTM. Thirty patients with TM and no malignancy were followed for an average of 19 months (range, 1-90 months; SD, 19.7 months); none had tumor development. CONCLUSIONS: We found a strong association between TM and testicular malignancy. We think that the most prudent use of resources for early detection of malignancy would be to have all patients with CTM perform testicular self-examinations, and follow-up sonography should be limited to a subgroup of patients with CTM and other associated risk factors.