香烟对气道上皮细胞表达4-羟基壬烯醛的影响以及银杏内酯B的干预作用

目的探讨香烟烟雾浓缩物(CSC)对人类支气管上皮细胞系(16-HBE)表达4-羟基壬烯醛(4-HNE)的影响以及银杏内酯 B 的干预作用;并观察4-HNE 对中性粒细胞的趋化作用。方法采用免疫细胞化学和 Western blot 方法。(1)不同浓度(1、10μg/ml CSC)CSC 刺激16-HBE 细胞4h后4-HNE 加成蛋白的表达水平,设正常对照组(无血清培养基代替 CSC);(2)10μg/ml CSC 刺激不同时间(1、4、8、12、24、30h)后,16-HBE 中4-HNE 加成蛋白的水平,设正常对照组(无血清培养基代替 CSC);(3)用100μmol/L 银杏内酯 B 孵育16-HBE 后,CSC 刺激1、4、8、12h,检测4-HNE 加成蛋白表达的变化,设正常对照组(无银杏内酯 B 孵育);(4)以趋化实验检测0.1、1、10μmol/L 4-HNE 对兔中性粒细胞的趋化作用。结果(1)1、10μg/ml CSC 刺激4h 后,16-HBE 细胞表达4-HNE 加成蛋白水平(免疫化学为2.12±0.38、2.69±0.42,Western blot 为100.2±6.3、72.3±6.1)均较正常对照组显著增加(免疫化学为1.25±0.37,Western blot 为122.4±4.2,P 均<0.01)。(2)10μg/ml CSC 刺激1、4、8、12、24、30h后,16-HBE 细胞表达4-HNE 加成蛋白(免疫化学为2.67±0.46、2.69±0.42、2.71±0.48、2.72±0.56、2.93±0.11、2.92±0.20,Western blot 为73.2±8.3,72.3±6.4,72.6±9.2,71.5±8.1,54.4±3.6,56.7±4.4)较正常对照组(免疫化学为1.25±0.35,Western blot 为122.4±4.1)显著增加(P 均<0.01),刺激24h 和30h,细胞内4-HNE 加成蛋白较其他时间点增加。(3)50、100μmol/L 银杏内酯 B 孵育后再以 CSC 刺激时,16-HBE 细胞内4-HNE 加成蛋白表达水平(Westernblot 为84.6±4.4、101.2±4.4)明显低于未以内酯 B 孵育组,但高于正常对照组(Western blot 为72.5±6.4,P 均<0.01)。(4)0.1、1、10μmol/L 4-HNE 对兔中性粒细胞趋化数目(92±12、104±16、131±12)较正常对照组(72±12)均显著增加,10 μmol/L 4-HNE 趋化数目显著高于0.1和1μmol/L4-HNE,差异均有统计学意义(P 均<0.01)。结论香烟所引起肺中性粒细胞趋化的结果可能与其促使4-HNE 产生增加有关,银杏内酯 B 可以抑制 CSC 对4-HNE 的诱生。     

红霉素对4-羟基壬烯醛引起的支气管上皮细胞白细胞介素-8和谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶变化的影响

目的 探讨红霉素对4-羟基千烯醛(4-HNE)引起的支气管上皮细胞(16-HBE细胞)前乙炎因子白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶(γ-GCS)升高的影响.方法 将16-HBE细胞分为4-HNE组(10 μmol/L)和健康对照组,每组样本量为4个培养皿,4-HNE刺激细胞0.5、2、4、8及12 h后,检测磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、p38丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶(ERK)-1及转录激活蛋白-1(AP-1)活性的变化,观察细胞外信号调节激酶活化激酶-1(MEK-1)抑制剂PD98059对4-HNE引起的AP-1结合活性的影响;观察两组IL-8、γ-GCS和IL-8 mRNA、γ-GCS mRNA表达水平的变化;观察PD98059和红霉索对4-HNE引起的IL8、γ-GCS和γ-GCS mRNA表达及红霉素 对4-HNE引起的AP-1结合活性的影响.结果 (1)4-HNE组在0.5、2、4、8及12 h各时间段ERK-1分别为110.4±1.6、106.1±2.1、104.4±3.4、96.3±9.6和86.3±2.9,对照组分别为114.6±2.4、110.2±2.0、112.8±2.4、113.1±2.0和115.4±3.8,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4-HNE组各时间段AP-1结合活性表达分别为90.6±2.0、85.7±2.2、78.2±2.6、70.6±1.8和64.9±4.8,对照组分别为98.6±2.1、98.7±3.4、100.1±3.8、101.3±4.2和97.4±3.6,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);PD98059可降低4-HNE引起的AP-1结合活性.(2)4-HNE组IL-8水平在2、4、8及12 h分别为(87±4)、(98±4)、(102±6)及(117±6)μg/L,对照组分别为(64±4)、(65±6)、(65±5)及(64±7)μg/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4-HNE组γ-GCS水平在4、8及12 h分别为5.43±0.23、5.41±0.27及5.54±0.53,对照组分别为4.78±0.26、4.03±0.34及3.22±0.31,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05).4-HNE组比对照组IL-8 mRNA及γ-GCS mRNA表达水平高.(3)PD98059和红霉素可降低4-HNE引起的IL-8和AP-1结合活性,增加4-HNE引起的γ-GCS表达.结论 4-HNE可通过ERK-1途径增强AP*1转录活性,促进支气管上皮细胞IL-8表达;红霉素通过抑制AP-1活性,减少4-HNE引起的支气管上皮细胞IL-8的合成.红霉素及PD98059可上调4-HNE对γ-GCS的合成作用,阻断AP-1途径并不能减少支气管上皮细胞γ-GCS的合成.     

4-羟基壬烯醛在疾病发生机制方面的研究进展

氧化应激是许多疾病的基本病理机制之一。越来越多的研究表明:氧化应激过程中产生的一些脂质过氧化产物是引起氧化性损伤的主要原因。4-羟基壬烯醛是细胞脂质过氧化反应醛基产物中最具代表性的物质,其通过与组织细胞内的蛋白、核酸、酶类等物质相互作用,引发一系列组织病理损伤。在疾病的发生、发展中发挥重要作用。     

不同吸烟时间大鼠气道上皮细胞4-羟基壬烯醛和转化生长因子β1表达的研究

目的研究不同吸烟时间对大鼠气道上皮细胞4-羟基壬烯醛（4-hydroxynonenal,4-HNE）和转化生长因子β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）表达的影响,探讨吸烟所致慢性气道炎症性疾病中氧化应激和气道重塑的关系。方法雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、短期吸烟组和长期吸烟组,每组10只。采用免疫组织化学法半定量检测各组支气管上皮细胞4-HNE和TGF-β1的表达。结果短期吸烟组（0.204±0.017）和长期吸烟组（0.264±0.022）4-HNE表达均较对照组（0.174±0.017）增高（P值均〈0.05）,长期吸烟组较短期吸烟组表达升高（P〈0.05）。短期吸烟组（0.199±0.021）和长期吸烟组（0.247±0.025）TGF-β1表达均较对照组（0.175±0.018）增高（P值均〈0.05）,长期吸烟组较短期吸烟组表达升高（P〈0.05）。TGF-β1和4-HNE表达水平呈正相关（r=0.935,P〈0.01）。结论吸烟可以引起大鼠气道上皮细胞4-HNE和TGF-β1的表达水平升高,二者表达水平呈正相关,且随吸烟时间的增加表达水平增加。     

不同吸烟时间大鼠气道上皮细胞4-羟基壬烯醛和转化生长因子β1表达的研究

目的 研究不同吸烟时间对大鼠气道上皮细胞4-羟基壬烯醛(4-hydroxynonenal,4-HNE)和转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)表达的影响,探讨吸烟所致慢性气道炎症性疾病中氧化应激和气道重塑的关系.方法 雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、短期...     

4-羟基壬烯醛上调气道上皮细胞MMP-2、MMP-9和COX-2的表达

目的 观察4-羟基壬烯醛(4-HNE)对气道上皮细胞基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和环氧合酶2(COX-2)表达的影响.方法 Western-blot和RT-PCR检测不同浓度4-HNE(0μmol/L,10 μmol/L,30 μmol/L和50 μmol/L)作用气道上皮细胞4h后MMP-2、MMP-9和COX-2蛋白和mRNA表达的变化.结果 4-HNE以剂量依赖的方式促进MMP-2、MMP-9、COX-2mRNA表达和蛋白合成,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 4-HNE可通过上调气道上皮细胞COX-2的表达而导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者慢性气道炎症的发生、发展,上调MMP-2、MMP-9的表达引起慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的气道重塑.     

中国幽门螺杆菌胃上皮细胞白细胞介素-8的转录能力

目的探讨中国幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的空泡毒素基因(vacA)型及cag致病岛对胃上皮细胞白细胞介素-8(IL-8)转录的影响.方法以基因测序与Southern杂交法确定HpvacA基因型及cag致病岛状态;构建带有IL-8报告基因的人胃癌细胞系L5F11,用液体闪烁计数仪测定荧光素酶活性(IL-8转录),用HeLa细胞测定空泡毒素活性.结果所有cag致病岛完整菌株(15株)较野生型cag致病岛阴性菌株G50诱导荧光素酶活性[记数/分(cpm)]明显增强[(0.47±0.19)×106cpm比(0.13±0.02)×106cpm,P＜0.01];而cag致病岛部分丢失菌株(4株)荧光素酶活性与G50差异无显著性[(0.23±0.08)×106cpm比(0.13±0.02)×106cpm,P＞0.05];vacA基因s1/m1型菌株(5株)较s1/m2型菌株(14株)空泡毒素活性增强(P＜0.01),但二者诱导荧光素酶活性差异无显著性[(0.29±0.12)×106cpm比(0.53±0.41)×106cpm,P＞0.05].结论中国Hp诱导胃上皮细胞IL-8转录能力与cag致病岛状态密切相关,而与vacA基因型无明显关系.     

吸烟者痰中白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-10的变化及其意义

目的探讨吸烟者痰中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和IL-10的变化及其与吸烟程度的关系。方法选择健康非吸烟者15例及吸烟者62例,按吸烟严重程度分为轻度吸烟组(1~299年支)、中度吸烟(300~599年支)、重度吸烟组(>600年支)。3%高渗盐水诱导痰液,分别采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术(RT-PCR)与酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测痰细胞IL-8mRNA和IL-10mRNA表达及痰上清液中IL-8、IL-10含量。结果吸烟组痰细胞IL-8mRNA的表达和上清液中IL-8蛋白质浓度均显著高于非吸烟组(P<0.01),IL-10mRNA的表达和上清液中IL-10蛋白质浓度均显著低于非吸烟组(P<0.05)。吸烟指数与IL-8mRNA和IL-8分别呈显著正相关(r=0.562,0.634,P<0.01),与IL-10mRNA和IL-10分别呈负相关(r=-0.322,-0.367,P<0.05)。结论吸烟量越大,时间越长,痰中致炎因子增加和抑炎因子降低,对气道的损伤越大。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者诱导痰白细胞介素8水平及白细胞介素1β诱导人肺上皮细胞白细胞介素8表达的调节机制

我们比较慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者和健康者诱导痰中白细胞介素8(IL-8)表达水平的差异，并研究IL-1β诱导人肺上皮细胞IL-8表达的信号传导途径。     

健脾清肠法治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及对血清白细胞介素4和白细胞介素8的影响

[目的]探讨健脾清肠法治疗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者的临床疗效及对血清白细胞介素4(IL-4)I、L-8的影响。[方法]72例UC患者随机分为2组,治疗组和对照组各36例,治疗组口服中药健脾灵片加苦参槐花合剂保留灌肠治疗,对照组单纯口服艾迪莎治疗。采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定2组患者治疗前后血清IL-4I、L-8水平,並与30例健康志愿者(志愿组)对照。[结果]治疗组临床治愈率为66.7%,显效率为91.7%,对照组分别为38.9%、69.4%,2组治愈率和显效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前2组IL-4水平均明显低于志愿组(P<0.01),IL-8明显高于志愿组(P<0.01)。治疗组治疗后IL-4水平明显上升,IL-8水平明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),2者水平与志愿组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组治疗后IL-4水平有所上升,但与治疗前比较P>0.05,IL-8水平有明显下降,与治疗前比较P<0.01,IL-4上升幅度和IL-8下降幅度均不如治疗组显著(P<0.01)。[结论]健脾清肠法(中药健脾灵片加苦参槐花合剂)治疗UC的疗效明显优于西药艾迪莎,其机制可能与上调IL-4和下调IL-8水平,使机体免疫功能重新恢复平衡有关。     

Lactobacilli inhibit interleukin-8 production induced by Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide-activated Toll-like receptor 4

AIM： To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus bulgaricus （LBG） on the Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） pathway and interleukin-8 （IL-8） production in SGC-7901 cells treated with Helicobacter pyloriSydney strain 1 lipopolysaccharide （HpyloriSS1-LPS）. METHODS： SGC-7901 cells were treated with HpyloriSS1-LPS in the presence or absence of pretreatment for 1 h with viable LBG or supernatant recovered from LBG culture MRS broth （LBG-s）. Cellular lysates were prepared for Western blot with anti-TLR4, anti-transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 （TAK1）, anti-phospho-TAK1, anti-nuclear factor κB （NF-κB）, anti-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38MAPK）, and anti-phospho-p38MAPK antibodies. The amount of IL-8 in cell culture medium was measured by ELISA. RESULTS： H pyloriSS1-LPS up-regulated the expression of TLR4, stimulated the phosphorylation of TAKI, subsequently enhanced the activation of NF- κB and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK in a time- dependent manner, leading to augmentation of IL-8 production in SGC-7901 cells. Viable LBG or LBG-s pretreatment attenuated the expression of TLR4, inhibited the phosphorylation of TAK1 and p38MAPK, prevented the activation of NF-κB, and consequently blocked IL-8 production.CONCLUSION： H py/oriSS1-LPS induces IL-8 production through activating TLR4 signaling in SGC-7901 cells and viable LBG or LBG-s prevents H pyloriSS1-LPS-mediated IL-8 production via inhibition of the TLR4 pathway.     

瘦素对人脐静脉内皮细胞表达白细胞介素-8的影响

目的:探讨瘦素对人脐静脉内皮细胞(ECV-304)表达白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的影响。方法:用不同浓度的瘦素刺激ECV-304,检测ECV-304表达IL-8的情况。结果:在相同作用时间下,随着瘦素浓度的升高,IL-8蛋白及IL-8的mRNA的表达也随之升高;在相同瘦素浓度下,随着作用时间的延长,IL-8蛋白及IL-8的mRNA的表达也随之升高。结论:瘦素可以刺激ECV-304表达IL-8,而且呈时间和剂量相关性。     

N-acetyl-L-cysteine inhibits bleomycin-induced interleukin-8 secretion by bronchial epithelial cells

OBJECTIVE: Bleomycin (BLM) has proven effective for the treatment of cancers, but the most serious dose-limiting side-effect is the development of pulmonary toxicity. Although the precise mechanism in the pathogenesis of BLM-induced lung injury has not been determined, oxygen radicals and neutrophils are indicated to play a key role in it. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is thought to be an important mediator of the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. METHODOLOGY: The IL-8 production from bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for IL-8. RESULTS: The concentrations of IL-8 were reportedly elevated in BLM-induced lung injury, suggesting the involvement of IL-8 in the pathogenesis of BLM-induced lung injury. In the present study, we showed that BLM induced the expression of IL-8 protein and mRNA in BEAS-2B cells, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) inhibited IL-8 expression. In addition, the structurally unrelated antioxidant, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) also effectively inhibited BLM-induced IL-8 production. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that anti-oxidant-sensitive mechanism might be involved in the inhibition of IL-8 secretion by BLM-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells and that NAC might be useful for the treatment of BLM-induced lung injury.     

Lactobacillus plantarum inhibits epithelial barrier dysfunction and interleukin-8 secretion induced by tumor necrosis factor-α

AIM: To determine whether Lactobacillus plantarum can modify the deleterious effects of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) on intestinal epithelial cells.METHODS: Caco-2 cells were incubated with TNF-α alone or in the presence of L. plantarum. Transepithelial electrical resistance was used to measure epithelial barrier function. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion by intestinal epithelial cells was measured using an ELISA.Cellular lysate proteins were immunoblotted using the anti-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), anti-phospho-ERK and anti-IκB-α.RESULTS: A TNF-α-induced decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance was inhibited by L. plantarum. TNF-α-induced IL-8 secretion was reduced by L. plantarum.L. plantarum inhibited the activation of ERK and the degradation of IκB-α in TNF-α-treated Caco-2 cells.CONCLUSION: Induction of epithelial barrier dysfunction and IL-8 secretion by TNF-α is inhibited by L. plantarum.Probiotics may preserve epithelial barrier function and inhibit the inflammatory response by altering the signal transduction pathway.     

切应力诱导人内皮细胞白细胞介素-8基因的转录活化

目的本研究检测层流低切应力诱导人脐静脉血管内皮细胞IL8基因的转录激活。方法RTPCR检测4.2dyne/cm2切应力处理0.5、1、2h人脐静脉血管内皮细胞的IL8mRNA表达。构建IL8报告基因质粒pEGFP1IL8USCS,转染脐静脉血管内皮细胞,切应力刺激3h后,流式细胞仪分析绿色荧光蛋白表达。免疫荧光细胞化学染色观察切应力处理脐静脉血管内皮细胞0.5、1、1.5、2h的NFκBp65核转移。用对照和切应力处理10、20、30、60min的脐静脉血管内皮细胞胞质蛋白,进行IκB和磷酸化IκB的免疫印迹。结果低切应力刺激可诱导脐静脉血管内皮细胞表达IL8mRNA。切应力刺激后,重组质粒转染的血管内皮细胞表达IL8绿色荧光蛋白报告基因。切应力诱导NFκB向胞核内转移,和IκB的磷酸化和降解。结论NFκB传导通路可能介导切应力诱导脐静脉血管内皮细胞IL8基因的转录活化,参与动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

THP-1巨噬细胞热休克处理对单核细胞超化蛋白-1和白细胞介素表达的影响

目的:探讨热休克处理对THP-1巨噬细胞表达单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的影响以及热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、TLR4/P38MAPK和TLR4/NF-κB在其中的作用。方法:实验前用佛波酯孵育THP-1细胞,使其诱导分化成巨噬细胞,换无血清培养基培养后加处理因素。实验分成A组:常温对照组;B组:热休克处理组。THP-1巨噬细胞在42℃水浴受热1h,37℃恢复6h;C组:热休克+抗TLR4抗体组,THP-1巨噬细胞加入anti-TLR42h后同B组;D组:热休克+P38MAPK抑制剂组,THP-1巨噬细胞加入P38MAPK特异性抑制剂SB20358030min后同B组;E组:热休克+NF-κB抑制剂组:THP-1巨噬细胞加入NF-κB特异性抑制剂PDTC30min后同B组;F组:热休克+抗HSP702h抗体组,THP-1巨噬细胞加入anti-HSP702h后同B组。用RT-PCR或westernblot或ELISA检测各组细胞HSP70、TLR4、MCP-1、IL-8mRNA或蛋白的表达。结果:热休克处理上调THP-1巨噬细胞HSP70、TLR4、MCP-1和IL-8的表达。SB203580、anti-TLR4可完全抑制热休克诱导的MCP-1和IL-8表达上调,而PDTC、anti-HSP70对上述效应起部分抑制作用。结论:THP-1细胞经热休克处理后通过HSP70、TLR4/P38MAPK、TLR4/NF-κB途径上调MCP-1和IL-8的表达。     

白介素4在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用及其靶向治疗研究

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)发病率正逐年上升,其发病机制十分复杂.目前认为Th1/Th2反应失衡导致Th2细胞增多是其重要的发病机制之一,其中Th2细胞产生的细胞因子白介素4在哮喘发病中起重要的作用,成为新的哮喘治疗靶点.     

Lafutidine inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced interleukin-8 production in human gastric epithelial cells

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Attachment of Helicobacter pylori to gastric epithelial cells leads to the production of chemokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), which in turn activate and recruit neutrophils to the site of infection. Lafutidine [(+/-)-2-(furfurylsulfinyl)-N-(4-(4-(piperidinomethyl)-2-pyridyl)oxy-(Z)-2-butenyl)acetamide] is a new type of antiulcer drug that possesses an antisecretory action as well as gastroprotective activity, independent of its antisecretory action. In the present study, we examined the effects of lafutidine on H. pylori-induced IL-8 release and H. pylori adhesion to MKN45 cells. METHODS: MKN45 cells were stimulated with H. pylori, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, or IL-1beta, then IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the culture supernatants were determined with a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS: Lafutidine significantly inhibited both the release of IL-8 induced by H. pylori and the adhesion of H. pylori to cells in a dose-dependent manner. These properties of lafutidine are unrelated to the blockade of histamine H(2)-receptors, because the same effects have not been observed with other H(2)-receptor antagonists, such as cimetidine and famotidine. Lafutidine also significantly inhibited H. pylori-induced IL-6 release. Both TNF-alpha and IL-1beta-induced IL-8 releases, conversely, were little affected by lafutidine up to a concentration of 10(-5) M. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that lafutidine inhibits IL-8 release by inhibiting H. pylori adherence to gastric epithelial cells, indicating a novel mechanism by which lafutidine protects against the mucosal inflammation associated with H. pylori infection.     

Lactobacillus plantarum inhibits epithelial barrier dysfunction and interleukin-8 secretion induced by tumor necrosis factor-α

AIM： To determine whether Lactobacillus plantarum can modify the deleterious effects of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） on intestinal epithelial cells. METHODS： Caco-2 cells were incubated with TNF-α alone or in the presence of L. plantarum. Transepithelial electrical resistance was used to measure epithelial barrier function. Interleukin 8 （IL-8） secretion by intestinal epithelial cells was measured using an ELISA. Cellular lysate proteins were immunoblotted using the anti-extracellular regulated kinase （ERK）, anti-phospho- ERK and anti-IκB-α. RESULTS： A TNF-α-induced decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance was inhibited by L. plantarum. TNF- α-induced IL-8 secretion was reduced by L. plantarum. L. plantarum inhibited the activation of ERK and the degradation of IκB-α in TNF-a-treated Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSION： Induction of epithelial barrier dysfunction and IL-8 secretion by TNF-α is inhibited byL. plantarum. Probiotics may preserve epithelial barrier function and inhibit the inflammatory response by altering the signal transduction pathway.     

白介素4在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用及其靶向治疗研究

支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）发病率正逐年上升,其发病机制十分复杂。目前认为Th1/Th2反应失衡导致Th2细胞增多是其重要的发病机制之一,其中Th2细胞产生的细胞因子白介素4在哮喘发病中起重要的作用,成为新的哮喘治疗靶点。