2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素变化与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 观察2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素及胰岛素的变化,探讨2型糖尿病血清瘦素和胰岛素抵抗的相互关系。方法 39例2型糖尿病患者,检测身高、体重、空腹血糖(FPG)、血清空腹胰岛素(FINS)、血清瘦素(leptin)及肝肾功能和血脂变化,并计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA—IR)。用多元逐步回归分析和偏相关分析对瘦素与上述指标和胰岛素敏感指数的相关性进行分析。结果 糖尿病患者血清leptin,FINS,HOMA—IR均较正常对照组显著升高(P＜0．01),ISI显著下降(P＜0．01);在糖尿病患者中,瘦素水平与FINS,HOMA—IR明显正相关(r1=0．525,P＜0．01,r2=0．391,P＜0．05),与ISI明显负相关(r=-0．334,P＜0．05);多元逐步回归分析显示,影响瘦素最主要的因素依次为性别,BMI,甘油三脂,胰岛素和ISI,(R2=0．358,P＜0,01)。结论 2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平显著升高,且与胰岛素抵抗有明显相关性。     

空腹血清游离脂肪酸与2型糖尿病的相关性分析

目的：探讨和研究2型糖尿病患者空腹血清游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平以及与胰岛素抵抗等指标间的相关性。方法：于2012年7月到2013年7月对确诊的218例糖尿病患者（观察组）以及同时期来我院进行体检的218例健康志愿者（对照组）进行研究,测量其空腹血清游离脂肪酸水平（FFA）,并进行口服糖耐量试验,计算出胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA－IR）以及胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA－IS）,进行三者之间的相关性分析。结果：两组患者一般情况（性别、年龄、体重以及体重指数）之间差异不显著（P＞0．05）,观察组空腹时FFA以及（HOMA－IR）显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）,观察组（HOMA－IS）显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）,观察组的FFA与（HOMA－IR）呈显著正相关（r＝0．56,P＜0．05）,与（HOMA－IS）呈显著负相关（r＝－0．47,P＜0．05）。结论：空腹血清游离脂肪酸与机体内胰岛素抵抗水平以及2型糖尿病具有一定相关性,可作为临床综合诊断指标。     

肥胖患者中瘦素与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的　探讨血清瘦素水平在不同糖代谢水平的肥胖患者中的变化及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法　选择肥胖患者 15 2例 ,其中包括糖耐量正常者 6 8例 ,糖耐量异常者 46例和糖尿病患者 38例 ,以及正常对照者 47例 ,测定并比较他们的空腹血清瘦素水平。采用HOMA指数评价胰岛素抵抗程度 ,分析肥胖患者中瘦素与胰岛素抵抗的关系。结果　肥胖者体重指数 (BMI)和瘦素水平均高于对照者 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;空腹血糖糖尿病患者 >糖耐量异常者 >糖耐量正常者 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,体重指数和瘦素水平三组间的差别无显著性。肥胖者HOMA值与瘦素呈正相关 (r=0 .2 0 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,但性别分层后 ,男性肥胖者的HOMA值与瘦素仍呈正相关 (r =0 .5 1,P <0 .0 0 1) ,而女性肥胖者的HOMA值与瘦素无显著相关 (P >0 .0 5 )。逐步回归分析显示 ,肥胖者男性瘦素水平是HOMA值的主要相关因素。结论　体脂水平相同情况下 ,不同的糖代谢水平的肥胖者的空腹血清瘦素水平相同 ;肥胖者空腹血清瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗密切相关 ,是胰岛素抵抗的主要相关因素 ,而这一关系仅在男性中存在     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清瘦素水平与糖代谢指标的相关性

目的：通过研究多囊卵巢综合征（ PCOS）患者糖代谢指标与血清瘦素水平的相关性,从而探讨PCOS的发病机制。方法：采用病例对照研究,将168例首次确诊为PCOS的患者按照BMI分为肥胖PCOS组（ A1组,n＝101,BMI≥25kg／m2）和非肥胖组（A2组,n＝67,BMI＜25kg／m2）,同时选择年龄和体重相匹配的141例月经规律的常规来院体检的健康女性作为正常对照组,同样根据BMI分为肥胖组（B1组,n＝42）和非肥胖组（B2组,n＝99）,所有研究对象均在清晨空腹10小时以上后分别检测血清瘦素、血糖（ FBG）、血清胰岛素（ FINS）水平以及胰岛素抵抗指数（ HOMA－IR）,比较这些观测指标有无差异,进而分析这些指标与血清瘦素水平的相关性。结果：PCOS组血清瘦素、空腹FINS水平和HOMA－IR显著高于相应对照组（P＜0．01）;差异均有统计学意义。 Spearman相关分析结果显示,PCOS患者的血清瘦素水平与空腹和餐后2小时血胰岛素、空腹和餐后2小时血糖、HOMA－IR呈正相关。结论：PCOS患者存在糖代谢紊乱,血清高瘦素水平可能参与PCOS患者的糖代谢紊乱的发生、发展,单独或共同构成PCOS的一个独立危险因素。     

高血压病患者血清瘦素含量与IR水平的相关性研究

目的　探讨高血压病患者血清瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法　正常对照组 4 9例 ,高血压组 4 7例 ,用放射免疫分析法检测血清瘦素水平 ,稳态模式评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数 (insulinresance ,IR)。进行统计学处理 ,分析瘦素与其他各项参数的相关性。结果　leptin血清浓度有明显的性别差异 ,无论正常对照组还是高血压组男∶女均约为 1∶4。原发性高血压病患者空腹胰岛素、IR值比正常对照组明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;其leptin血清水平亦比正常组高 ,但未达统计学意义。直线回归相关分析表明leptin值与BMI(r =0 .4 30 ,P <0 .0 1 )相关 ,校正体重指数和性别后与空腹胰岛素Fins(r=0 .0 34,P >0 .0 5 ) ,IR值 (r =0 .0 5 6 ,P >0 .0 5 )无相关。与其余参数均无相关。结论　原发性高血压亻并发症与胰岛素抵抗及高胰岛素血症有关 ,但leptin与胰岛素抵抗及原发性高血压病的发病关系尚不明确。     

老年2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素与胰岛素及胰岛素抵抗关系的探讨

目的 :探讨老年 2型糖尿病 (T2DM)患者血清瘦素水平与胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法 :测定 85例T2DM患者空腹及餐后 2小时瘦素、血糖、胰岛素 (FLep、PLep、FBG、PBG、FIns、PIns)、糖化血红蛋白 (HbAic)、总胆固醇 (Ch)、甘油三酯 (Tg)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL ch) ,应用稳态模式胰岛素抵抗指数 (HOMA IR)作为胰岛素抵抗指标 ,进行比较、相关分析。结果 :肥胖组血清瘦素水平明显高于非肥胖组 (P <0 0 1) ,瘦素与BMI(r=0 5 715 ,P <0 0 1)、胰岛素 (r =0 5 175 ,P <0 0 1)、HOMA IR(r=0 6 873,P <0 0 1)明显正相关 ,与病程、年龄、血糖、HbAic、血脂 (P >0 0 5 )无关。结论 :瘦素是胰岛素抵抗的主要相关因素 ,在 2型糖尿病的发生、发展中起重要的作用     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清瘦素水平的变化及临床意义

目的研究多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者血清瘦素水平变化及其临床意义。方法初次诊断为PCOS的170例患者根据体质量指数（BMI）分为正常体质量组（P1组,n=69）、超重组（P2组,n=44）和肥胖组（P3组,n=57）。酶联免疫吸附法检测血清瘦素水平,分析BMI、腰臀比及血糖、胰岛素和血脂水平以及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）和胰岛B细胞分泌功能指数（HOMA—IS）与血清瘦素水平的相关性。以年龄和体质量指数（BMI）相匹配的143名健康志愿者作为正常对照,且同样分为正常体质量组（C1组,n=102）、超重组（c2组,n=20）和肥胖组（C3组,n=21）。结果血清瘦素水平检测和分析结果显示,P1组与C1组比较差异无统计学意义;但P2组〉C2组,P3组〉C3组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Spearman相关分析显示,PCOS患者血清瘦素水平与BMI、腰臀比以及血清三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹及餐后2h血胰岛素、空腹及餐后2h血糖、HOMA—IR、HOMA—IS相关;进一步的多元逐步回归分析结果表明,PCOS患者血清瘦素水平与BMI和HOMA—IR独立相关。结论PCOS的发生和发展可能与血清瘦素水平升高导致糖脂代谢异常有关。     

瘦素水平与男性冠心病易患因素关系的临床分析

目的：通过对男性冠心病患者与对照组之间的比较，分析血清瘦素与冠心病多种影响因素关系。方法：测定137例男性冠心病患者及203例，男性的血清瘦素浓度（Lep）、空腹胰岛素（FIN）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DI弹）、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FPG）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）等指标。血清瘦素用酶联吸附免疫分析法（ELISA法）测定。稳态模式评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）。分析血清瘦素与其它各项参数的相关性。结果：t结果显示，冠心病组TG、FIN、Lep、HOMA-IR均明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），其中两组Lep水平差异尤为显著（P〈0．001）；Lep水平与BMI、TC、TG、FPG、SBP、DBP、FIN呈较强正相关（r〉0．4，P〈0．01）；多因素logistie回归分析显示，年龄、BMI、FPG、TG和Lep．是冠心病发病的危险因素，以BMI为协变量进行协方差分析结果显示，冠心痛组的瘦素水平仍高于对照组（尸〈0．01）。结论：瘦素独立年龄、BMI、血压、血糖与冠心病密切关联，瘦素异常升高可能是男性冠心病的危险因素。     

急性脑梗死患者胰岛素抵抗与纤溶状态的关系

目的：探讨胰岛素抵抗（IR)与急性脑梗死患者纤溶状态的相互关系。方法：检测动脉粥样硬化性单纯性脑梗死31例和正常对照组30例的空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物活度(t—PA：A)和组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制物活度(PAI：A)的变化，计算胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)。结果：急性脑梗死组的FPG、FINS、PAI：A比对照组蹭高(P＜0．01)；ISI、t—PA：A比对照组降低(P＜0．01或P＜0．05)。PAI：A与血清胰岛素水平呈正相关(r＝0．5783，P＜0．01)，tPA：A与血清胰岛素水平呈负相关(r＝．5136，P＜0．01)。结论：具有IR的急性脑梗死患者纤溶活性降低，IR可能是急性脑梗死发病的独立致病因素，对IR的干预性治疗可能有助于改善其纤溶状态。     

血清瘦素水平与早发肥胖关系的研究

目的探讨中国人血清瘦素水平与早发肥胖的相关性。方法选择 10～ 12岁儿童 5 8例和成年人 32例 ,测其身高、体重、空腹血糖、空腹瘦素、空腹胰岛素。结果儿童血清瘦素与体重指数 (BMI)呈显著正相关 (r=0 .4 9,P <0 0 0 1) ,与空腹血糖水平无相关性 (r=0 0 9,P >0 0 5 )。男女分组后 ,血清瘦素仍与BMI呈正相关 (男r =0 5 4 ,P <0 0 0 1,女r=0 4 1,P <0 0 0 1) ,以BMI 18 5、2 3为切割点将受试者分为三组 ,各组内血清瘦素水平均无性别差异 ;儿童组与成年对照组综合分析发现 ,相同体重指数情况下女性儿童和成年女性的血清瘦素水平无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而在相同体重指数的情况下 ,成年男性的血清瘦素水平明显低于男性儿童 (P <0 0 0 1)。成年组BMI、性别、空腹胰岛素是影响血清瘦素的主要因素。结论中国人早发肥胖与瘦素抵抗有相关性。儿童血清瘦素水平没有性别差异 ,儿童男性血清瘦素水平明显高于成年男性。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.