Q＆a

Q．什么叫做“经络病、经络治、经络防”？ a 根据经络理论,一切疾病产生的根本原因是有关经络的失控,所以一切疾病都是“经络病”。通过激活经络,使经络恢复其调控机能,疾病得以治疗,叫作“经络治”。经络锻炼,增强人体的体力、精力和免疫功能,叫作“经络防”。     

丹参抑制凝血因子Ⅹa和Ⅱa的活性部位研究

目的 确定丹参抑制凝血因子Ⅹa(FⅩa)和凝血因子Ⅱa(FⅡa)的活性部位.方法 利用发色底物法,测定丹参乙醇提取物不同极性溶媒萃取部位对FⅩa和FⅡa的抑制百分率.用凝血酶原时间(PT)试剂盒测定丹参提取物活性部位对于大鼠血浆凝血时间的影响.结果 丹参提取物的乙酸乙酯部位对FⅩa和FⅡa均有较好的抑制活性,并且能够浓度依赖性延长PT.结论 丹参中存在直接抑制FⅩa和FⅡa的化学成分.     

An Insight into a Blockbuster Phytomedicine; Marrubium vulgare L. Herb. More of a Myth than a Reality?

Aerial parts and the root of Marrubium vulgare L. (white horehound) have been traditionally used in Europe and in southern and eastern Mediterranean countries. During colonization, the plant was introduced in America to great levels of popularity because of the simplicity of its growing; it was especially popular in Mexico and Brazil, where it has been known as ‘maromba’, ‘marroio’ or ‘marroio‐branco’. Ethnopharmacological uses of M. vulgare include treating respiratory diseases such as acute or chronic bronchitis, colds and asthma. The plant is also used in cases where there is a lack of appetite or dyspepsia and for diagnosed type II diabetes. It has even been used for antihypertensive therapy. For decades, scientists have carried out extensive research trying to explain these and other pharmacologic actions. It is time to systematize and critically analyse the quality of results found to date. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

生物抗氧化剂a—硫辛酸

１　引言ａ硫辛酸（ａｌｉｐｏｉｃａｃｉｄ,ＬＡ）是丙酮酸脱氢酶的辅助因子,它在丙酮酸转变为乙酰辅酶Ａ、生成ＦＡＤＨ,参与三羧酸循环过程中是不可缺少的物质［１］。它是代谢性的抗氧化剂,在生物体内ａ硫辛酸（氧化型）可以转变为二氢硫辛酸（ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｌｉｐｏｉｃａｃｉｄ,ＤＨＬＡ还原型）［３］。ＤＨＬＡ／ＬＡ的氧化还原电位只有－０．２４伏,低于谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）／氧化型谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＳＨ）的氧化还原电位（－０．３２）。ＤＨＬＡ能够还原ＧＳＳＨ为ＧＳＨ,相反ＧＳＨ不能还原ａＬＡ为ＤＨＬＡ［３］…     

脂蛋白(a)的临床意义

◆缺血性心脏病　L p(a)最重要的临床意义是它成为动脉硬化疾病的危险因子。L p(a)不仅与发病有关,很多研究表明它与冠状动脉疾病的严重程度也具有很大的相关性。病变血管越多,L p(a)在血中的浓度就越高。另外,近年来冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)以及经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)等冠状动脉血运重建术与L p(a)的关系的讨论越来越多。CABG术后替代物闭塞和PTCA术后再狭窄时冠脉血运重建的重大问题,将直接影响术后生存质量以及预后。研究表明L p(a)高值的时候闭塞及再狭窄发生的可能性非常大。这说明,L p(a)可作为冠状动脉血运重建术后…     

Pharmacokinetic comparison of a generic coenzyme Q₁₀ solubilizate and a formulation with soybean phytosterols

Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) is essential for all cells, and deficiency has been implicated in cardiovascular disease. Plant phytosterols inhibit cholesterol absorption, and may thereby also reduce cardiovascular risk. This study compared the relative bioavailability of CoQ₁₀ solubilized in low‐dose soybean phytosterols (SterolQ₁₀) with a generic CoQ₁₀ solubilizate. In a randomized, cross‐over design, 36 healthy males received a single 100 mg dose of CoQ₁₀, as SterolQ₁₀ or generic CoQ₁₀, with a two‐week washout between treatments. Plasma CoQ₁₀ was analysed at baseline, and at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h after supplement ingestion. Subjects were then administered either 100 mg/day of generic CoQ₁₀ or SterolQ₁₀ for 4 weeks. Fasting plasma CoQ₁₀ levels were measured at baseline and following supplementation. The two preparations were bioequivalent in regard to the area under the curve (AUC_0–10h) and maximum increase in concentration (C_max), with geometric mean ratios of 0.89 (CI 0.81–0.98) and 0.88 (CI 0.80–0.96), respectively. Four‐weeks of CoQ₁₀ resulted in a comparable twofold increase in CoQ₁₀ levels for both formulations (p < 0.001), which was similar between preparations (p = 0.74). The combined CoQ₁₀ and phytosterol formulation, SterolQ₁₀, showed bioequivalence to the generic CoQ₁₀ following a single CoQ₁₀ dose, and demonstrated comparable bioavailability following multiple dose administration. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ginseng,a traditional Herbal Medicine

Ginseng is a root vegetable whose shape resembles the human body, and its name （pronounced “insam” in Korean） contains the Chinese characters for “man”. Korean ginseng is also known by the names of Korea＇ s last two royal dynasties：Goryeo and Joseon. Its scientific name is “Panax Ginseng C.A.Meyer” ,panax being a composite term formed from the Greek words pan（all） and axos（medicine）,which also give us the English word “panacea”.     

ulsification is a safe and effective

curative effect is certain.extreme myopia;cataract;phacoemulsification0眼外伤职业眼病杂志(附眼科手术)Chinese Journal of Ocu     

Towards a scientific rationale for traditional properties of Chinese medicinal plants: a€?naturesa€? and a€?flavorsa€?

Objective According to theory of Chinese medicine property, the ecological environment shapes properties (natures and flavors) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and there are close relationships between certain natures and flavors. However, to date these observations have not been validated scientifically in the context of the whole flora of a region. The present study aims to address this gap. Methods We collected geographical distributions of 3637 vascular plant species native to the Xinjiang region of northwest China, of which around 812 are medicinal plants. The CMM property characters of these medicinal plants were also collected. All medicinal plants were then analyzed in the occurrence of their natures (cold, cool, neutral, warm, and hot) and flavors (sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and pungent). Possible correlations between these properties and environmental factors, notably climate, as well as correlations with plant species richness of the wider native flora of Xinjiang were then investigated using permutation test and regression. Results Cold species (38.5%) were more numerous than warm (21.0%) and neutral (22.3%), while bitter species (43.3%) were more numerous than pungent (25.6%), sweet (22.4%) and sour (6.7%) ones. Species with bitter flavor were most commonly also cold (48.6%) in nature, sour flavor usually coincided with cold (44.2%) or cool nature (26.0%), whereas pungent or sweet species tended to be warm (34.4%, 28.4%) or neutral (27.8%, 28.4%). The percentages of species of cold/cool nature, bitter flavor were higher in mountainous regions, and the percentages of warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour were higher in basins. The percentages of species of bitter, cold/cool, bitter were positively correlated with actual evapotranspiration (AET), plant species richness andbut had a bell-shaped relationship with potential evapotranspiration (PET), whereas the inverse situation was shown for warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour species. Conclusion Analysis of the data in Xinjiang region of China supports the qualitative observations concerning natures and flavors in traditional theory of Chinese medicine property. Specifically, (i) certain natures and flavors co-occur more frequently than if randomly distributed; (ii) correlations between proportions of natures and flavors and climatic variables suggest a role for the environment in shaping the properties of CMM.     

系统性红斑狼疮中西医结合诊治中C3a,C4a测定的意义

系统性红斑狼疮（SIE）患者出现高热、关节肿痛、咳嗽咯痰、胸痛胸水、舌红苔黄、脉数，此是原发病活动还是感染一临床有时较难鉴别。若感染误为SLE活动，加大激素及免疫抑制剂用量，易使感染扩散，延误病情；反之，若为SLE活动而误用某些如青霉素、异烟肼等抗感染药，往往会加剧免疫紊乱，出现血管炎及肝、肾等重要脏器损害，最终导致疾病恶化。中医临床上对外感及内伤的辨别，主要根据起病缓急、病程长短、热势高低、舌诊脉象等，但由于缺乏客观指标，两者难以截然分清。补体裂解产物C3a、C4a的检测为临来辨证提供了实验依据，我们对…     

Efficacy of meridian massage for motor function after a stroke: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of meridian massage on motor function after a stroke. METHODS: This systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomised(RCTs) and quasi-randomised controlled trials(q RCTs) was performed to determine the effects of meridian massage on motor dysfunction following a stroke. Articles published until December 2020 related to stroke and meridian massage from National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Korea Med, Japan science...     

全自动血凝仪动力学法测定肝素类药物抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价

目的 《中国药典》2020年版肝素抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价测定采用“终点法”测定吸光度值,本研究尝试建立全自动血凝仪“动力学法”测定反应值,检测肝素类药物的抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价。方法 使用自定义试剂,按《中国药典》2020年版四部通则1208“肝素生物检定法”中新增的抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价测定法编写血凝仪抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子测定程序,在405 nm波长检测吸光度随反应时间的变化,测定反应曲线斜率,以反应曲线斜率为纵坐标,标准品或供试品的浓度对数值为横坐标分别作线性回归,按2020年版《中国药典》四部通则1431中的量反应平行线原理4×4法实验设计,通过BS2000或Biostat 1.0软件计算效价和实验误差。结果 建立了全自动血凝仪“动力学法”测定肝素类产品抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价测定方法,并对方法准确性、重复性、适用性等进行验证,结果良好,对4个厂家的4批达肝素钠注射液进行了测定,结果符合规定。结论 全自动血凝仪“动力学法”测定肝素类产品抗Ⅹa因子和抗Ⅱa因子效价结果与“终点法”检测结果一致,实验误差更小,检测时间更短,并且不使用冰醋酸作为终止剂,对实验人员和环境更为友好。该方法自动化程度高,误差小,重复性好,有助于提高我国肝素类药品质控水平,提高产品质量。     

丹参酮Ⅱa抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

正中药因其来源广泛、价格低廉及毒副作用小等优势,在恶性肿瘤的治疗中受到广泛关注。现发现姜黄素、人参皂苷Rg3等中药材提取物均具有直接的抗肿瘤作用,寻求新的具有抗肿瘤活性的中药材正逐渐成为肿瘤科研的热点和趋势。大量研究发现丹参具有一定的抗肿瘤作用,现代药理学研究发现丹参的化学成分主要包含水溶性的丹参酚酸类及脂溶性的丹参酮类。其中,丹参酮属于丹参根部乙醚     

水溶液中柴胡皂苷a降解行为研究

目的考察水溶液中柴胡皂苷a的降解行为。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定pH值分别为6.96,6.21,5.94,5.62,5.06下柴胡皂苷a在沸水浴中不同时间点柴的含量。色谱条件为WondaSil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相∶甲醇-水(65∶35);流速:1.0 ml·min-1;检测波长:210 nm。结果 100℃加热10min时,柴胡皂苷a在pH6.96,6.21,5.94,5.62,5.06下分别降解20%,28.1%,31.5%,33.6%,35.7%。100℃加热10min至160min过程中柴胡皂苷a在pH 6.96,6.21,5.94,5.62下分别降解12.5%,6.1%,8.6%,7.7%,而在pH5.06下降解29.6%。结论柴胡皂苷a在煎煮的过程中,其自身的降解相当一部分是发生在煎煮的前10min。煎液体系酸碱度影响柴胡皂苷a的降解,从煎液酸碱性的角度来探究中药柴胡有效物质是一个可以尝试的方向。     

Herbal anthelmintic agents: a narrative review

Helminths or Parasitic worms of humans may cause chronic and sometimes deadly diseases, considered as neglected tropical diseases(NTDs) that infect around two billion people worldwide. Plants have been used as anthelmintics from ancient times. This review is a compilation of plants as source of anthelmintic drug. All information presented in this review article regarding the anthelmintic activities of plants from 2005 and has been acquired by approaching various electronic databases,including Sc...     

Improving BPH symptoms and sexual dysfunctions with a saw palmetto preparation? Results from a pilot trial

In elderly men, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major risk factor for sexual dysfunctions (SDys). Additionally, the standard treatments for BPH symptoms, alpha blockers and 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors, cause SDys themselves. Preparations from saw palmetto berries are an efficacious and well‐tolerated symptomatic treatment for mild to moderate BPH and have traditionally been used to treat SDys. We conducted an open multicentric clinical pilot trial to investigate whether the saw palmetto berry preparation Prostasan® influenced BPH symptoms and SDys. Eighty‐two patients participated in the 8‐week trial, taking one capsule of 320 mg saw palmetto extract daily. At the end of the treatment, the International Prostate Symptom Score was reduced from 14.4 ± 4.7 to 6.9 ± 5.2 (p < 0.0001); SDys measured with the brief Sexual Function Inventory improved from 22.4 ± 7.2 to 31.4 ± 9.2 (p < 0.0001), and the Urolife BPH QoL‐9 sex total improved from 137.3 ± 47.9 to 195.0 ± 56.3 (p < 0.0001). Investigators' and patients' assessments confirmed the good efficacy, and treatment was very well tolerated and accepted by the patients. Correlation analyses confirmed the relationship between improved BPH symptoms and reduced SDys. This was the first trial with saw palmetto to show improvement in BPH symptoms and SDys as well. [Corrections made here after initial online publication.] Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中药治疗骨质疏松症2a效果分析

目的观察中药治疗老年骨质疏松症(OP)2 a的疗效。方法选择骨质疏松患者41例,给予补骨脂颗粒20 g/次,2次/d口服,使用3个月后改用仙灵骨葆3粒/次,2次/d口服,连续使用21个月。测定治疗前后的腰椎、股骨颈与全髋的骨密度值(BMD)。结果随访2 a后有完整资料者26例,治疗12个月后腰椎和髋部骨密度改变下降趋势,治疗24个月骨密度较治疗12个月上升,但治疗前、治疗12个月、治疗24个月骨密度差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论中药治疗老年骨质疏松症作用缓慢,能较好地维持骨密度。     

f lipoprotein(a) and f

白花蛇舌草微寒、甘。有较强的清热解毒,清利湿热作用。近年来笔者在临床中以白花蛇舌草为主,配合丹参、黄芪代茶饮治疗慢性乙型肝炎取得较为满意的疗效。曾治12例,均为HBsAg(+),抗-HBc(+),肝功能无明显异常。其中8例HBsAg和抗-HBc均转阴,2例抗-HBc转阴,2例除自觉症状减轻外化验结果无变化。如患者陈某,女,48岁,慢性乙型肝炎6年,食少乏力,胁肋隐痛,乙型肝炎病毒标志物HBsAg(+),抗-HBc(+),余无异常。以白花蛇舌草10g,丹参5g,黄芪5g代茶饮,每2天1剂。坚持服用1年,复查肝功能及乙型肝炎病毒标志物检测均无异常,食少乏力,胁肋隐痛等症状…